ライフサイエンスコーパス: cation

1 tor pore permeable to NMDG+, a large organic cation.

2 prising the first NHC-parent-silyliumylidene cation.

3 e structural chemistry of the smaller Zr(IV) cation.

4 eferentially extracted over U and many other cations.

5 imately 4-5 times compared to the monovalent cations.

6 pyridinium, pyrrolidinium, and piperidinium cations.

7 , as its fungicidal activity is inhibited by cations.

8 omplex only displays a slight preference for cations.

9 s (CD-MOFs) in a combination of alkali-metal cations.

10 s from the acceptor solution including major cations.

11 with methylammonium and formamidinium mixed cations.

12 d 6-membered rings fused by central nitrogen cations.

13 into nanostructured domains around cholinium cations.

14 common in crystals of other viologen radical cations.

15 for the enhanced recognition of creatininium cations.

16 at are within 5.5% of the original precursor cations.

17 ensitivity of exomer mutants to alkali metal cations.

18 ur compounds, mercaptans, metals, anions and cations.

19 ion, the oxidation of CPA 1 to amine radical cation 1(+*) by product radical cation 3(+*) (generated

20 Thymidine radical cation (1) is produced by ionizing radiation and has bee

21 It is shown that vinyl cations 2 and 3 react, respectively, 227 and 14 times mo

22 mine radical cation 1(+*) by product radical cation 3(+*) (generated using online electrochemical oxi

23 us AuNP conjugates to pendant ytterbium(III) cations, a Dexter-type energy transfer mechanism is sugg

24 ect: oxygen vacancies, cation vacancies, and cation adatoms, respectively.

25 ssociation followed by recombination through cation addition to the diazo carbon.

26 dia, including Mueller-Hinton agar (MHA) and cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth.

27 es and the templating effects of the organic cations allow for fine structural control of the inorgan

28 The co-adsorbed alkali cations along the step weaken the OH adsorption at the s

29 Silver cation also enhances the rate of the methylenecyclopropa

30 pothesis that the presence of organic A-site cations alters the mechanical response of these material

31 c orientation of the sulfur-centered radical cation and a phenyl ring stabilized by the fibril framew

32 67-89% yields via the corresponding radical cation and iminium ion intermediates, the reactions usin

33 ilizing the in situ generation of benzhydryl cation and oxonium ion intermediates from activated alky

34 r, but it may also coordinate the soft Cu(I) cation and thereby yield pro-oxidant species.

35 HPs bind metal(II) cations and demonstrate interesting activity profiles wh

36 followed by surface binding of salts of the cations and electrochemical reduction gave a mixture of

37 erials indicates that, on average, smaller A cations and larger M cations result in increased SHG eff

38 ent isotope peaks, and the addition of metal cations and ligands can also be isotopically resolved wi

39 ctical applications where both chromium (VI) cations and organic dyes are the main pollutants.

40 ble to effectively remove both chromium (VI) cations and organic pollutants simultaneously.

41 orming perovskite materials contain multiple cations and provide power conversion efficiencies up to

42 arged backbone balanced with extra-framework cations and the permanent microporosity are characterist

43 diverse applications in catalysis; as anion, cation, and neutral substrate receptors; as ligands to c

44 e first two electronic states of the radical cation, and resolve the vibrational fine structure of th

45 e at low pH or in the presence of polyvalent cations, and can be used to solubilize membrane proteins

46 he type of virus, type of salts in solution (cation, anion.

47 rmalized electric conductivity and a nonzero cation-anion diffusion coefficient.

48 action between tryptophan (Trp) and an amine cation are shown to absorb and fluoresce in the visible

49 ccount for the general phenomenon that vinyl cations are formed slowly by solvolytic cleavage of viny

50 We report that vinyl cations are not exceptionally high energy intermediates,

51 n atmosphere content indicates that divalent cations are preferentially lost over monovalent cations

52 The two apparent sources of metal cations are the contact surface and the wear debris, and

53 up to partial immobilization of the organic cation, are observed in the mixed MAPb(ClxBr1-x)3 and MA

54 oxygen octahedral rotation patterns, ordered cation arrangements and their interplay break inversion

55 The use of Earth-abundant potassium cation as a catalyst for C-H bond functionalization seem

56 F](-), where Q(+) represents a wide range of cations) as powerful catalysts for the sulfur(VI) fluori

57 E binds a catalytically essential monovalent cation at its active site, yet another parallel with B12

58 should be compatible with producing radical cations at defined positions within DNA.

59 buted to an increase in the concentration of cations at the outer Helmholtz plane with increasing cat

60 to the disappearance of the polaron (radical cation) band at >900 nm and an increase in the band at 7

61 zwitterion consisting of a cyclopentadienyl cation bearing a positive charge and a negatively charge

62 ity of the M8 arginine to donate an internal cation binding at the third site is decisive for the ele

63 the contribution of individual tyrosines to cation binding using the HP1 chromodomain as a model sys

64 y tunable hemilability based on alkali metal cation binding with a macrocyclic "pincer-crown ether" l

65 Cation binding, either Ca(2+) or Mg(2+), stabilized the

66 is significantly shifted toward the radical cation by a flanking dA.

67 irect and crossover trapping of the benzylic cations by the ortho-substituted oxygen and nitrogen nuc

68 stallized with 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium cations (C9 NH20(+) ).

69 Computational studies suggest that silver cation can also stabilize a benzylic radical by spin del

70 Using a smaller A-site cation can distort the perovskite lattice in two distinc

71 the counterion, O-protonated or N-protonated cations can be formed, in accord with theoretical calcul

72 is described in which a sublattice of short cation-cation contacts creates a very low conduction ban

73 The methylidyne cation, CH(+), is a most useful molecule for such studie

74 locus-encoded beta-subunit of rod cGMP-gated cation channel and associated glutamic acid rich protein

75 Therefore, opening of a non-selective cation channel causes cell death and Ucn1 maintains this

76 EA induced cation channel current (Icat) in SW982 cells with biophy

77 receptor transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel member A1 (TRPA1).

78 Plant TPC1 functions as a nonselective cation channel on the vacuole membrane, whereas mammalia

79 et al. show that the mechanically activated cation channel Piezo1 is a molecular sensor of physical

80 at platelets and Meg-01 cells express the MS cation channel Piezo1, which may contribute to Ca(2+) en

81 n the vacuole, cooperating with the vacuolar cation channel SlTPC1 and the two vacuolar H(+)-pumps, S

82 PGP9.5; TRPV1; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A, receptor 1 (TRPA1); TRPV4; t

83 upling with the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily C 3 (TRPC3).

84 TRPM7 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 7) regulates gene expr

85 EGFPf) from the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8 (TRPM8(EGFPf/+)) loc

86 (TRPA1); TRPV4; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M, member 8 (TRPM8); and nerve

87 ated afferents [transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) expressing C

88 ablation of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V, receptor 1 (TRPV1)-substance

89 sensors of the transient receptor potential cation channel TRPV1.

90 , including the transient receptor potential cation channel V1 expressed in the nociceptive neurons o

91 upled to hyperactivation of the nonselective cation channel, transient receptor potential canonical c

92 rm of a tunable, high-conductance vertebrate cation channel, zTrpa1b, coupled with photo-activated ch

93 at operates downstream from cyclic GMP-gated cation channels and distal guanylate cyclases.

94 DP- and PI(3,5)P2-sensitive Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels in the endolysosomal system of cells, as

95 Mammalian TRICs function as K(+)-permeable cation channels that provide counter ions for Ca(2+) han

96 Most viroporins are monovalent selective cation channels, with few showing the ability to conduct

97 sensitive transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels.

98 ed to transient receptor potential canonical cation channels.

99 ost known aqueous ion batteries employ metal cation charge carriers.

100 We then investigated the contribution of the cation chloride cotransporters to setting [Cl(-)]i in th

101 A cation concentration comparable to that physiologically

102 The observed increase (>8%) in magnetic cation content at the central PK layers engenders up to

103 Their geometry is dictated by cation coordination and sterics rather than by electroni

104 ix[5]arene penta-O-ethers by dialkylammonium cations coupled to the loosely coordinating superweak TF

105 mechanically-sensitive inward non-selective cation current characteristic of Piezo2.

106 arterial myocytes, membrane stretch-induced cation currents were blocked by the TRPM4 inhibitor 9-ph

107 rents non-linearly balance inward background cation currents, accounting for two levels of resting me

108 re-domain K(+) channel isoform 1 (K2P1) leak cation currents, reconstituting two levels of resting me

109 of a disubstituted 4,4'-bipyridinium radical cation (DB(*+)) and an asymmetric cyclophane bisradical

110 rmation mainly proceeded via fructofuranosyl cation dehydration rather than 3-deoxglucosone, glucose

111 l state and in the oxidized species (radical cations, dications and radical trications) has been inve

112 proposed to be the result of loose or tight cation-dienolate ion pairs.

113 lar dynamics simulations of vacancy-mediated cation diffusion in Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore and report non-m

114 chlore and report non-monotonic evolution of cation diffusivity.

115 the synthesis of atropisomeric biaryls by a cation-directed O-alkylation.

116 nionic diffusion is dramatically affected by cation disorder.

117 cannot be understood as simply being due to cation disorder.

118 the aryldiazoacetate ester for arylpropargyl cation dissociation followed by recombination through ca

119 ed from the systematically controlled Mg(2+) cations distribution and concentrations in octahedral si

120 brane-impermeable etchant, which serves as a cation donor.

121 ing properties of [8]CPP 1 toward pyridinium cations due to the presence of the 1,4-DMB ring.

122 us, potential-dependent, structure-sensitive cation effects help steer the selectivity toward specifi

123 that ranolazine and elevated serum divalent cations eliminate myotonia by inhibiting AfD and NaPIC.

124 vinyl phenyl sulfone, a new (1'-fluoro)vinyl cation equivalent, and an electrophile that previously e

125 ate anion, as well as the organic monovalent cation, ethidium, but not its divalent analog, propidium

126 e perovskite cells employing the novel mixed-cation ethylenediammonium/formamidinium with the dopant-

127 nt rapidly quenches the quantum dots through cation exchange (ionic etching), and facilitates renal c

128 r, is traditionally defined as the degree of cation exchange between the A- and B-sites.

129 measures of benzylamine sorption, effective cation exchange capacity alone, or a model from the lite

130 equilibrium constants of clay minerals, and cation exchange capacity.

131 opeptide enrichment, fractionation by strong cation exchange chromatography (SCX) and analysis by liq

132 oring of foulant deposition during multimode cation exchange chromatography based purification of hum

133 tion (silver-ion) UHPLC column from a strong cation exchange column for (2)D, coupled with UV and LC1

134 ere, we present a method that allows partial cation exchange in colloidal CsPbBr3 NCs, whereby Pb(2+)

135 ersed phase, weak anion exchange, and strong cation exchange material.

136 used to determine if measurements made with cation exchange membranes (CEM) were comparable to stand

137 Here, we demonstrate a versatile partial cation exchange method to fabricate lamellar Ag-CoSe2 na

138 e been accessed previously through analogous cation exchange of roxbyite Cu2-x S, demonstrates the se

139 elated zincblende vs. wurtzite polymorphs by cation exchange of structurally distinct templates.

140 structures and used as the host material in cation exchange reactions with Pb(2+) ions.

141 he nanoheterostructures, formed upon partial cation exchange reactions, is intimately connected not o

142 nd to sorption onto a commercially available cation exchange resin.

143 d complexed zinc, and identified appropriate cation exchange resins for the individual systems.

144 ific quantum dot system that permits in vivo cation exchange to achieve selective background quenchin

145 functional column, combining RPLC, anion and cation exchange, which allows the simultaneous determina

146 Nanocrystal cation exchange, which proceeds rapidly under mild condi

147 extractions: reversed-phase (C18) and strong cation-exchange (SCX).

148 ns for thin-layer ionophore-based films with cation-exchange capacity read out with cyclic voltammetr

149 ing of (68)Ga-PSMA(HBED) using the efficient cation-exchange postprocessing of (68)Ga as well as the

150 Likewise, the tomato CATION EXCHANGER 1 and TWO-PORE CHANNEL 1 (SlTPC1), key

151 ffect is primarily determined by anions, and cations exhibit a secondary effect that modulates the co

152 ity functional theory help to understand how cations favor ethylene over methane at low overpotential

153 riodic alternation of POM and supramolecular cation, featuring short hydrogen-bonding contacts betwee

154 eration of the 2-methyl H of the imidazolium cation followed by D transfer to the substrate.

155 mpetitive sorption between protons and other cations for binding sites on the surface.

156 ation reorientation dynamics in hybrid mixed-cation formamidinium (FA)/methylammonium (MA) lead halid

157 determine the extent of cyclopropyl carbinyl cation formation.

158 L-AE in the absence of any simple monovalent cations has little-no activity; and (ii) among monocatio

159 radation and limited sorption affinities, IL cations have a high potential to reach aquatic environme

160 Mono- and bis(imidazolidinium ethynyl) cations have also been synthesized from the reaction of

161 inorganic cations, such as the alkali metal cations, have received relatively little attention.

162 , modeling studies supported a strong direct cation-heterocycle interaction between the Lys-155 side

163 occurs in multiple fungi to afford efficient cation homeostasis.

164 non-Nernstian pH shift, and demonstrate that cation-hydroxyl co-adsorption causes the apparent pH dep

165 ccepted, is the dominant dissolved manganese cation in LiPF6-based electrolyte solutions of Li-ion ba

166 bsence of a cation-n interaction between the cation in the acylated catalyst and an appropriate lone

167 fluenced by the identity of the alkali metal cation in the electrolyte; however, a satisfactory expla

168 oncluded that the eg occupancy of the active cation in the octahedral site is the activity descriptor

169 ond and slow diffusion of divalent magnesium cations in cathodes.

170 emistry that utilizes magnesium monochloride cations in expanded titanium disulfide.

171 , we establish the dynamics of the molecular cations in FAPbI3 between 4 K and 340 K and the nature o

172 Opening of the cytoplasmic channel to cations in GtCCR2 requires the Asp-96 homolog to be unpr

173 iles when co-treated in a panel of metal(II) cations in MIC assays.

174 novel CO2-based networks stabilized by Li(+) cations in solid-state phases.

175 o-trans-Golgi network (TGN) transport of the cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR)

176 N is incorporated into cells via sortilin or cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor, and fac

177 the pyridinyl nitrogen to form a pyridinium cation induces electronic delocalization in the PLP, whi

178 eory calculations show that the alkali metal cations influence the distribution of products formed as

179 ompeting mechanisms through which the A-site cation influences the band gap of 3D metal halide perovs

180 ation proceeds through a key aminium radical cation intermediate that is generated via electron trans

181 MOF can be modified by incorporating Ni(2+) cations into the pores through coordination to the amino

182 G(+) but also to spermidine, a large natural cation involved in ion channel modulation, revealing a p

183 The role of the cation is therefore critical in directing structural mot

184 of humidity on reduced ion mobilities of TAA cations is discussed.

185 organic atomic layers in between the organic cation layers.

186 n strengths of the Si/S 3s orbitals with the cation levels, with the more core-like character of the

187 ver Na(+), but nonselective among monovalent cations (Li(+), Na(+), and K(+)).

188 few showing the ability to conduct divalent cations, like calcium (Ca(2+)).

189 indings suggest that amino acids and organic cations may interact with the transporter through differ

190 average electrochemical properties of the Ni cations measured by voltammetry, and instead emphasize t

191 The sensitivity toward divalent cation-mediated gating differed between small atomic ion

192 following a single-crystal to single-crystal cation metathesis, the Ca(2+) counterions of a preformed

193 om a strong coupling between anion redox and cation migration.

194 ct evidence for partitioning of the magnetic cations (Mn and Fe) to the central three of the five per

195 selectivity is the presence or absence of a cation-n interaction between the cation in the acylated

196 Interaction with the Lewis acid cation (Na(+) or K(+)) significantly stabilizes the dihy

197 General reductive silylation of the UO2(2+) cation occurs readily in a one-pot, two-step stoichiomet

198 The radical cation of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD

199 nificantly enhanced by the addition of Ag(+) cations of less than 1.0 %.

200 s a light-activated channel that can conduct cations of multiple valencies down the electrochemical g

201 es (e.g. alumina) are limited to adatoms and cations of Pt, Pd, and Ru.

202 ABO3 perovskite oxides with magnetic A and B cations offer a unique playground to explore interaction

203 CH stretches in hydrocarbon cations often shift to lower frequencies relative to neu

204 on the identity and concentration of alkali cations on the non-Nernstian pH shift, and demonstrate t

205 We have investigated the influence of bound cations on the reduction of cobalt complexes of redox ac

206 reated Cry6Aa1, whereas dual selectivity (to cations or anions) was observed for the pores formed by

207 s, indicating either a change in bridgmanite cation ordering or a decrease in the ferric iron content

208 the 4M polymorph (expanded unit cell due to cation ordering) in zirconolite was observed with increa

209 dynamics of the organic methylammonium (MA) cation orientation in a range of pure and mixed trihalid

210 The NSP4 VPD was selective for cations over anions and channel activity was observed to

211 olored and maintained a high selectivity for cations over anions.

212 ly than wild type, indicating that increased cation permeability may lead to dehydration of PIEZO1-mu

213 Currently, high-quality mixed-cation perovskite thin films are normally made by use of

214 Although the origin of cation-pi bonds in isolated pairs has been extensively s

215 d a protein with an inter- or intramolecular cation-pi interaction between tryptophan (Trp) and an am

216 -R193L variant to disrupt a proposed Arg-His cation-pi interaction in the secondary coordination sphe

217 together with functional studies, identify a cation-pi interaction that controls selectivity.

218 ring of the phenyl aliphatic amines may form cation-pi interaction with the pyridinium of the interme

219 ractions on planar surfaces, and alternative cation-pi interactions are not observed.

220 Cation-pi interactions drive the self-assembly and cohes

221 hat electrostatic interactions dominate over cation-pi interactions in determining the locations of t

222 Energetically favorable cation-pi interactions play important roles in numerous

223 und that both electrostatic interactions and cation-pi interactions regulate the position of small co

224 ay differ; some readers exhibit evidence for cation-pi interactions whereas others do not.

225 Y48) bind to a Kme3-histone tail peptide via cation-pi interactions, but linear free energy trends su

226 abilization of crucial intermediates through cation-pi interactions.

227 rogen bonds and specific atom-aromatic ring (cation-pi, donor-pi, halogen-pi, and carbon-pi) and arom

228 been extensively studied, the energetics of cation-pi-driven self-assembly in molecular films remain

229 s and Kme3 plays an important role in tuning cation-pi-mediated Kme3 recognition.

230 he S-H/pi interaction differs from classical cation/pi interactions by the preferential alignment of

231 The main fixed compounds (organic acids, cations, polyphenols, anthocyanins) were not lost during

232 ch reveals that an important part of radical cation population survives up to a few milliseconds, whe

233 ities: two anion-preferring channels and two cation-preferring channels.

234 dant voltage-dependent anion channel and the cation-preferring protein-conducting channels Tom40, Sam

235 ng formed is controlled by the alkylammonium cation present.

236 electrostatic interactions between solvated cations present at the outer Helmholtz plane and adsorbe

237 es up to a few milliseconds, whereas radical cations produced by chemical oxidants in various DNA sys

238 l of the BBB, we identify NHE9, an endosomal cation/proton exchanger, as a novel regulator of this sy

239 ectron transfer process, generating viologen cation radical (V(*+)).

240 ohols) in reactions that were first-order in cation radical and first-order in nucleophile.

241 ased on a generalized pathway involving fast cation radical dimerization following electron transfer,

242 to length-invariant oxidation potentials and cation radical excitation energies.

243 investigation of the effect of the viologen cation radical structure on the strength and nature of t

244 cation radicals formed between the stannane cation radicals and the neutral codonors, which thereby

245 terpreted by the intermediacy of heterodimer cation radicals formed between the stannane cation radic

246 The germane cation radicals were found to rapidly react with nucleop

247 Benzyltrialkylgermane cation radicals were generated and spectroscopically cha

248 rein we demonstrate using a series of biaryl cation radicals with varying dihedral angles that the ho

249 reactivity of anodically generated stilbene cation radicals.

250 able density of anion Frenkel disorder while cations remain ordered.

251 the identity of the natural large permeating cations remains elusive.

252 first quantitative, cation-specific data on cation reorientation dynamics in hybrid mixed-cation for

253 , on average, smaller A cations and larger M cations result in increased SHG efficiencies.

254 by Pb(2+) is exchanged for several isovalent cations, resulting in doped CsPb1-xMxBr3 NCs (M= Sn(2+),

255 id-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are trimeric cation-selective ion channels activated by protons in th

256 echanical gating in the setting of a narrow, cation-selective pore.

257 We thus show that the cation selectivity of the Tim23 channel is a key feature

258 uence: the self-diffusion coefficient of the cation shows a one order of magnitude difference dependi

259 A carotenoid radical cation signal was detected in the wild type, although it

260 l with B12 enzymes, and we characterize this cation site by a combination of structural, biochemical,

261 This monovalent cation site controls enzyme activity: (i) PFL-AE in the

262 The observed trends in activity with cation size are attributed to an increase in the concent

263 at the outer Helmholtz plane with increasing cation size.

264 erived from this literature model of organic cation sorption, along with phenyltrimethylammonium Kd v

265 mesolytic cleavage of the resulting radical cation species, which leads to the generation of a react

266 Here, we report the first quantitative, cation-specific data on cation reorientation dynamics in

267 capable of allylic rather than oxocarbenium cation stabilization.

268 adducts that are not detected with reactive cations such as [C6 H5 ](+) .

269 The adsorption propensities of inorganic cations, such as the alkali metal cations, have received

270 ma-CD units to give a supramolecular ditopic cation, suitable to be used as a linker within extended

271 for mitochondrial accumulation of lipophilic cations, synthetic chemistry strategies to target compou

272 ing blocks, i.e., the ditopic supramolecular cation {[Ta6Br12(H2O)6]@2CD}(2+) and the Dawson-type ani

273 ), while the replacement of Fe(2+) by Ga(3+) cations, taking place in Ga-rich samples, produces free

274 rands in buffered solutions containing Na(+) cations (TEL21/Na(+)).

275 d and ionization to diphenyl sulfide radical cation that in turn led to diphenyl sulfoxide.

276 eractions, while the FtSaBs behave more like cations that strongly associate with the solid phase rel

277 which leads to the generation of a reactive cation-this species initiates the polymerization of the

278 tive to the inactivating effects of divalent cations, thus, in the presence of Mg(2+) , ATP is inadeq

279 buted more than fructose and fructofuranosyl cation to the early stage of the Maillard reaction.

280 values for more structurally complex organic cations to homoionic montmorillonites and to heteroionic

281 erential localization of more highly charged cations to the inner shell of the ion atmosphere.

282 lation and reordering, and thus a slowing of cation transport.

283 led receptor pathway, membrane potential and cation transport.

284 Both groups had increased organic cation transporters (SLC22A4 and SLC16A9) activity.

285 Y POINTS: The role of trimeric intracellular cation (TRIC) channels is not known, although evidence s

286 of the generation of a tryptophanyl radical-cation (Trp(233*+)).

287 s, which increases soluble oxalate by making cations unavailable to precipitate oxalate.

288 ions are preferentially lost over monovalent cations upon A.C protonation, providing experimental ind

289 e of surface point defect: oxygen vacancies, cation vacancies, and cation adatoms, respectively.

290 The effects of ion pairing with the counter-cation were found to be negligible, provided small polar

291 Xanthylium cations were also detected in the pre-irradiated malic a

292 found to be negligible, provided small polar cations were avoided in the less polar solvent (chlorofo

293 ate is ionized to generate a halopentadienyl cation, which undergoes an interrupted halo-Nazarov cycl

294 performing amalgamation reactions with metal cations, which avoid unwanted side reactions and positiv

295 Phytate forms complexes with cations, which increases soluble oxalate by making catio

296 Exchanging the sodium cation with tetraethylammonium or didodecyldimethylammon

297 phatidylcholine (PC), and sphingomyelin (SM) cations with dicarboxylate anions are shown to charge-in

298 quantitative calculation of ionic radii for cations with spherically symmetric charge distribution i

299 s upon UV irradiation to form MV(+*) radical cations within the crystal structure with half-lives of

300 ome as a family (B)2(A)n-1PbnX3n+1 (B and A= cations; X= halide).