ライフサイエンスコーパス: calyx

1 Scn binding pocket (also referred to as the calyx).

2 olate mature type I hair cells without their calyx.

3 two glomerulus-like substructures in the MB calyx.

4 tes downward and toward the perimeter of the calyx.

5 and EF loop apposition and occlusion of the calyx.

6 0 these ligands no longer bind within the TL calyx.

7 ly development and which represent the whole calyx.

8 p 1, residues 38-52) near the opening of the calyx.

9 th equal representation of both eyes in each calyx.

10 and fruit pedicel, flower corolla, and fruit calyx.

11 nerve suggests large discontinuities in the calyx.

12 f electrical signals throughout the extended calyx.

13 large and atypically polar binding site, or calyx.

14 s of the main calyx and the dorsal accessory calyx.

15 he diverticulum is in a middle or lower pole calyx, a laparoscopic approach is recommended.

16 f the diverticulum is in a superior anterior calyx, a ureteroscopic approach is recommended while if

17 Here, we report that bouton, dimorph, and calyx afferents all regenerate slowly at different time

18 spillover may play a role in gain control of calyx afferents and contribute to their high-pass proper

19 in CD afferents distinguished dimorphic from calyx afferents by revealing type II hair cell input.

20 The calyx allows the principal neurons in the medial nucleus

21 II Kenyon cells) with dendrites in a dorsal calyx and axons that bifurcate into medial and vertical

22 Dimorphic afferents, which have both calyx and bouton endings, are not labeled by calretinin

23 eometries than other mitochondria within the calyx and can extend between clusters of synapses.

24 ation of vestibular efferent neurons excites calyx and dimorphic (CD) afferents.

25 se experiments, alpha9 was expressed in both calyx and dimorphic afferents.

26 ponses were obtained from calyx-bearing (CD, calyx and dimorphic) afferents and from bouton (B) affer

27 erent from those in irregularly discharging (calyx and dimorphic) afferents, much slower and longer l

28 relay information to the mushroom body (MB) calyx and lateral horn.

29 d high variability in fruit weight and size, calyx and peel properties, number of arils per fruit, to

30 synapse with MB gamma neurons in the larval calyx and that these synaptic profiles are engulfed by g

31 ion in the Kenyon cell dendrites of the main calyx and the dorsal accessory calyx.

32 ry centers, including the mushroom body (MB) calyx and the lateral horn (LH) in the protocerebrum.

33 the location of dendritic arbors within the calyx, and branching pattern in the lobes.

34 gle large afferent nerve terminal, named the calyx, and by the expression of a low-voltage-activated

35 Three aspects of recent findings on the calyx are reviewed here, each of which seems to have onl

36 Cells in the input neuropil, the calyx, are organized into an array of microglomeruli eac

37 The size, shape, and character of the NGAL calyx, as well as the low relative affinity for N-formyl

38 bitory GABA(B) receptors were present on the calyx at all developmental stages examined.

39 lar space, which we attributed to a residual calyx attached to the basolateral membrane of the hair c

40 bsent from bushy cell somata (from which the calyx axons arise); instead somatic low threshold channe

41 ferent-mediated responses were obtained from calyx-bearing (CD, calyx and dimorphic) afferents and fr

42 er-face ribbons, and 2.6 efferent boutons on calyx-bearing endings.

43 eir appropriate strata already begins in the calyx before these axons enter the pedunculus.

44 s III Kenyon cells form a separate accessory calyx below the calyx proper.

45 ront of the brain, the shafts, one from each calyx, bifurcate to provide a pair of subdivisions in th

46 s to identify single cells in the Drosophila calyx by light microscopy and compared these with cell s

47 These differences suggest changes in calyx circuitry facilitating the increased demands on pr

48 eriphery a unique postsynaptic terminal, the calyx, completely covers the basolateral walls of type I

49 the following anatomic characteristics: The calyx comprises three subdivisions, the lip, collar, and

50 We found that every calyx contained an overshoot pool approximately 1.8 time

51 We estimate that the calyx contains 1600 MACs, 2400 synapses, and 6200 readil

52 bundles of axons that line the inside of the calyx cup and lead to strata.

53 duce protruding ridges in the otherwise thin calyx cup, accounting for the disparity in staining patt

54 f each other lining the inner surface of the calyx cup.

55 ers of immunoreactive cell bodies within the calyx cups and immunoreactive bundles of axons that line

56 her sufficient nor necessary to generate the calyx DAP, whereas I(NaR) by itself can generate a promi

57 ls are encapsulated by a calretinin-positive calyx defining them as type I cells.

58 ons rapidly excites the resting discharge of calyx/dimorphic (CD) afferents.

59 n at 400 and 1000Gy promoted browning of the calyx end and fungal infection.

60 -10 ribbon synapses with the inner face of a calyx ending.

61 Thus, both hair cells and calyx endings have large M-like K+ conductances with the

62 f individual DmnX fibers diverged, producing calyx endings on multiple PNs; (5) small intensely fluor

63 Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from calyx endings were performed in an in vitro whole-tissue

64 Calyx endings were strongly labeled by KCNQ4 and erg1 an

65 ferent innervation of type II hair cells and calyx endings, show that turtle efferents commonly conta

66 l NA fibers supplied numerous PNs with these calyx endings.

67 (3) NA axons terminated in dense basket, or calyx, endings around individual PNs.

68 ne mats, all overlaid by a large presynaptic calyx engulfing the cell.

69 ke, 'gilled' labellum and a showy, patterned calyx - enhance pollinator attraction by exploiting the

70 idues on loops CD and EF, which overhang the calyx entrance, show reduced accessibility to acrylamide

71 ssociated with this type I HC preponderance, calyx fibers make up a much larger fraction of the affer

72 entials, and thereby substantially increased calyx firing rates.

73 The neurofilament infrastructure of the calyx first appears as a single thick bundle, which subs

74 e manipulative capabilities of wasp-injected calyx fluid containing polydnaviruses and venom, as well

75 lt mice both channels reside in postsynaptic calyx-forming neurons, but cannot be detected in the inn

76 ir major afferent input; this preparation of calyx-free MNTB neurons allowed the effects of postsynap

77 lost from the ciliary neuron surface as the calyx grows.

78 During calyx growth but before hearing onset, MNTB cells acquir

79 xcitability to decreased excitability during calyx growth could provide a mechanism to establish the

80 sic functional and morphological features of calyx growth have not been studied previously, including

81 However, the posthearing calyx has dramatically different release properties.

82 Our data show that the calyx has reached a mature state by around P18.

83 EM reconstructions also revealed a long pre-calyx heminode, and biophysical modeling showed that exc

84 Na(+) current (I(NaP)), but measurements of calyx I(NaP) together with computer modeling indicate th

85 We found that in the absence of the calyx, IK,L in type I hair cells exhibited unique biophy

86 Both ligands are found to occupy the central calyx in a manner similar to retinol binding in retinol-

87 ith partial disruption of the characteristic calyx in beta-lactoglobulin.

88 tion of sensory input to the mushroom body's calyx in different Hymenoptera.

89 part of which approximates a mushroom body's calyx in having large numbers of microglomeruli.

90 The relevance of multimodal supply to the calyx in odorant discrimination is discussed as are comp

91 It is shown that each calyx is divided into two halves (hemicalyces), each sup

92 e of segregation of sensory input within the calyx is species-specific.

93 biological ligands in their highly conserved calyx-like cavity, among them siderophores with the stro

94 pallidal input to these neurons forms giant calyx-like synapses, we were able to record extracellula

95 ease directly onto spines from the overlying calyx lined with vesicles.

96 Access to the calyx may be regulated by movement of this loop in respo

97 In the basal ring region of the calyx, medulla neuron terminals are restricted to a smal

98 atterns form several microdomains within the calyx membrane: a synaptic domain facing the hair cell,

99 We find that labeling the calyx membranes with a lipophilic dye delivered by diffu

100 PN) innervating Kenyon cells (KCs) in the MB calyx microglomeruli and (2) the output MVP2 neuron inne

101 alyces, thereby showing a complete switch of calyx modality from olfaction to vision.

102 type I vestibular hair cells to postsynaptic calyx nerve terminals.

103 here show that cellular organization in the calyx of an evolutionarily basal neopteran, Periplaneta

104 ored the involvement of the hydrophobic core/calyx of beta-lactoglobulin in the aggregation process.

105 We demonstrate here that calyx of Held (CH) innervation of its target, which form

106 We addressed this question using the calyx of Held (CH), a large nerve terminal in the audito

107 Using the mature calyx of Held (P16-20), we report that tissue-specific a

108 Recent studies of a giant synapse - the calyx of Held - have shed new light on this issue.

109 together enable high timing precision of the calyx of Held already shortly after its formation.

110 The calyx of Held also expresses a persistent Na(+) current

111 e matching of excitatory transmission in the calyx of Held by a powerful, precision inhibitory system

112 The calyx of Held exhibits fast glutamatergic neurotransmiss

113 ude that native mature NMDAR channels at the calyx of Held have a fast time course and reduced block

114 extracellular single-unit recordings at the calyx of Held in brevican-deficient mice yielded a signi

115 ion transfer in endbulbs in the VNLL and the calyx of Held in juvenile Mongolian gerbils.

116 ynaptic terminals in goldfish retina and the calyx of Held in rat auditory brainstem.

117 rent conflict at a large nerve terminal, the calyx of Held in rat brainstem, in which recent studies

118 larger than the RRP at a nerve terminal, the calyx of Held in rat brainstem.

119 nnels, particularly P/Q-type channels at the calyx of Held in rat brainstem.

120 We have introduced the calyx of Held in the auditory brainstem as a model syste

121 aptic transmission at a central synapse, the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid bod

122 he anterior ventral cochlear nucleus and the calyx of Held in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid bod

123 Here, we show in synapses of the calyx of Held in vivo and hippocampal neurons in culture

124 Measurements of calcium at the calyx of Held indicate that deficits in synaptic modulat

125 The calyx of Held inputs degenerated within 3 days in cultur

126 The calyx of Held is a giant axosomatic terminal in the audi

127 The calyx of Held is a giant nerve terminal that forms a glu

128 The calyx of Held is an axosomatic terminal in the auditory

129 tion of synaptic vesicle (SV) release at the calyx of Held is critical for auditory processing.

130 proteins (GITs), GIT1 and GIT2, at the mouse calyx of Held leads to a large increase in AP-evoked rel

131 Here we investigated the excitability of the calyx of Held nerve terminal in dysmyelinated auditory b

132 We addressed this issue at the rat calyx of Held nerve terminal with capacitance measuremen

133 Here, we find that at calyx of Held nerve terminals in the rat auditory brains

134 We tested this in calyx of Held nerve terminals, which allow simultaneous

135 d to large specialized terminals such as the calyx of Held or hippocampal mossy fiber bouton.

136 uggesting specific localization to the large calyx of Held presynaptic endings that envelop the princ

137 subunits on a CaV2.1 null background at the calyx of Held presynaptic terminal.

138 precisely timed depolarization of the giant calyx of Held presynaptic terminal.

139 whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from rat calyx of Held presynaptic terminals, our data show, for

140 econvolution analysis of transmission at the calyx of Held showed that this acceleration of the recep

141 ective disruption of this interaction in the calyx of Held synapse decreased the size of the readily

142 l nucleus of the trapezoid body at the mouse calyx of Held synapse express functional homomeric Acid-

143 Using the calyx of Held synapse from tissue-specific dynamin-1 kno

144 However, recordings from the calyx of Held synapse have revealed severe frequency-dep

145 to the calcium dependence of release at the calyx of Held synapse in mice.

146 rdings and presynaptic Ca(2+) imaging at the calyx of Held synapse in rat brainstem slices.

147 h protein kinase C (PKC) mediates PTP at the calyx of Held synapse in the auditory brainstem before a

148 The calyx of Held synapse in the mammalian medial nucleus of

149 ds to inhibition of synaptic currents at the calyx of Held synapse in the medial nucleus of the trape

150 t astrocytes juxtaposed to the glutamatergic calyx of Held synapse in the rat medial nucleus of the t

151 We find that at the functionally mature calyx of Held synapse the Ca(2+)-dependent protein kinas

152 analyze the role of synapsins 1 and 2 in the calyx of Held synapse, allowing precise measurements of

153 es of genetic ablation of Cplx1 in the mouse calyx of Held synapse, and discovered a developmentally

154 ate the mechanism of this enhancement at the calyx of Held synapse, in which presynaptic glycine rece

155 resolved capacitance measurements at the rat calyx of Held synapse, the role of calmodulin in endocyt

156 and Ca(2+)-imaging experiments at the mouse calyx of Held synapse, to reveal the interplay between C

157 We investigated this issue at the rat calyx of Held synapse, where previous studies using whol

158 embly blocks neurotransmitter release in the calyx of Held synapse, whereas a mutant peptide that doe

159 Here, we used the mouse calyx of Held synapse, which allows simultaneous presyna

160 orms PKCalpha and PKCbeta mediate PTP at the calyx of Held synapse, with PKCbeta contributing signifi

161 isoforms PKCalpha and PKCbeta in PTP at the calyx of Held synapse.

162 esent work addressed these issues at a large calyx of Held synapse.

163 king a prolonged signaling mode, such as the calyx of Held synapse.

164 ect of glutamate transporter blockade at the calyx of Held synapse.

165 naptic vesicle exocytosis as measured in the Calyx of Held synapse.

166 currents, EPSCs, and in vivo activity at the calyx of Held synapse.

167 nce changes and the postsynaptic EPSC at rat calyx of Held synapses in the absence or presence of tra

168 In Calyx of Held synapses, this mutation causes a delay and

169 tsynaptic receptor cluster at glutamatergic, calyx of Held synapses.

170 evelop a model of synaptic depression at the calyx of Held synaptic terminal that combines many of th

171 Here we study the Na+ currents of the rat calyx of Held terminal and compare them with those of po

172 itical design features that allow the mature calyx of Held terminal to fire reliably at frequencies n

173 We have employed the calyx of Held terminal with its target, the principal ne

174 ate release during in vitro ischaemia in the calyx of Held terminal, an experimentally accessible pre

175 n received an excitatory input from a single calyx of Held terminal, and this one-to-one pattern of i

176 Using direct recordings from the rat calyx of Held terminal, we found that a fast Na(+)/K(+)-

177 in three typical forms of endocytosis at rat calyx of Held terminals by whole-cell membrane capacitan

178 rast, presynaptic receptors on glutamatergic calyx of Held terminals were composed of dispersed, homo

179 KEY POINTS: At rat calyx of Held terminals, ATP was required not only for s

180 a-syn A53T (h-alpha-synA53T) mutation at the calyx of Held terminals, where release mechanisms can be

181 exploit the unique input-specificity of the calyx of Held to characterize NO modulation at this glut

182 We have used the calyx of Held to investigate the role of presynaptic Kv1

183 -ready vesicles and was in sharp contrast to Calyx of Held transmission, which exhibited 100% reliabi

184 functionally surface-scaled versions of the calyx of Held with respect to vesicle availability, rele

185 odies and their giant presynaptic terminals (calyx of Held).

186 04C knockin, on synaptic transmission in the calyx of Held, a central synapse ideally suited for high

187 via membrane capacitance measurements at the calyx of Held, a giant glutamatergic synapse.

188 In recordings from the calyx of Held, a giant mammalian glutamatergic synapse,

189 In recordings made from the rat calyx of Held, a giant mammalian terminal, we found rest

190 Using the calyx of Held, a giant nerve terminal in the mouse brain

191 e, we use a gene-replacement strategy at the calyx of Held, a large CNS model synapse that expresses

192 preliminary studies of synaptogenesis at the calyx of Held, a large nerve terminal that selectively i

193 However, unlike the calyx of Held, at the PF-->PC synapse either PKCalpha or

194 ad little influence on EPSC amplitude at the calyx of Held, but may be associated with propagation of

195 sis at the same synaptic nerve terminal, the calyx of Held, in rats.

196 We investigated the formation of the calyx of Held, probably the largest nerve terminal in th

197 At the prehearing calyx of Held, synchronous and asynchronous release is m

198 is issue at a mammalian central synapse, the calyx of Held, using a capacitance measurement technique

199 Using the calyx of Held, we demonstrate here a large presynaptic p

200 ge mammalian central nerve terminal, the rat calyx of Held, we report for the first time that BDNF sl

201 (ET) to the study of a central terminal, the calyx of Held, we revealed an elaborate cytoskeletal sup

202 of a rat auditory glutamatergic synapse--the calyx of Held--and combined voltage-clamp recordings of

203 c transmission by activating ASIC-1as at the calyx of Held-MNTB synapse.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The ma

204 xplains stimulus-dependent depression at the calyx of Held.

205 with presynaptic Ca(2+) measurements at the calyx of Held.

206 as the neuromuscular junction and the giant calyx of Held.

207 ns of high-frequency synaptic stimuli at the calyx of Held.

208 the most powerful terminals in the CNS, the calyx of Held.

209 lutamate evoked a transporter current in the calyx of Held.

210 through the giant glutamatergic synapse, the calyx of Held.

211 l maturation, and subsequent survival of the calyx of Held.

212 pses in cultured hippocampal neurons and the calyx of Held.

213 y of high-speed synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held.

214 ediator of fast synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held.

215 , and patch pipette perfusion of EGTA at the calyx of Held.

216 generate APs in neurons postsynaptic to the calyx of Held.

217 waves at 12, 18, or 24 kV to the lower pole calyx of one kidney.

218 waves, 24 kV, or sham SWL to the lower pole calyx of one kidney.

219 air bundles in the inner ear and the ciliary calyx of photoreceptors in the eye, as an avian ortholog

220 n different fruit fractions (peel, pulp, and calyx of ripe fruits) were investigated by HPLC-DAD-APCI

221 the Odd neurons projects dendrites into the calyx of the mushroom body (MB) and axons into the infer

222 entified a group of cells that innervate the calyx of the mushroom body and could thus define a previ

223 ynaptic input from projection neurons in the calyx of the mushroom body and project axons to the cent

224 xamined the anatomy of the input region, the calyx, of the mushroom bodies of Drosophila melanogaster

225 measurements of synaptic transmission in the calyx-of-Held synapse from mutant mice in which syntaxin

226 of asynchronous neurotransmitter release in calyx-of-Held synapses.

227 Calretinin labels calyx-only afferents.

228 ed by glutamatergic signals derived from the calyx or simulated by conductance clamp were suppressed

229 cells encapsulated by a calretinin-negative calyx or type II hair cells.

230 Inner-face synapses outnumber those on calyx outer faces by a 40:1 ratio.

231 s supplying the annular zone extend from the calyx perimeter toward its center.

232 ls form a separate accessory calyx below the calyx proper.

233 structure that, similar to the entire larval calyx, receives dendritic inputs from all four MB clones

234 Accordingly, the composition of the calyx reflects the importance of vision for the animal.

235 ly, a small dendritic domain in the adult MB calyx remains as a fourfold structure that, similar to t

236 We found the P16-P19 calyx RRP consists of two pools: a fast pool (tau </= 0.

237 t a dominant parameter regulating the mature calyx RRP release kinetics is the distance between SVs a

238 vealed that Nav1.6 is already present at the calyx shortly after its formation, which was in line wit

239 The calyx showed a characteristic burst firing pattern, whic

240 Current-clamp recording from the calyx showed that each presynaptic action potential (AP)

241 hese receptors, or the ultrastructure of the calyx, spine mats, and active zones.

242 In vitro, the afferent nerve calyx surrounding type I hair cells causes unstable inte

243 he role of glutamatergic transmission at the calyx synapse is investigated.

244 inergic presynaptic nerve terminal using the calyx synapse isolated from the chick ciliary ganglion.

245 The isolated chick ciliary neuron calyx synapse preparation was used to test cysteine stri

246 Here, we show at the calyx synapse that synaptotagmin-7-dependent asynchronou

247 The neuromuscular junctions and Calyx synapses of CSPalpha-deficient mice exhibit increa

248 lly occlude each other during development of calyx synapses.

249 We also report new features of calyx synaptic organization, in particular extensive ser

250 onstrate an ancient history for the inflated calyx syndrome.

251 l period of synapse refinement from immature calyx terminal [postnatal day 5 (P5)] to after the onset

252 Direct recordings of the presynaptic calyx terminal AP waveform revealed that myelin loss doe

253 that Na+ channels are mostly absent from the calyx terminal but are instead highly concentrated in an

254 owed that exclusion of Na+ channels from the calyx terminal produces an action potential waveform wit

255 Voltage-clamp recordings from the calyx terminal revealed the expression of a resurgent Na

256 antal excitatory postsynaptic current in the calyx terminal that was causally modulated by cleft acid

257 nabinoids that activate CB1 receptors on the calyx terminal, which leads to a reduction of presynapti

258 pike-firing precision and reliability of the calyx terminal.

259 hannel KCNQ5 (Kv7.5), KCNQ4 is also found at calyx terminals ensheathing type I vestibular hair cells

260 In the chick ciliary ganglion, calyx terminals from preganglionic neurons in the midbra

261 ave driven the proliferation of postsynaptic calyx terminals in the inner ear vestibular organs of co

262 fter about 2 weeks and are then contacted by calyx terminals of vestibular neurons.

263 aining, identified the alpha3-NKA isoform on calyx terminals.

264 basal taxon, the Odonata, possess a remnant calyx that may reflect the visual ecology of this group.

265 The three main concentric divisions of each calyx (the lip, collar, and basal ring) are divided furt

266 ls sparsely and are restricted mainly to the calyx, the alpha'-lobes, and the gamma-lobes.

267 f KC somata and in restricted regions of the calyx, the neuropil of the MB.

268 were observed in the surface covered by the calyx, the number of spine aggregates, the size of acety

269 In the more mature calyx, there is a far smaller diffusional barrier attrib

270 The special adaptations that allow the calyx to drive its principal neuron even when frequencie

271 Accordingly, the increased ability of the calyx to faithfully fire during a high-frequency train a

272 hus, mGluRs may be expressed in the immature calyx to help limit glutamate release.

273 5-15 axons that converge from the rim of the calyx to its neck.

274 om the stem end of the fruit surrounding the calyx to the base of the fruit.

275 a second system of parallel fibers from the calyx to the gamma lobe.

276 air cells (VHC-I) are surrounded by a single calyx-type afferent terminal that receives input from se

277 protein kinase C modulates the Prob(Ca) at a calyx-type nerve terminal in rat brainstem.

278 We used the calyx-type nerve terminal of the chick ciliary ganglion

279 el vesicles at many terminals, including the calyx-type nerve terminal, led to a well accepted "princ

280 synaptic ultrastructure and exocytosis in a calyx-type nerve terminal.

281 s) and slow (tens of seconds) endocytosis in calyx-type nerve terminals containing conventional activ

282 both rapid and slow endocytosis at the large calyx-type synapse in 7- to 10-d-old rats and mice, and

283 provides this missing piece of evidence at a calyx-type synapse.

284 Calyx-type synapses appear to be specifically designed t

285 id, bulk, and overshoot endocytosis at large calyx-type synapses, and for slow endocytosis and bulk e

286 docrine cells, pituitary nerve terminals and calyx-type synapses.

287 h full collapse and 'kiss-and-run' fusion at calyx-type synapses.

288 ure or cell type, but is present in afferent calyxes, vestibular ganglion neurons, and both type I an

289 By dialyzing 0-1 muM calcium into the calyx via a whole-cell pipette, we found that slow endoc

290 In all successful cases, the calyx was accurately punctured.

291 bular aggregates grew from days 5 to 16, the calyx was completely disrupted and the globular aggregat

292 scar--a fixed defect with a dilated regional calyx--was seen on follow-up MAG3-F(0).

293 icle-filled projections from the presynaptic calyx were interdigitated among the spines.

294 with mutations in three residues lining the calyx were prepared: Scn-W79A/R81A and Scn-Y106F.

295 differences exist in the adult Drosophila MB calyx, where processing and integration of distinct type

296 eurons terminate in the collar region of the calyx, where they segregate into five layers that receiv

297 large hydrophobic cavity at the base of the calyx, whereas corresponding residues in NGAL restrict a

298 displays a typical lipocalin fold forming a calyx with a distinct binding pocket that is indicative

299 nses to taste compounds in the mushroom body calyx with calcium imaging reveals sparse, taste-specifi

300 s other afferents in proximal regions of the calyx (zone IIIA) that also originate from satellite neu