ライフサイエンスコーパス: cellularity

1 rating murine neutrophils but not neutrophil cellularity.

2 e preferentially to bones with higher marrow cellularity.

3 ithelial branching and increased mesenchymal cellularity.

4 for some, but far from all, of the observed cellularity.

5 oration in plasma cells, and variable marrow cellularity.

6 ctions but not for in vivo measurement of BM cellularity.

7 ithelial branching and increased mesenchymal cellularity.

8 m, PPARD gene deletion resulted in increased cellularity.

9 anged as the result of decreased bone marrow cellularity.

10 h-frozen lung tissue with at least 70% tumor cellularity.

11 wever, these mice possess near-normal thymic cellularity.

12 vel secreted regulator of mesenchymal tissue cellularity.

13 penia, and a marked reduction in bone marrow cellularity.

14 ling staining was done to quantify apoptotic cellularity.

15 vested constructs exhibited a high degree of cellularity.

16 on measurements depend on factors other than cellularity.

17 factor-alpha, and proximal aorta macrophage cellularity.

18 roliferation in an attempt to restore T cell cellularity.

19 mice deficient in Egr1 have increased thymic cellularity.

20 resulting in significantly increased thymic cellularity.

21 omitant with increased apoptosis and reduced cellularity.

22 e severity of skin disease as well as dermal cellularity.

23 an diffusivity was correlated with increased cellularity.

24 rs including the rate of neoangiogenesis and cellularity.

25 having reduced TCR diversity despite normal cellularity.

26 l-scale materials systems based on synthetic cellularity.

27 s within the wound, beta-catenin levels, and cellularity.

28 ficient was lower, consistent with increased cellularity.

29 o compare the effect of metal deposition and cellularity, a linear mixed effects model was used to fi

30 cyte compartment, accounting for recovery of cellularity accompanied by loss of TCR diversity.

31 n results in a 5-fold reduction in thymocyte cellularity, accompanied by developmental arrest at the

32 d a significant decrease was found in thymic cellularity after irradiation.

33 Importantly, reduction in BM cellularity alone can reproduce HSPC expansion.

34 als are associated with decreased lymph node cellularity and a decline in TH1 development.

35 developing T cells results in reduced thymic cellularity and a fivefold decrease in the number of cyt

36 t clone showed a lower degree of bone marrow cellularity and a higher frequency of developing chromos

37 healthy, and besides a general reduction in cellularity and a slight increase in surface CD3 express

38 Negative correlation was found between cellularity and ADC metrics of common pediatric cerebell

39 There was no correlation between cellularity and ADC ratio.

40 with a unique histopathology showing loss of cellularity and aggregation of abundant homogeneous acel

41 find that there are independent signals for cellularity and aging.

42 cell homeostasis under conditions of normal cellularity and also is required to mediate Flt3 ligand-

43 ) scaffolds revealed significantly increased cellularity and altered the phenotypes of endothelial pr

44 dial infarction (MI) due to rapid changes in cellularity and an inability to characterize both ECM mi

45 , which are characterized by increased tumor cellularity and angiogenesis.

46 the evolution of protocells, eukarya, multi-cellularity and animal societies.

47 lly striking changes were observed in spleen cellularity and architecture, and infected mice exhibite

48 Many aged p53+/m organs exhibit reduced cellularity and atrophy, suggesting defects in stem-cell

49 enitor stage, resulting in reduced thymocyte cellularity and blocks at the double-negative and double

50 infiltrative), tumour-margin transitions in cellularity and calcification were determined histopatho

51 dent dermal population resulted in decreased cellularity and collateral damage in the tissue during v

52 Crypt length, crypt cellularity and crypt cell proliferation were assessed i

53 gistic response resulting in greater mucosal cellularity and digestive capacity in parenterally fed r

54 gene deletion are associated with reduced SZ cellularity and early onset OA.

55 1-deficient mice display increased thymocyte cellularity and enhanced proliferation of thymocytes and

56 Microdissection enriches tumour cellularity and enhances mutation calling.

57 l that might explain the decreases in thymic cellularity and enrichment for ILK-competent cells in th

58 complexity, including the evolution of multi-cellularity and eusociality.

59 P529 reduced cellularity and expression of collagen, fibronectin, and

60 ormal endothelium with increased endothelial cellularity and expression of lineage markers for mature

61 ventricular (LV) function leads to increased cellularity and fibrosis of the mitral valve.

62 Cellularity and glycosaminoglycans content were signific

63 ast some of the rapid recovery of myocardial cellularity and heart size.

64 ic disease, depicting disease with increased cellularity and helping to differentiate benign from mal

65 r challenge with CII, female mice had higher cellularity and increased T cell proliferation and produ

66 ation as a primary signal reduced the spleen cellularity and largely abrogated asthma susceptibility

67 ns exhibit a substantial reduction in thymic cellularity and limited CD4(-)CD8(-) (double-negative) t

68 S exhibited substantial reductions in thymic cellularity and limited CD4- CD8- double-negative (DN) 3

69 e bone marrow failure (i.e., low bone marrow cellularity and low counts in multiple blood lineages) h

70 oid tumors, no correlation was found between cellularity and mean tumor ADC and ADC ratio.

71 ther, negative correlation was found between cellularity and mean tumor ADCs (rho = -0.737, P < .05)

72 obing characteristics of tumour vascularity, cellularity and metabolism which critically contribute t

73 larity and tumor cell alterations, including cellularity and micronecrosis.

74 Negative correlation was found between cellularity and minimum tumor ADC in atypical teratoid r

75 ised at 30 and 45 days showed less prominent cellularity and more prominent collagen content, in a we

76 histology, with a mean difference of -0.52% cellularity and most differences within +/-2% cellularit

77 joints subjected to ACLT displayed increased cellularity and neovascularization on days 7 and 28 post

78 Corroborating these correlations, thymic cellularity and peripheral naive T-cell frequency were h

79 mmune cells at the injection site, but their cellularity and phenotypes were different from those in

80 nction as a surrogate marker for both tissue cellularity and response to treatment that occur earlier

81 tration was positively correlated with tumor cellularity and significantly differed between high- and

82 ical analysis revealed significantly greater cellularity and significantly fewer inflammatory infiltr

83 ll-derived BLyS is dispensable for normal GC cellularity and somatic hypermutation, it is required fo

84 ed T-cell precursors showed increased thymic cellularity and substantially improved donor T-cell chim

85 ) and various cytokines, with differences in cellularity and target immunoreactivity scores analyzed

86 Diffusion MRI can shed light on tumor cellularity and the disruption of white matter tracts in

87 ith KGF-/- mice and demonstrated that thymic cellularity and the distribution of thymocyte subsets am

88 releasing chemoattractive signals increases cellularity and tissue formation after injury.

89 interventions is characterized by increased cellularity and tissue remodeling.

90 l processes in glioblastoma, including tumor cellularity and vascularity, metabolite expression, and

91 However, the increased cellularity and vasogenic oedema associated with inflamm

92 rum imaging resolves inflammation-associated cellularity and vasogenic oedema in addition to accounti

93 ctor related to overall and lineage-specific cellularity and was significantly associated with JAK2 V

94 ound that TIMP-1(-/-) mice have decreased BM cellularity and, consistent with this finding, TIMP-1(-/

95 eparate the confounding effects of increased cellularity and/or grey matter contamination, allowing s

96 ogic measurements of primary tumor (size and cellularity) and nodal metastases (number and size) for

97 (-/-) mice, bone marrow chimeras with normal cellularity, and a selective depletion of CD11c(hi) dend

98 of erythrocytes), increased the bone marrow cellularity, and alleviated stress hematopoiesis.

99 fertile, and show normal thymic morphology, cellularity, and anatomy.

100 tology was not as good (mean difference, -7% cellularity, and differences between 5% and -20%).

101 ivision, haematopoietic stem-cell frequency, cellularity, and erythropoiesis in the spleen.

102 ely aligned collagen fibers, normal level of cellularity, and functional restoration.

103 Thymi of primary donor mice showed reduced cellularity, and immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated

104 lted in a dramatic reduction in thymus size, cellularity, and lack of corticomedullary differentiatio

105 and compared with microvessel density (MVD), cellularity, and micronecrosis by using the Pearson corr

106 , platelet count, transfusion dependency, BM cellularity, and mutant SF3B1 and inversely with hemoglo

107 e of BM suppression, have anemia, reduced BM cellularity, and showed profound reduction in BM B cell

108 st atherosclerosis by maintaining structure, cellularity, and size of ATLOs though VSMC-LTbetaRs did

109 hances the HSPC engraftment kinetics, the BM cellularity, and the number of progenitors per tibia of

110 with a loss of HMGB2 expression and reduced cellularity, and this contributes to the development of

111 Bone volume, cellularity, areal bone mineral density, osteoblast gene

112 Increased tumor cellularity as reflected by restricted MRI diffusion may

113 ults in a dramatic loss of the thyroid gland cellularity, associated with down-regulation of thyroid

114 release of collagenase and PDGF-AB increases cellularity at the interface and within the scaffold, as

115 Transition in cellularity at the radiological margin did not differ ac

116 iated with a profound reduction in cartilage cellularity attributable to increased cell death.

117 diffusion basis spectrum imaging-determined cellularity, axon and myelin injury metrics closely corr

118 is measure is not predictive of total marrow cellularity, because the biopsy volume is typically smal

119 Lck-Cre transgene greatly diminished thymic cellularity, blocked thymocyte development at the double

120 ellularity and most differences within +/-2% cellularity, but agreement between MP-IDEAL and histolog

121 es of marrow volume fraction and bone marrow cellularity by skeletal site.

122 In addition to survival studies, splenic cellularity, canonical markers of activation and prolife

123 7-/- mice revealed a similar extent of joint cellularity, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion des

124 Histology confirmed a reduction in joint cellularity, cartilage destruction, and bone erosion.

125 s subtype cases and only a minority of mixed cellularity cases, suggesting that B2M deficiency determ

126 ion of hnRNP L results in a decreased thymic cellularity caused by a partial block at the transition

127 Marked increases in bone marrow cellularity, CD34+ cell number, and frequency of early h

128 meters that allow control over cancer grade, cellularity, cell overlap ratio, image resolution, and o

129 ras displayed a dramatic reduction in thymic cellularity compared with control mice.

130 e postnatal period with gradual increases in cellularity, compartmentalization into T- and B-cell zon

131 A 2.7-fold increase in ONH cellularity confirmed glaucoma model cell proliferation.

132 ut mice had a significant decrease in thymic cellularity, corresponding with a 100-fold decrease in t

133 treated with an A2AR agonist, the glomerular cellularity, crescent formation, sclerotic glomeruli, an

134 asurements were subsequently correlated with cellularity data obtained utilizing current-standard des

135 ing is associated with decreased bone marrow cellularity, decreased adaptive immune system function,

136 elta, we show that these mice had reduced NK cellularity, defective Ly49C and Ly49I NK subset maturat

137 In summary, NAc cellularity differences and/or the lack of running-induc

138 of haematopoietic stem cells and bone marrow cellularity during ageing, and severely impairs stem cel

139 tain relatively intact peripheral B-lymphoid cellularity during homeostasis, they exhibit poor B-lymp

140 capacity, plays a role in regulating thymus cellularity during ontogeny.

141 xically improves diffusion and that reducing cellularity enhances diffusive macromolecular transport

142 ced survival, severely decreased bone-marrow cellularity, erythroid anemia and B cell lymphopenia.

143 in both spontaneous losses of quiescence and cellularity, especially within the CD8 subset.

144 odeling (0.75), simple analysis of the tumor cellularity estimated from imaging data (0.73), and the

145 real-time, on-line metabolite monitoring and cellularity estimation.

146 Tissues with live cellularity exceeding 50% were considered viable.

147 However, it is not known whether thymic cellularity feeds back to regulate the recruitment, surv

148 cell differentiation resulted in reduced EB cellularity, fetal liver kinase-1 (Flk-1) expression, an

149 choalveolar lavage protein concentration and cellularity following SEA challenge.

150 alpha-particle absorbed fraction with marrow cellularity have yet to be fully considered.

151 = 3.18; 95% CI: 1.23, 8.17), and with mixed-cellularity HL (OR = 4.25; 95% CI: 1.66, 10.90).

152 t, explaining the higher proportion of mixed cellularity HL found in PWAs.

153 , thereby increasing the proportion of mixed cellularity HL seen in PWAs.

154 HLA-DPB1*03:01, Val86 in HLA-DRB1) and mixed cellularity Hodgkin lymphoma (rs1633096, rs13196329, Val

155 in target mass with variable patient marrow cellularity (i.e., active marrow) but also corresponding

156 te parameter to account for patient-specific cellularity in BM mass predictive equations and is consi

157 FNgamma positivity, macrophage presence, and cellularity in herniated IVDs suggests a pattern of Th1

158 The thymic cellularity in KGF-treated aged mice increased about 4-f

159 trated as noninvasive means for measuring BM cellularity in patients.

160 uantification of B cells demonstrated higher cellularity in RA-associated IP (median 2.0%, interquart

161 bolic data for the determination of scaffold cellularity in real-time non-destructively.

162 rates in lesions due to the relatively dense cellularity in regions of inflammation of active atherom

163 basis spectrum imaging to quantify baseline cellularity in the absence and presence of vasogenic oed

164 s enhancement was characterized by increased cellularity in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid an

165 i-VEGF therapy--characterized by lower tumor cellularity in the central area, decreased pseudopalisad

166 Dermal cellularity in the contrast-treated group was fourfold t

167 c nerve revealed punctate regions of reduced cellularity in the ganglion cell layer and damage to opt

168 C57BL/6 genetic background exhibit increased cellularity in the granulocyte/myeloid progenitor compar

169 The N66S mutant virus caused increased cellularity in the lungs, as a result of monocyte and ne

170 antly, Tim-4 deficiency results in increased cellularity in the peritoneum.

171 Three years after the surgery, the cellularity in the stromal bed had not significantly cha

172 In fact, the observation of increased cellularity in tissues exposed to cyclic stress suggests

173 and in vitro analyses demonstrated higher TM cellularity in treated mice compared with littermate con

174 ted with chemotherapeutic agents to decrease cellularity in vitro.

175 The DP compartment has reduced cellularity in young mice and fails to undergo positive

176 Limits on DC and T cellularity in, and flux through, LN constrain the magni

177 opoiesis, morphologic dysplasia and BM hyper-cellularity, in a knock-in mouse model in which cyclin E

178 w examinations demonstrated increased marrow cellularity, including cells of the neutrophil series.

179 histologic analysis can be difficult in low-cellularity infiltrative gliomas.

180 glomerular crowding, decrease in glomerular cellularity, interstitial inflammation, and an elevated

181 The increased cellularity is accompanied by a four-fold decrease in ce

182 Although it has long been known that marrow cellularity is inversely correlated with G-CSF levels, t

183 that the inability to maintain normal thymic cellularity is likely caused by impaired maintenance of

184 Although this increase in splenic cellularity is often assumed to be due to the recruitmen

185 g a gene-trapped allele, we show that thymic cellularity is slightly reduced in the absence of Notch3

186 e current gold standard for measuring marrow cellularity is the bone marrow (BM) biopsy of the iliac

187 ing lymphocytes markedly increase lymph node cellularity, leading to organ expansion.

188 ting better collagen I deposition, decreased cellularity, less vascularity, and higher glycosaminogly

189 peripheral-blood cytopenias, reduced marrow cellularity, lower frequency of hematopoietic stem cells

190 tion, increased bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cellularity, markedly impaired surfactant biophysical fu

191 differences in cellularity of tumors, tumor cellularity may not be the sole determinant of the diffe

192 space (rho = -0.912, P = .007) than with the cellularity metrics (n = 288) nuclear area (rho = 0.422,

193 ferences between gland component volumes and cellularity metrics for multiple groups.

194 Gland component volumes and cellularity metrics were correlated with Gleason pattern

195 er than changes in the conventionally cited "cellularity" metrics, are likely to be the major contrib

196 ells combine to induce increasing degrees of cellularity, mitoses, hypoxia-induced neoangiogenesis an

197 ches were associated with depletion of organ cellularity, most prominent among the B-cell subset.

198 came the reduction of basal layer epithelial cellularity, mucosal thickness, and epithelial cell prol

199 w-derived cells does not affect lesion size, cellularity, necrosis, or inflammatory parameters in adv

200 studies were performed to deduce the minimum cellularity needed for genetic analysis.

201 gnificant reduction in mortality, glomerular cellularity, neutrophil numbers, and serum creatinine le

202 features, including significantly increased cellularity, nuclear grade, and proliferation.

203 9 were also inversely correlated with marrow cellularity observed in biopsies from MDS patients (P <

204 of 80 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or more, bone marrow cellularity of 40% or more or stored autologous hematopo

205 ived possessed viable TM, having a mean live cellularity of 71% (n = 14), comparable with freshly pos

206 neuronal survival, and markedly reduces the cellularity of adult retinas.

207 erosclerotic lesions augmented the extent of cellularity of atherosclerotic lesions, establishing AT2

208 The cellularity of fetal liver and bone marrow, the number a

209 Despite markedly reduced cellularity of hematopoietic progenitors in E18.5 bone m

210 Cellularity of local mesenteric lymph nodes, including T

211 The cellularity of lymph nodes in adult mice was reduced by

212 Instead, differences in the size and cellularity of lymph nodes were associated with decrease

213 Flow cytometric analyses confirmed that the cellularity of most of the immune cell subsets in the sp

214 An increase in the cellularity of multipotent progenitors is observed in yo

215 Mean live cellularity of nonviable tissue was 11% (n = 7).

216 IgG control and examined for the number and cellularity of pancreatic islets by immunofluorescence a

217 ced Peyer's patches, normal architecture and cellularity of secondary lymphoid tissues.

218 ene induced a transient increase in size and cellularity of skin-draining lymph nodes (LNs) in mice.

219 The reduced cellularity of the anterior stroma in Fuchs dystrophy do

220 nificantly higher compared with the measured cellularity of the CC lining at P15.

221 spite the intensive proliferation, the total cellularity of the CC lining at the L4 spinal segment si

222 ntensity of proliferation and determines the cellularity of the CC lining in reference to lumbar spin

223 keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, dense cellularity of the dermis with notably increased numbers

224 s in the SF, and 4) synovium and subsynovium cellularity of the knee joints of rabbits subjected to A

225 s no correlation between the ADC metrics and cellularity of the pilocytic astrocytomas, medulloblasto

226 In p27Kip1-/-; p130-/- mice, the cellularity of the spleens but not the thymi is signific

227 ation of an internal control to evaluate the cellularity of the test material is an important feature

228 nd increased apoptosis, resulting in reduced cellularity of the thymus.

229 We have visualized and quantified the live cellularity of the TM in situ.

230 In contrast, the cellularity of the trabecular meshwork in experimental (

231 consumption, and lactate production) and the cellularity of tissue-engineered cultures comprised of r

232 n in tissues can be used to characterize the cellularity of tumors and are valuable in assessing thei

233 ty is generally attributed to differences in cellularity of tumors, tumor cellularity may not be the

234 d adverse events or reduction in bone marrow cellularity or blast count) was observed, followed by 33

235 ot have altered thymic or splenic lymphocyte cellularity or differentiation.

236 ains at E11.5, with no change in the overall cellularity or volume of each shared primordium.

237 that in children with DD, suggest decreased cellularity, or density, at this early time point in ASD

238 noted in brachiocephalic artery lesion size, cellularity, or vessel wall apoptosis.

239 micro-computed tomography and biomechanics), cellularity (osteoblasts and osteoclasts), bone matrix (

240 patients when stratified according to sputum cellularity (P = 0.034).

241 erated recovery of BM sinusoidal vessels, BM cellularity, peripheral blood white blood cells (WBCs),

242 e without negative effects on megakaryocytic cellularity, ploidy, or morphology.

243 article, we show a striking 65% reduction in cellularity, preferential development of gammadelta vers

244 cell (TEC) cell-cycle exit and restricts TEC cellularity preferentially in the cortical TEC compartme

245 he thymocytes drastically reduced the thymic cellularity, primarily by reducing proliferation of the

246 Furthermore, bronchoalveolar lavage cellularity, pulmonary parenchymal inflammation, and tis

247 creased ADC, which correlated with increased cellularity (r = 0.77, P = .04), whereas no changes in A

248 haracteristics, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cellularity, rates of respiratory tract infection, colon

249 ce lacking Paf exhibited reduced bone marrow cellularity; reduced numbers of HSCs and committed proge

250 e stress might contribute to the decrease in cellularity reported in the TM tissue with both aging an

251 ymphocytes constituting <0.3% of total tumor cellularity, representing a significant improvement over

252 - 1.6% and 14.1 +/- 1.7% of the total plaque cellularity, respectively.

253 ies (proliferation decrease >/= 30% Ki-67 or cellularity response).

254 This reduction in cellularity resulted from greatly impaired lymphocyte en

255 cerbated inflammatory responses and elevated cellularity resulted in lung injury, epithelial regenera

256 ated allelic imbalanced regions in low tumor-cellularity samples or in low-proportion tumor subclones

257 fects presumably account for the near-normal cellularity seen in lymph nodes of PSGL-1(null) mice.

258 ADC was significantly correlated with cellularity, stromal component, and nuclear-cytoplasmic

259 on, diffusion basis spectrum imaging-derived cellularity strongly correlated with numbers of cell nuc

260 d age, EBV-encoded RNA positivity, and mixed cellularity subtype of CHL.

261 Nodular sclerosis and mixed-cellularity subtypes had similar frequency of CT45 expre

262 s were found for nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity subtypes.

263 ion and adipocyte diameter but not increased cellularity, suggesting that catch-up fat is primarily a

264 Their lymphoid organ size and cellularity, T and B cell subpopulations, Th cell and re

265 Corneal cellularity tends to normalize over time, and 3 years po

266 ll as increased draining lymph node size and cellularity, Th2 cytokine production in draining lymph n

267 Differences in matrix content and cellularity that might explain the imaging findings were

268 Using PLS-DA, unknown regions of cellularity that were otherwise unidentifiable by SIMS c

269 sing decreased more precipitously than mixed cellularity, thereby increasing the proportion of mixed

270 atenin and resulted in increased basal layer cellularity, thickened mucosa, and elevated epithelial c

271 ratinocytes and causes increased basal layer cellularity, thickened mucosa, and elevated epithelial c

272 that allowed an indirect estimation of tumor cellularity; this was further refined by the development

273 mokine modulation may help orchestrate local cellularity, thus minimizing competition for space and r

274 pmental defects, ranging from reduced thymic cellularity to a complete block in T cell development.

275 ated mice, resulting in an equivalent thymic cellularity to young mice.

276 ed herein can establish the diagnosis of low-cellularity tumors like glioma and could be adapted to t

277 The reduced DP and increased DN cellularity typically seen in TCR transgenics was not ob

278 contrast agent-enhanced (DCE)-MRI and tumor cellularity using diffusion-weighted MRI of the apparent

279 results occurred in samples with suboptimal cellularity, vaginal contamination, and a low viral load

280 dendrogliomas are characterized by increased cellularity, vascular proliferation, small regions of ne

281 killed at various times, and lacrimal gland cellularity was analyzed by flow cytometry.

282 to the latest WHO classification, and tumor cellularity was calculated.

283 The increase in HSC cellularity was caused by both genetic lupus risk factor

284 Although thymic cellularity was comparable between wild type (WT) and DK

285 Thymic cellularity was comparable in 3- to 4-week-old mice, but

286 es now show that, in CD11a(-/-) mice, thymic cellularity was decreased and early T cell development w

287 Although thymic cellularity was diminished in p45(-/-) mice, transition

288 Lamina propria cellularity was evaluated by immunostaining and flow cyt

289 BAL cellularity was examined in relation to mortality (n = 1

290 Loss of quiescence but not cellularity was inhibited by rapamycin.

291 A 90-fold decrease in thymic cellularity was observed in the dCK KO mice relative to

292 According to our calculations, the estimated cellularity was significantly higher compared with the m

293 Thymocyte cellularity was significantly reduced in the compound kn

294 Proteinuria and renal glomerular cellularity were measured and renal immune complexes wer

295 hage phagocytosis and bronchoalveolar lavage cellularity were not different in P. aeruginosa-infected

296 .77, P = .04), whereas no changes in ADC and cellularity were observed in orthotopic tumors.

297 ice had similar increases in spleen size and cellularity which were statistically significantly highe

298 ed a mildly hypercellular marrow (70% to 80% cellularity), with an elevated myeloid:erythroid ratio o

299 dominantly responsible for diminished spleen cellularity, with fewer memory cells and a failure of ho

300 /-) mice demonstrated enhanced BM and spleen cellularity, with significantly increased numbers of HSC