ライフサイエンスコーパス: caterpillar

1 chewing caterpillars and specialist chewing caterpillars).

2 mposition and traits of lepidopteran larvae (caterpillars).

3 d caterpillars with inocula as low as 20 CFU/caterpillar.

4 which in turn attract natural enemies of the caterpillar.

5 of a fungus (Ophiocordyceps sinensis) and a caterpillar.

6 dly and gained the same mass as unthreatened caterpillars.

7 s and found that they facilitated tiger moth caterpillars.

8 tively associated with volume of provisioned caterpillars.

9 wth and reproduction of later season tussock caterpillars.

10 re expressed in multiple tissues of infected caterpillars.

11 nal soft-tissue movements in freely crawling caterpillars.

12 as been reported for climbing larvae such as caterpillars.

13 ecies, genera and families than do temperate caterpillars.

14 irst fatty acid amide elicitor identified in caterpillars.

15 in photosynthesis as the area removed by the caterpillars.

16 as large as the area directly damaged by the caterpillars.

17 rent "bitter" taste stimuli in Manduca sexta caterpillars.

18 specific "bitter" compounds in Manduca sexta caterpillars.

19 + is the principal cation, by far, in living caterpillars.

20 es to eversion of the tentacle organs of the caterpillars.

21 efits, why have eyespots not evolved in more caterpillars?

22 es, as follows: 231 (73.8%) dome, 36 (11.5%) caterpillar, 31 (9.9%) wavy, and 15 (4.8%) splitting.

23 urgitant of Spodoptera exigua (beet armyworm caterpillars) activates the emission of volatile organic

24 communities varied over time (that is, with caterpillar age) and differed between frass and whole ca

25 cies), butterfly population and development (caterpillar age) on the composition and diversity of the

26 Here we show that some caterpillars also exhibit sonic displays.

27 ttern of emission, even after removal of the caterpillars, although emission was in somewhat smaller

28 and the strength of bird predation across 41 caterpillar and eight tree species.

29 and these differences in chemistry predicted caterpillar and parasitoid community structure among hos

30 Thus, phytochemistry potentially shapes caterpillar and wasp community composition and geographi

31 esistance against herbivory by spider mites, caterpillars and aphids, and against the necrotrophic fu

32 ble-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses that attack caterpillars and differ from all other viruses by induci

33 tally manipulated numbers of feeding tussock caterpillars and found that they facilitated tiger moth

34 displayed by hundreds of species of tropical caterpillars and pupae-26 examples of which are displaye

35 lts from selection against eyespots in small caterpillars and selection for eyespots in large caterpi

36 guilds (piercing aphids, generalist chewing caterpillars and specialist chewing caterpillars).

37 that an apparent mutualism between lycaenid caterpillars and their attendant ants may not be all it

38 ment times, developmental asynchrony between caterpillars and wasps, and complete wasp mortality.

39 sures to study a complex community of trees, caterpillars, and birds, we found a robust positive asso

40 eracting alfalfa, chemical defense, armyworm caterpillars, and parasitoid wasps.

41 ost-plant dependence varies among species of caterpillars, and that some parasitoid species are thems

42 udworm (Heliothis virescens), and velvetbean caterpillar (Anticarsia gemmatalis).

43 We hypothesize that if tropical forest caterpillars are climate and resource specialists, then

44 Sonic caterpillars are found in many distantly-related groups

45 ents with avian predators and twig-mimicking caterpillars as masqueraders to investigate (i) the evol

46 calculated per lepidopteran family or for a caterpillar assemblage as a whole.

47 We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric New Guinean fi

48 y methods were used to determine the role of caterpillar-associated bacteria in mediating defenses in

49 nd piercing-sucking insects, but the role of caterpillar-associated bacteria in regulating plant indu

50 rpillars and selection for eyespots in large caterpillars (at least in some microhabitats).

51 an site, we found a significant reduction in caterpillar availability, the main food source of blue t

52 Here, we show that a specialist caterpillar (biting-chewing herbivore) and a specialist

53 ngly signaled species), but was unrelated to caterpillar body size.

54 a and 33% of 61 species of silk and hawkmoth caterpillars (Bombycoidea) produced sounds.

55 ssful phagocytosis by host hemocytes, killed caterpillars both at 37 degrees C and 30 degrees C.

56 We found that the intact and lat-ablated caterpillars both generalized the salicin-habituation to

57 o develop within the bodies of fruit-feeding caterpillars but do develop in caterpillars feeding on L

58 f Galleria mellonella (the greater wax moth) caterpillar by C. neoformans to develop an invertebrate

59 gation with glutamine are carried out by the caterpillar by using glutamine of insect origin.

60 rds reduced the frequency dietary generalist caterpillars by 24%, while ants had no effect.

61 tussock caterpillars facilitated tiger moth caterpillars by mechanisms independent of litter.

62 Infection of susceptible host caterpillars by the polydnavirus Campoletis sonorensis i

63 We conclude that DNO secretions of lycaenid caterpillars can manipulate attendant ant behavior by al

64 ly found that when two species of folivorous caterpillars co-occurred on a shared host plant, feeding

65 r specialization of host plant ranges within caterpillar communities.

66 Generalist caterpillars consumed 32% more leaf tissue, gained 13% g

67 ated microbes were reflected in the feces of caterpillars consuming the same plants.

68 eneralization in both intact and lat-ablated caterpillars could only be predicted by temporal coding.

69 mprove our understanding of the mechanics of caterpillar crawling.

70 eps of both terpenoid pathways were lower in caterpillar-damaged leaves.

71 were additive, with birds and ants reducing caterpillar density by 44% and 20% respectively.

72 combined effects of birds and ants on total caterpillar density were additive, with birds and ants r

73 O2 caused decreased plant quality, decreased caterpillar development times, developmental asynchrony

74 found a robust positive association between caterpillar diet breadth (phylodiversity of host plants

75 e effects of sample type (frass versus whole caterpillar), diet (plant species), butterfly population

76 Considering the canalization of caterpillar diets, evolution to attack and feed on snail

77 tructure, and fast transit times that typify caterpillar digestive physiology may prevent microbial c

78 Caterpillars (e.g., Manduca sexta) detect these compound

79 y fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda, FAW) caterpillars emit a blend of volatiles dominated by terp

80 t outbreaks of the defoliating autumnal moth caterpillar (Epirrita autumnata).

81 iction with correspondingly patterned model "caterpillars" exposed to avian predation in the field.

82 We failed to find evidence that tussock caterpillars facilitated tiger moth caterpillars by mech

83 ike receptors, or two members of the NLR/Nod/Caterpillar family, Nod1 and Nod2.

84 peritrophic matrix was severely damaged when caterpillars fed on resistant maize plants or transgenic

85 ts: amounts of JA in parasite vines grown on caterpillar-fed and control plants were similar.

86 de that the toxic protein RIP2 is induced by caterpillar feeding and is one of a potential suite of p

87 Caterpillar feeding induces resistance through the jasmo

88 The adverse effects of caterpillar feeding on photosynthesis were found to exte

89 ts the production of nicotine induced by the caterpillar feeding on the plant.

90 uorescence and used it to map the effects of caterpillar feeding on whole-leaf photosynthesis in wild

91 Plants release volatiles in response to caterpillar feeding that attract natural enemies of the

92 the 33-kDa cysteine protease in response to caterpillar feeding, and its ability to damage the insec

93 Also, caterpillar feeding, but not mechanical wounding, induce

94 ique 33-kDa cysteine protease in response to caterpillar feeding.

95 tively correlated with the number of tussock caterpillars feeding on each bush.

96 fruit-feeding caterpillars but do develop in caterpillars feeding on LA-treated fruit.

97 f the principal groups of natural enemies of caterpillars feeding on plants.

98 ormance of Rothschildia lebeau (Saturniidae) caterpillars feeding on the host plant Casearia nitida (

99 Recently, we showed that the Makes Caterpillar Floppy-like MARTX effector domain (MCFVv) is

100 s) leaf infestation by Spodoptera littoralis caterpillars for the root-feeding larvae of the beetle D

101 conducted a larval rearing experiment where caterpillars from two populations were fed plant tissue

102 al nectary organ (DNO) of Narathura japonica caterpillars function to reduce the locomotory activitie

103 The caterpillar fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a medicina

104 to herbivory than in the wild type, because caterpillars gain less weight on the mutant, indicating

105 r infection of eukaryotic cell lines and the caterpillar Galleria mellonella as an in vivo infection

106 ort, we determined that the greater wax moth caterpillar Galleria mellonella is a convenient nonmamma

107 Extreme winter warming and caterpillar grazing suppressed the CO2 fluxes of the eco

108 warming event were not affected by the moth caterpillar grazing, while those that were not exposed t

109 reme winter warming events and again by moth caterpillar grazing.

110 ns were hotter, drier and more variable; (2) caterpillar growth and development were reduced; and (3)

111 Furthermore, caterpillar growth and survival were negatively correlat

112 s correlated with a significant reduction in caterpillar growth that resulted from impaired nutrient

113 against fall armyworm significantly retarded caterpillar growth.

114 disruption of peritrophic matrix may reduce caterpillar growth.

115 d by insect feeding, resist digestion in the caterpillar gut and are eliminated in the frass.

116 age) on the composition and diversity of the caterpillar gut microbial communities, and secondly, to

117 t (although possibly dead or dormant) in the caterpillar gut, but host-specific, resident symbionts a

118 ctive proenzyme that can be processed in the caterpillar gut.

119 ified by RIVET did not affect persistence in caterpillar guts but led to impaired pathogenesis.

120 me methods, the microbes that we detected in caterpillar guts were unusually low-density and variable

121 Many caterpillars have conspicuous eye-like markings, called

122 Caterpillars have long been used as models for studying

123 All caterpillars have silk glands, but none are known to use

124 hether specific salivary components from the caterpillar Helicoverpa zea might be responsible for thi

125 's plume (Stanleya pinnata) protects it from caterpillar herbivory because of deterrence and toxicity

126 ave identified a maize gene that responds to caterpillar herbivory by producing a chemical defense si

127 In response to caterpillar herbivory, alfalfa and related plant species

128 iana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) with caterpillar herbivory, application of methyl jasmonate,

129 nisms likely render microbes unnecessary for caterpillar herbivory.

130 Differences in parasitism among particular caterpillar-host plant combinations could select for spe

131 nships between some braconid wasps and their caterpillar hosts largely by suppressing or misdirecting

132 gies associated with ichnovirus infection of caterpillar hosts.

133 Caterpillars illustrate the potential ecological and evo

134 y induce resistance against Pieris brassicae caterpillars in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plant

135 constitutive resistance against P. brassicae caterpillars in combination with a strong growth attenua

136 ts of insect exocrine secretions produced by caterpillars in modulating the behavior of attendant ant

137 However, densities of tussock caterpillars in summer were positively correlated with d

138 in streams across the Hawaiian Islands, some caterpillars in the endemic moth genus Hyposmocoma are t

139 resulted in increased numbers of tiger moth caterpillars in the following spring, indicating a causa

140 en plant phytochemistry and host-specialized caterpillars in the genus Eois (Geometridae: Larentiinae

141 zed the gut microbiomes of wild leaf-feeding caterpillars in the United States and Costa Rica, repres

142 nd ants preyed selectively upon small-bodied caterpillars (increasing mean caterpillar length by 6%).

143 Caterpillar-induced nocturnal volatiles, which are enric

144 The caterpillar-induced plant volatiles have been reported t

145 s study provides the first identification of caterpillar-induced plant volatiles that attract conspec

146 Caterpillar-induced resistance is associated with a lowe

147 e preferentially attracted to dead and dying caterpillars infected with B. bassiana, landing on them

148 After CMN establishment caterpillar infestation on 'donor' plant led to increase

149 ic syndrome caused by envenomation with this caterpillar is discussed.

150 CYP6B proteins in two species of swallowtail caterpillars is associated with the probability of encou

151 resident microbiomes in larval Lepidoptera (caterpillars) is lacking, despite the fact that these in

152 ed volicitin and isolated from beet armyworm caterpillars, is a key component in plant recognition of

153 Caterpillar larvae of the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigu

154 pon large-bodied caterpillars (reducing mean caterpillar length by 12%) and ants preyed selectively u

155 n small-bodied caterpillars (increasing mean caterpillar length by 6%).

156 anobelt crystals are formed gradually on the caterpillar-like crystal surface and the film growth sho

157 , F16CuPc thin films are composed of uniform caterpillar-like crystals.

158 s of the polymer are examined here: a linear caterpillar-like structure and a coiled helical structur

159 Accidents with the caterpillar Lonomia obliqua are often associated with a

160 t the effects of warming on the western tent caterpillar (Malacosoma californicum pluviale).

161 , we examined warming effects on forest tent caterpillar (Malacosoma disstria) and host trees aspen (

162 necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the caterpillar Mamestra brassicae In addition, root and sho

163 ments, we document that the tobacco hornworm caterpillar, Manduca sexta, reduced feeding by 30-40% ow

164 sts in digestive processes, and protects the caterpillar midgut from physical and chemical damage, di

165 these hypotheses, we exposed small and large caterpillar models with and without eyespots in a 2 x 2

166 ibraries from two venomous structures of the caterpillar, namely the tegument and the bristle.

167 ts for recent experimental results on social caterpillars not only confirming this coexistence, but a

168 Here, we show that two species of caterpillar obtain protection from an avian predator by

169 f-medication and illness-induced anorexia in caterpillars of the African armyworm (Spodoptera exempta

170 ive secretion produced by glandular hairs of caterpillars of the cabbage butterfly, Pieris rapae.

171 Caterpillars of the generalist herbivore Spodoptera exig

172 e conducted an experiment on field-collected caterpillars of the model species Manduca sexta Antibiot

173 The caterpillars of two species are generalist grass-eaters;

174 -hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine], present in caterpillar oral secretions.

175 Here, we compare caterpillar-parasitoid interactions across a broad gradi

176 Da cysteine protease on the structure of the caterpillar peritrophic matrix.

177 ed egg masses and larvae of the western tent caterpillar placed on branches of red alder in the field

178 ponse to elicitors in the oral secretions of caterpillars, plants produce and release volatile chemic

179 in component glucose oxidase from inoculated caterpillars played an important role in elevating tomat

180 advantage of suppressing GLV production, as caterpillars preferably consumed leaf tissue from plants

181 Birds and ants also partitioned caterpillar prey by diet breadth.

182 en the breeding times of the birds and their caterpillar prey.

183 Caterpillars produce oral secretions that may serve as c

184 tendant ants may not be all it seems, as the caterpillars produce secretions that modify the brains a

185 Caterpillars, pupae, and foodplants offer better disting

186 otease, expressed the protease and growth of caterpillars reared on the transgenic callus was reduced

187 st plant, feeding by early season tiger moth caterpillars reduced the growth and reproduction of late

188 Birds preyed selectively upon large-bodied caterpillars (reducing mean caterpillar length by 12%) a

189 antities of volatile organic compounds after caterpillar regurgitant application.

190 On the basis of the finding that caterpillar regurgitant can reduce the amount of toxic n

191 s when mechanically damaged and induced with caterpillar regurgitant than seedlings not exposed to GL

192 edlings with two injured leaves treated with caterpillar regurgitant.

193 was present in the leaf for up to 4 d after caterpillar removal.

194 ell beyond the areas of the leaflet in which caterpillars removed tissue.

195 k, is involved in the negative regulation of caterpillar resistance and in the tradeoff between growt

196 cular, black swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes) caterpillars respond to xanthotoxin, a toxic phytochemic

197 s (ENMs) by tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) caterpillars resulting from the ingestion of plant tissu

198 o test for discrimination, we habituated the caterpillar's taste-mediated aversive response to one bi

199 ar age) and differed between frass and whole caterpillar samples.

200 Moreover, workers that feed from caterpillar secretions are significantly more likely to

201 mines in the brains of workers that consumed caterpillar secretions showed a significant decrease in

202 e shows that the internal organs of crawling caterpillars slide past the body walls like pistons in a

203 st Brevicoryne brassicae) and one generalist caterpillar species (Spodoptera exigua Hubner).

204 As a result, there is greater turnover in caterpillar species composition (greater beta diversity)

205 Examination of saliva from other caterpillar species indicates that saliva from the noctu

206 xamine the genetic structure of one abundant caterpillar species, Eois encina, in relation to host ph

207 aged (n = 33) and warningly signaled (n = 8) caterpillar species.

208 ral taste system of an insect (Manduca sexta caterpillars; Sphingidae) contribute to the discriminati

209 , confocal and scanning electron microscopy, caterpillar spinneret ablation/cauterization, and conven

210 mis mosseae, challenged a 'donor' plant with caterpillar Spodoptera litura, and investigated defence

211 weight gain of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) caterpillars, suggesting that aldoximes may be involved

212 Lepidopteran larvae (caterpillars) synthesize silk proteins in modified saliv

213 ly urban tits fed their offspring with fewer caterpillars than forest and suburban birds.

214 We report a Hawaiian caterpillar that specializes on snails, a unique food so

215 eaf consumption resulted in a rapid death of caterpillars that could be linked to the MIA dimerizatio

216 T. ni caterpillars that fed on Arabidopsis exposed to QDs had

217 We show here, in two species of caterpillar, that infection by lethal parasites alters t

218 sent in the oral secretions of fruit-feeding caterpillars, that the volatile profiles of plants induc

219 vely correlated with densities of tiger moth caterpillars the following spring.

220 rasites and are found in plants eaten by the caterpillars, their changed taste may encourage parasiti

221 food selection and the amounts eaten, but in caterpillars there is some evidence that central feedbac

222 onitored in attacked leaves that could repel caterpillars through its protein reticulation properties

223 d that apoptosis occurred in mutant-infected caterpillars, thus directly correlating reduced infectiv

224 ct evidence of fatty acid amide synthesis by caterpillar tissues.

225 pted the aversive behavioral response of the caterpillar to caffeine, but not to aristolochic acid.

226 infection, they reduced the survival rate of caterpillars to adulthood.

227 that enhanced nutritional physiology allows caterpillars to compensate when threatened.

228 nt defense responses in both species, caused caterpillars to grow up to 50% smaller than on control p

229 heir changed taste may encourage parasitized caterpillars to increase consumption of plants that prov

230 quator, using a global experiment with model caterpillars to measure predation risk.

231 tested for discrimination by habituating the caterpillars to salicin and then determining whether the

232 Caterpillar track complexes can also be prepared by bind

233 ctivity is explained by the formation of 2:1 caterpillar track complexes, in which two template wheel

234 'a and sheet lava flows advance in a rolling caterpillar-track motion on top of the rigid, snowpack s

235 Our findings indicate that hornworm caterpillars use temporally dynamic compensatory mechani

236 The caterpillar uses silk to restrain live prey.

237 the compound to be deterrent and toxic to a caterpillar (Utetheisa ornatrix).

238 rm, OS of the legume-specializing velvetbean caterpillar (VBC; Anticarsia gemmatalis) do not elicit e

239 ogenetically controlled analysis of hawkmoth caterpillars, we show that eyespots are associated with

240 terial activity did not significantly affect caterpillar weight gain, development, or survival.

241 be community composition was associated with caterpillar weight, and thus, our results provide no sup

242 his experiment revealed (1) no evidence that caterpillars were affected by ingestion of ENM contamina

243 compared to a previous study where hornworm caterpillars were fed plants that had previously bioaccu

244 Caterpillars were fed tomato leaf tissue that had been s

245 Spodoptera frugiperda caterpillars were infected with a mutant of Autographa c

246 mplete, bulk Au concentrations in individual caterpillars were measured after 0, 1, 4, and 7 days of

247 ained impaired for at least 3 days after the caterpillars were removed and were six times as large as

248 n of cyclic terpenes almost ceased after the caterpillars were removed.

249 far beyond the creation of litter by tussock caterpillars which should be considered important ecosys

250 hat attract predators and parasitoids of the caterpillar while it feeds.

251 tion enabled us to examine discrimination in caterpillars with a modified peripheral taste profile.

252 ment of taste sensilla (i.e., intact) and in caterpillars with ablated lateral sensilla (i.e., lat-ab

253 st virulent of the strains tested and killed caterpillars with inocula as low as 20 CFU/caterpillar.

254 ts more quickly, but were more wary of large caterpillars with large eyespots than those without eyes

255 We ran habituation-generalization tests in caterpillars with their full complement of taste sensill