ライフサイエンスコーパス: callose

1 itive papillary accumulation of GFP-PEN1 and callose.

2 bably due to partial sieve tube occlusion by callose.

3 rolonged staining for the cell-plate polymer callose.

4 opic deposition of pectins, xyloglucans, and callose.

5 llulose synthase might be able to synthesize callose.

6 allose synthase activity and accumulate more callose.

7 colorized aniline blue, a stain specific for callose.

8 cell plate while the plate is stabilized by callose.

9 by plants to fungal attack is deposition of callose, a (1,3)-beta-glucan polymer, in the form of cel

10 synthase that uses UDP-glucose to synthesize callose, a 1,3-beta-glucan.

11 Callose, a beta-1,3-glucan that is widespread in plants,

12 Plants attacked by pathogens rapidly deposit callose, a beta-1,3-glucan, at wound sites.

13 sieve plates in the phloem in plants contain callose, a beta-1,3-glucan.

14 dition, both MAMPs also caused deposition of callose, a well-known marker of MAMP-elicited defense.

15 Autofluorescent compounds and callose accumulated in edr1 leaves 3 days after inoculat

16 anases (PdBGs) were identified that regulate callose accumulation and the number and distribution of

17 Here we show that regulating callose accumulation at plasmodesmal channels is a commo

18 kob1-3, we did not detect drastic changes in callose accumulation at the neck regions of the plasmode

19 The lack of callose accumulation in als4 and als7 suggests that ther

20 Callose accumulation in both conditions was eliminated i

21 tion, and both AtCYP57 and AtFKBP65 provided callose accumulation in plant cell wall.

22 tors in a biochemical pathway that regulates callose accumulation in the plant vasculature.

23 late-specific post-Golgi vesicle traffic and callose accumulation was analyzed using ES7, and it reve

24 c effects on membrane localization of SS and callose accumulation, whereas Ca(2+) addition reversed t

25 diates, deposition of phenolic compounds and callose, accumulation of phytoalexin, and expression of

26 veloped systemic priming of chitosan-induced callose after single inoculations with R. irregularis or

27 Our results show that regulation of callose and cell-to-cell connectivity is critical in det

28 timely appearance of papillae, which contain callose and extracellular membrane material, as well as

29 atgpi8-1 mutants accumulate higher levels of callose and have reduced plasmodesmata permeability.

30 Callose and hydrogen peroxide accumulated in gat1 mutant

31 The role of callose and of the individual genes in plant development

32 efences dependent on signalling through ROS (callose and PR gene expression) were also modified or ab

33 se observations demonstrate that appropriate callose and sterol biosynthesis are required for maintai

34 res characterized by ectopic accumulation of callose and the occurrence of incomplete cell walls.

35 icles in cells containing elevated levels of callose and their reduction under ES7 treatment further

36 llular location to participate in cellulose, callose, and starch biosynthesis through its interaction

37 extra space between them, occupied by excess callose, and the meiotic dyads abort.

38 cytokinesis is not arrested and membrane and callose are deposited at the cell plate.

39 s also suggests that pectins, cellulose, and callose are highly cross linked to each other.

40 utants have thinner cell walls but increased callose around an infection site.

41 urity, and produce cell walls with excessive callose as revealed through staining with the aniline bl

42 bidopsis but failed to elicit high levels of callose-associated defense in Arabidopsis plants blocked

43 ose synthase that mediates the deposition of callose at developing cell plates, root hairs, and plasm

44 3D immunolocalization of callose at pitfields using confocal microscopy showed th

45 n of the (1,3)-beta-glucan cell wall polymer callose at sites of attempted penetration is a common pl

46 ifferent from wild type in the deposition of callose at sites of E. orontii penetration.

47 rtly by the deposition of the glucan polymer callose at the cell wall at the site of pathogen contact

48 orm a substrate channel for the synthesis of callose at the forming cell plate.

49 I3 However, als4 and als7 did not accumulate callose at this AlCl3 concentration even though root gro

50 4 (pmr4), a mutant lacking pathogen-induced callose, became resistant to pathogens, rather than more

51 ng-to-go, in which pollen grains stained for callose before anther dehiscence.

52 Synthesis of callose (beta-1,3-glucan) in plants has been a topic of

53 Callose (beta-1,3-glucan) is produced at different locat

54 ned with aniline blue, which is specific for callose (beta-1,3-glucan).

55 idylinositol-anchored proteins Plasmodesmata Callose Binding 1 and the beta-1,3-glucanase PdBG2 and a

56 d-associated beta-1,3-glucanase (BG_pap) and CALLOSE BINDING PROTEIN1 (PDCB1) were identified as key

57 e suppression of the innate immunity-related callose biosynthesis and, hence, the progress of F. gram

58 To elucidate the regulation of callose biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, we screene

59 These FFAs not only inhibited plant callose biosynthesis in vitro and in planta but also par

60 a suggested function of FGL1 in suppressing callose biosynthesis.

61 been suggested to regulate pathogen-induced callose biosynthesis.

62 To the contrary, we show that callose can strongly support penetration resistance when

63 ncluding radial swelling and accumulation of callose, can be mimicked with the inhibitor of N-glycosy

64 pe is dependent on the deposition of a thick callose-containing layer outside of the endosperm cell w

65 ctic components of this wall persisted after callose degradation.

66 Co-localization of MP-GFP with callose demonstrated that nearly all epidermal cell plas

67 se which is responsible for the synthesis of callose deposited at the primary cell wall of meiocytes,

68 e-specific conductivity and its reduction by callose deposition after injury was calculated for green

69 re is not an obligatory relationship between callose deposition and Al-induced inhibition of root gro

70 of the pathogenesis-related protein PR-1 and callose deposition and also plays a role in CRN2-induced

71 demonstrate that NAD primes pathogen-induced callose deposition and cell death.

72 ing gold labeling, modification of the CW by callose deposition and cellulose reduction was observabl

73 tance to pathogens and are required for both callose deposition and glucosinolate activation, suggest

74 The sh1 mutants also showed less callose deposition and greater tolerance to prolonged an

75 alone increased aphid arrestment, suppressed callose deposition and increased the abundance of free a

76 on and downstream defence responses, such as callose deposition and pathogenesis-related (PR) gene ex

77 callose synthase PMR4 revealed that enhanced callose deposition and penetration resistance were PMR4-

78 COR also suppresses callose deposition and promotes bacterial growth in coi1

79 en species (ROS)-dependent responses such as callose deposition and stomatal closure.

80 GAT1 thioredoxin in the redox regulation of callose deposition and symplastic permeability that is e

81 o activate cell wall-based responses such as callose deposition and that constitutive activation of B

82 eal that reactive oxygen species spiking and callose deposition are dispensable for the repression of

83 This connectivity is dependent upon callose deposition around PD affecting molecular flux th

84 n to HDMBOA-Glc were associated with reduced callose deposition as an aphid defense response in vivo.

85 Golovinomyces cichoracearum due to enhanced callose deposition at early time points of infection, wh

86 y upregulated by flg22 and facilitates rapid callose deposition at plasmodesmata following flg22 trea

87 SYNTHASE-LIKE 8 (GSL8), that is required for callose deposition at the cell plate, cell wall and plas

88 Furthermore, in situ staining for early callose deposition at the infection sites revealed that

89 Because the amount of callose deposition between microspores is correlated wit

90 tic model that highlights the differences in callose deposition between the resistant transgenic line

91 es an SA-independent pathway contributing to callose deposition by reducing accumulation of an indole

92 ES7 is a specific inhibitor for plant callose deposition during cytokinesis that does not affe

93 pression of HopAO1 in Arabidopsis suppresses callose deposition elicited by the Pst DC3000 hrpA mutan

94 hotoassimilate export in vte2 coincides with callose deposition exclusively in phloem parenchyma tran

95 PD are dynamic structures regulated by callose deposition in a variety of stress and developmen

96 allose synthase gene, and is responsible for callose deposition in developing sieve elements during p

97 r pattern (PAMP)-induced gene expression and callose deposition in host tissue, indicating that XopN

98 duction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and callose deposition in pcrk1 mutant plants to determine t

99 Defense gene expression and callose deposition in response to DFO were compromised i

100 n of PRX33 and PRX34 exhibit reduced ROS and callose deposition in response to microbe-associated mol

101 lent and avirulent Hpa, as well as decreased callose deposition in response to non-pathogenic Pseudom

102 size of the GPA and a parallel reduction in callose deposition in the adf3 mutant.

103 Callose deposition in the cals5 mutant was nearly comple

104 the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, callose deposition in the cell wall, and the generation

105 t of host genes, compromised defense-related callose deposition in the host cell wall, and permitted

106 limitation, cell-specific apoplastic Fe and callose deposition in the meristem and elongation zone o

107 Callose deposition in the phloem, especially in the siev

108 d genes PARG2 and NUDT7 and observed altered callose deposition in the presence of a chemical PARP in

109 However, the genes responsible for callose deposition in this subcellular location have not

110 ilate export reduction and vascular-specific callose deposition in vte2.

111 The Delta CEL mutant activated SA-dependent callose deposition in wild-type Arabidopsis but failed t

112 PRR- and ACD6-dependent signaling to induce callose deposition independent of the presence of PAMPs.

113 ns in IBA-stimulated root growth modulation, callose deposition induced with a conserved peptide epit

114 Callose deposition modulates plasmodesmal transport in v

115 , RabA4c(dn) overexpression did not increase callose deposition or penetration resistance.

116 In this paper we examine callose deposition patterns in T-DNA insertion mutants (

117 Ectopic callose deposition was also visible in the pollen-lethal

118 , callose synthase gene RNAs accumulated and callose deposition was observed in SLWF-infested tissue.

119 tional (virulence suppression) and cellular (callose deposition) assays.

120 or that promotes colonization and suppresses callose deposition, a hallmark of basal defense.

121 one (oxo-C14-HSL) primed plants for enhanced callose deposition, accumulation of phenolic compounds,

122 nip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection suppresses callose deposition, an important plant defense induced i

123 TuMV infection suppresses callose deposition, an important plant defense, and incr

124 splay a severe dwarf phenotype, constitutive callose deposition, and constitutive expression of patho

125 d upregulation of PTI marker genes, impaired callose deposition, and defective stomatal closure.

126 vels, a low level of spontaneous cell death, callose deposition, and enlarged cells in leaves.

127 e accumulation of autofluorescent compounds, callose deposition, and lignification.

128 FLG22-INDUCED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE1, reduced callose deposition, and mitogen-activated protein kinase

129 ayed upregulation of PTI marker genes, lower callose deposition, and mitogen-activated protein kinase

130 responses including defense gene expression, callose deposition, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) an

131 ts have lower H(2)O(2) accumulation, reduced callose deposition, and reduced electrolyte leakage upon

132 does not affect hemicellulose strengthening, callose deposition, and the synthesis of structural defe

133 suppressed cell wall alterations, including callose deposition, characteristic of basal defence and

134 cies, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and callose deposition, corroborating a close link between t

135 ed with the monitoring of pathogen-triggered callose deposition, have identified major roles in patho

136 ygen species production but had no impact on callose deposition, indicating that CA-MPK4 allows discr

137 ecular patterns (flg22 and elf18), including callose deposition, lignin deposition, pigment accumulat

138 rides), which leads to premature cell death, callose deposition, or phloem protein accumulation, caus

139 due to constitutive defense-gene expression, callose deposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumu

140 n of the cell-growth phenotype and increased callose deposition, suggesting a role for SA in regulati

141 taose treatment, such as gene expression and callose deposition.

142 nduced growth inhibition, ROS production and callose deposition.

143 target distinct signaling steps to suppress callose deposition.

144 table reactive oxygen species production nor callose deposition.

145 entially through its capacity to modulate PD callose deposition.

146 plates, altered Golgi morphology and ectopic callose deposition.

147 n phosphorylation, ethylene biosynthesis and callose deposition.

148 lation and morphologically distinct types of callose deposition.

149 d cytoplasmic vesiculation, and induction of callose deposition.

150 by the induction of immune marker genes and callose deposition.

151 ted induction of reactive oxygen species and callose deposition.

152 e genes and the potentiation of PTI-mediated callose deposition.

153 al resistance was found to be independent of callose deposition.

154 nthase activity was correlated with enlarged callose deposits and the focal accumulation of green flu

155 the pmr4 disruption mutant background, with callose deposits at the site of attempted fungal penetra

156 turn, the elevated amounts of cdiGRP induce callose deposits in the plant cell walls.

157 Callose deposits occur on the pollen walls in plants tha

158 vary and the pollen tubes exhibited abnormal callose deposits throughout the tube and in the tips.

159 f directly inoculated spikelets, while these callose deposits were not observed in infections by the

160 sporocytes are abnormal in appearance and in callose distribution and they fail to proceed through me

161 Deposition and degradation of callose during tetrad pollen formation in qrt1 and qrt2

162 ether, these data show the essential role of callose during the late stages of cell plate maturation

163 s of developing sieve elements revealed that callose failed to accumulate in the plasmodesmata of inc

164 Other GSL genes may control callose formation at different steps during pollen devel

165 rs ET responses and suppresses aphid-induced callose formation in an ET-dependent manner.

166 ol primary root growth via meristem-specific callose formation, likely triggered by LPR1-dependent re

167 Enzymatic removal of callose from wild-type microspores at the tetrad stage d

168 Transcripts associated with callose (GSL), cellulose (CESA), pectin (GAUT), and gluc

169 OD, the lipid layer was already present but callose had not been deposited.

170 egulates the level of plasmodesmal-localized callose in order to locally downregulate symplasmic perm

171 Roots of wild-type seedlings produce callose in response to AlCl3 concentrations that inhibit

172 this gene is essential for the synthesis of callose in these tissues.

173 The fundamental role of PD-associated callose in this process was illustrated by the induction

174 d the accumulation of the cdiGRP protein and callose in vasculature-associated cells with or without

175 edistribution of SS in the root tip preceded callose induction, an indicator of cell death.

176 The (1,3)-beta-glucan callose is a major component of cell wall thickenings in

177 In wild-type Arabidopsis plants, callose is present as a constituent polysaccharide in th

178 Callose is synthesized on the forming cell plate and sev

179 ccharide biosynthesis is that cellulose (and callose) is synthesized at the plasma membrane (PM), whe

180 A thick callose layer was evident at 40 DAA, coinciding with dev

181 a cell wall-associated factor that increases callose levels in plant vasculature.

182 ted that GrIP does not directly modulate the callose levels induced by the treatment.

183 We suggest that the callose lining of sieve plate pores is essential for nor

184 ieve plate pores of stems and roots lack the callose lining seen in wild-type plants.

185 mber and position using aniline blue-stained callose, mCitrine-labeled material was used to calculate

186 and the beta-1,3-glucanase PdBG2 and altered callose-mediated PD permeability.

187 nd maintaining the positional specificity of callose-modifying glycosylphosphatidylinositol proteins

188 protein (GFP) and aniline blue (a stain for callose normally observed at plasmodesmata) and found th

189 Thus, callose or callose synthase negatively regulates the SA

190 confirmed as low abundance (glucomannan and callose) or undetectable (pectin) in these samples.

191 strongly induced the deposition of spot-like callose patches in vascular bundles of directly inoculat

192 nt cell walls, does not contain cellulose or callose, pectin methylesterases (PMEs) likely play a cen

193 minal fucose residues on the side chain, and callose persists in the cell walls after the cell plates

194 tre of the plasmodesmal pore, between paired callose platelets.

195 erm pollen tubes all have callosic walls and callose plugs (in contrast, no gymnosperms have these fe

196 ines the sites of Fe accumulation as well as callose production, which interferes with symplastic com

197 Our results link callose-regulated cell-to-cell signaling in root meriste

198 To better understand the cdiGRP/callose regulation system, we identified a tobacco prote

199 not release the microspores, suggesting that callose removal is not sufficient to disperse the micros

200 tion, suggesting that the pathogen-triggered callose response is required for resistance to microbial

201 synthase, resulting in a loss of the induced callose response.

202 mpatibility showed a synergistic increase in callose responsiveness following co-inoculation with bot

203 cell wall layer, highly autofluorescent and callose rich, deposited only in the upper part of the tr

204 and the basal parts of mature trichome by a callose ring that is also deposited in an EXO70H4-depend

205 Studies on the temporal development of callose show that small sieve plate pores might be occlu

206 fragile pollen) with unexpected patterns of callose staining.

207 Arabidopsis contains 12 genes encoding callose synthase (CalS).

208 We cloned an Arabidopsis cDNA encoding a callose synthase (CalS1) catalytic subunit.

209 We have identified Arabidopsis callose synthase 1 (CalS1) and CalS8 as key genes involv

210 erns in T-DNA insertion mutants (cs7) of the Callose Synthase 7 (CalS7) gene.

211 t cells over-expressing CalS1 display higher callose synthase activity and accumulate more callose.

212 small molecule endosidin 7 (ES7) inhibiting callose synthase activity and arresting late cytokinesis

213 In these lines, we detected callose synthase activity that was four times higher tha

214 The callose synthase activity was correlated with enlarged c

215 es were separated from the majority (80%) of callose synthase activity, a marker for the plasma membr

216 fer UDP-glucose from sucrose synthase to the callose synthase and thus help form a substrate channel

217 gene encoding a putative cell plate-specific callose synthase catalytic subunit (CalS1) was recently

218 The callose synthase complex exists in at least two distinct

219 on and copurified with the product-entrapped callose synthase complex.

220 Callose synthase could not be purified to homogeneity an

221 tdy2 mutants provides evidence that the Tdy2 callose synthase functions in vascular maturation and th

222 Like aphid and fungal pathogens, callose synthase gene RNAs accumulated and callose depos

223 demonstrate that CalS7 is a phloem-specific callose synthase gene, and is responsible for callose de

224 is thaliana contains a family of 12 putative callose synthase genes (GSL1-12).

225 und configuration, suggesting that the plant callose synthase may be regulated by Rop1 through the in

226 Thus, callose or callose synthase negatively regulates the SA pathway.

227 disruption mutant lacking the stress-induced callose synthase PMR4 revealed that enhanced callose dep

228 ET2 encodes GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE8 (GSL8), a callose synthase that mediates the deposition of callose

229 ta suggest that UGT1 may act as a subunit of callose synthase that uses UDP-glucose to synthesize cal

230 te that one of these genes, CalS5, encodes a callose synthase which is responsible for the synthesis

231 CHOR encodes a putative callose synthase, GLUCAN SYNTHASE-LIKE 8 (GSL8), that is

232 One isoform of callose synthase, Glucan Synthase-Like7 (GSL7), is tight

233 This resistance was due to mutation of a callose synthase, resulting in a loss of the induced cal

234 TANT4 (PMR4), which encodes a stress-induced callose synthase, under the control of the constitutive

235 loned the gene and found that Tdy2 encodes a callose synthase.

236 t is widespread in plants, is synthesized by callose synthase.

237 past five years, identification of genes for callose synthases has proven difficult because cognate g

238 These data suggest that callose synthesis has a vital function in building a pro

239 Callose synthesis in other tissues of the plant appears

240 Experiments with callose synthesis inhibitors suggest plasmodesmal connec

241 The induction of cell wall apposition and callose synthesis led us to hypothesize that Yariv bindi

242 f CalS1 in transgenic tobacco cells enhanced callose synthesis on the forming cell plate, and that th

243 membrane via clathrin-coated vesicles and by callose synthesis.

244 to facilitate the transfer of substrate for callose synthesis.

245 larger increase in volume appears to reflect callose synthesis.

246 Only als5 accumulated more callose than wild type in response to low levels (25 mu

247 With the exception of cellulose and callose, the cell wall polysaccharides are synthesized i

248 of similar phenotypes in lines with altered callose turnover.

249 rlying callose wall, and requires the normal callose wall formation.

250 In this particular genotype, while the callose wall formed around the pollen mother cells, no c

251 the known beta-glucanases that hydrolyze the callose wall of the microspore tetrad.

252 ll formed around the pollen mother cells, no callose wall separated the resulting tetrads.

253 hey are responsible for the formation of the callose wall that separates the microspores of the tetra

254 eeping specific membrane domains next to the callose wall to prevent formation of exine at these site

255 etween the plasma membrane and the overlying callose wall, and requires the normal callose wall forma

256 otruding membrane ridges in proximity to the callose wall.

257 lete meiosis I, but they do not have a thick callose wall; they often fail to complete meiotic cytoki

258 The early association of the callose-walled growth pattern with accelerated pollen tu

259 ive oxygen species (e.g. H2O2 and O2( )) and callose was also observed in Arabidopsis.

260 In wild-type, callose was detected around the pollen mother cell at th

261 At 35 DAA, callose was detected as distinct vesicles or globules in

262 ed into the anther locule at the stage where callose was no longer detected.

263 Deposition of callose was reduced in pcrk1 plants, indicating a role o

264 e may be the plant cell wall polysaccharide, callose, which is a polymer of beta-1,3-linked glucose.

265 GFP-PEN1-labeled extracellular membrane and callose, while impeding penetration resistance.

266 small sieve plate pores might be occluded by callose within minutes, but plants containing sieve tube