ライフサイエンスコーパス: carbon sink

1 was estimated at 1730 +/- 370 TgC yr(-1) (a carbon sink).

2 by terrestrial ecosystems (typically termed carbon sink).

3 rbon source, while Antarctica could become a carbon sink.

4 sent a previously undocumented but important carbon sink.

5 ts on global plant productivity and the land carbon sink.

6 0 to 140% of the net annual U.S. forest tree carbon sink.

7 , if uncertain, component of the terrestrial carbon sink.

8 pear to constrain the potential size of this carbon sink.

9 mid-latitude forests are a large terrestrial carbon sink.

10 ss primary production (GPP) to this weakened carbon sink.

11 d increased the magnitude of the terrestrial carbon sink.

12 monstrating a repetitive nature of this land carbon sink.

13 e potential consequences for the terrestrial carbon sink.

14 .4% of the total extent and a 0.22 Tg yr(-1) carbon sink.

15 thropogenic carbon emissions, termed as land carbon sink.

16 e patterns control variability in the global carbon sink.

17 stems and widespread degradation of the land carbon sink.

18 arly the most by the reduction in the forest carbon sink.

19 ing the glacial seasonal sea-ice zone into a carbon sink.

20 tic extreme that negatively affects the land carbon sink.

21 nd support the finding of a 2011 record land carbon sink.

22 just maintaining grasslands will yield a net carbon sink.

23 rowth, supporting the inference of an Amazon carbon sink.

24 ing of the processes controlling the oceanic carbon sink.

25 in the year-to-year fluctuations of the land carbon sink.

26 s in the Amazon indicate a large terrestrial carbon sink.

27 to be conserved, they would be a substantial carbon sink.

28 ilar, and sometimes more dramatic changes to carbon sinks.

29 only forest-dominated sites were consistent carbon sinks.

30 offsetting temperature-driven suppression of carbon sinks.

31 while allowing carbon dioxide and acetate as carbon sinks.

32 rent land-based assessments may overestimate carbon sinks.

33 restore coastal wetlands for enhancing blue carbon sinks.

34 hese environments represent globally largest carbon sinks.

35 ncentives, land is either a much smaller net carbon sink (+37 Pg C - Energy-Only policy) or a net sou

36 l be required to protect their role as a net carbon sink and a provider of important ecosystem servic

37 Trees represent the largest terrestrial carbon sink and a renewable source of ligno-cellulose.

38 nts suggested that the marsh was a long-term carbon sink and accumulated ~96.9 +/- 10.3 (+/-95% CI) g

39 tion by the volcano enhanced the terrestrial carbon sink and contributed to the temporary decline in

40 he phenylpropanoid pathway is a major global carbon sink and is important for plant fitness and the e

41 e strength of the temperate broadleaf forest carbon sink and its capacity to mitigate anthropogenic c

42 d energy, but wood harvesting reduces forest carbon sink and processing of wood products requires mat

43 he mid- and high latitudes became a stronger carbon sink and the tropics a stronger carbon source, ca

44 across West Antarctica mean that significant carbon sinks and negative feedbacks to climate change co

45 ediment transport and accumulation, serve as carbon sinks and provide habitat for other species.

46 untenable that grasslands act as a perpetual carbon sink, and the most likely explanation for observe

47 l to understanding the current global forest carbon sink, and to predicting how it will change in fut

48 into question the role of soils as long-term carbon sinks, and show the need for a better understandi

49 Surprisingly, we find that the global carbon sink anomaly was driven by growth of semi-arid ve

50 An exceptionally large land carbon sink anomaly was recorded in 2011, of which more

51 quality, and constitute a globally important carbon sink, are among the most vulnerable habitats on t

52 a significant suppression of the global land-carbon sink as increases in ozone concentrations affect

53 The terrestrial carbon sink, as of yet unidentified, represents 15-30% o

54 relevant regarding their respective roles as carbon sinks, as even the wildfire charcoals formed at t

55 gram = 10(15) g; negative signs are used for carbon sinks) averaged over the period studied, partly o

56 large contribution to the global terrestrial carbon sink but is also the most heavily fragmented fore

57 in NPP would not only weaken the terrestrial carbon sink, but it would also intensify future competit

58 Simply having grassland does not result is a carbon sink, but judicious management or previously poor

59 contribute a significant portion of the land carbon sink, but their ability to sequester CO2 may be c

60 at global warming will act to limit the land-carbon sink, but these first generation models neglected

61 em models (ESMs) estimate a significant soil carbon sink by 2100, yet the underlying carbon dynamics

62 e 'global dimming' period, enhanced the land carbon sink by approximately one-quarter between 1960 an

63 resulted in a strong reduction of the global carbon sink by at least 33% (2.1 Pg C yr(-1) ) from the

64 -1998 El Nino drought temporarily halted the carbon sink by increasing tree mortality, while fragment

65 Regulation of the Southern Ocean carbon sink by the wind-driven Ekman flow, mesoscale edd

66 ence, their significance as a major regional carbon sink can hardly be disputed.

67 en limitations on plant growth, altering the carbon sink capacity of frequently burning savanna grass

68 n exploring how these shifts will affect the carbon sink capacity of southeastern US forests, which w

69 The carbon sink capacity of the world's agricultural and deg

70 However, this strengthening of carbon sinks, combined with the potential for rapid clim

71 However, carbon dynamics after current carbon sink diminishes to zero differ for different demo

72 ual variability (IAV) and trends of the land carbon sink, driven largely by the El Nino-Southern Osci

73 il fuel substitution and reduction in forest carbon sink due to wood harvesting.

74 recipitation over Australia, we suggest that carbon sink episodes will exert greater future impacts o

75 Here we show that our three terrestrial carbon sink estimates are in good agreement and support

76 d model the variable coupling of silicon and carbon sinking fluxes and the spatial patterns of opal a

77 te for tropical forests may yield a weakened carbon sink from both decreased GPP and increased RE.

78 The terrestrial carbon sink has been large in recent decades, but its si

79 it is very unlikely that both land and ocean carbon sinks have decreased on a global scale.

80 (2.66 gigatonnes of carbon) or China's land carbon sink in 2000-2009 (2.6 gigatonnes of carbon).

81 -1990, released CO(2) potentially offset the carbon sink in forest trees by 9-18% over the entire Uni

82 We find the current gross carbon sink in forests recovering from harvests and aban

83 heir accumulated carbon budget switched to a carbon sink in the 1960s, sequestering an estimated 1,64

84 und-based methods agree on the presence of a carbon sink in the coterminous United States (the United

85 For the period 1980-89, we estimate a carbon sink in the coterminous United States between 0.3

86 ken together, study results suggest that the carbon sink in the southeastern United States may become

87 Several studies have suggested that the carbon sink in the Southern Ocean-the ocean's strongest

88 0.5 Pg C year(-1) partially compensated by a carbon sink in tropical forest regrowth of 1.6 +/- 0.5 P

89 ent findings have suggested that terrestrial carbon sinks in northern high-latitude regions are weake

90 idence to support the idea of a reduction of carbon sinks in northern terrestrial ecosystems.

91 , which we show here are among the strongest carbon sinks in the continental United States.

92 Carbon sinks in the model increase in response to geoeng

93 nt factor driving the increasing strength of carbon sinks in these forests.

94 constitute potentially large phenylpropanoid carbon sinks in tissues of quaking aspen (Populus tremul

95 Geographic areas with strong carbon sinks included Midwest US croplands, and forested

96 domonas plays a critical role as a principal carbon sink influencing cellular energy balance however,

97 The terrestrial carbon sink is increasing, yet the mechanisms responsibl

98 without biofuels (a No-Biofuel scenario) the carbon sink is nearly identical to the case with biofuel

99 nd the large-scale distribution of the ocean carbon sink is well quantified for recent decades.

100 Far from being a terminal carbon sink, many wall polymers can be degraded and recy

101 for this separation, revealing how the ocean carbon sink may be expected to change throughout this ce

102 osystems, the size of the annual terrestrial carbon sink may be substantially reduced, resulting in a

103 crease implies that the tropical terrestrial carbon sink may shut down sooner than current models sug

104 nge (NEE) show that the mesic site was a net carbon sink (NEE = -2.48 tonnes C ha(-1)), while interme

105 During the wet year, vegetation was a net carbon sink of 0.25 +/- 0.14 Pg C yr(-1), which is rough

106 This indicates a carbon sink of 1.3 Pg C yr(-1) (CI, 0.8-1.6) across all

107 tmosphere instead of the historical residual carbon sink of 186-192 GtC, a carbon saving of 251-274 G

108 bility of the strength of the North Atlantic carbon sink of about +/-0.3 petagrams of carbon per year

109 Land could become a large net carbon sink of about 178 Pg C over the 21st century with

110 A land carbon sink of approximately 1 Pg of C per yr is simulat

111 prene biosynthesis was by far (99%) the main carbon sink of MEP pathway intermediates in mature gray

112 Here, we estimated changes in the biomass carbon sink of natural stands throughout Canada's boreal

113 s a great potential to evaluate the role, as carbon sinks, of water-limited forests under climate cha

114 The global terrestrial carbon sink offsets one-third of the world's fossil fuel

115 The size of the 2010-11 carbon sink over Australia (0.97 Pg) was reduced to 0.48

116 he land surface has acted as a strong global carbon sink over recent decades, with a substantial frac

117 investigate the evolution of the terrestrial carbon sink over the past 30 years, with a focus on the

118 st likely explanation for observed grassland carbon sinks over short periods is legacy effects of lan

119 e between 2110 and 2260, followed by another carbon sink period.

120 can impair the capacity of forests to act as carbon sinks; prominent among these are tropospheric O3

121 hat Neotropical forests may be a significant carbon sink, reducing the rate of increase in atmospheri

122 ersistence and spatially attribution of this carbon sink remain largely unknown.

123 In contrast, temporal changes in the oceanic carbon sink remain poorly understood.

124 responsible for the exceptionally large land carbon sink reported in 2011.

125 lished forests currently function as a major carbon sink, sequestering as woody biomass about 26% of

126 We found a wide range of carbon sink/source function, with mean annual net ecosys

127 in the iron-limited Southern Ocean, whereas carbon-sinking species, when stimulated by iron fertiliz

128 In contrast, recovery of carbon sink strength after thinning, a management practi

129 Changes in tropical forest carbon sink strength during El Nino Southern Oscillation

130 third and fourth posttreatment years, annual carbon sink strength of the thinned site was higher than

131 ly thinned site showed that thinning reduced carbon sink strength only for the first two posttreatmen

132 that vegetation change could alter peatland carbon sink strength under future climate change.

133 [CO2] and fungal effects on plant growth and carbon sink strength were correlated with shifts in RBio

134 el 1 coupled carbon-climate model shows that carbon sink strengths vary with the rate of fossil fuel

135 rge decadal variations in the Southern Ocean carbon sink suggest a rather dynamic ocean carbon cycle

136 use of the observed reduction in the biomass carbon sink, suggesting that western Canada's boreal for

137 We also find a northern land carbon sink that is distributed relatively evenly among

138 y from historic land use are currently large carbon sinks, the long-term viability of those sinks dep

139 F) in the United States is currently a major carbon sink, there are uncertainties in how long the cur

140 ts imply that coastal marshes, and the major carbon sink they represent, are significantly more resil

141 ed study to characterize the Australian land carbon sink through the novel coupling of satellite retr

142 plications regarding a change from a current carbon sink to a carbon source in the boreal region.

143 microbial communities, can cause a potential carbon sink to become a carbon source.

144 d, suggesting a return of the North American carbon sink to more normal levels.

145 , suggesting sensitivity of the contemporary carbon sinks to climate extremes.

146 redicted from an increase in the terrestrial carbon sink under increased atmospheric CO(2) concentrat

147 the terrestrial biosphere acts as an overall carbon sink until about 2050, but turns into a source th

148 f variations in diffuse fraction on the land carbon sink using a global model modified to account for

149 rojected changes in ozone levels on the land-carbon sink, using a global land carbon cycle model modi

150 ation patterns may better constrain regional carbon sink variability in coupled carbon-climate models

151 We show the 2010-11 carbon sink was primarily ascribed to savannas and grass

152 sults point toward a reduction of the global carbon sink when including a more realistic representati

153 Forests have a key role as carbon sinks, which could potentially mitigate the conti

154 system models project that the tropical land carbon sink will decrease in size in response to an incr

155 ertheless, it is unclear how the terrestrial carbon sink will evolve as climate and atmospheric compo

156 re are uncertainties in how long the current carbon sink will persist and if the CHF will eventually

157 marily responsible for the contemporary U.S. carbon sink will slow over the next century, resulting i

158 000 km(2) , mangroves are globally important carbon sinks with carbon density values three to four ti

159 st lost biomass, reversing a large long-term carbon sink, with the greatest impacts observed where th

160 All approaches agreed that the current carbon sink would persist at least to 2100.

161 ve contributed to this reinvigoration of the carbon sink, yet differences in the processes between se