ライフサイエンスコーパス: chemical energy

1 ), harvesting solar energy and storing it as chemical energy.

2 isomes, to harvest and convert sunlight into chemical energy.

3 photosynthetic assembly to be converted into chemical energy.

4 any processes, including light conversion to chemical energy.

5 is the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy.

6 quires an efficient means for its storage as chemical energy.

7 that store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy.

8 most useful way to convert solar energy into chemical energy.

9 m's most important role is in the release of chemical energy.

10 is occur during the conversion of light into chemical energy.

11 energy into mechanical energy and back into chemical energy.

12 hanisms to efficiently convert sunlight into chemical energy.

13 d thus do not convert actual light energy to chemical energy.

14 ffuse fluids that are replete with potential chemical energy.

15 dark subsurface ecosystems, is supported by chemical energy.

16 nthetic reactions that convert sunlight into chemical energy.

17 RC) from purple bacteria converts light into chemical energy.

18 motor motion is biased through a coupling to chemical energy.

19 nthesis, the conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

20 hotochemical conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

21 membrane potential into biologically useful chemical energy.

22 t and growth by converting solar energy into chemical energy.

23 nd bacteria absorb light and convert it into chemical energy.

24 equilibrium by the continuous consumption of chemical energy.

25 ial ATP synthase fuels eukaryotic cells with chemical energy.

26 synthetic machinery that converts light into chemical energy.

27 opsin's ability to convert light energy into chemical energy.

28 ure of solar radiation and its conversion to chemical energy.

29 ncy of the transduction of light energy into chemical energy.

30 rive photosynthesis by converting light into chemical energy.

31 ntial metabolic process, provides cells with chemical energy.

32 plants converts the energy of sunlight into chemical energy.

33 ein complexes that convert light energy into chemical energy.

34 otosynthetic conversion of light energy into chemical energy.

35 ithin the cell, the conversion of light into chemical energy; 236 proteins were found in the signific

36 renewable source of energy into the form of chemical energy (a fuel).

37 cyanobacteria convert sunlight and CO2 into chemical energy and biomass.

38 Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates chemical energy and generates heat to protect animals fr

39 volving complex I converts redox energy into chemical energy and likely evolved from a simple anaerob

40 The chemical energy and radicals from an oscillating chemica

41 Light drives the production of chemical energy and reducing equivalents in photosynthet

42 ecular-level separations in industrial-scale chemical, energy and environmental processes.

43 ecular-level separations in industrial-scale chemical, energy and environmental processes.

44 However, nucleoli actively consume chemical energy, and it is unclear how such nonequilibri

45 A. palmeri flowers provide six times as much chemical energy as flowers of D. wrightii.

46 rown and beige adipose tissues can dissipate chemical energy as heat through thermogenic respiration,

47 Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates chemical energy as heat through uncoupling protein 1 (UC

48 issue is a thermogenic organ that dissipates chemical energy as heat to protect animals against hypot

49 ic brown and beige adipose tissues dissipate chemical energy as heat, and their thermogenic activitie

50 in 1, a mitochondrial enzyme that dissipates chemical energy as heat.

51 ss uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and dissipate chemical energy as heat.

52 olymer translocation and the coupling to the chemical energy (as well as nucleotide pairing energies)

53 tations by converting mechanical energy into chemical energy at a cell-level.

54 ong the antennae pigments and converted into chemical energy at very high efficiency.

55 ng the molecular nature of the conversion of chemical energy (ATP hydrolysis in the alpha/beta-subuni

56 s unclear how these DNA translocases harness chemical energy (ATP turnover) to perform mechanical wor

57 The results show that 0.68 of the chemical energy available from ATP splitting was convert

58 er represents roughly 38-48% of the embedded chemical energy available in the whole of the discharged

59 chanically flexible, and able to harness the chemical energy available inside biological systems.

60 This includes (bio)fuel cells harvesting chemical energy, (bio)solar cells harvesting solar energ

61 hesis, light energy is stored in the form of chemical energy by converting CO2 and water into carbohy

62 d organic dyes to convert visible light into chemical energy by engaging in single-electron transfer

63 Sunlight is absorbed and converted to chemical energy by photosynthetic organisms.

64 emical cells, sunlight may be converted into chemical energy by splitting water into hydrogen and oxy

65 Electrolysis converts electrical energy into chemical energy by storing electrons in the form of stab

66 ideal combustible for fuel cells wherein its chemical energy can be converted directly into electrica

67 The chemical energy can be used as a fuel or converted back

68 n-driven transport is one mechanism by which chemical energy can directly drive the motion of particl

69 s--that binding energy can be converted into chemical energy--can be exploited to 'fine-tune' the phy

70 nthesis, light is used for the production of chemical energy carriers to fuel biological activity.

71 photocatalytic systems for the synthesis of chemical energy carriers.

72 ural process of solar energy conversion into chemical energy carriers.

73 the context of the sustainable production of chemical energy carriers.

74 how that the relative impacts of thermal and chemical energy change across organizational scales.

75 eaction centers to convert light energy into chemical energy, chlorophototrophy, occurs in organisms

76 are macromolecular machines that convert the chemical energy contained in ATP molecules into powerful

77 % of dry weight and approximately 10% of the chemical energy content of the leaf tissues.

78 for next-generation electronic, photonic and chemical energy conversion devices.

79 spectrum irradiation and a maximum solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency of 2.8%.

80 r play a dual role in enhancing the solar-to-chemical energy conversion efficiency.

81 ot only play a critical role in the solar to chemical energy conversion scheme, but also provide a no

82 -related properties associated with solar-to-chemical energy conversion, such as Fermi level, bandgap

83 er visible light photocatalysts for solar-to-chemical energy conversion.

84 ectrons in metal NPs that may be utilized in chemical energy conversion.

85 duced by plasmons achieve effective solar-to-chemical energy conversion.

86 fect has important consequences for light-to-chemical energy conversion.

87 and DeltarGo'B,298.15 represent non-thermal, chemical energy converted into thermal energy during a r

88 ebiotic environment that supplied sources of chemical energy could have produced additional species w

89 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the chemical energy currency of biology, is synthesized in e

90 gating model has been proposed in which the chemical energy derived from Ca2+ binding is transduced

91 of stored mechanical strain energy, whereas chemical energy derived from calcium binding is approxim

92 e surface stress, and can be used to convert chemical energy directly into a mechanical response, thu

93 Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with hig

94 Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy with hig

95 ) is a unique tissue that is able to convert chemical energy directly into heat when activated by the

96 ated engulfment minimizes the utilization of chemical energy during this dramatic cellular reorganiza

97 e developed highly efficient ways to convert chemical energy (e.g., ATP hydrolysis) to mechanical mot

98 drolysis products is essential for using the chemical energy efficiently.

99 distribution, the storage of electrical and chemical energy, energy efficiency, and better energy ma

100 rgy predicting shallow-water richness, while chemical energy (export productivity) and proximity to s

101 uld proceed efficiently, which could provide chemical energy for chemoautotrophic life.

102 Brown adipose tissue oxidizes chemical energy for heat generation and energy expenditu

103 , but continued copying requires a source of chemical energy for in situ nucleotide activation.

104 nts in which light energy is transduced into chemical energy, forming ATP and reduced carbon compound

105 genase occurs under ambient conditions using chemical energy from adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) hyd

106 wn to rely on myosin II motors which convert chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into forces on actin

107 that powers heart contraction by converting chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into mechanical forc

108 The dimeric motor protein kinesin-1 converts chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into mechanical work

109 Kinesin motors convert chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis into unidirectional

110 -binding cassette (ABC) transporters convert chemical energy from ATP hydrolysis to mechanical work f

111 Molecular motors have evolved to transduce chemical energy from ATP into mechanical work to drive e

112 tromere that integrates mechanical force and chemical energy from dynamic microtubules into directed

113 rts, the atomic-level mechanism transmitting chemical energy from hydrolysis into mechanical force th

114 Actin-myosin cross-bridges use chemical energy from MgATP hydrolysis to generate force

115 Our motors extract chemical energy from RNA molecules decorated on the nano

116 hat builds an electrochemical gradient using chemical energy from the reduction of O(2).

117 Due to the recovery of chemical energy from waste organics by the mild microbia

118 alysis, converting mechanical vibration into chemical energy, has emerged as a promising candidate fo

119 rotary molecular motors powered by light and chemical energy have been developed.

120 c reaction centers convert light energy into chemical energy in a series of transmembrane electron tr

121 ironmental aromatic acids are transformed to chemical energy in bacteria that possess the requisite s

122 Ps are molecular motor proteins that utilize chemical energy in cycles of ATP binding, hydrolysis, an

123 to the corresponding acids, conserving their chemical energy in form of ATP.

124 re important in converting light energy into chemical energy in green plants.

125 eport a method to store electrical energy as chemical energy in higher alcohols, which can be used as

126 stry plays a key role in the transduction of chemical energy in living systems.

127 nisms inhabiting methane seeps transform the chemical energy in methane to products that sustain rich

128 In general, these nanomotors consume chemical energy in order to undergo a series of shape ch

129 phur) serve as both nutrients and sources of chemical energy in reduced environments, both assimilati

130 ) is known to function in the dissipation of chemical energy in response to cold or excess feeding, a

131 membrane-based technologies that can convert chemical energy in salinity gradients to useful work.

132 During working contractions, chemical energy in the form of ATP is converted to exter

133 The requirement of chemical energy in the form of ATP to support systolic a

134 ay an integral role in maintaining levels of chemical energy in the form of ATP, which is essential f

135 conversion of carbon dioxide and water into chemical energy in the form of carbohydrates and the rel

136 rsion of the electronic excitation energy to chemical energy in the form of charge separation takes p

137 Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates chemical energy in the form of heat as a defence against

138 ose tissue (BAT) is specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat as a defense against

139 n fat and inducible beige fat both dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat through the actions

140 n adipose cells are specialized to dissipate chemical energy in the form of heat, as a physiological

141 Brown fat, on the other hand, dissipates chemical energy in the form of heat, thereby defending a

142 nergy expenditure through the dissipation of chemical energy in the form of heat, using mitochondrial

143 desirable because they can convert heat into chemical energy in the form of hydrogen.

144 Growth involves two flows of energy: the chemical energy in the monomers used to construct the ma

145 ell of a battery stores electrical energy as chemical energy in two electrodes, a reductant (anode) a

146 system is believed to be mostly sustained by chemical energy, in the form of fast-sinking particulate

147 Here, we show that the chemical energy inherent to isonitriles can be harnessed

148 erties but is also capable of converting the chemical energy input into mechanical work by lifting ob

149 In the absence of chemical energy input, these stability sensors can sensi

150 d by mechanical energy inputs, as well as by chemical energy inputs from ligand binding.

151 hondrial respiratory chain complexes convert chemical energy into a membrane potential by connecting

152 A classical battery converts chemical energy into a persistent voltage bias that can

153 ntified here for the efficient conversion of chemical energy into an electrochemical potential should

154 Synthetic nanomotors, which convert chemical energy into autonomous motion, hold considerabl

155 muscle fibres, flagella and cilia to convert chemical energy into co-ordinated movement remain poorly

156 DNA-based machines that walk by converting chemical energy into controlled motion could be of use i

157 uctase enzymes to catalyze the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy.

158 ells, in which living microorganisms convert chemical energy into electricity, represent a potentiall

159 Myosin motor proteins convert chemical energy into force and movement through their in

160 Actin-myosin II motor converts chemical energy into force/motion in muscle and nonmuscl

161 Thermogenic fat cells that convert chemical energy into heat are present in both mice and h

162 genesis is the cellular process transforming chemical energy into heat in response to cold.

163 Brown and beige adipocytes convert chemical energy into heat through uncoupled respiration

164 s composed of thermogenic cells that convert chemical energy into heat to maintain a constant body te

165 ally beneficial organ capable of dissipating chemical energy into heat, thereby increasing energy exp

166 ure, given its amazing capacity to transform chemical energy into heat.

167 The postulated direct conversion of chemical energy into kinetic energy via an activating mo

168 itated by motor proteins-proteins converting chemical energy into kinetic energy.

169 tanding out for the continuous conversion of chemical energy into light.

170 ses a unique rotational mechanism to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy and back into che

171 such as kinesin, myosin, or dynein, convert chemical energy into mechanical energy by hydrolyzing AT

172 such as kinesin, myosin, or dynein, convert chemical energy into mechanical energy by hydrolyzing AT

173 actions results in the efficient transfer of chemical energy into mechanical energy.

174 a theoretical model for the transduction of chemical energy into mechanical fluid flow in these syst

175 ust function as a molecular motor converting chemical energy into mechanical force as it moves over t

176 The conversion of chemical energy into mechanical force by AAA+ (ATPases a

177 el, the RecA class of ATPase motors converts chemical energy into mechanical force by the progressive

178 osin, the mechanism by which dynein converts chemical energy into mechanical force remains largely a

179 h contraction; and this contraction converts chemical energy into mechanical force to drive the iron-

180 led, synthetic active matters that transduce chemical energy into mechanical motion are examples of b

181 carry out biological processes by converting chemical energy into mechanical motion, their functions

182 ymatic molecules that function by converting chemical energy into mechanical motion.

183 For a cell to move forward it must convert chemical energy into mechanical propulsion.

184 Active matter locally converts chemical energy into mechanical work and, for this reaso

185 ar motors are diverse enzymes that transduce chemical energy into mechanical work and, in doing so, p

186 Biological molecular motors transform chemical energy into mechanical work by coupling cyclic

187 le, which are enabled by the transduction of chemical energy into mechanical work by polymerization p

188 Biological systems convert chemical energy into mechanical work by using protein ca

189 Hsp70s are optimized to effectively convert chemical energy into mechanical work close to physiologi

190 possibility of using ribozymes to transduce chemical energy into mechanical work for nucleic acid na

191 ration gradients and through the exchange of chemical energy into mechanical work.

192 Myosins are molecular motors that convert chemical energy into mechanical work.

193 plus ends that enables this transduction of chemical energy into mechanical work.

194 with force generation and the conversion of chemical energy into mechanical work.

195 important cellular processes by transforming chemical energy into mechanical work.

196 ein is a multisubunit ATPase that transforms chemical energy into motion along microtubules.

197 ions like a molecular motor that can convert chemical energy into the work of strand separation and t

198 chnology, which visualizes the conversion of chemical energy into visible light by luciferase enzymes

199 ses are driven by the internal conversion of chemical energy into work.

200 nvenient way to convert sunlight energy into chemical energy is a key step towards realizing large-sc

201 The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy is catalyzed by two multisubunit membran

202 thetic systems, the conversion of light into chemical energy is driven by electronic couplings that e

203 reaction centers, where long-term storage as chemical energy is initiated.

204 Because chemical energy is required to fuel systolic and diastol

205 fluenced biochemical kinetics allow but that chemical energy limits higher-order community structure

206 ypoxia, providing singlet oxygen from stored chemical energy may enhance the cell-killing effect and

207 responsible of the conversion of light into chemical energy occur in specific organelles, the chloro

208 rsion of light energy to biologically useful chemical energy occurs in the specialized thylakoid memb

209 etic organisms, the conversion of solar into chemical energy occurs in thylakoid membranes in the chl

210 lls, as devices for direct conversion of the chemical energy of a fuel into electricity by electroche

211 Firefly luciferase utilizes the chemical energy of ATP and oxygen to convert its substra

212 However, the mechanism how chemical energy of ATP facilitates translocation of chem

213 s conformational changes as it harnesses the chemical energy of ATP for active transport.

214 esses by which motor molecules transduce the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical moveme

215 is review focuses on how myosins convert the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical moveme

216 by Pantaloni and Carlier, transformation of chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into polymerization en

217 The model assumes that the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis is used through a loos

218 Helicases couple the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to directional translo

219 of a family of diverse proteins that use the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and

220 Proteins within this family harness the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to perform a broad ran

221 etic data, we determine how Rho utilizes the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate RNA.

222 porters are molecular pumps that harness the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to translocate solutes

223 s can generate electricity directly from the chemical energy of biofuels in physiological fluids, but

224 , the mechanical energy can compete with the chemical energy of cytoskeletal polymerization to regula

225 on between the strain energy of buckling and chemical energy of electronic hybridization between boro

226 ween active and inactive cofactor forms, the chemical energy of GTP hydrolysis is required for gating

227 types of artificial muscles that convert the chemical energy of high-energy-density fuels to mechanic

228 ing an important role in the transduction of chemical energy of hydrolysis of ATP into mechanical mov

229 the process of converting sunlight into the chemical energy of life.

230 ke other ligand-gated channels, converts the chemical energy of ligand binding to the mechanical forc

231 Helicases are motor enzymes that convert the chemical energy of NTP hydrolysis into mechanical force

232 Helicases are motor proteins that use the chemical energy of NTP hydrolysis to drive mechanical pr

233 helicases are motor proteins that couple the chemical energy of nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis to

234 proteins as nanomachines to convert light or chemical energy of nutrients into other forms of energy,

235 is the principal converter of sunlight into chemical energy on Earth.

236 ocesses: the conversion of solar energy into chemical energy, or the diffusion of CO(2) from the atmo

237 The continuous consumption of chemical energy powers biological systems so that they c

238 Our simulated pathways reveal that the chemical energy produced by ATP hydrolysis is harnessed

239 yme can also work in reverse and utilize the chemical energy released during ATP hydrolysis to genera

240 to how this protein efficiently converts the chemical energy released during the reaction ATP + H(2)O

241 97 functions as an ATP motor, converting the chemical energy released upon hydrolysis of ATP to ADP i

242 efficient interconversion of electrical and chemical energy requires the intimate coupling of electr

243 energy to useful work (electric currents or chemical energy, respectively), the question arises whet

244 ine by creatine kinase provides an essential chemical energy source that governs myocardial contracti

245 bon source for biosynthesis and an inorganic chemical energy source) is encoded within a genome that

246 ombined to create platforms for light-driven chemical energy storage and enhanced in-situ reaction mo

247 cleotide and lipid synthesis, signalling and chemical energy storage.

248 a cell's transmembrane proton gradient into chemical energy stored as ATP.

249 Molecular details of how the chemical energy stored in ATP is coupled to mechanical d

250 hanochemistry that efficiently harnesses the chemical energy stored in ATP to drive complex mechanica

251 roteins are biological machines that convert chemical energy stored in ATP to mechanical work.

252 splitting directly converts solar energy to chemical energy stored in hydrogen, a high energy densit

253 engineered processes to control the mixing, chemical energy stored in salinity gradients can be harn

254 al, all helicases function by converting the chemical energy stored in the bond between the gamma and

255 Pase) is a molecular motor that converts the chemical energy stored in the molecule adenosine triphos

256 r complexes often involves the conversion of chemical energy (stored or supplied) into mechanical wor

257 ons for the understanding and development of chemical energy technologies, which will rely on e(-)/H(

258 Each MT polymer is a store of chemical energy that can be used to do mechanical work,

259 Hydrogen gas is a storable form of chemical energy that could complement intermittent renew

260 e photochemical conversion of light into the chemical energy that fuels the planet Earth.

261 e motors that can operate autonomously using chemical energy (that is, the components move with net d

262 hlorophylls for the conversion of light into chemical energy, the driving force of life on Earth.

263 With the rapid depletion of this chemical energy, the earth is shifting back toward the i

264 biological systems is exclusively powered by chemical energy, this concept has not been realized in m

265 c effects or generating mechanical work from chemical energy through cooperative action.

266 ersion processes that can generate and store chemical energy through the breaking or formation of che

267 Rhodobacter sphaeroides converts light into chemical energy through the light induced two-electron,

268 Rhodobacter sphaeroides converts light into chemical energy through the reduction and protonation of

269 ial reaction center (RC) converts light into chemical energy through the reduction of an internal qui

270 The motors consume chemical energies to generate stresses and reorganize th

271 Here we describe a molecule that uses chemical energy to activate and bias a thermally induced

272 ctrochemical potential difference, providing chemical energy to almost all life on earth.

273 lar processes depend on enzymes that utilize chemical energy to catalyse unfavourable reactions.

274 The nature of the conversion of chemical energy to directional motion in myosin V is exa

275 reduces dioxygen to water and harnesses the chemical energy to drive proton translocation across the

276 act with HtrII, followed by transfer of this chemical energy to drive structural transitions in the t

277 tic fuel cells (EFCs) are devices to convert chemical energy to electrical energy via the oxidation o

278 Fuel cells directly and efficiently convert chemical energy to electrical energy.

279 bind to actin cytoskeletal filaments and use chemical energy to exert pulling forces.

280 e HAD family, it serves in the conversion of chemical energy to ion gradients.

281 f myosin plays a key role in transduction of chemical energy to mechanical displacement.

282 s of replisomes powered by the conversion of chemical energy to mechanical energy through ATP binding

283 f interrelated reactions, the heart converts chemical energy to mechanical energy.

284 ious mechanisms by which ring motors convert chemical energy to mechanical force or torque and coordi

285 re's solution to the efficient conversion of chemical energy to mechanical movement.

286 dynamic structural changes, thus converting chemical energy to mechanical work, ultimately resulting

287 How do molecular motors convert chemical energy to mechanical work?

288 olecular assemblies that utilize thermal and chemical energy to perform essential, multistep, cellula

289 impulsive force to actin while consuming ATP chemical energy to propel myosin thick filaments relativ

290 Its cell-wall-anchored motor uses chemical energy to rotate a microns-long filament and pr

291 l free energy to directly link the downhill, chemical energy to the uphill, mechanical work and by sp

292 The cystoviral hexameric NTPase, P4, uses chemical energy to translocate single-stranded RNA genom

293 gin can be interfaced to achieve challenging chemical energy-to-fuels transformations.

294 hotosynthesis that convert solar energy into chemical energy, ultimately powering almost all life on

295 hnologies, the direct conversion of solar to chemical energy using photocatalysts has received signif

296 ubsequent conversion of excitation energy to chemical energy via charge separation.

297 vity is constrained by local availability of chemical energy, which is generated through compartmenta

298 ations), which are subsequently converted to chemical energy with almost 100% efficiency.

299 ght intensities by converting photoenergy to chemical energy with near unity quantum efficiency and u

300 es of chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy, yet the development of chloroplast and