ライフサイエンスコーパス: chlorate

1 n of the stereochemically distinct substrate chlorate.

2 ells were generated by treatment with sodium chlorate.

3 y after metabolic inhibition of sulfation by chlorate.

4 release while trapping transiently produced chlorate.

5 ently sensitive to inhibition by heparin and chlorate.

6 on of perchlorate and chlorate [denoted (per)chlorate].

7 nitrate, 1,162 s(-1) (326 U/mg); V(max) with chlorate, 1,348 s(-1) (378 U/mg) [assayed at 75 degrees

8 ion with equimolar formation of chlorite and chlorate, (2) reaction to chlorite and oxygen, and (3) o

9 flow facility increased in porcine eyes with chlorate (3-fold) and beta-xyloside (3.5-fold) treatment

10 in mouse spinal neurulation, we administered chlorate, a competitive inhibitor of glycosaminoglycan s

11 Treatment of HeLa cells with sodium chlorate, a potent inhibitor of proteoglycan sulfation,

12 retreatment of HEp-2 cells with 50 mM sodium chlorate, a selective inhibitor of sulfation, for 48 h p

13 Surprisingly, we found that sodium chlorate, a sulfation inhibitor, did not inhibit the bin

14 gh methionine addition, or administration of chlorate, a widely used cell-permeable sulfurylase inhib

15 PGs with, respectively, heparinase or sodium chlorate abrogated HSC adhesion to CCN2(4).

16 to the medium or treatment of the cells with chlorate also inhibited (75)Se uptake.

17 nhibited if cells are pretreated with sodium chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfate incorporation, or with

18 investigated by assessment of the effects of chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfation, and beta-xyloside,

19 Treatment of cells with chlorate, an inhibitor of sulfation, markedly reduced bi

20 ride (greater than 98% yield), by Fe(II) for chlorate and alkaline fusion-decomposition for perchlora

21 The dominant anode material used in chlorate and chlor-alkali production is the dimensionall

22 ity between chlorine and oxygen evolution in chlorate and chlor-alkali production.

23 oxic inorganic disinfection byproduct (e.g., chlorate and chlorite) through photoactivated transforma

24 ent include heparin, heparan sulfate, sodium chlorate and heparinase, the low-density lipoprotein (LD

25 orite and an intermediate that further forms chlorate and oxygen in parallel.

26 ds after formation, high production rates of chlorate and perchlorate (up to approximately 4 and 25 m

27 D and >29 Ah . L(-1) on TDIROF) resulting in chlorate and perchlorate being the dominant CBPs (>90% o

28 Chlorate and perchlorate compounds, used as herbicides,

29 ',5'-diphosphate and the original oxyanion.) Chlorate and perchlorate form dead-end E.MgATP.oxyanion

30 Production of inorganic byproducts (chlorate and perchlorate) and indicator organic byproduc

31 While many published studies focus on (per)chlorate and their basic metabolism, this review highlig

32 ates, phosphates, and chlorides-perchlorates-chlorates), and has minor TiO2 and Fe2O3T oxides ( appro

33 romate ("chromium VI"), arsenate, tungstate, chlorate, and perchlorate bind to the ATP sulfurylase do

34 the reduction of selenate; nitrate, nitrite, chlorate, and sulfate were not reduced at detectable rat

35 ported by DNA hybridization analysis of (per)chlorate- and chlorate-reducing strains using the pcrA g

36 Chlorine gas and sodium chlorate are two base chemicals produced through electro

37 the electron donor to reduce nitrate or use chlorate as the alternative substrate.

38 inner reference solution containing SMX and chlorate (as interfering compound).

39 ica abolished growth in both perchlorate and chlorate but not growth in nitrate, indicating that the

40 ing a single chromosomal CRI did not grow on chlorate, but overexpression of cld and its neighbouring

41 Inhibiting sulfation of endogenous HS with chlorate causes axons to bypass their target, the tectum

42 Respiration of perchlorate and chlorate [collectively, (per)chlorate] was only recogniz

43 ing porphyrin-manganese(III) perchlorate and chlorate complexes, respectively, permitting direct kine

44 For example, the chlorate concentration was 2.7 +/- 0.2 muM (225.5 +/- 16

45 ition of GAG sulfation by growth of cells in chlorate-containing medium similarly decreased fXa-stimu

46 n genes to be created by anaerobic growth on chlorate-containing medium.

47 , inhibition of tyrosine sulfation by sodium chlorate decreased the secretion of processed CCK 8 in C

48 eatment of WEHI-3 cells with glycosidases or chlorate demonstrated that sialic acid modifications, al

49 y dissimilatory reduction of perchlorate and chlorate [denoted (per)chlorate].

50 sulfate, chromate, selenate, phosphate, and chlorate did not bind even when tested at 2 mM.

51 iferyl-beta-D-xyloside) or sulfation (sodium chlorate) enhanced the release of apoE from cells and si

52 lycosaminoglycan chain sulfation with sodium chlorate enhances BMP2 morpho-genetic bioactivity.

53 was grown anaerobically on plates containing chlorate for selection of resistant colonies that had lo

54 s prevented by competing active chlorine and chlorate formation as well as by direct oxidation of org

55 ltured cells and primary neurons by heparin, chlorate, heparinase, and genetic knockdown of a key HSP

56 sulfate proteoglycans because treatment with chlorate, heparinase, or soluble heparin did not prevent

57 tants were selected for resistance to 0.1 mM chlorate in the absence of nitrate.

58 anoside or by the sulfation inhibitor sodium chlorate, indicating that SR-BI-mediated LDL-CE uptake o

59 heparinase III, or growth of cells in sodium chlorate, indicating that sulfated heparan sulfate chain

60 oside-treated eyes, whereas in cell culture, chlorate induced formation of thick fibronectin fibrils,

61 ryonic stem cells with heparinases or sodium chlorate inhibited differentiation of embryonic stem cel

62 the endothelial cell's glycocalyx or sodium chlorate inhibition of endothelial cell sulfated glycan

63 emoval of the heparan sulfate chains, and by chlorate inhibition of glypican sulfation.

64 hese discoveries stimulated interest in (per)chlorate microbiology, and the application of advanced a

65 e, tellurite, nitrate, nitrite, perchlorate, chlorate, monofluorophosphate, vanadate, molydate, and t

66 The crystallization of sodium chlorate (NaClO3) is a classic example of spontaneous ch

67 GF-2 unless heparan sulfate was depressed by chlorate or heparinase treatment.

68 dy, suramin, or treatment with either sodium chlorate or heparitinase, demonstrating an autocrine req

69 hibition of proteoglycan sulfation by sodium chlorate or incubation of cells with labeled lipoprotein

70 Cells treated with chlorate or substituted beta-D-xylosides, resulting in u

71 gan cultures treated with 20 or 50 mM sodium chlorate, or 1 mM beta-xyloside.

72 tment of MEF cell lines with heparin, sodium chlorate, or heparinase II, demonstrating that heparin s

73 n regardless of the presence of perchlorate, chlorate, or nitrate.

74 We investigated the formation of chlorate, perchlorate, and organic chlorination byproduc

75 Formation of chlorate, perchlorate, chlorinated, and brominated organ

76 (icsA) stxAB Str(r) mutant selected from the chlorate plates was designated WRSd1.

77 d extraterrestrial, indicate an ancient (per)chlorate presence across our solar system.

78 oduction, minimum scale formation, and lower chlorate production levels (6 mM vs 18 mM for BDD) durin

79 asing cycles of salt-fluxing treatment, with chlorate products on the surface suggesting concurrent p

80 these two genera represent the dominant (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria in mesophilic freshwater envi

81 scription occurred only under anaerobic (per)chlorate-reducing conditions.

82 hybridization analysis of (per)chlorate- and chlorate-reducing strains using the pcrA gene as a probe

83 e reduction, mutations in genes encoding the chlorate reductase clrABC, predicted molybdopterin cofac

84 e active sites of nitrate reductase and (per)chlorate reductase enzymes.

85 ase forms a monophyletic group separate from chlorate reductase of Ideonella dechloratans.

86 orate reductase as an activity distinct from chlorate reductase was further supported by DNA hybridiz

87 hydrogenase, ethylbenzene dehydrogenase, and chlorate reductase, all of which are type II members of

88 s to predict carbon and electron flow during chlorate reduction and posit that formate is an importan

89 te transposons whose core we refer to as the chlorate reduction composite transposon interior (CRI).

90 Previous work on respiratory chlorate reduction has biochemically identified the term

91 ey detoxification gene cld was essential for chlorate reduction in isogenic pure culture experiments,

92 In addition to (per)chlorate reduction, A. suillum is capable of the anaerob

93 During chlorate reduction, mutations in genes encoding the chlo

94 that clrA, clrB and clrC were essential for chlorate reduction, while clrD, clrE and clrF had less s

95 xponential growth rate in Luria broth but is chlorate resistant and does not grow on citrate agar.

96 The chlorate-resistant mutant cr88 is defective in photomorp

97 The cr88 mutant of Arabidopsis is a novel chlorate-resistant mutant that displays long hypocotyls

98 he isolation and characterization of a novel chlorate-resistant mutant that is defective in the regul

99 Chlorate-resistant mutants defective in high-affinity ni

100 A unique class of chlorate-resistant mutants of Escherichia coli which pro

101 nd raises the possibility of syntrophic (per)chlorate respiration in the environment.

102 lic versatility and novel mechanisms of (per)chlorate respiration, including symbiosis and a hybrid e

103 Disruption of endogenous HS sulfation with chlorate resulted in diminished FGF2 binding and prolife

104 fation by treatment of intact myofibers with chlorate results in delayed proliferation and altered My

105 erent suppliers yielded delta37Cl values for chlorate samples near to +0.2/1000 (SMOC), but one has w

106 finity (mechanism I) uptake mutants by using chlorate selections on plants containing Tag1 transposab

107 >/= 3 units from AD brain in a heparin- and chlorate-sensitive manner.

108 sis was performed, followed by screening for chlorate sensitivity in the presence of ammonia ion.

109 ible ClO2 loss and the formation of chlorite/chlorate should be carefully considered in drinking wate

110 f expressing cells in the presence of sodium chlorate, significantly reduced the potency for MCP-1 ac

111 reated with various concentrations of sodium chlorate, so as to express a range of endogenous heparan

112 The major chlorate-specific response related to oxidative stress a

113 Chlorate-specific transcription of electron transport ch

114 ence of chloride, sulfate, nitrate, nitrite, chlorate, sulfamate, methanesulfonate, and fluoride, whi

115 Arabidopsis chl1(nrt1.1) mutant rescued the chlorate susceptibility phenotype.

116 he ionic liquid 1-methyl-3-propylimidazolium-chlorate tethered to SiO2 nanoparticles.

117 Pretreatment of muscle cells with chlorate that blocks all sulfation or with an siRNA that

118 3 fibroblasts were treated with 50 mM sodium chlorate to completely inhibit (99%) sulfation of proteo

119 ycosaminoglycans or by treatment with sodium chlorate to decrease cellular sulfation.

120 Treatment of whole kidneys with sodium chlorate to disrupt proteoglycan synthesis results in th

121 Growth of N18 and BHK cells in sodium chlorate to eliminate all sulfation decreased virus-cell

122 ctic activity, U937-C5aR cells were grown in chlorate to inhibit CSPG sulfation or treated with chond

123 were generated by treating cells with sodium chlorate to inhibit the sulfation of HSPG.

124 -methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-xylopyranoside or chlorate to suppress glycosaminoglycan substitution or s

125 Endocytotic rate constants (ke) for chlorate-treated and control cells were ke = 0.078 +/- 0

126 PG since heparinase (I and III) digestion of chlorate-treated cells had little effect.

127 The differences observed for control and chlorate-treated cells in the dose-response curves for s

128 Addition of exogenous heparin to the chlorate-treated cells was able to restore WG activity.

129 ame maximal level under both conditions, but chlorate-treated cells were significantly less responsiv

130 bFGF bound to its receptors on chlorate-treated cells with a lower apparent affinity an

131 ) and 3.6 x 10(6) sites/cell for control and chlorate-treated cells, respectively).

132 synthesis to a similar extent in native and chlorate-treated cells.

133 stimulation of DNA synthesis in control and chlorate-treated cells.

134 Under control and chlorate-treated conditions, [(125) I]heparin was observ

135 ormal distribution of sonic hedgehog mRNA in chlorate-treated embryos.

136 that stimulation of DNA synthesis by bFGF in chlorate-treated VSMC was markedly reduced as compared w

137 heparin, monoclonal anti-LpL antibodies, or chlorate treatment of cells and was not found using prot

138 as abolished when sulfation was inhibited by chlorate treatment of the cells.

139 Chlorate treatment resulted in a striated pattern of GAG

140 how that when endogenous HS was inhibited by chlorate treatment, 7,8-S-OctaF7 specifically supported

141 about 70%, similar to what is observed with chlorate treatment.

142 detection (10-min analyses) for perchlorate, chlorate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, perfluoro-n-butanes

143 cetic acids (up to approximately 50 muM) and chlorate (up to approximately 2 muM) were of most concer

144 perchlorate and chlorate [collectively, (per)chlorate] was only recognized in the last 20 years, yet

145 The K(m) values for nitrate and chlorate were 58 and 140 microM, respectively.

146 nt for growth of Pseudomonas stutzeri PDA on chlorate were identified using a randomly DNA bar-coded

147 , and several other anions tested, including chlorate, were without effect.

148 e neuraminidase, tunicamycin, or 5 mM sodium chlorate, which blocks sulfation of surface proteoglycan

149 responsive cells were preincubated with 1 mM chlorate, which blocks sulfation, WG activity was inhibi

150 ch limits host cell surface GAGs, and sodium chlorate, which decreases surface sulfation.

151 Sodium chlorate, which inhibits cell proteoglycan synthesis, ma

152 Pretreatment of cells with chlorate, which inhibits glycosaminoglycan synthesis, st

153 ted signaling, treatment of HUVEC cells with chlorate, which inhibits heparan sulfate glycosaminoglyc

154 s shown previously, fibroblasts treated with chlorate, which inhibits the sulfation of heparan sulfat