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1 receptors located within the brain (central chemoreceptors).
2 sensitivity are not known for any eukaryotic chemoreceptor.
3 pH-sensitive, as expected for a respiratory chemoreceptor.
4 d acid, indicating that it is a bifunctional chemoreceptor.
5 ons that appears to function as an important chemoreceptor.
6 , we infected mice with strains lacking each chemoreceptor.
7 also blocked signaling by Tar, the aspartate chemoreceptor.
8 al and interdependent feedback regulation by chemoreceptors.
9 es CO2/H(+) responsiveness of other putative chemoreceptors.
10 ated with highly duplicated families such as chemoreceptors.
11 mini that send opposing signals in bacterial chemoreceptors.
12 poxaemia and acidosis in peripheral arterial chemoreceptors.
13 s act with high specificity on their cognate chemoreceptors.
14 hrough highly cooperative, ordered arrays of chemoreceptors.
15 which does not rely on previously identified chemoreceptors.
16 kinase CheA, the coupling protein CheW, and chemoreceptors.
17 tions among the P5 domain of CheA, CheW, and chemoreceptors.
18 0 s), suggesting the activation of extraoral chemoreceptors.
19 each other and with CheA independent of the chemoreceptors.
20 gered by activation of peripheral or central chemoreceptors.
21 ontrolling chemotaxis, utilizes the other 23 chemoreceptors.
22 timulation of the kinase by certain types of chemoreceptors.
23 the mechanism of transmembrane signaling in chemoreceptors.
24 aling in the cytoplasmic domain of bacterial chemoreceptors.
25 ple chemotaxis systems and a large number of chemoreceptors.
26 le effect on the CO2/H(+)-sensitivity of RTN chemoreceptors.
28 ould not be attributed to changes of central chemoreceptor activity (hypocapnia prevailed); altered a
29 at the cellular level that ACh increases RTN chemoreceptor activity by a CO2/H(+) independent mechani
30 nstantaneous increase or decrease of central chemoreceptor activity by activating or inhibiting the r
31 st the hypothesis that heightened peripheral chemoreceptor activity contributes to both the developme
32 stive heart failure (CHF), carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor activity is enhanced and is associated wit
33 muscarinic receptor activation to changes in chemoreceptor activity may provide new potential therape
38 of fluorescent tracer onto carotid body for chemoreceptor afferents or onto aortic depressor nerve f
39 ansmembrane (TM) helices of Escherichia coli chemoreceptors alone are sufficient to mediate clusterin
40 l complex perturbs the polar localization of chemoreceptors, alters cell motility, and affects chemot
45 owards As(III), however, the related As(III) chemoreceptor and regulatory mechanism remain unknown.
46 , a model organism for chemotaxis that has 5 chemoreceptors and a single chemosensory pathway, Pseudo
47 two species, Salmonella genomes contain some chemoreceptors and an additional protein, CheV, that are
48 ylation of the cytosolic signaling domain of chemoreceptors and are among the core proteins of chemos
49 A CheW had essentially the same affinity for chemoreceptors and CheA, cells expressing the mutant pro
51 deamidate selected residues to activate the chemoreceptors and enable them to mediate amino acid che
52 the coupling protein CheW, which bridges the chemoreceptors and histidine kinase CheA, is essential f
53 ives autophosphorylation control inputs from chemoreceptors and in turn regulates the flux of signali
54 periplasmic sensory domains of transmembrane chemoreceptors and induce a conformational change that i
55 m of neuromodulation mediated by the carotid chemoreceptors and involving both the sympathetic and pa
56 a has also evolved an expanded repertoire of chemoreceptors and odorant binding proteins, many associ
58 an exquisitely high density of 3 x 10(5) GC chemoreceptors and subnanomolar ligand affinity provide
59 protein that mediates the association of the chemoreceptors and the CheA kinase in a ternary signalin
60 largely redundant abilities to interact with chemoreceptors and the CheA kinase, and both similarly a
61 se CheA, which forms signaling clusters with chemoreceptors and the coupling protein CheW at the pole
62 rtion of RTN neurons are central respiratory chemoreceptors and there is mounting evidence for bioche
63 show that AgTRPA1 is an inherent thermo- and chemoreceptor, and analogous to what has been reported f
64 sponse gains physiological, and carotid body chemoreceptors are driven by a wide range of O2 and/or C
66 gests that the principal central respiratory chemoreceptors are located within the retrotrapezoid nuc
72 graphy, we explore V. cholerae's cytoplasmic chemoreceptor array and establish that it is formed by p
74 to their environment through a transmembrane chemoreceptor array whose structure and function have be
80 During bacterial chemotaxis, transmembrane chemoreceptor arrays regulate autophosphorylation of the
81 redundant for formation of the higher order chemoreceptor arrays that are known to form via CheA-Che
83 s of nearly all the individual components of chemoreceptor arrays, ECT has revealed the mesoscale inf
84 st common applications has been to bacterial chemoreceptor arrays, ECT's contributions to this field
87 ligomerization patterns observed for related chemoreceptors, as higher loading of Aer dimers into nan
88 ine activity and CO2/H(+)-sensitivity of RTN chemoreceptors, as well as to dissect the signalling pat
89 em consists of large arrays of transmembrane chemoreceptors associated with a dedicated histidine kin
91 e molecule level the polarization of GABA(A) chemoreceptors at the GC membrane, as a function of the
93 c responses to apnoea result from changes of chemoreceptor, baroreceptor or lung stretch receptor inp
94 ur study, could not be attributed to altered chemoreceptor, baroreceptor, or pulmonary stretch recept
96 o suggest that >75% of these Nmb neurons are chemoreceptors because they are strongly activated by hy
100 acterial cell (e.g. type IV pili, holdfasts, chemoreceptors), but perhaps none show so many distinct
101 These results show that ACh activates RTN chemoreceptors by a CO2/H(+) independent mechanism invol
105 tments elicited, at least partly, by central chemoreceptors (CCRs) and the carotid bodies (CBs).
106 nergic Phox2b-expressing central respiratory chemoreceptors (CCRs), is the site of such plasticity.
107 to peripheral control of breathing, central chemoreceptors (CCs) are considered a dominant mechanism
108 both adenosine and dopamine release from CB chemoreceptor cells was increased in chronic hypoxia and
109 (TRPA1), and that HNO activates the sensory chemoreceptor channel TRPA1 via formation of amino-termi
111 tron cryotomography to image the cytoplasmic chemoreceptor cluster in Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Vib
112 in curved agar microchambers, and find that chemoreceptor cluster localization is highly sensitive t
113 of the protein complex and does not rely on chemoreceptor clustering, as was previously shown for Es
114 the system's components, it is not clear how chemoreceptor clusters are reliably targeted to the cell
115 li Tol-Pal complex restricts mobility of the chemoreceptor clusters at the cell poles and may be invo
119 The carotid body (CB) is a major arterial chemoreceptor containing glomus cells whose activities a
120 ring REM sleep because fR is no longer under chemoreceptor control and thus could explain why central
123 nflammatory network was abrogated by carotid chemoreceptor denervation and by pharmacological blockad
124 ugh much is known about the structure of the chemoreceptors, details of the receptor dynamics and the
125 mplexes contain two trimers of transmembrane chemoreceptor dimers, each trimer binding a coupling pro
128 presence of CheR, a variety of mutant serine chemoreceptors displayed up to 40-fold enhanced detectio
133 factory receptor neurons (ORNs) that express chemoreceptors encoded by large gene families, including
136 ts--somatic sex, age, and feeding status--on chemoreceptor expression highlights sensory function as
138 oducing planarians, and identified an orphan chemoreceptor family member, ophis, that controls differ
140 discuss the potential relevance of this dual chemoreceptor feedback to cardiorespiratory abnormalitie
141 x chemosensory network, which consists of 26 chemoreceptors feeding into four chemosensory pathways.
142 the kinase-activating cytoplasmic tip of the chemoreceptor fluctuates between two stable conformation
143 When this region was replaced with that of a chemoreceptor for amino acids, WspA became polarly local
146 fragments of normally transmembrane E. coli chemoreceptors form similar sandwiched structures in the
147 interacts with specific domains of CheA and chemoreceptors from an orthologous group exemplified by
150 nding molecular mechanisms that regulate RTN chemoreceptor function may identify therapeutic targets
151 le of KCNQ channels in the regulation of RTN chemoreceptor function, and suggest that these channels
152 rophic shifts in insects are associated with chemoreceptor gene loss as recently evolved ecologies sh
153 udes alternative alleles of srx-44, a second chemoreceptor gene that modifies pheromone sensitivity.
155 esults and genome-wide evidence suggest that chemoreceptor genes may be preferred sites of adaptive v
156 current model of O2 sensing by carotid body chemoreceptor (glomus) cells is that hypoxia inhibits th
158 ee-dimensional structures of CheA, CheW, and chemoreceptors have been determined, the interaction bet
162 is recently appreciated that many bacterial chemoreceptors have ligand-binding domains (LBD) of the
165 selective ablation of the carotid body (CB) chemoreceptors improves cardiorespiratory control and su
166 When mcpC-Q609E is expressed as the sole chemoreceptor in a cheD background, chemotaxis is almost
169 In a cheD mutant when McpB was the sole chemoreceptor in B. subtilis, chemotaxis to asparagine w
172 report the identification of a novel type of chemoreceptors in human keratinocytes, the olfactory rec
173 tify the curvature-dependent localization of chemoreceptors in live cells by artificially deforming g
176 lial cells (NECs), which are putative oxygen chemoreceptors, increased significantly when these cells
178 e that hyperaddition is the dominant form of chemoreceptor interaction in quiet wakefulness when the
180 we introduce a biophysical model of bilayer-chemoreceptor interactions, which allows us to quantify
182 Although less than 10% of a transmembrane chemoreceptor is embedded in lipid, separation from the
185 The reason for the difference between the chemoreceptors is because CheD deamidates Q609 in McpC a
186 species, the presence of a larger number of chemoreceptors is likely to contribute to the ability of
187 nsion monitored by the peripheral (arterial) chemoreceptors is not sensitive to regional CNS differen
188 The mechanism of oxygen sensing in arterial chemoreceptors is unknown but has often been linked to m
189 s, suggests a series of "gateway" states for chemoreceptor lattice assembly, and provides a simple me
190 dicts the observed honeycomb architecture of chemoreceptor lattices as well as the observed relative
191 -mediated interactions can yield assembly of chemoreceptor lattices at very dilute trimer concentrati
195 n HFpEF and that acute activation of central chemoreceptors leads to increases of cardiac sympathetic
196 oattractants sensed by only one of the major chemoreceptors leads to inversion of the thermotactic re
198 In this report, we demonstrated that the chemoreceptor MCP2901 from Comamonas testosteroni CNB-1
200 was proposed to result from stochasticity in chemoreceptor methylation, and it is believed to enhance
204 on of this Gly residue in the high-abundance chemoreceptors of E. coli and Salmonella enterica sugges
207 ve (CSN) conveys electrical signals from the chemoreceptors of the carotid bifurcation to the central
208 d cryo-electron tomography revealed that the chemoreceptors of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia b
211 domain (from Tsr or from several Pseudomonas chemoreceptors), or lacking nearly the entire periplasmi
214 ensory pathways in P. aeruginosa utilize one chemoreceptor per pathway, whereas the fourth pathway, w
216 e find that modulated expression of a single chemoreceptor plays a key role in naturally occurring va
218 is amplified across a 53,000 nm(2) array of chemoreceptor proteins, including approximately 5,200 re
221 ive sequence analysis specifically targeting chemoreceptor regions involved in pathway interactions r
222 s.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Central respiratory chemoreceptors regulate arterial PCO2 by adjusting lung
223 understand the molecular mechanisms by which chemoreceptors regulate social behaviors, we investigate
224 by which CO(2)/H(+) -sensitive neurons (i.e. chemoreceptors) regulate breathing in response to change
225 nd in vitro, and whether purinergic drive to chemoreceptors relies on extracellular Ca(2+) or gap jun
226 electron cryo-tomography have revealed that chemoreceptors self-assemble into extended honeycomb lat
231 electron cryotomography to visualize mutant chemoreceptor signalling arrays in well-defined kinase a
232 ctivation is the default output state of the chemoreceptor signalling domain and that attractant stim
233 nergistically to regulate firing rate of RTN chemoreceptors; simultaneous blockade of both channels l
234 lostery in core complexes assembled with two chemoreceptor species, each recognizing a different liga
235 nd hypoxia and hypercapnia episodes activate chemoreceptors stimulating autonomic reflex responses.
236 ve discharge was attenuated and responses to chemoreceptor stimulation and noxious stimulation were b
240 We asked if the type of carotid body (CB) chemoreceptor stimulus influenced the ventilatory gain o
241 and CheW share the same binding spot on the chemoreceptor structure, but have some affinity bias tow
243 amics of the periplasmic domain of aspartate chemoreceptor Tar dimer and its conformational changes w
244 ted effects of membrane lipid composition on chemoreceptor Tar from Escherichia coli using Nanodiscs,
245 ackbones in the cytoplasmic domain of intact chemoreceptor Tar homodimers inserted into lipid bilayer
246 ic domains of the Escherichia coli aspartate chemoreceptor Tar(Ec) are both strongly influenced by re
248 hia coli, the ratio of the two most abundant chemoreceptors, Tar/Tsr, has become the focus of much at
250 at includes alternative alleles of srx-43, a chemoreceptor that inhibits exploration through its acti
251 ch utilizes specialized sensory organs and a chemoreceptor that is tuned to recognize the bacteria.
254 linking the CheA kinase to certain types of chemoreceptors that cannot be effectively accommodated b
258 inus and N-terminal periplasmic domains from chemoreceptors that sense amino acids or malate responde
259 of the carotid body (peripheral respiratory chemoreceptors) that stimulate breathing when oxygenatio
261 nvestigated the roles of a critical class of chemoreceptors, the odorant receptors (ORs), from the po
264 ponse is largely controlled by the bacterial chemoreceptor TlpB, and the main attractant emanating fr
267 roles in B. subtilis chemotaxis - to bind to chemoreceptors to activate them as part of the CheC/CheD
271 tor mosquito, Anopheles gambiae, depend upon chemoreceptors to respond to volatiles emitted from a ra
272 native receptor, but simply surrounding the chemoreceptor transmembrane segment with a lipid bilayer
274 In common with other membrane proteins, chemoreceptor trimers are expected to deform the surroun
275 assemble into extended honeycomb lattices of chemoreceptor trimers with a well-defined relative orien
276 well as the observed relative orientation of chemoreceptor trimers, suggests a series of "gateway" st
277 e that curvature sensitivity is intrinsic to chemoreceptor trimers-of-dimers, and results from confor
280 emonstrate that DHMA is sensed by the serine chemoreceptor Tsr and that the chemotaxis response requi
281 e of the homodimeric Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor (Tsr) interacts with an adjoining four-hel
282 E402 and R404 of the Escherichia coli serine chemoreceptor, Tsr, appear to form a salt bridge that sp
283 d the mobility of the polar localized serine chemoreceptor, Tsr, labeled by the fluorescent protein V
285 n the ventilatory CO2 sensitivity of central chemoreceptors was studied in seven awake dogs with vasc
290 , the vast majority, are central respiratory chemoreceptors, whereas Nmb-high neurons likely have oth
291 The genes encoding the Tar, Tsr, and Aer chemoreceptors, which mediate chemotaxis to a broad spec
292 y underwent an ancestral loss of Trg and Tap chemoreceptors, which sense sugars, dipeptides, and pyri
293 ys that control this directionality comprise chemoreceptors, which, along with an adaptor protein (Ch
296 dditional adaptor for accommodating specific chemoreceptors within the chemotaxis signaling complex.
297 her modulators, controls the activity of RTN chemoreceptors without interfering with the mechanisms b
298 ypothesized that denervation of the CB (CBD) chemoreceptors would reduce SNA, reduce apnoea and arrhy
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