ライフサイエンスコーパス: cellulase

1 e reaction after nitrocellulose digestion by cellulase.

2 completion without expression of a family 48 cellulase.

3 ter removing mucilage using the xylanase and cellulase.

4 nding module from CipA in complex with Cel8A cellulases.

5 monooxygenases that enhance the activity of cellulases.

6 lly, which confirmed that these proteins are cellulases.

7 Family 6 cellulases compared to GH Family 7 cellulases.

8 vated temperatures, unlike commercial fungal cellulases.

9 to computationally distinguish them from non-cellulases.

10 ntly increases product binding to processive cellulases.

11 ulases much more strongly than nonprocessive cellulases.

12 used to screen metagenomics data for "true" cellulases.

13 can be accomplished by fungal and bacterial cellulases.

14 re optimal for activity of commercial fungal cellulases.

15 om the performance barriers affecting fungal cellulases.

16 trategy that utilizes multi-catalytic domain cellulases.

17 ganism despite the presence of several other cellulases.

18 ollection contains hundreds of highly stable cellulases.

19 , including 10 of the 23 predicted N. crassa cellulases.

20 d by identifying proteins that can stimulate cellulases.

21 nism for the study of secreted, thermostable cellulases.

22 of a range of glycoside hydrolases including cellulases.

23 t information for the selection of technical cellulases.

24 ere able to strongly enhance the activity of cellulases.

25 icyanide, on nitrocellulose films treated by cellulases.

26 n cellulosome chimeras with key cellulosomal cellulases.

27 (6 and 10ppm), xylanase (70 and 120ppm) and cellulase (35 and 60ppm) on the rheological properties o

28 ld (369.23+/-0.11mug) in 1h in comparison to cellulase (359+/-0.30mug) and pectinases (333+/-0.55mug)

29 Among the 25 enzymes, 10 cellulases, 4 xylanases, 3 mannanases, 2 xyloglucanases,

30 ctrochemical assay for the total activity of cellulase, a hydrolytic enzyme widely used in food and t

31 f cellulose synthesis in Archaeplastida, and cellulases absent in terrestrial plants as well as the o

32 a comprehensive kinetic model for processive cellulases acting on insoluble substrates to explain thi

33 yet this approach has not been utilized for cellulases acting on their natural substrate, insoluble

34 A key component of cellulase action on cellulose is product inhibition from

35 Product inhibition negatively impacts cellulase action, but experimental measurements of produ

36 ccurring on the cellulosic substrate through cellulase action.

37 n deconstruction are essential to understand cellulase action.

38 Cellulases active above 100 degrees C may assist in biof

39 Numerical values of cellulase activities measured with the QCM method showed

40 Trichoderma and Aspergillus niger cellulases activities were determined in a 5 min assay w

41 ited a more generalist phenotype with higher cellulase activity and growth capabilities on different

42 e URA3 counter selection was shown to detect cellulase activity based on cleavage of a tetrasaccharid

43 Purification of the soluble cellulase activity from a 300litre cultivation of this c

44 Increased cellulase activity is achieved in stress environments (s

45 nments (switching carbon sources), otherwise cellulase activity is minimized to conserve ATP.

46 eans of inducing an organism-level change in cellulase activity is to use laboratory adaptive evoluti

47 The enhancement in apparent cellulase activity was attributed to the "amorphous-like

48 The three with the highest cellulase activity were Actinosynnema mirum, Cellulomona

49 ourse of evolution concurrent with decreased cellulase activity, increased intracellular ATP concentr

50 to cellulose is known to be proportional to cellulase activity, such that increasing binding affinit

51 Although linker modifications can alter cellulase activity, the functional role of linkers beyon

52 rils to elucidate molecular level details of cellulase activity.

53 nd eight of the organisms showed evidence of cellulase activity.

54 es balance ATP energetic considerations with cellulase activity.

55 ring growth on crystalline cellulose and for cellulase activity.

56 extracellular proteins that showed increased cellulase activity.

57 crystallinity of different substrates to the cellulase activity.

58 provide insights into the initial events of cellulase adsorption and diffusion on cellulose.

59 Despite numerous studies documenting cellulase adsorption to lignin, few attempts have been m

60 r cellulosomes alongside an endo- and an exo-cellulase also converted to the cellulosomal mode.

61 Supplementation to cellulases also resulted in an increased cellulose hydro

62 loped by pre-treating the stevia leaves with cellulase and adding soluble starch as the glucosyl dono

63 e of 36-45min and the cocktail of pectinase, cellulase and hemicellulase, set at 2% each, gave the be

64 iments are presented that utilize commercial cellulase and laccase enzymes, which are known to modify

65 er, the presence of xylanase, alpha-amylase, cellulase and lipase resulted in bread with greater quan

66 hing to a catalytic site template from a GH9 cellulase and other analyses point to a putative catalyt

67 rs, agitation, liquid/solid (L/S) ratio, and cellulase and protease addition, on extraction yield of

68 t response, including induction of all major cellulase and some major hemicellulase genes.

69 xtraction by using three enzymes (pectinase, cellulase and tannase) and an enzymatic blend to increas

70 Enzymatic extractions with Cellulase and Viscozyme were responsible for highest ext

71 Cellulase and xylanase under five different combinations

72 In T. fusca, cellulases and a putative cellobiose ABC transporter are

73 e enzymes enhance the hydrolytic activity of cellulases and are essential for cost-efficient conversi

74 is achieved by the action of a wide range of cellulases and associated enzymes.

75 s identified structural elements that define cellulases and can be used to computationally distinguis

76 and, despite the growth limitation, produced cellulases and degraded cellulose more efficiently.

77 al methods are unable to distinguish between cellulases and enzymes with different substrate specific

78 e biocatalysts (i.e. alcohol dehydrogenases, cellulases and esterases) that are active and stable at

79 ymes in buffalo rumen metagenome and that of cellulases and hemicellulases in termite hindgut was obs

80 zymes of T. reesei, its genome encodes fewer cellulases and hemicellulases than any other sequenced f

81 erma reesei is the main industrial source of cellulases and hemicellulases used to depolymerize bioma

82 Genetically engineering plants to produce cellulases and hemicellulases, and to reduce the need fo

83 model organism for the study of thermostable cellulases and is a major degrader of plant cell walls.

84 be used for in silico discrimination between cellulases and non-cellulases belonging to GH48 is an om

85 approach supported by experimental studies, cellulases and non-cellulases can be effectively identif

86 work focuses both on improved attributes of cellulases and on the domains of cellulase that have bee

87 robes including Clostridium species organize cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases into large comp

88 otential to impact the discovery of improved cellulases and other glycosylhydrolases for biomass conv

89 However, the cellulases and pretreatment processes involved are very

90 Here, we explore the diversity of cellulases and propose a genomic approach to overcome th

91 repancies reported for binding constants for cellulases and suggest that product inhibition will vary

92 The model is applicable to individual cellulases and their mixtures at low-to-medium enzyme lo

93 studied on a panel of relevant glycosidases (cellulases and xylanases) in microtiter plates.

94 All of these approaches involve multiple cellulases and, since cellulose is insoluble and microor

95 to dabsyl-tagged enzyme substrates to screen cellulases, and for the analysis of plant cell wall hemi

96 ies on the consortium, a 90 kDa, multidomain cellulase, annotated as a member of the TIM barrel glyco

97 Secreted mixtures of Hypocrea jecorina cellulases are able to efficiently degrade cellulosic bi

98 lternatively, in certain anaerobic microbes, cellulases are assembled into large multienzymes complex

99 some, CelR also regulates cellulases, while cellulases are controlled by different regulatory sites

100 Bacterial GH Family 6 cellulases are found with structured domains in either N

101 microorganisms cannot ingest particles, the cellulases are present outside of the cell although they

102 In aerobic microrganisms, cellulases are secreted as free enzymes.

103 However, the reported koff values of cellulases are strongly dependent on the method used for

104 Cellulose-degrading enzymes (cellulases) are often modular, with catalytic domains fo

105 nzymatically responsive to both nuclease and cellulase, as well as small molecules, showing great pot

106 the basis of its ease of use, we expect this cellulase assay platform to be applicable to enzyme scre

107 iently degrades beta-1,4-glucans in in vitro cellulase assays with carboxymethyl-cellulose as substra

108 In contrast, the most tolerant cellulase behaves similarly in water and in ionic-liquid

109 co discrimination between cellulases and non-cellulases belonging to GH48 is an omega-loop located on

110 These symbionts lack cellulases but encode a distinctive and lineage-specific

111 tion of expansins for cellulose digestion by cellulases, but only rarely to an extent that is commerc

112 wer binding partition coefficient for fungal cellulases, but surprisingly, it enhanced hydrolytic act

113 duct binding on processive and nonprocessive cellulases by calculating the binding free energy of cel

114 ost cellulolytic bacteria have one family 48 cellulase, C. thermocellum has two, Cel48S and Cel48Y.

115 esults show for the first time that a single cellulase can be essential for cellulose degradation by

116 at highly homogeneous populations of labeled cellulases can be achieved.

117 by experimental studies, cellulases and non-cellulases can be effectively identified within a given

118 Cellulose is the main polymer in biomass and cellulases can hydrolyze it to cellobiose, which can be

119 lose) and 60-70% lower maximum surface-bound cellulase capacity.

120 port the first high-throughput selection for cellulase catalysts.

121 e find that the two most abundantly secreted cellulases, CBH-1 and CBH-2, depend on distinct ER cargo

122 s a suite of enzymes including endo- and exo-cellulases, CBM33 polysaccharide-monooxygenases, and hem

123 e binding mode, Doc124A directs the appended cellulase, Cel124A, to the surface of C. thermocellum an

124 ynergistic GH9 with the major endoprocessive cellulase Cel48F, but also identify Cel9U as an importan

125 yptophans in the Trichoderma reesei family 6 cellulase (Cel6A) to alanine.

126 e pre-steady-state regime for the exo-acting cellulase Cel7A using amperometric biosensors and an exp

127 the bacterial cellulase CelA with the fungal cellulase Cel7A.

128 equence is 78% identical to the cellulosomal cellulase Cel9E, was found inactive in the free and comp

129 g the cellulolytic activity of the bacterial cellulase CelA with the fungal cellulase Cel7A.

130 CBM) 4 Ig fused domain from the cellulosomal cellulase cellobiohydrolase A (CbhA) of Clostridium ther

131 mbination enables quantitative prediction of cellulase chimera thermostability and efficient identifi

132 f fungal cellobiohydrolase class II (CBH II) cellulase chimeras made by SCHEMA recombination of three

133 ands are disrupted by water in nonprocessive cellulase clefts, and the lack of long tunnel-forming lo

134 The activity of a cellulase cocktail is clearly evident through the TOF-SI

135 sLac acted synergistically with a commercial cellulase cocktail to increase glucose production from S

136 The inhibitory action of lignin on cellulase cocktails is a major challenge to the biologic

137 A prominent example is the cellulase cocktails secreted by fungi and bacteria for d

138 could potentially be used to design improved cellulase cocktails, thus lowering the overall cost of b

139 of the biochemically characterized bacterial cellulases come from only a few cellulose-degrading bact

140 nkers are observed in eukaryotic GH Family 6 cellulases compared to GH Family 7 cellulases.

141 y hot-air, far-infrared radiation (FIR), and cellulase, compared with raw samples.

142 ellulovorans' multidomain GHs assembled into cellulase complexes through glycosylation.

143 Cellulases comprise many glycoside hydrolase families an

144 Modular cellulases contain non-catalytic type A carbohydrate-bin

145 which requires neither an edible plant nor a cellulase, could enable crude biomass to be the sole sou

146 ses for biomass conversion from libraries of cellulases created by mutagenesis or obtained from natur

147 onstrate that the small, noncomplexed fungal cellulases deconstruct cell walls using mechanisms that

148 Acid pre-treatment and cellulase digestion released significantly more sugars f

149 Following cellulase digestion, we measured a significant decrease

150 The sole noncellulosomal GH9 (Cel9W) is a cellulase displaying a broad substrate specificity, whos

151 nt within and between twins (e.g., predicted cellulases, dockerins), and transcriptional activities.

152 less severe pretreatment and 300-400% lower cellulase dosages for equivalent product yields using si

153 Understanding the enzymatic mechanism that cellulases employ to degrade cellulose is critical to ef

154 harides and form a complex with cellulosomal cellulases endoglucanase B (EngB) and endoglucanase L (E

155 mising approach involves the application of "cellulase-enhancing factors," such as those from the gly

156 Using a cellulase enzyme (Celluclast(R) 1.5L), different paramet

157 -29 cargo adaptors, as well as their role in cellulase enzyme trafficking.

158 enesis to validate these findings on a model cellulase enzyme, an endoglucanase from the thermophilic

159 Cellulase enzymes cleave glycosidic bonds in cellulose t

160 Cellulase enzymes deconstruct cellulose to glucose, and

161 errogate the requirements for trafficking of cellulase enzymes from the endoplasmic reticulum to the

162 , in which polysaccharides are hydrolyzed by cellulase enzymes into simple sugars and fermented to et

163 Cellulase enzymes often contain carbohydrate-binding mod

164 Currently, the cost of cellulase enzymes remains a key economic impediment to c

165 he fungus Trichoderma reesei, which secretes cellulase enzymes to hydrolyze lignocellulosic biomass i

166 enome scale for diverse phenotypes including cellulase expression, isobutanol production, glycerol ut

167 Flavourzyme and Cellulase extracts are richer in macro (Mg, K and P) and

168 was observed in ultrasound, Flavourzyme and Cellulase extracts.

169 ological perspective due to the diversity of cellulase families, their unique assembly and substrate

170 nous (i.e., of termite origin) and symbiotic cellulases, feed primarily on wood and wood-related mate

171 strains may significantly improve yields of cellulases for cellulosic biofuel production.

172 opment of novel pretreatments and engineered cellulases for cost-effective biofuels production.

173 eatly facilitate the engineering of improved cellulases for the large-scale conversion of plant bioma

174 es, and structure of a unique endogenous GH7 cellulase from an animal, the marine wood borer Limnoria

175 We have demonstrated that the CelA cellulase from Caldicellulosiruptor bescii degrades high

176 erma reesei ; thus it can be used to compare cellulases from different organisms.

177 cific genomic locus that encodes multidomain cellulases from GH families 9 and 48, which are associat

178 aken together, Dpi protects key cellulosomal cellulases from proteolysis in H10.

179 quid tolerance among three distinct family 5 cellulases from Trichoderma viride, Thermogata maritima,

180 irst step in building an inventory of stable cellulases from which optimized enzyme mixtures for biom

181 Many fungal cellulases function optimally at pH ~5, and their activi

182 This study investigated cellulase gene diversity, structure, and activity in the

183 lucosidase activity, but efficiently induces cellulase gene expression and cellulolytic activity in t

184 of the clr-2 homolog (clrB) failed to induce cellulase gene expression and lacked cellulolytic activi

185 porters (Delta3betaGDelta2T) does not induce cellulase gene expression in response to cellobiose.

186 ns for both transporters is unable to induce cellulase gene expression in response to crystalline cel

187 lucosidase activity, but efficiently induces cellulase gene expression in the presence of cellobiose,

188 Thus, the ability to induce cellulase gene expression using a common and soluble car

189 ce of an inducer is not sufficient to induce cellulase gene expression.

190 o not greatly impact cellobiose induction of cellulase gene expression.

191 y shows that deletion of the single family 9 cellulase gene in Clostridium phytofermentans prevents g

192 rows perfectly well on glucose and its other cellulase genes are transcribed normally.

193 argeted gene disruptions of all 13 predicted cellulase genes showed that only cel5B and cel6A were re

194 verify the importance of a highly expressed cellulase (GH6 family cellobiohydrolase) and the CebR tr

195 , combination of alpha-amylase, xylanase and cellulase had a synergetic effect on the dough rheology.

196 A new method to determine the activity of cellulase has been developed using a quartz crystal micr

197 The intrinsic processivity (P(Intr)) of cellulases has been shown to be governed by the rate con

198 3 fungal class II cellobiohydrolases (CBH II cellulases) has yielded a collection of highly thermosta

199 Cellulases, hemicellulases including mannanases and othe

200 catalytic subunits containing cell-adherent cellulases, hemicellulases, xylanases, and other glycosi

201 Cellulases hydrolyze beta-1,4 glycosidic linkages in cel

202 which we show coincided with a radiation of cellulases implicated in cell division.

203 trates, and different synergies with pivotal cellulases in mini-cellulosomes.

204 e measured hydrolytic rates of four purified cellulases in small increments of temperature (10-50 deg

205 Finally, incorporation of all GH9 cellulases in trivalent cellulosome chimera containing C

206 f all ESTs represent genes encoding putative cellulases, including glycosyl hydrolase family 7 (GH7)

207 Agitation and addition of cellulases increased oil extraction yield, indicating th

208 However, alpha-amylase and cellulase incubation caused significant increases in the

209 leads to the conclusion that synergism among cellulases is morphology-dependent and governed by the c

210 drolysis and the synergistic interplay among cellulases is yet poorly understood.

211 ing cellulases with improved activity from a cellulase library created by family DNA shuffling.

212 the need for additional studies to elucidate cellulase linker functions.

213 Here we investigate cellulase linkers connecting GH Family 6 or 7 catalytic

214 This study suggests that cellulase linkers may exhibit function in enzyme action,

215 tive N-glycosylation sites are quite rare in cellulase linkers, while an N-P motif, which strongly di

216 50 degrees C allows a 2.5-fold reduction in cellulase loading compared with using Saccharomyces cere

217 ts to linkers are relevant for understanding cellulase mechanisms.

218 h known activities comprising (carboxymethyl)cellulases, mixed-linkage endo-glucanases, and endo-xylo

219 at enhanced levels of HjCel3A in H. jecorina cellulase mixtures benefit the conversion of cellulose t

220 those of lower crystallinity indices for the cellulase mixtures examined.

221 Cellulase mixtures from Hypocrea jecorina are commonly u

222 LPMOs that are present in current commercial cellulase mixtures in part is due to hitherto undetected

223 s between hydrolysis with endoglucanases and cellulase mixtures were observed.

224 w covers the topic of protein engineering of cellulases, mostly after 2009.

225 suggest that cellobiose binds to processive cellulases much more strongly than nonprocessive cellula

226 Overall, this study suggests that marine cellulases offer significant potential for utilization i

227 ving the coordinated expression of different cellulases, often in a synergistic manner.

228 structural characterization of the action of cellulases on a nano-flat cellulose preparation, which e

229 ces higher concentrations of secreted active cellulases on cellobiose.

230 amount of productive binding for processive cellulases on cellulose.

231 three enzymes; alpha-amylase, pectinase and cellulase onto amino-functionalized magnetic nanoparticl

232 proach to be amenable to thermophile-derived cellulases or to the separation of multiple species usin

233 Phytase + xylanase + cellulase (P + X + C) treatment increased iron bioaccess

234 tevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves with cellulase, pectinase and hemicellulase, using various pa

235 inations of solvent and enzyme, enzyme type (cellulase, pectinase, ss-glucosidase), and hydrolysis ti

236 oposed to secrete hydrolytic enzymes such as cellulases, pectinases, and proteases that may contribut

237 nd may thus be a general strategy to enhance cellulase performance.

238 Cellulases play an important role in processing biomass

239 Also, ethanol extract of cellulase pre-treated ginger had the maximum polyphenol

240 for reliable computational identification of cellulases precludes their exploration in the genomic da

241 surface ablation mechanism driven by general cellulase processivity, but also excavates extensive cav

242 To provide molecular level insights into cellulase product inhibition, we examine the impact of p

243 ngineering of filamentous fungi for improved cellulase production is hampered by our incomplete knowl

244 r in related ascomycetes used for industrial cellulase production.

245 of application of alpha-amylase, viscozyme, cellulase, protease and pectinase enzymes to ginger on t

246 levels of pectate lyase, polygalacturonase, cellulase, protease, and E. carotovora subsp. carotovora

247 Similarly, the addition of cellulase, protease, lipase and glucose-oxidase did not

248 Both the development and the application of cellulases require an understanding of the activities of

249 Finally, the utility of the cellulase selection was assessed by isolating cellulases

250 Cellulase significantly increased the amount of vanillic

251 Despite the wealth of knowledge about cellulase structure and function, the elusive mechanism

252 nd the molecular-level implications of pH in cellulase structure, we use a hybrid, solvent-based, con

253 ty in hydrolytic activity found in different cellulase-substrate systems.

254 anization resembles the one adopted by other cellulases (such as cellobiohydrolases, for example) tha

255 to biofuels is dependent on highly efficient cellulase systems that produce near-quantitative levels

256 endoglucanase (EG), the major components of cellulase systems, take on distinct roles: EG and CBH II

257 Similar to other fungal and bacterial cellulase systems, the multienzyme cellulosome system of

258 quent digestion by two commercially relevant cellulase systems.

259 tributes of cellulases and on the domains of cellulase that have been improved.

260 n intermediate strategy, secreting many free cellulases that contain multiple catalytic domains.

261 aori: to join), not directly associated with cellulases, that mediate attachment to cellulose by spec

262 atically (beta-glucuronidase/arylsulphatase, cellulase), the compounds separated on a reversed phase

263 Despite extensive research on cellulases there are major gaps in our understanding of

264 The surface-disrupting activity of cellulases therefore strongly depends on mesoscopic stru

265 ed to existing medium-throughput screens for cellulases, this assay has the potential to impact the d

266 allinity substrates making it the only known cellulase to function well on highly crystalline cellulo

267 or the prevention of unproductive binding of cellulase to the biomass lignin.

268 ondition obtained was: liquid to solid (LS), cellulase to xylanase and enzymes to matter ratios of 22

269 y, we show that prior action of LPMO enables cellulases to attack otherwise highly resistant crystall

270 r 2 CBMs, from both bacterial and eukaryotic cellulases to identify conserved characteristics potenti

271 ic constant that reflects the ability of the cellulases to overcome substrate recalcitrance.

272 The contents of gamma-oryzanol in cellulase treated ground rice husk were significantly in

273 alpha- and gamma-tocopherols in hot-air and cellulase treated rice bran were remained unchanged.

274 io-active constituents in the oleoresin from cellulase-treated ginger.

275 n of the lignocellulosic residue followed by cellulase treatment and conversion to ethanol at a high

276 In grape pomace, cellulase treatment was not efficient for phenolic relea

277 nitrocellulose film and is evoked after the cellulase treatment.

278 phenolic content (TPC) than did hot-air and cellulase treatments for all samples.

279 ide and disaccharides in the product site of cellulase tunnel.

280 and and the cellobiose product in processive cellulase tunnels and the additional stabilization from

281 Components of modular cellulases, type-A cellulose-binding modules (CBMs) bind

282 to D-lactate (50 degrees C and pH 5.0), the cellulase usage could be reduced to 1/3 that required fo

283 of the structural and dynamic features that cellulases utilize to bind a single strand of crystallin

284 demonstrate how the synergistic activity of cellulases was enhanced by altering the hydrogen bond ne

285 lexin produced in response to elicitation by cellulase, was investigated.

286 Gal), endo-1,4-beta-D-glucanase (EGase), and cellulase were monitored during growth and ripening of S

287 Simulations of the three cellulases were conducted at a range of temperatures in

288 o effect on product binding in nonprocessive cellulases, whereas it significantly increases product b

289 In some, CelR also regulates cellulases, while cellulases are controlled by different

290 ndustrially important GH Family 7 processive cellulases with free energy perturbation/replica-exchang

291 search is being carried out to try to obtain cellulases with higher activity on pretreated biomass su

292 ellulase selection was assessed by isolating cellulases with improved activity from a cellulase libra

293 ng and sequencing new organisms, engineering cellulases with improved properties and by identifying p

294 are the Cel7A linker with linkers from other cellulases with sequence-based tools to predict disorder

295 ulose-binding proteins and is applied to tag cellulases with three different fluorophores.

296 Family 7 enzymes from other genera and other cellulases within T. reesei may not be as disordered, wa

297 nd a 2.6-fold enhancement compared with free cellulases without LPMO enhancement.

298 ion system, whereby endogenous and symbiotic cellulases work sequentially and collaboratively across

299 Our engineered strains express cellulase, xylanase, beta-glucosidase, and xylobiosidase

300 xylanase under five different combinations (cellulase/xylanase: 50/0, 50/25, 50/50, 25/50, and 0/50