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2 ribution of transported label showed rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral topographic arrangement of cla
3 mammographic examinations (n = 175; cranial caudal and mediolateral oblique) were randomly selected
6 ctions to 6DR originated preferentially from caudal areas (PG and OPt), while 6DC received input prim
7 layed a transient tachycardia and a biphasic caudal arterial blood pressure (PCA) response that are i
10 racterized by an abnormal development of the caudal aspect of the vertebral column and the spinal cor
13 e neuroectoderm is patterned along a rostral-caudal axis in response to localized factors in the embr
15 rapid dopamine signaling across the rostral-caudal axis of the nucleus accumbens in the control of d
16 ther dopamine transmission along the rostral-caudal axis of the shell plays differential roles in the
19 ory cortex, including A1 and the surrounding caudal belt and parabelt, is involved in auditory motion
20 ound that cholinergic axons arising from the caudal BF target major excitatory and inhibitory auditor
21 holinergic and noncholinergic input from the caudal BF, including the caudal globus pallidus and subs
23 how RAR regulates somite patterning, rostral-caudal boundary setting, specialization of myotome subdi
24 ly enriched in a subset of astrocytes of the caudal brain and spinal cord in a distribution correspon
25 c nuclei, the hippocampus, the amygdala, the caudal brain stem, and midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
29 e that PAG analgesia is mediated largely via caudal brainstem structures, such as the rostral ventrom
30 nded to increase toward hatching, except for caudal brainstem, where a gradual decrease was observed
32 y from prelimbic (PL) and rostral (rACC) and caudal (cACC) anterior cingulate subregions of the rabbi
35 of self-generated head movements in the rat caudal cerebellar vermis, an area essential for gravicep
37 pplementary (M2), rostral cingulate (M3) and caudal cingulate (M4) motor regions through the corona r
39 partial results regarding somatotopy in the caudal-cingulate zone and rostral-cingulate zone in the
40 erogeneity within the DR is inclusion of the caudal component, which may be more accurately viewed as
41 we discovered that the C-terminal region of Caudal contributes to the preferential activation of the
43 ng embryonic development that migrate to the caudal cortex and differentiate into Satb2(+) neurons in
45 d additionally the striatum, rostral cortex, caudal cortex, and hippocampus for (11)C-NNC 112 and (11
46 ucleus, dorsal and ventral hypothalamus) and caudal diencephalon, confirming results of Garcia-Fernan
47 itive tissue is located in a small region of caudal diencephalon-this region is necessary to retain r
49 bound to the DNA and that whilst Bicoid and Caudal display a higher specificity, the other three TFs
50 the hypothalamus divide it into three rostro-caudal domains but little is known about their embryonic
52 m (IM) involves the formation of rostral and caudal domains, the former being reliant on retinoic aci
53 vement, the large dorsomedial neurons of the caudal dorsal pallidum may be involved in sensory proces
55 wise error corrected), intraparietal sulcus, caudal dorsal premotor cortex, and cerebellar lobule VI
56 MHb-IP axis, including the median (MnR) and caudal dorsal raphe nucleus (DRC), may contribute to the
57 t in addition to the RMTg, the median raphe, caudal dorsal raphe, and pontine central gray are major
58 ting to the hypothalamus, VTA, median raphe, caudal dorsal raphe, and pontine central gray reside in
61 ling motor and motivated behavior, while the caudal DR is more closely aligned with regions that regu
65 n which there is abnormal development of the caudal end of the foetal spine along with many associate
66 and the absence of implantation fossa at the caudal end of the nucleus in mice without Kdm3a demethyl
68 the mitf family, which is highly enriched in caudal endothelial cells (cECs) at the time of HSC colon
69 Layer 2 of the rodent medial and the human caudal entorhinal cortex were structurally similar in th
72 vacaine is the indicated local anesthetic in caudal, epidural, and spinal anesthesia and is widely us
73 o a small number of dorsal column neurons, a caudal extension of nucleus gracilis, whose connections
74 linergic neurons measured along a rostral to caudal extent in the basal forebrain correlated with a v
77 odies in distinct locations along the rostro-caudal extent of the left and right DVMN revealed that v
78 saccades executed during inactivation of the caudal fastigial nucleus (cFN) on one side of the cerebe
79 two populations via their projections to the caudal fastigial nucleus, and uncovered a simple-spike p
80 Relative to standard length (SL; jaw tip to caudal fin base distance), the surface area of jaw-closi
81 phological abnormalities, including peculiar caudal fin malformations and hyperpigmentation in the ta
84 owth trajectories; a lower median fin turned caudal fin, and an upper vertebrae-bearing tail, equival
85 ted tail is eclipsed by the upward-expanding caudal fin, rendering a once ventral body margin as the
88 metabolites along the proximodistal axis of caudal fins of uninjured and regenerating adult zebrafis
90 r, but they are different from those for the caudal forelimb area (CFA) and the caudal whisker area (
91 d then, underwent destructive lesions of the caudal forelimb region of the motor cortex, resulting in
92 of progenitor cells from embryonic medial or caudal ganglionic eminence (MGE, CGE) were made in a wel
93 s), lateral ganglionic eminences (LGEs), and caudal ganglionic eminences (CGEs) between preterm-born
96 cortical interneurons within the medial and caudal ganglionic eminences of the developing telencepha
97 ypallidal GPe neurons originate from lateral/caudal ganglionic eminences, express the transcription f
99 rgic input from the caudal BF, including the caudal globus pallidus and substantia innominata and mod
100 neurons are distributed more caudally in the caudal globus pallidus than noncholinergic projection ne
103 models of cognitive control suggest a rostro-caudal gradient in lateral frontal regions, such that pr
105 Here we show that the stromal cells of the caudal haematopoietic tissue (CHT), the first niche wher
106 scopolamine microinjections localized to the caudal half of medial shell additionally generated a fea
107 negative hedonic coldspot was mapped in the caudal half of medial shell, where all three types of op
108 were with ventral premotor cortex (PMV), the caudal half of posterior parietal cortex, cingulate cort
109 by these niches, we report the generation of caudal hematopoietic embryonic stromal tissue (CHEST) ce
110 owed exquisite visualization of HSPCs in the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT) of the developing zebr
111 l lines and monitored their migration to the caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), the region where hema
112 cells from 72-hours post fertilization (hpf) caudal hematopoietic tissue (CHT), the site of embryonic
117 of depressive-like behavior associated with caudal hippocampal circuitry, persisted 28 d after RSD.
118 slation of pal-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans caudal homolog, to the posterior of the early embryo.
119 ng disrupts topological boundaries such that caudal Hox genes leave the repressed domain and become s
120 es with a concomitant delay in activation of caudal Hox genes, which are proposed to signal the end o
121 c and clinical observations suggest that the caudal hypothalamus comprises a key node of the ascendin
124 C integrates abstract, rostral and concrete, caudal influences to inform context-appropriate action.
125 f neglect, and demonstrate an implication of caudal interhemispheric disconnection in chronic neglect
126 l correlates of this property in the macaque caudal intraparietal area (CIP) by measuring slant tunin
128 at a subpopulation of neurons in the macaque caudal intraparietal area (CIP) visually encodes object
129 activity in parietal areas V6, V6A, LIP, and caudal intraparietal area and frontal areas FEF, 45a, 45
130 of the CP-AMPAR antagonist, Naspm, into the caudal lateral core or caudal medial shell of the nucleu
131 aphic relationship: climbing fibers from the caudal lateral mcIO were located in P1+ and medial P1- Z
132 n-type" dopamine neurons are confined to the caudal-lateral SNc and project to the caudate tail, whic
136 Afferent neurons target only one rostral or caudal location within medial or lateral HVC, and each H
138 primarily in the infection site of the right caudal lung lobe, with no or reduced TB dissemination to
141 The Mullerian ducts form in a rostral to caudal manner, guided by and dependent on the Wolffian d
142 nist, Naspm, into the caudal lateral core or caudal medial shell of the nucleus accumbens attenuated
143 n of tanycytes within the infundibular stalk/caudal median eminence, termed here gamma tanycytes, and
144 1 neurons), mapping soma localization to the caudal medulla primarily and axonal projections to brain
150 lamus, optic tectum, semicircular torus, and caudal midbrain tegmentum, but conspicuous projections a
151 specific set of markers associated with the caudal midbrain that correlate with high dopaminergic yi
152 ars opercularis and pars triangularis, right caudal middle frontal and left rostral middle frontal re
153 ibitory interneuron activity, which inhibits caudal motoneurons and pre-conditions their excitability
157 Bipolar tail neuron precursors derive from caudal neural plate border cells, delaminate and migrate
158 Thus, beta-catenin signaling is required for caudal neural tube closure and elongation, acting throug
159 Prdm12 and found that its expression in the caudal neural tube is dependent on retinoic acid and Pax
161 mal neurons in the rostral and apical trunk, caudal neurons in the dorsal and ventral epidermis, and
162 kt/Etl4 function affects only development of caudal notochord derivatives and is compensated for in i
166 th the vast majority arising from either the caudal or medial ganglionic eminences (CGE and MGE).
167 ecific manipulations indicate that CSNs from caudal or rostral forelimb area control reaching or gras
171 ow that Hoxa5 expression appears in the most caudal part of the hindbrain at fetal stages, where it i
172 ithin the nucleus tractus solitarius and the caudal part of ventral respiratory column but do not inc
173 induced encephalitis model, the replication, caudal penetration, and survivability of intranasally ap
175 in number of neurons from the rostral to the caudal pole is intermediate between primates and rodents
176 ary junction, decussates at the level of the caudal pole of the facial nerve nucleus in the rostral m
177 amygdaloid group of cells originated in the caudal pole of the telencephalic pallium, and a cell pop
181 branched from the cochlear nucleus, and via caudal pontine reticular nucleus, pontine central gray,
183 k involving supplementary motor area and the caudal portion of dorsal anterior cingulate cortex encod
186 ly, that is, at the intersection between the caudal portion of the medial orbital sulcus and transver
187 d a novel reorganization of the perineum-the caudal portion of the trunk body wall not associated wit
188 le-demand and sensory-bias hypotheses within caudal portions of human LFC (both men and women partici
190 esembled that of prosimian galagos, in which caudal PPC (PPCc) is visual and rostral PPC (PPCr) has e
192 responds to a specialized subdivision of the caudal premotor complex where visual information for the
193 bulbs-terminal nerve, ventral telencephalon, caudal preoptic area, dorsal mesencephalic tegmentum, an
194 the olfactory bulbs, ventral telencephalon, caudal preoptic area, dorsal tegmentum and rostral rhomb
195 in the posterior ventricular nucleus of the caudal preoptic area, whereas LPXRFa-R-immunoreactive ce
196 that only corticospinal axons originating in caudal primary motor cortex ("new M1") and area 3a make
197 study neuromuscular transmission between the caudal primary motor neuron and target skeletal muscle i
198 ene expression data demonstrated rostral and caudal progenitor and neuronal identities from early bra
199 l restriction of key genes that maintain the caudal progenitor pool during axial elongation in Xenopu
201 ral projections to the pons and midbrain and caudal projections to the spinal cord originate from sep
202 ivate the DPE-dependent ftz reporter to mini-Caudal proteins that were unable to preferentially activ
204 agenesis), which impairs development of the caudal region of the body, occurs with a frequency of ab
208 derate concentration of 5-HT fibers, whereas caudal regions of Me as well as the central nuclei and t
209 are distributed about equally in rostral and caudal regions of the PRF, whereas contralateral pRS neu
210 ted from the SVZ and cervical, thoracic, and caudal regions of the SC from naive rats and rats subjec
212 he ventral tegmental area to the rostral and caudal regions of the shell were optogenetically stimula
216 ng multimodal imaging findings of 4 cases of caudal regression syndrome in 4 different age groups inc
218 In this case series, we report four cases of caudal regression syndrome in different age groups inclu
228 e fetal Mullerian duct mesenchyme (MDM), the caudal remnant of which is thought to be assimilated by
229 the activity of visuomovement neurons in the caudal SC, and the extent to which fixation-related neur
233 ed with a ventral to dorsal and a rostral to caudal shift of cholinergic fiber distribution in mPFC.
235 ioral effects were observed: Stimulations of caudal sites in 8Av (close to FEF) shortened or prolonge
236 me in zebrafish development, derive from the caudal somites through an epithelial-mesenchymal transit
237 lectively ablate either V1 or V2b INs in the caudal spinal cord and assess their specific functions i
240 e I and V of the spinal cord dorsal horn and caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus and in the nucleus of t
241 onical Wnt, is expressed specifically in the caudal SpM and may regulate oriented cell intercalation
242 embryos, blocking the Wnt5a function in the caudal SpM perturbs polarized elongation of SHF progenit
244 s suggest that area 6DR includes rostral and caudal subdivisions, with the former also involved in oc
245 s that originate from the rostral (head) and caudal (tail) regions of the caudate nucleus, both of wh
248 er, it is the unique combination of dCBP and Caudal that enables the co-activation of ftz in a core p
249 reak in the networks of the DR such that the caudal third of the DR was more similar in afferent inne
253 A transcript levels tended to decrease, from caudal to rostral, across cortical regions of the vsWM n
254 ory trigeminal column can be subdivided from caudal to rostral, as in other species, into cervical do
255 determines the location of the aortic valve caudal to the carina, at a distance of 0.25 +/- 0.05 tim
257 of types of neuron, mostly in brain regions caudal to the entrance level of nerve 2, and its compari
259 a pertinent diameters were measured 15-20 mm caudal to the hepatic vein junction and recorded by bidi
260 cold exposure, following a brain transection caudal to the hypothalamus, and during the blockade of g
263 Using a comparative proteomics approach, caudal to the injury, we detected difference in 20 prote
264 serotonergic axons sprout and/or regenerate caudal to the lesion level, and greater numbers of corti
266 , conditional deletion of Fz3 in all tissues caudal to the neck eliminates the spinothalamic tract an
267 to a focal region of cortex and white matter caudal to the posterior sylvian fissure, which included
269 olinium enhancement associated with and just caudal to the site of maximal stenosis and at the rostro
272 in the glutamate measure was blunted and the caudal-to-rostral decline in the GABA measure was enhanc
273 ffect differed across regions, such that the caudal-to-rostral increase in the glutamate measure was
276 vely increasing connections observed in more caudal tracer injections (i.e., in subdivisions of area
277 litation-driven changes in motor cortex: (1) caudal trunk motor areas expanded; (2) trunk coactivatio
280 l progenitors accompany the formation of the caudal vein sinusoids, the other main component of the C
281 (cdlSNr), directly or indirectly through the caudal-ventral part of the globus pallidus externus (cvG
282 vascular activity, including the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medullary regions (RVLM and CVLM, r
284 sitive to eye movements, suggesting that the caudal vermis can also directly influence vestibulo-ocul
289 le and fertile and show only mild defects in caudal vertebrae due to abnormal intervertebral disc dev
290 regeneration, including re-patterning of the caudal vertebral column that is otherwise only seen in s
294 resubiculum receives strong projections from caudal VO but only weak projections from other OFC regio
295 gy was used to record neural activity in the caudal VP during the performance of ST and GT conditione
296 g both the homeodomain and the C terminus of Caudal was sufficient to confer core promoter-preferenti
297 easurements (antero-posterior, width, cranio-caudal) were recorded at least twice before resection.
298 e have previously discovered that Drosophila Caudal, which is a master regulator of genes involved in
299 acortical microstimulation compared with the caudal whisker area (CWA) in animals under deep anesthes
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