ライフサイエンスコーパス: carp

1 otein cardiac adriamycin-responsive protein (CARP).

2 that is highly pathogenic for koi and common carp.

3 uced gene expression compared with wild-type CARP.

4 protein (NSF), are specifically required for CARP.

5 be laterally mobilized into synapses during CARP.

6 pH-shift-based protein isolation from silver carp.

7 modulating immune cells of its natural host, carp.

8 -phosphorylated p53 is also ubiquitinated by CARPs.

9 CARP-1 also binds with anaphase-promoting complex/cyclos

10 Identification of CARP-1 as a key mediator of signaling by CD437 or adriam

11 mapping of the minimal epitopes involved in CARP-1 binding with APC-2, a fluorescence polarization a

12 CFM-4 prevents CARP-1 binding with APC-2, causes G(2)M cell cycle arres

13 Our yeast two-hybrid screen revealed CARP-1 binding with the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclo

14 n breast epithelial MCF-10A cells, elevating CARP-1 by CFM-4 and consequent apoptosis could in princi

15 adriamycin, whereas increased expression of CARP-1 causes elevated levels of cyclin-dependent kinase

16 ls, whereas antisense-dependent depletion of CARP-1 causes inhibition of apoptosis by ERRP.

17 CARP-1 contains multiple, nonoverlapping apoptosis-induc

18 , a lead compound, binds with and stimulates CARP-1 expression.

19 as serum deprivation of HBC cells, stimulate CARP-1 expression.

20 antagonists of CARP-1/APC-2 binding, termed CARP-1 functional mimetics.

21 CARP-1 interacts with 14-3-3 protein as well as causes r

22 Thus, apoptosis induction by CARP-1 involves sequestration of 14-3-3 and CARP-1-media

23 Although CARP-1 is a regulator of chemotherapy-dependent apoptosi

24 ether, data demonstrate that tyrosine 192 of CARP-1 is a target of apoptosis signaling, and CARP-1, i

25 CARP-1 is a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein, and ERRP tr

26 rosine kinase inhibitor) results in elevated CARP-1 levels, whereas antisense-dependent depletion of

27 Reduced levels of CARP-1 result in inhibition of apoptosis by CD437 or adr

28 ll cycle and apoptosis regulatory protein-1 (CARP-1), may function in the regulation of apoptosis.

29 130-kDa HBC cell perinuclear protein (termed CARP-1).

30 CARP-1, a novel apoptosis inducer, regulates apoptosis s

31 Depletion of CARP-1, however, interferes with CFM-4-dependent cell gr

32 RP-1 is a target of apoptosis signaling, and CARP-1, in turn, promotes apoptosis by activating p38 MA

33 ss of c-Myc sensitizes cells to apoptosis by CARP-1, whereas expression of c-Myc or 14-3-3 inhibits C

34 ated by wild type or CARP-1-(1-198), and not CARP-1-(1-198(Y192F)), results in activation of caspase-

35 Wild-type or CARP-1-(1-198) proteins that have substitution of tyrosi

36 addition, apoptosis mediated by wild type or CARP-1-(1-198), and not CARP-1-(1-198(Y192F)), results i

37 ereas expression of c-Myc or 14-3-3 inhibits CARP-1-dependent apoptosis.

38 CARP-1 involves sequestration of 14-3-3 and CARP-1-mediated altered expression of multiple cell cycl

39 s cause elevated tyrosine phosphorylation of CARP-1.

40 ielded several small molecule antagonists of CARP-1/APC-2 binding, termed CARP-1 functional mimetics.

41 a dissociation constant (K(d)) of 480 nm for CARP-1/APC-2 binding.

42 CARP-1/CCAR1, a perinuclear phosphoprotein, is a regulat

43 CARP-2 acts at the level of endocytic vesicles to limit

44 tue of its phospholipid-binding FYVE domain, CARP-2 localized to endocytic vesicles, where it interac

45 Knockdown of CARP-2 stabilized TNFR1-associated polyubiquitinated RIP

46 We report that CARP-2, a RING domain-containing ubiquitin protein ligas

47 CARP, a transcription coinhibitor, is a member of the ti

48 ndicating resistance strength increased with carp abundance.

49 ; median, 5th and 95th percentiles) of Asian carp access, while electric and acoustic-bubble-strobe b

50 Common carp accounts for a substantial proportion of global fre

51 on with a hypoallergenic mutant of the major carp allergen protect against allergic symptoms in sensi

52 The common carp alpha1-PI effectively reduced autolytic degradation

53 The common carp alpha1-PI showed high thermal stability with denatu

54 In addition, both CARP and ARPP are proposed to have regulatory functions,

55 l samples of Ikan pekasam made from Javanese carp and black tilapia, that had undergone either natura

56 Of the remaining clones, caveolin, CARP and CHAMP have been shown to inhibit remodelling of

57 Allosteric effectors were used to direct carp and chemically modified human hemoglobins into the

58 nduced differential distribution patterns of CARP and DARP: staining for both proteins was increased

59 s the causative agent of a lethal disease of carp and encodes for an Il10 homolog (ORF134).

60 owever, fish of the genus Carassius (crucian carp and goldfish) have evolved a specialized metabolic

61 5) against a fully conserved epitope between carp and human alpha-syn.

62 hanism that involves the regulatory proteins CarP and integration host factor.

63 summarizes the current state of knowledge of CARP and its regulation in biological systems.

64 sviruses 1 and 3 (CyHV1 and CyHV3) in common carp and koi and cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV2) in goldf

65 tion Hg(2+) ions from samples of tap waters, carp and saltwater fishes with satisfactory results.

66 elivery of GluR2-containing receptors during CARP and thus regulate the calcium permeability of AMPA

67 Divergence between grass carp and zebrafish is estimated to have occurred 49-54 m

68 candidate modifier genes to ITGA8, C10orf97 (CARP) and PTER.

69 tamination Assessment and Reduction Project (CARP) and were analyzed via Positive Matrix Factorizatio

70 New markers for black carp, grass carp, and a common carp/goldfish are reported and detail

71 diac hypertrophy (atrial natriuretic factor, CARP, and beta-myosin heavy chain), uncoupling protein 2

72 een zebrafish and medaka, common carp, grass carp, and goldfish to study the genome evolution events

73 n originally suspected such as bream, common carp, and roach.

74 CARP, ankrd-2/Arpp, and DARP, are three members of a con

75 Among these, cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP, ankrd1) expression was markedly and persistently e

76 of the cardiac ankyrin repeat protein gene (Carp/Ankrd1) models CHD reported in humans with partial

77 ary members, cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), Ankyrin Repeat Domain 2 (ARPP), and diabetes-rela

78 ns (GEE) tested the association between anti-CarP antibodies and longitudinal HAQ and DAS28 scores.

79 Our results suggest that anti-CarP antibodies might provide additional prognostic info

80 ACPA and anti-CarP antibodies were measured on stored serum samples ob

81 Anti-CarP antibodies were positive in 460 patients (23%), and

82 ive and rheumatoid arthritis subgroups, anti-CarP antibodies were significantly associated with DAS28

83 to investigate the association between anti-CarP antibodies, disability, and disease activity in the

84 w set of antibodies, anti-carbamylated (anti-CarP) antibodies, have been identified in patients with

85 Patients who were anti-CarP antibody positive had significantly more disability

86 CARP appears to be the rat homolog of a previously repor

87 CARP appears to function as a negative regulator of card

88 ITGA8 and CARP are biologically plausible candidates as they are i

89 Because CARPs are overexpressed in cancer and their silencing re

90 Furthermore, CARPs are rapidly cleaved during apoptosis.

91 Caspase 8/10-associated RING proteins (CARPs) are a recently described family of protein ubiqui

92 c analysis suggests that at least one of the CARPs arose from a gene fusion.

93 ene encoding cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), as a novel candidate gene for dilated cardiomyopa

94 x2-5 either directly or indirectly regulates carp at the transcriptional level.

95 rticles were detected in diseased farmed koi carp, ayu, and Atlantic salmon, their genetic relationsh

96 The M184I mutation results in loss of CARP binding with Talin 1 and FHL2, and the P105S mutati

97 pecies richness was halved in lakes in which carp biomass exceeded 190 kg ha(-1) .

98 cover and richness declined exponentially as carp biomass increased such that plant cover was reduced

99 editing tools, are employed to target common carp bone-related genes sp7, runx2, bmp2a, spp1, opg, an

100 laminergic and serotoninergic neurons in the carp brain.

101 oil-in-water emulsions fortified with common carp (C. carpio) roe protein hydrolysate (CRPH) were exa

102 Co-transfection assays indicate that CARP can negatively regulate an HF-1-TK minimal promoter

103 ntextually appropriate response perspective (CARP) can be judged, in part, by its potential to stimul

104 ct transgene expression under control of the CARP (cardiac ankyrin repeat protein) promoter, which is

105 ctors, a nuclear ankyrin-like repeat protein CARP (cardiac ankyrin repeat protein) was isolated from

106 ctin, titin, cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP), cardiac-specific RNA-helicase activated by MEF2C

107 The cloned full-length 1749 nucleotide CARP cDNA encodes a 319-amino acid 40-kDa polypeptide co

108 cyhv3Il10 exerts any biological activity on carp cells.

109 fold with 4.97% recovery from the viscera of carp Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal) by ammonium sulfate prec

110 Four fish species were examined: pike, carp, cod, and herring.

111 In this study, using purified carp cone membrane preparations, we first confirmed that

112 The lower effectiveness of PDE activation in carp cones is due partly to the fact that the activation

113 vated visual pigment (R*) is 5-fold lower in carp cones than in rods.

114 These findings indicate that CARP could play a unique role in therapeutic angiogenesi

115 ng black carp (Mylpharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bighead carp (Hypophthal

116 highly invasive fish in Europe) by resident carp Cyprinus carpio was tested in experimental mesocosm

117 een quantitative PCR assay to observe Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) eDNA degradation in laboratory

118 The common carp (Cyprinus carpio) as one of the most important aqua

119 ure and trophic state on the decay of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio) eDNA was evaluated using lake wat

120 e we investigated the effects of exposure of carp (Cyprinus carpio) primary hepatocytes to the human

121 fication of proteinase inhibitor from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) sarcoplasmic proteins resulted in

122 Carp (Cyprinus carpio), although closely related to zebr

123 r carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and goldfish (Carassius auratus)

124 inbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

125 muscle and gonad tissues of marketed common carp (Cyprinus carpio).

126 The common carp, Cyprinus carpio, is one of the most important cypr

127 e central nervous system (CNS) of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, with the aim of comparing its ana

128 ewater, landfill leachate, and biosolids (NY CARP data set) to determine whether peri and peri/latera

129 rotein (MARP) genes (myoD, myogenin, MLP and CARP) depended both on peak muscle stress achieved durin

130 ce-dependent manner in cardiac myocytes, and CARP displays a transcriptional inhibitory activity when

131 In regions dominated by carp (e.g., Great Plains), carp had a stronger impact on

132 Common Carp eDNA concentration followed a pattern of exponentia

133 t tested the effect of temperature on Common Carp eDNA decay.

134 in laboratory mesocosms, our rate of Common Carp eDNA detection decreased over time.

135 In this experiment, Common Carp eDNA exhibited biphasic exponential decay, characte

136 Common Carp eDNA exhibited exponential decay that increased wit

137 strain adheres to epithelioma papillosum of carp (EPC) cells 3 to 5 times more extensively than the

138 tes amassed from 2000+ lakes, we showed that carp exceeded this biomass level in 70.6% of Great Plain

139 ansfer leads to a high vascular density, and CARP exerts effects on endothelial behavior.

140 that alpha(1)-adrenergic signaling regulates CARP expression in cardiac myocytes, in part through the

141 Throughout cardiac development, CARP expression is specific for the myocardium; endocard

142 Long-term inhibition of CARP expression results in suppression of cancer cell gr

143 During murine embryogenesis, endogenous carp expression was first clearly detected as early as E

144 In Nkx2-5(-/-)embryos, carp expression was found to be significantly and select

145 romoter, which suggests that Nkx2.5 controls CARP expression, at least in part, through GATA-4.

146 sitized with recombinant wildtype Cyp c 1 or carp extract by intragastric gavage.

147 tionally washed minces from kilka and silver carp fillets; either alone or after blending.

148 on and GST-CARP pulldown studies reveal that CARP forms a physical complex with YB-1 in cardiac myocy

149 The CARP gene encodes a nuclear co-regulator for cardiac gen

150 alpha(1)-adrenergic signaling activates the CARP gene, a 660 bp fragment of the mouse CARP promoter

151 e cardiac-restricted ankyrin repeat protein (CARP) gene as a model system to study these mechanisms.

152 me, and open avenues for facilitating common carp genetic studies and breeding.

153 We believe that the grass carp genome could serve as an initial platform for breed

154 hly efficient tools for modifying the common carp genome, and open avenues for facilitating common ca

155 ers for black carp, grass carp, and a common carp/goldfish are reported and details of the marker tes

156 New markers for black carp, grass carp, and a common carp/goldfish are reporte

157 nalysis between zebrafish and medaka, common carp, grass carp, and goldfish to study the genome evolu

158 ions dominated by carp (e.g., Great Plains), carp had a stronger impact on plant richness than human

159 Since CARP has been reported to be a transcriptional co-repres

160 When fused to a GAL4 DNA-binding domain, CARP has transcriptional inhibitory properties in noncar

161 enome and long generation-time of the common carp have made its breeding and genetic studies extremel

162 Exposure of the primary carp hepatocytes to the pharmaceuticals ibuprofen (IBU),

163 Omnivorous fish species (carp, herring) contained more TGs than did predatory one

164 kilka (Clupeonella cultriventris) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) affected dynamic rheo

165 ad carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), common carp (Cyprinu

166 obin (Mb) and haemoglobin (Hb), from bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), during 9 days of iced

167 rass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), silver carp (Hypophth

168 Similar to mammalian IL-10, carp Il10 acts through a signaling pathway involving pho

169 ecretome and is structurally very similar to carp Il10 and also human IL10.

170 urrent study, we investigated the effects of carp Il10 on phagocytes and lymphocytes.

171 Overall, carp Il10 shares several prototypical activities with ma

172 Carp Il10 shares several prototypical inhibitory activit

173 is suggests that, under these circumstances, carp Il10 stimulates a subset of CD8+ memory T cells whi

174 ddition to the regulatory effect on T cells, carp Il10 stimulates proliferation, differentiation, and

175 l10 is biologically active and, similarly to carp Il10, signals via a conserved Stat3 pathway modulat

176 s that cyhv3Il10 is a true viral ortholog of carp Il10.

177 ed minces, respectively, of kilka and silver carp improved physico-mechanical properties of the resul

178 ere it is sequestered by the adaptor protein CARP in a multiprotein complex together with PLCbeta1.

179 Overexpression of CARP in cardiomyocytes suppresses cardiac troponin C and

180 ontrast to previous studies using the common carp, in which temperature-specific MyHC isoform genes w

181 ifestation of behavioral fever in the common carp infected by cyprinid herpesvirus 3, a native carp p

182 Four days after infection, CARP-infected sponges in rats showed a remarkable increa

183 e showed many more LacZ-positive cells in Ad-CARP-infected sponges than in virus controls.

184 tion experiments in HeLa cells indicate that CARP inhibits Nkx2.5 transactivation of atrial natriuret

185 y of 17 proposed strategies to prevent Asian carp invasion of the Laurentian Great Lakes via the hydr

186 Thus, CARP is a YB-1 associated factor and represents the firs

187 y cell types including vascular endothelium, CARP is also a structural component of the sarcomere.

188 The grass carp is an important farmed fish, accounting for approxi

189 Following observations that CARP is differentially expressed in the Spalax muscle in

190 and RNase protection assays, suggesting that carp is downstream of the homeobox gene Nkx2-5 in the ca

191 However, because CARP is in a group of fetal genes activated in the adult

192 In mouse and human models, CARP is induced during wound healing, denervation, neuro

193 tes and immunostaining shows that endogenous CARP is localized in the cardiac myocyte nucleus.

194 Cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP) is a nuclear transcription cofactor that is activa

195 rtain genes (such as myoD, myogenin, MLP and CARP) is sensitive to muscle stress while another (Arpp/

196 The malformations in Carp-Lbh transgenic mice reflect impaired pulmonary outf

197 sion were also observed in embryonic day 9.5 Carp-Lbh transgenic mice.

198 isms using the carp monocytic cell line CLC (carp leukocyte culture).

199 In carp liver, cold induces an 8- to 10-fold increase in sp

200 Carp maintained at 24 degrees C died from the infection,

201 unusual cellular distribution and actions of CARP make it a novel candidate gene in tissue repair.

202 ant vertebrates, painted turtles and crucian carp, meet the challenge of variable oxygen in fundament

203 We conclude that the CARP model is an efficient method for predicting catastr

204 d truth data generated by simulations of the CARP model with known parameters.

205 of M. marinum virulence mechanisms using the carp monocytic cell line CLC (carp leukocyte culture).

206 There were no stages when CARP mRNA could not be detected.

207 that alpha(1)-adrenergic signaling activates CARP mRNA expression in rat cardiac myocytes.

208 The pattern and timing of CARP mRNA expression, including transient expression in

209 Northern analysis revealed that carp mRNA is highly enriched in the adult heart, with on

210 CARP mRNA is present at the earliest stages of cardiac m

211 cyprinid fishes are present, including black carp (Mylpharyngodon piceus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngod

212 s demonstrate that coral acid-rich proteins (CARPs) not only bind Ca(2+) stoichiometrically but also

213 To examine the effects of CARP on wound healing, we developed an adenoviral CARP v

214 The carp osteocalcin antibodies, cross-reactive to other spe

215 Using an immunoassay for carp osteocalcin, we determined that the relative conten

216 We have characterized the Cyprinus carpio (carp) osteocalcin for mineral binding to hydroxyapatite,

217 CARP overexpression in wounds by adenoviral gene transfe

218 fatty acid binding protein (beta-barrel) and carp parvalbumin (alpha-helical).

219 We present here the study of a mutant of carp parvalbumin bearing a single tryptophan residue at

220 infected by cyprinid herpesvirus 3, a native carp pathogen.

221 l antibody, but no correlation with the anti-carp PAV monoclonal antibody.

222 CARPs physically interact with and ubiquitinate p53, tar

223 alysis shows that the introduction of common carp played a key role in driving a severe reduction in

224 The carp primary hepatocyte model serves as a useful system

225 x2-5 either directly or indirectly regulates carp promoter activity during in vivo cardiogenesis as w

226 se mice demonstrate the novel utility of the CARP promoter as an inducible element responsive to path

227 (1)-adrenergic signaling, bound to the mouse CARP promoter at several sites as determined by gel mobi

228 actors is required for basal activity of the CARP promoter in cardiac myocytes.

229 ors could not potentiate the response of the CARP promoter to alpha(1)-adrenergic stimulation.

230 he CARP gene, a 660 bp fragment of the mouse CARP promoter was cloned.

231 Previous reports suggested that the mouse CARP promoter was dependent on the GATA4 transcription f

232 GATA4 transcription factor whereas the human CARP promoter was dependent on transcriptional enhancer

233 Finally, a carp promoter-lacZ transgene, which displays cardiac-spe

234 minant negative mutant Nkx2-5 construct with CARP promoter-luciferase reporter constructs in cardiac

235 lines of transgenic mouse harboring various CARP promoter/lacZ reporters, we have identified distinc

236 Five antioxidant peptides were identified in carp protein ex vivo and in vitro hydrolysates: FIKK, HL

237 with antioxidant properties released during carp protein ex vivo and in vitro hydrolysis by human/po

238 When CH was added to a silver carp protein isolate prior to gelation, the gel behavior

239 Intracellular localization of mutant CARP proteins is not altered.

240 Carp proteins were more resistant to hydrolysis by porci

241 Co-immunoprecipitation and GST-CARP pulldown studies reveal that CARP forms a physical

242 unidirectional Rb+ flux analysis in crucian carp red blood cells (RBCs).

243 Model parameters showed that carp reduced species richness to a similar degree across

244 We identify a chromosome fusion in grass carp relative to zebrafish and report frequent crossover

245 es undergo near-suspended animation, whereas carp remain active and responsive in the absence of oxyg

246 Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is a member of the aquareovirus gen

247 Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) is a member of the Aquareovirus gen

248 nstruct a backbone model of the entire grass carp reovirus capsid and provide valuable functional ins

249 ar-atomic-resolution cryoEM map of the grass carp reovirus virion, a member of the Aquareovirus genus

250 es 11-cis-retinal from 11-cis-retinol in the carp retina.

251 teady and flickering light adaptation in the carp retina.

252 he potential of converting the soft textured carp roe mass into stable fish roe powder with superior

253 thesis in liver is associated with the grass carp's adaptation from a carnivorous to an herbivorous d

254 zebrafish cytokines and for the isolation of carp serum, which are essential components of the medium

255 In this area, CARP sheds new light on some old problems.

256 -osteocalcin from 2 pufferfish compared with carp shows that there are many conserved features in tel

257 CARP silencing stimulates p53 expression and promotes do

258 With CRISPR-Cas9, the two common carp sp7 genes, sp7a and sp7b, were mutated individually

259 We also identified DNA from one Asian carp species invasive to the Great Lakes but that had no

260 microcosms and quantitative PCR for a Common Carp-specific genetic marker in two experiments.

261 Seven days after TAC, CARP-ssARKct hearts had elevations in left ventricular m

262 ugh ssARK1 was increased in the hypertrophic CARP-ssARKct mice, the in vivo loss of ssAR responsivene

263 Consistent with this, adult CARP-ssARKct transgenic mice have normal in vivo cardiac

264 ARPs is induced upon injury and hypertrophy (CARP), stretch or denervation (ankrd2/Arpp), and during

265 s (KHV), a highly virulent disease affecting carp that emerged in the late 1990s, is a serious threat

266 We showed previously in carp that more light (>100-fold) is required in cones th

267 aspases-8- and -10-associated RING proteins (CARPs)] that bind to and negatively regulate DED caspase

268 In mice deficient for both MLP and CARP the chronic PKCalpha signalling chain at the interc

269 CARP thus represents the first example of a cardiac-rest

270 mic status differences in behavior and apply CARP to broader, policy-relevant issues in criminology.

271 ury-old invasion, the introduction of common carp to North America, to illustrate potential consequen

272 e the Cascading Alternating Renewal Process (CARP) to forecast interconnected global risks.

273 (p.c.) embryos, and in 8.5-day p.c. embryos CARP transcripts are present in uniformly high levels in

274 CARP transcripts are prominent in cardiogenesis and musc

275 Ad-CARP treatment also induced neovascularization and incre

276 on wound healing, we developed an adenoviral CARP vector to treat subcutaneously implanted sponges in

277 When overexpressed, CARPs, via an IAP-like RING domain, can contribute to th

278 ovirus (SHRV) (SHRV-G), or spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) (SVCV-G), elicited protective immunity

279 viruses, chandipura virus and spring viremia carp virus.

280 ing model selection analysis, we showed that carp was a key driver of plant species richness along wi

281 subcellular) changes in the outer retina of carp was assessed.

282 stry and in situ hybridization revealed that CARP was expressed in skeletal muscle, vessel wall, hair

283 Quantitative RT-PCR showed that CARP was strongly induced during the first day after wou

284 69 BMFs from 19 species (primarily trout and carp) was developed from the literature.

285 , desmin and cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP) was evident in rat cardiomyocytes expressing MYPN(

286 Cardiac ankyrin repeat protein (CARP) was identified by subtractive hybridization as one

287 calcium-permeable AMPA receptor plasticity (CARP), we examined whether AMPA receptor exchange was me

288 rates of consensus ankyrin repeat proteins (CARPs), we find a clear increase in folding rates with i

289 Using CARP, we also demonstrate estimation using a disparate d

290 location and reduced binding of Y20C-MYPN to CARP were demonstrated using in vitro and in vivo system

291 markers were orthologous to genes in common carp, which had four rounds of WGD.

292 yprinid herpesvirus 3 infects common and koi carp, which have PKZ, and encodes the ORF112 protein tha

293 t of major economic losses in common and koi carp worldwide.

294 report frequent crossovers between the grass carp X and Y chromosomes.