ライフサイエンスコーパス: bulbar

1 ing efficiency (3.6% +/- 0.9%) than superior bulbar (1.1% +/- 0.3%; P < 0.05) and inferior bulbar cel

2 h with respect to explant size than superior bulbar (13.4 +/- 1.9-fold growth; P < 0.05 and P < 0.01,

3 < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), inferior bulbar (13.6 +/- 1.6-fold growth; P = 0.01 and P < 0.01,

4 nical epithelium (1.9 +/- 0.5) compared with bulbar (4.4 +/- 0.9) and palpebral (5.5 +/- 0.5) epithel

5 ory bulb lesions that disrupt the pattern of bulbar activation produced by these enantiomers degraded

6 rant are based on differences in patterns of bulbar activation revealed in such maps.

7 Bulbar activity of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate limiti

8 te again the functional relationship between bulbar activity patterns and odor perception.

9 e better predicted by normalized than by raw bulbar activity profiles; and (iii) a recurrent excitato

10 predictions based on 2-deoxyglucose maps of bulbar activity that enantiomers of terpinen-4-ol should

11 , these results show that GABABRs on cortico-bulbar afferents gate excitatory transmission in a targe

12 The index case of Family A had bulbar ALS and frontemporal dementia (FTD) at 43.

13 One showed both bulbar and diaphragmatic involvement.

14 The results show that bulbar and facial muscle weakness and wasting are associ

15 o, duration of disease and degree of ocular, bulbar and facial weakness.

16 Goblet cells from rat bulbar and forniceal conjunctiva were grown in organ cul

17 A multivariable model that included lower bulbar and gross motor subscores, female gender, younger

18 ory memory, but also significantly decreases bulbar and hippocampal neurogenesis.

19 y, tear production, ocular surface staining, bulbar and limbal redness, tear volume, anterior blephar

20 Both bulbar and mucosal cell preparations prolong the surviva

21 fore, provides a bioassay that discriminates bulbar and mucosal cell preparations, and a useful tool

22 eurodegeneration observed in X-linked spinal bulbar and muscular atrophy.

23 compared with a 2.5- and 5-fold increase in bulbar and palpebral basal cell labeling, respectively.

24 e and chronic stimulation when compared with bulbar and palpebral epithelia.

25 n an intensive care unit as they may develop bulbar and respiratory complications which may require v

26 ing to involve truncal, neck-flexor, facial, bulbar and respiratory muscles.

27 1b and GalNAc-GD1a, and between the cranial, bulbar and sensory variants of GBS and antibodies to the

28 These associations were similar for bulbar and spinal ALS but stronger for those with a dela

29 e central and peripheral corneal epithelium, bulbar and tarsal conjunctival epithelia, tarsal conjunc

30 The results indicate that input to bulbar areas that are activated by a series of homologou

31 lesions destroyed the dorsal and dorsomedial bulbar areas that have been identified in optical and el

32 hat GABAB receptors are expressed in cortico-bulbar axons that synapse on granule cells and receptor

33 entially expressed in the growing bulbs, but bulbar Ca conductance density remains constant while Na

34 and by their axon trajectory, show that the bulbar cell preparations have around twice the potency o

35 ulbar (1.1% +/- 0.3%; P < 0.05) and inferior bulbar cells (1.6% +/- 0.8%; P < 0.05).

36 t human tau hyperphosphorylation in anterior bulbar cells is spatiotemporally correlated with a highl

37 of human tau in identified neurons (anterior bulbar cells) in the lamprey central nervous system.

38 ied lamprey reticulospinal neurons (anterior bulbar cells, or ABCs) in situ induces chronic htau expr

39 Compared with the previous findings with bulbar cells, the mucosal cell cultures contained only 5

40 Finally, bulbar cholinergic enhancement of mitral/tufted cell odo

41 y stages of their integration into the mouse bulbar circuitry and highlight a critical period during

42 mary odor representations are transformed by bulbar circuitry into secondary representations based on

43 d integration of adult-born neurons into the bulbar circuitry of lactating mothers.

44 There were also high rates of predictable bulbar complications (86% had dribbling, 60% had glue ea

45 s compared with non-SCD controls, giving the bulbar conjunctiva a "blanched" avascular appearance in

46 +)CD11b(+) conventional DCs was noted in the bulbar conjunctiva and near the limbal area of corneas f

47 trephine was used to produce lesions of the bulbar conjunctiva down to the level of the bare sclera.

48 um, or in the context of preserving superior bulbar conjunctiva for future glaucoma surgeries.

49 ornea in 11 cases (34%), limbus in 23 (72%), bulbar conjunctiva in 31 (97%), fornix in 9 (28%), tarsu

50 ed limbus, ciliary vascular endothelium, and bulbar conjunctiva in rabbits injected with S. aureus.

51 Epithelial cells of the bulbar conjunctiva near the limbus are mitotically activ

52 ng the movement of GFP-positive cells in the bulbar conjunctiva near the limbus.

53 All 4 tumors occurred in the bulbar conjunctiva of patients between 41 to 53 years of

54 Impression cytology (IC) was taken from the bulbar conjunctiva of the right eye for periodic acid-Sc

55 w Zealand White rabbits were killed, and the bulbar conjunctiva was isolated.

56 The inferior bulbar conjunctiva was sampled using calcium alginate sw

57 ivochalasis affecting the temporal and nasal bulbar conjunctiva was strongly correlated with age (eta

58 3L in the palpebral epidermis, palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, corneal epithelium and meibomian gla

59 usly along the upper and lower palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, throughout the epithelium and substa

60 nction of the eyelid, through the fornix and bulbar conjunctiva.

61 connective tissues in the limbus and in the bulbar conjunctiva.

62 eby a needle is used to inject dye under the bulbar conjunctiva.

63 ted from the inferior conjunctival fornix or bulbar conjunctiva.

64 reviously reported cases had occurred in the bulbar conjunctiva; and its occurrence in association wi

65 < 0.0014), peripheral corneal (P < 0.0001), bulbar conjunctival (P < 0.0021), and tarsal conjunctiva

66 e-gated, whole-cell ionic currents in rabbit bulbar conjunctival epithelial and goblet cells.

67 observed during whole-cell patch clamping of bulbar conjunctival epithelium are a Ba(2+)- and Cs(+)-s

68 MCA velocities correlated significantly with bulbar conjunctival flow velocities (P < or =.008, Fishe

69 , without corneal or eyelid changes and mild bulbar conjunctival hyperaemia in a third of cases.

70 Bulbar conjunctival hyperemia and ocular symptoms decrea

71 the central corneal, peripheral corneal, or bulbar conjunctival stroma; meibomian glands; skin; reti

72 ed intravital microscopy (CAIM) to determine bulbar conjunctival vessel velocity during the same visi

73 Between these, bulbar dermoids are common and represent a significant c

74 gion of the left motor cortex in relation to bulbar disability, and in Broca's area and its homologue

75 who developed progression of orbital (retro-bulbar) disease at 4 months.

76 ained relatively unchanged in terms of their bulbar distribution during the first 3 postnatal weeks.

77 Bulbar dopamine release may serve a gain control functio

78 of rat and mouse OB to show that a subset of bulbar dopaminergic neurons possess an AIS and that thes

79 y was a prominent manifestation, followed by bulbar dysfunction and fatigue.

80 tenance genes, key clinical features such as bulbar dysfunction, hearing loss and gastrointestinal di

81 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis without severe bulbar dysfunction, NIV improves survival with maintenan

82 weakness, 3 = moderate generalized weakness, bulbar dysfunction, or both, and 4 = severe generalized

83 y in patients with facial muscle weakness or bulbar dysfunction.

84 severity, based around the common feature of bulbar dysfunction.

85 Some axons had bulbar endings within the basal epithelium, but most pro

86 ster of highly branched fibers with multiple bulbar endings.

87 s of spinal and bulbar motor neurons causing bulbar, facial and limb weakness.

88 The study also suggests more prominent bulbar, facial and respiratory involvement in individual

89 ment histories, and established a new ocular-bulbar-facial-respiratory (OBFR) score.

90 The CL on the orbital side and the reflected bulbar fascia on the global side of the muscle constitut

91 We also show that tunable cortico-bulbar feedback is critical for generating beta, but not

92 tic inputs from nasal airflow alone, cortico-bulbar feedback, or intrinsic membrane properties of the

93 t onset, rostrocaudal gradient and prominent bulbar findings are present.

94 nism, a rostrocaudal gradient, and prominent bulbar findings.

95 all patients and in the subgroup with better bulbar function (n=20).

96 e quality-of-life indices in those with poor bulbar function, including microsym (p=0.018), but confe

97 urgical lesions that removed the majority of bulbar glomeruli activated by these odorants (as demonst

98 and that deafferentation of the majority of bulbar glomeruli may be primarily without effect on odor

99 In all participants, both inferior bulbar (IB) and temporal bulbar (TB) cytology specimens

100 In patients with severe bulbar impairment, NIV improves sleep-related symptoms,

101 The region of onset was bulbar in 17 patients, lower limb in 31 patients and upp

102 Using the same tasks paired with local bulbar infusions of noradrenergic and cholinergic drugs,

103 anism for encoding information by modulating bulbar inhibition.

104 current literature indicates that olfactory bulbar input projects throughout layer IA of the entire

105 is recurrent network can enhance or suppress bulbar input, depending on whether the input arrives bef

106 rge excitatory network that can dominate the bulbar input.

107 contribution to activity driven by afferent bulbar inputs.

108 Bulbar interneurons such as periglomerular and granule c

109 gic synaptic connections on several types of bulbar interneurons.

110 vs 42.3%), milder disease severity with less bulbar involvement (25.0% vs 46.2%), and absence of resp

111 Patients with bulbar involvement had more frequent sleep apnea (mean s

112 MuSK-MG) is often associated with persistent bulbar involvement, including marked facial weakness and

113 eptor (AChR-MG) patients who have persistent bulbar involvement, is not clear.

114 In ALS patients without significant bulbar involvement, novel tests of RMS have greater pred

115 For patients without significant bulbar involvement, sniff P(di) had greatest predictive

116 In patients with significant bulbar involvement, tests of respiratory muscle strength

117 Three had early bulbar involvement.

118 d trends to greater reductions in those with bulbar involvement.

119 ups of patients with and without significant bulbar involvement.

120 cated' HMSN and also signs of cerebellar and bulbar involvement.

121 y bulb (OB), turn to migrate radially to the bulbar layers, where they differentiate into interneuron

122 Bulbar lesions destroyed the dorsal and dorsomedial bulb

123 Rats with bulbar lesions had good to near perfect retention on the

124 or discrimination tests but both groups with bulbar lesions made more errors than controls on a relat

125 Subgroups with bulbar, lower and upper limb onset showed different decl

126 nd depression at excitatory synapses between bulbar M/T cells and cortical neurons in slices of mouse

127 yngeal neuropathy or weakness, macroglossia, bulbar manifestations, or low lung volumes, predispose p

128 tor neurons") in cerebral cortex, and spinal/bulbar motor neurons (SMN; "lower motor neurons") in spi

129 e is defined by selective loss of spinal and bulbar motor neurons causing bulbar, facial and limb wea

130 have predominantly localised, in many cases bulbar, muscle weaknesses (face, tongue, pharynx, etc) a

131 had motor weakness affecting oculomotor and bulbar muscles as fixed or as relapsing-remitting featur

132 longer poly-Q AR in the X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophied AR could contribute to the wea

133 en identified in patients with distal spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (dSBMA) and Perry's syndrome.

134 neurodegenerative disease distal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (dSBMA).

135 been linked to the development of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA or Kennedy disease).

136 the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) and is associated with mi

137 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) impairs motor function in

138 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a heritable neurodegen

139 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a motor neuron disease

140 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a motor neuron disease

141 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neurodegenerative di

142 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a neuromuscular diseas

143 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a progressive neurodeg

144 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a progressive neuromus

145 Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a progressive, late on

146 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a rare form of motor n

147 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an inherited neuromusc

148 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an inherited neuromusc

149 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked motoneuron

150 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is caused by a CAG repeat

151 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is caused by polyglutamin

152 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is characterized by adult

153 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is characterized by loss

154 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is one of a growing numbe

155 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is one of eight inherited

156 en receptor (AR) protein leads to spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a neurodegenerative dise

157 eating a mouse model for X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a neuromuscular disorder

158 els is a therapeutic approach for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a polyglutamine disorder

159 Here we consider X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), a repeat disorder caused

160 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), an adult-onset neurodege

161 odel of the polyglutamine disease spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), an adult-onset, slowly p

162 the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), an X-linked neuromuscula

163 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and spinal muscular atro

164 r (AR), a protein associated with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and the nuclear protein

165 polyglutamine diseases, including Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA), Huntington's disease (HD

166 olyglutamine expansion, including spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), Huntington's disease (HD

167 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), or Kennedy's disease, is

168 yQ)-expanded AR proteotoxicity in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).

169 the androgen receptor (AR) causes spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA).

170 (FRAX), myotonic dystrophy (DM), spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA, also known as Kennedy dis

171 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA, also known as Kennedy's d

172 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA, Kennedy's disease) is one

173 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA; Kennedy's disease) is a p

174 tic potential in the treatment of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and may also be a possible appro

175 ially be a therapeutic target for spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy and related polyglutamine diseas

176 X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is a degenerative disease affect

177 Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy is a neurodegenerative disorder

178 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is an X-linked degenerative moto

179 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy is an X-linked motor neuron dise

180 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy mice that carry 100 pathogenic p

181 ured embryonic motor neurons from spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy mice, which was accompanied by i

182 The neurodegenerative disorder spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy or Kennedy disease is caused by

183 ing the role of AR proteolysis in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy pathogenesis.

184 tive effect on muscle function in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy patients, in addition to the tox

185 Using a mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy that exhibits many of the charac

186 Kennedy disease (KD, or spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy) is caused by a CAG/polyglutamin

187 R) to Kennedy's disease (X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy) was a major step forward, the d

188 Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, also known as Kennedy's disease

189 atorubral pallidoluysian atrophy, spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, and the spinocerebellar ataxias

190 ci), myotonic dystrophy, X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, Huntington's disease, spinocere

191 drogen receptor, causing X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, impairs its function as a trans

192 hat, in the polyglutamine disease spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, proteolysis of the mutant andro

193 eptor, an Hsp90 client mutated in spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

194 and in a knock-in mouse model of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

195 o involved in the pathogenesis of spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

196 ntial of arimoclomol in mice with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy.

197 -year-old woman who also had signs of severe bulbar musculature hypercontraction.

198 Equally important is the bulbar musculature maintaining the architecture of a pat

199 t not exclusively, young adult females, with bulbar, neck, or respiratory muscle weakness.

200 It remains unknown how the bulbar network functions when rapid and persistent chang

201 n between neural and perceptual effects of a bulbar neuromodulator.

202 Further, locations of ERK activation in bulbar neurons after exposure to single odorants corresp

203 t only replenishes the population of DAergic bulbar neurons but that it also restores olfactory senso

204 togenetic activation of raphe axons affected bulbar neurons through dual release of serotonin and glu

205 The sensitivity of bulbar neurons to iGluR agonists and odorants was establ

206 d) stimulated activity-dependent labeling of bulbar neurons, which was blocked with a mixture of the

207 hat cholinergic input is primarily acting on bulbar neurons.

208 tion of tonic inhibitory synaptic input onto bulbar neurons.

209 luR subtypes function heterogeneously in the bulbar neurons.

210 s: daily activities (by history), behaviour, bulbar, ocular motor, limb motor and gait/midline.

211 We found that, as in the case of bulbar OEC preparations, the mucosal cells also restored

212 he ventral forebrain may constitute an extra-bulbar olfactory pathway.

213 those with C9ORF72 expansion had commonly a bulbar onset (42.2% compared with 25.0% among non-C9ORF7

214 PBA was associated with bulbar onset and dysfunction, upper motor neuron dysfunc

215 C9ORF72 cases included both limb and bulbar onset disease and all cases showed combined upper

216 s significantly more common in patients with bulbar onset motor neuron disease (14/33, 42%) than in l

217 plasma (n=62) may be higher in patients with bulbar onset than in patients with spinal onset.

218 Bulbar onset was associated with a later onset age.

219 f young-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, bulbar onset was found to be significantly under-represe

220 Three cases had a bulbar onset, significantly more than expected (P = 0.00

221 idation levels) in a subset of patients with bulbar onset.

222 ng female cases in general, and among female bulbar-onset cases in particular, was the most striking

223 nknown mutations, namely a high incidence of bulbar-onset disease and comorbidity with frontotemporal

224 hibited earlier age of onset than those with bulbar-onset.

225 factors are known, including site of onset (bulbar or limb), age at symptom onset, delay from onset

226 ease) during chronic stimulation than either bulbar or palpebral epithelia (0.5- and 1.5-fold increas

227 rant experience can provide insight into how bulbar organization gives rise to efficient processing.

228 However, a comprehensive projection map of bulbar output neurons at single-axon resolution is lacki

229 cortical feedback can shape the activity of bulbar output neurons by enabling precisely timed spikes

230 both spontaneous and odour-evoked firing of bulbar output neurons.

231 descending flaccid paralysis with prominent bulbar palsies such as diplopia, dysarthria, dysphonia,

232 ildren with a congenital upper motor neurone bulbar palsy (excluding pure speech dyspraxia) to clarif

233 pical ALS (HR, 1.0 [reference]), progressive bulbar palsy (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.58-3.75; P = .41), and

234 The key features are progressive ponto-bulbar palsy and bilateral sensorineural deafness.

235 9 days, flaccid areflexic quadriparesis and bulbar palsy developed.

236 e most recent childhood forms of progressive bulbar palsy to be genetically defined.

237 progressive muscular atrophy and progressive bulbar palsy together as part of the same syndrome, the

238 ess and recurrent attacks of respiratory and bulbar paralysis since birth, nerve stimulation at physi

239 The bulbar phenotype observed in the OMP-null mouse is consi

240 aled that the study children had significant bulbar problems (with 80% still needing a modified diet

241 months, at least in patients without severe bulbar problems.

242 rons interact with principal cells to affect bulbar processing is not known, but the mechanism is lik

243 y serve to "tune" the principal responses of bulbar projection neurons by way of inhibitory interneur

244 nimals showed marked expansions of 2A4(+)ORN bulbar projections, with 2-15-fold increases in numbers

245 or neurons in the olfactory mucosa and their bulbar projections.

246 The bulbar recurrent projections are coarsely topographic.

247 bjective scales, the Efron and the Validated Bulbar Redness (VBR) grading scales.

248 improvements in tear breakup time and ocular bulbar redness, compared with placebo, for both forms of

249 milarly interconnected glomeruli in the same bulbar region.

250 psular cataract extraction from the superior bulbar region.

251 llularis pars alpha (NGCalpha), is the major bulbar relay of descending modulatory influences.

252 so as to reduce the correlations between the bulbar representations of similar stimuli.

253 eduction in forebrain control of compromised bulbar respiratory centers during NREM sleep in PPS.

254 s at birth, who displayed mildly progressive bulbar, respiratory and generalized limb weakness with p

255 generated by patterned activation within the bulbar response has not been explored.

256 the distribution patterns of epithelial and bulbar responses previously characterized using single-u

257 ons receive a prominent innervation from the bulbar serotonergic nuclear complex.

258 Patients with sub-acute bulbar, shoulder, and neck weakness pose unique challeng

259 de of the fornix; others were present on the bulbar side.

260 or adult forms typically experience ataxia, bulbar signs and spasticity, and a more slowly progressi

261 Bulbar signs and symptoms, including dysarthria in 10 an

262 onset (100.0% vs 62.7%; P = .03), had fewer bulbar signs at maximal worsening (0% vs 41.3%; P = .01)

263 eye-movement (REM) sleep, than those without bulbar signs.

264 conal condition and the derived, monovalvar, bulbar state of the outflow tract in modern actinopteryg

265 In those patients with bulbar strictures who fail or are not suitable for these

266 he sub-basal nerves and ended with a single, bulbar swelling.

267 el to the surface and terminated with single bulbar swellings.

268 on, gait disturbance, split leg syndrome and bulbar symptomatology related to vocalisation and breath

269 including wasting, fasciculations and severe bulbar symptoms, occurred over the following 6-12 months

270 patients, who are often females with marked bulbar symptoms.

271 ansmission in broadly tuned neurons, whereas bulbar synapses dominate excitatory synaptic responses i

272 on disease, our knowledge of the progressive bulbar syndromes has significantly increased in recent y

273 anisms and genetic causes of the progressive bulbar syndromes.

274 enetic diagnosis may allow treatment in some bulbar syndromes.

275 timulation-induced plasticity in the cortico-bulbar system.

276 ants, both inferior bulbar (IB) and temporal bulbar (TB) cytology specimens stained for MUC5AC reveal

277 cted from C57Bl/6 mice by the standard retro-bulbar technique were much higher than those obtained wh

278 obtained by filter paper-stripping from the bulbar temporal region for mRNA isolation.

279 one central nervous system region defined as bulbar, upper limb, lower limb or diaphragmatic), diagno

280 we discuss a case of a safety pin within the bulbar urethra inserted by a young boy for sexual gratif

281 seen only in male patients and occurs at the bulbar urethra or bulbomembranous junction.

282 travasations occurred at the proximal (deep) bulbar urethra, three at the bulbomembranous junction of

283 nction of the urethra, and one at the distal bulbar urethra.

284 tified by trial site, area of disease onset (bulbar vs other areas), and previous use of riluzole.

285 sing the possibility that site of ALS onset (bulbar vs spinal) may influence pNF-H levels in peripher

286 laccid limb weakness (n=10; asymmetric n=7), bulbar weakness (n=6), and cranial nerve VI (n=3) and VI

287 Three patients also had myasthenia gravis, bulbar weakness, or symptoms that initially suggested mo

288 S in a subgroup of patients with significant bulbar weakness.