ライフサイエンスコーパス: cholesterol ester

1 ls of lipid droplets (structures enriched in cholesterol esters).

2 pid conversion of lipoprotein cholesterol to cholesterol ester.

3 atory capacity and increased accumulation of cholesterol esters.

4 lglycerols, phospholipids, galactolipids, or cholesterol esters.

5 f apolar lipids, including triglycerides and cholesterol esters.

6 me, which increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol esters.

7 ontained primarily triglycerides rather than cholesterol esters.

8 s are not as atherogenic as those containing cholesterol esters.

9 ccumulation of sphingomyelin, ceramides, and cholesterol esters.

10 hospholipids, triglycerides, wax esters, and cholesterol esters.

11 asis of cholesterol through the formation of cholesterol esters.

12 ome foam cells by progressively accumulating cholesterol esters.

13 ctivity and esterification of cholesterol to cholesterol esters.

14 e transfer of phospholipids, cholesterol, or cholesterol esters.

15 f membrane phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol esters.

16 onformation for LCAT catalyzed generation of cholesterol esters.

17 differentiate unesterified cholesterol from cholesterol esters.

18 ease in the formation of [14C]oleate-labeled cholesterol esters.

19 n (HDL) and mediates the selective uptake of cholesterol esters.

20 r HDL in connection with selective uptake of cholesterol esters.

21 o of PUFAs to SFAs in both phospholipids and cholesterol esters.

22 ellular cholesterol with fatty acids to form cholesterol esters.

23 e affected cells accumulate large amounts of cholesterol esters.

24 tein due to cellular damage from accumulated cholesterol esters.

25 cholesterol in membranes by converting it to cholesterol esters.

26 sion of glucose carbons to triglycerides and cholesterol esters.

27 such as triacylglycerol, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters.

28 ral lipids, including triacylglycerol and/or cholesterol esters.

29 on of the disease accompanies an increase in cholesterol esters.

30 ame disease with a reduction in the level of cholesterol esters.

31 erum lipid alterations were localized to the cholesterol esters; 22:6n-3 in the cholesterol esters of

32 crease), triacylglycerol (64% decrease), and cholesterol esters (58% decrease) were significantly dim

33 As esterification proceeds cholesterol esters accumulate within the hydrophobic cor

34 th HCR and LCR rats, while producing greater cholesterol ester accumulation in LCR compared to HCR ra

35 our results provide brand new insight about cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages and foam c

36 elopment of atherosclerosis, but its role in cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages and format

37 hat these receptors mediated the majority of cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages exposed to

38 angier disease, characterized by low HDL and cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages.

39 We suggest a mechanism for cholesterol ester accumulation in the OS and that activi

40 take mechanisms may contribute to macrophage cholesterol ester accumulation in vivo and suggest that

41 expected, ox-LDL induced significantly more cholesterol ester accumulation in WT and LDLR-/- compare

42 In the liver of ACAT2 ASO-treated mice, cholesterol ester accumulation was dramatically reduced,

43 LXRalpha, including hypercorticosteronemia, cholesterol ester accumulation, and adrenomegaly.

44 argeting of these master regulators affected cholesterol-ester accumulation in foam cells of the THP1

45 cid, sphingomyelin, the ganglioside GM3, and cholesterol esters, all of which suggest common pathogen

46 There was also a considerable increase in cholesterol esters, although free cholesterol persisted

47 ontained 11% less phospholipid and 633% more cholesterol ester and a total of 3 apoA-I molecules per

48 and apo A-I transport rate and increased HDL cholesterol ester and apo A-I fractional catabolic rate.

49 HDL decrease to be due to both decreased HDL cholesterol ester and apo A-I transport rate and increas

50 ipid omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and cholesterol ester and phospholipid arachidonic acid (20:

51 lcohol intake were associated with the serum cholesterol ester and phospholipid levels of several fat

52 ncreased (all p's < 0.05), whereas levels of cholesterol ester and phospholipid linoleic acid (18:2)

53 coholic drinks per week increased, levels of cholesterol ester and phospholipid palmitic acid (16:0)

54 ttes smoked per day increased, the levels of cholesterol ester and phospholipid palmitoleic acid (16:

55 dramatic increase in the abundances of total cholesterol ester and triglyceride lipids in the SW620 c

56 acyltransferase, the enzymes responsible for cholesterol ester and triglyceride synthesis, respective

57 d to restore the 18:1 and 16:1 levels of the cholesterol ester and triglycerides to the levels found

58 fects directed by elevated free cholesterol, cholesterol esters and cholic acid, and associated chang

59 icient mice contained substantial amounts of cholesterol esters and exhibited no reduction in cholest

60 Importantly, a significant increase in cholesterol esters and GM3 was recapitulated in the tran

61 scavenger receptor B1, regulating uptake of cholesterol esters and HDL by the liver.

62 ase-I deficiency reduced the accumulation of cholesterol esters and phospholipids in macrophages incu

63 ccumulation of ceramides, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol esters and protects motor neurons against de

64 ylinositol, and decreased incorporation into cholesterol esters and secreted triacylglycerol.

65 en; but in women, only SFAs and PUFAs in the cholesterol esters and the ratio of PUFAs to SFAs were i

66 tical cells greatly increased the storage of cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols concomitant with

67 e for SCD1 (SCD-/-) are deficient in hepatic cholesterol esters and triglycerides despite the presenc

68 d by SCD1 are necessary to synthesize enough cholesterol esters and triglycerides in the liver and su

69 lation of lipids that consisted primarily of cholesterol esters and triglycerides in type 2 epithelia

70 re key precursors of membrane phospholipids, cholesterol esters and triglycerides, SCD is pivotal in

71 is, storage, utilization, and degradation of cholesterol esters and triglycerides; multiple, differen

72 Triglyceride, free cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid concentrations in th

73 riacylglycerol (TAG), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester, and phospholipid contents in normal l

74 ed with the lipid accumulation (cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and phospholipid) and cholesterol cry

75 animal cell lipid droplets are cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and triglyceride, but the protein com

76 mpartments, including phospholipids, plasma, cholesterol esters, and adipose tissue.

77 mutants there is a reduction in the pool of cholesterol esters, and cholesterol-mediated suppression

78 s of oxidized neutral lipids: triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and fatty acids.

79 he fatty acid content of triacylglycerol and cholesterol esters, and in the positioning of specific f

80 f dietary lipids, mediates the absorption of cholesterol esters, and is dependent on bile salts for o

81 n and is known to transfer triacylglycerols, cholesterol esters, and phospholipids.

82 normal rates of synthesis of triglycerides, cholesterol esters, and phospholipids.

83 ed within lipid droplets as triacylglycerol, cholesterol esters, and retinol esters; esterified to fo

84 that in the Cyp27a1(-/-)Cyp46a1(-/-) retina, cholesterol esters are generated by and accumulate in th

85 Cholesterol esters are subsequently internalized to a no

86 a fast response time of 4 s; it could detect cholesterol ester as low as 0.05 microM (S/N=3).

87 eatic islets may result from accumulation of cholesterol esters as analysis of islet gene expression

88 ctivated the transfer of fluorescent-labeled cholesterol esters between high and low density lipoprot

89 A new function of MTP in cholesterol ester biosynthesis has been reported.

90 n macrophages and is a rate-limiting step in cholesterol ester breakdown.

91 The synthesis of cholesterol esters by acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransfera

92 asured the incorporation of [14C]oleate into cholesterol esters by acyl-CoA:cholesteryl acyltransfera

93 take of sterols and their incorporation into cholesterol esters by SR-BI from LDL was largely a selec

94 r receptor coordinates the regulation of HDL cholesterol ester catabolism and bile acid synthesis in

95 Body mass index and change in cholesterol ester (CE) 18:2/18:1 ratio accounted for 26%

96 -CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and neutral cholesterol ester (CE) hydrolase; however, in the intact

97 Renal cortical-free cholesterol (FC) and cholesterol ester (CE) levels were determined 3, 5, 7, o

98 sfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesterol esters (CE) from atheroprotective high-densi

99 cells (RCs), plasma phospholipids (PLs), and cholesterol esters (CEs) in response to a low-fat diet (

100 erlapping cases)].Baseline concentrations of cholesterol esters (CEs) were inversely associated with

101 ore principally triacylglycerides (TAGs) and cholesterol esters (CEs), have been implicated in produc

102 Levels of individual species of cholesterol esters (CEs), lysophosphatidylcholines, phos

103 posed of different amounts of phospholipids, cholesterol esters (CEs), triglycerides (TGs), and apoli

104 L, are primary sources of lipids, delivering cholesterol esters, cholesterol, and phospholipids to tr

105 Molar ratios of cholesterol/cholesterol ester, cholesteryl ester/triglyceride, and c

106 ol and a markedly reduced rate of plasma HDL cholesterol ester clearance.

107 resulted in increases in plasma and hepatic cholesterol ester concentrations and reductions in free

108 ility through a reduction in macrophages and cholesterol ester content and an increase in volume of c

109 l absorption in the intestine, and decreased cholesterol ester content in the liver and plasma lipopr

110 with either lipoprotein (adjusted for equal cholesterol ester content) down-regulated this expressio

111 etary cholesterol mass absorption, and liver cholesterol ester content.

112 e mainly composed of a triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol-ester core surrounded by a phospholipid and

113 lipid saturation, rather than the amount of cholesterol esters, could be a factor in the observed co

114 there was significantly more cholesterol and cholesterol esters deposited on galyfilcon A (5.77 +/- 1

115 fied lipoproteins and has been implicated in cholesterol ester deposition in macrophages.

116 method of quantification of cholesterol and cholesterol esters derived from contact lenses, both in

117 ing from the accumulation of cholesterol and cholesterol esters derived from plasma lipoproteins is i

118 ), but not wild-type macrophages, accumulate cholesterol ester droplets when incubated with surfactan

119 gh the majority of exogenous cholesterol and cholesterol ester enters the cell by LDL-receptor-mediat

120 beta-HSD1-null macrophages show 76% enhanced cholesterol ester export.

121 to investigate links between childhood serum cholesterol ester fatty acid (CEFA) proportions and adul

122 it appears that ACAT2 is the sole source of cholesterol esters for VLDL and chylomicron assembly.

123 Cholesterol ester formation also is hypothesized to be i

124 latter enzyme appears to be responsible for cholesterol ester formation and secretion in lipoprotein

125 Taken together, the data suggest that cholesterol ester formation by ACAT1 supports separate f

126 tcome is consistent with the hypothesis that cholesterol ester formation by ACAT2 may be coupled to l

127 culum of many types of cells, that catalyzes cholesterol ester formation from cholesterol and fatty a

128 lesterol to ldlA7-SRBI cells also stimulated cholesterol ester formation in a chloroquine-sensitive f

129 Two enzymes are responsible for cholesterol ester formation in tissues, acyl coenzyme A:

130 o study the details of apoA-I-LCAT-catalyzed cholesterol ester formation.

131 t that fat quality as reflected in the serum cholesterol ester fraction in childhood is independently

132 The cholesterol ester fraction of plasma lipids was reduced

133 otal lipids from all tissues measured and in cholesterol esters from adrenal glands.

134 (HDL) that mediates the selective uptake of cholesterol esters from circulating HDL.

135 acyltransferase stimulating the formation of cholesterol esters from free cholesterol.

136 The uptake of cholesterol esters from high density lipoproteins (HDLs)

137 otein (CETP) facilitates the transfer of HDL cholesterol esters from plasma to the liver.

138 both the selective uptake of lipids, mainly cholesterol esters, from HDL to cells and the efflux of

139 fic lipid classes in the order cholesterol > cholesterol esters > phospholipids.

140 Cholesterol ester had little effect on the phase-transit

141 ase (ACAT), which catalyzes the formation of cholesterol esters, has been proposed as a strategy to r

142 of the nascent particle with cholesterol or cholesterol ester have been implicated.

143 ts indicate that leptin and insulin regulate cholesterol-ester homeostasis in macrophages and, theref

144 ssette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and of neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase (NCEH1).

145 ditis elegans encodes an ortholog of neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH-1), an IIS downstrea

146 Kelch domain containing 3 (KLHDC3), neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH1) and acyl-CoA synth

147 heavy chain (Nefh)], and metabolic [neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (Nceh1), adenylate kinase

148 Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase was co-localized with autoph

149 ed PKA activity including phosphorylation of cholesterol-ester hydrolase (CEH)/hormone-sensitive lipa

150 he following apparently disparate reactions: cholesterol ester hydrolysis (CEH), fatty acyl Coenzyme

151 Cholesterol ester hydrolysis was also more rapid in J774

152 f phospholipid, unesterified cholesterol and cholesterol ester in the corneal stroma; this is believe

153 tion resulted in accumulation of radioactive cholesterol ester in the intestine and the liver of the

154 ellular accumulation of free cholesterol and cholesterol esters in macrophages.

155 emonstrate the crucial role of ACAT2-derived cholesterol esters in the development of atherosclerosis

156 gallstone formation, and the accumulation of cholesterol esters in the plasma lipoproteins.

157 ased levels of sphingomyelin, ceramides, and cholesterol esters; in the Cu/ZnSOD mutant mice, these a

158 by 42.29% indicating that triglycerides and cholesterol esters increased and the protein content dec

159 FA) content and release, and cholesterol and cholesterol esters increased linearly up to 25 mm glucos

160 ellular accumulation of free cholesterol and cholesterol esters induced by the exposure to LDL choles

161 C-C8-434, which only abrogates production of cholesterol esters, induced an increase in size of dropl

162 is characterized by the initial movement of cholesterol esters into a reversible plasma membrane poo

163 Serum cholesterol ester is the most suitable serum fraction to

164 the flat surfaces, which are parallel to the cholesterol ester layers in the core and may interact wi

165 and adrenal membranes, and markedly reduced cholesterol ester levels in adrenal glands and peritonea

166 observation coincides with the 6-fold lower cholesterol ester mass in TgDelta6 -/- mouse plasma comp

167 sterically block the oxidation of the longer cholesterol ester molecules.

168 palmitic acid (16:0) and oleic acid (18:1), cholesterol ester myristic acid (14:0), and phospholipid

169 ss (NL) mode for the loss of cholestane from cholesterol esters (NL 368.5) and specific selected reac

170 and convert excess retinal cholesterol into cholesterol esters, normally present in the retina in ve

171 ons and could account for the lower level of cholesterol esters observed in Md compared with Mn.

172 o obtain the mono- and disodium salts of the cholesterol ester of PFA.

173 ed to the cholesterol esters; 22:6n-3 in the cholesterol esters of alcohol-exposed infants increased

174 ransferase (LCAT) catalyzes the formation of cholesterol esters on high density lipoproteins (HDL) an

175 cterized by the accumulation of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, other neutral lipids and glycogen.

176 MAPK with anisomycin increased the ratio of cholesterol esters over free cholesterol, whereas inhibi

177 deficient mice was qualitatively similar in cholesterol ester, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidyl

178 n of ions derived from individual species of cholesterol esters, phospholipids, and triacylglycerols

179 In this study, we demonstrate that ACAT and cholesterol esters play a crucial role in the optimal re

180 oA-I, Delta6 apoA-I was found exclusively in cholesterol ester-poor HDL, and lipid-free HDL fractions

181 h DeltasseJ bacteria led to higher levels of cholesterol ester production in HeLa cells and RAW macro

182 esterol biosynthesis and decreased levels of cholesterol esters, relative to the offspring of males f

183 and apoE in cholesteryl efflux from cells to cholesterol ester-rich (CE-rich) HDL(2) acceptors (see t

184 In steroidogenic cells, the cholesterol ester-rich lipid storage droplets are encoat

185 nt-exposed macrophages massively accumulated cholesterol ester-rich lipid-droplets and surfactant had

186 Lipoprotein(a) is an atherogenic, cholesterol ester-rich lipoprotein of unknown physiologi

187 Serum cholesterol ester SFA and PUFA associations were support

188 abolism of fatty acids to triacylglycerol or cholesterol esters, since the incubation of cells with b

189 hanges were measured in the phospholipid and cholesterol ester species directly in the chloroform/met

190 idonic acid, accumulated in phospholipid and cholesterol ester species of peritoneal cells, but not i

191 high resolution data on the acylglycerol and cholesterol ester species that were affected by the comp

192 ids were nearly depleted in phospholipid and cholesterol ester species.

193 acid (22:6 n-3) in phospholipid, but not in cholesterol ester, species.

194 y conserved role in mitochondrial transport, cholesterol ester storage and steroid-hormone synthesis.

195 iciency in this model, through regulation of cholesterol ester storage, suggesting that pharmacologic

196 respectively, but neither phospholipids nor cholesterol esters substitute for FA and CHOL, respectiv

197 ddition, less hydrolyzed oleate was used for cholesterol ester synthesis and beta-oxidation.

198 The importance of cholesterol ester synthesis by acyl CoA:cholesterol acyl

199 he underlying mechanism involves the lack of cholesterol ester synthesis in the intestine and a resul

200 2 (ACAT2) in mice results in a reduction in cholesterol ester synthesis in the small intestine and l

201 iacsin C, which blocks both triglyceride and cholesterol ester synthesis, cleared most of the lipid d

202 rol and phospholipid synthesis and away from cholesterol ester synthesis.

203 but did not channel endogenous FA away from cholesterol ester synthesis.

204 osomes with cholesteryl esters also inhibits cholesterol ester synthesis.

205 roscopy has been used to quantify lipid wax, cholesterol ester terpenoid and glyceride composition, s

206 tively, P < 0.04) and the molar ratio of LDL cholesterol ester the sum of LDL alpha-tocopherol and LD

207 iated cholesterol by promoting the uptake of cholesterol esters, thereby preventing oxLDL-induced dep

208 B concentrations and the molar ratio of LDL cholesterol ester to apolipoprotein B (P < 0.01).

209 I also facilitated the clearance of cellular cholesterol ester to HDL(3).

210 The mass ratios of cholesterol ester to sitosterol ester formed by ACAT1 an

211 fer of LCAT-derived high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ester to the liver, LCAT overexpression stil

212 e examined the contribution of ACAT2-derived cholesterol esters to atherosclerosis by crossing ACAT2-

213 lurea 15d, which demonstrated a reduction in cholesterol ester transfer activity (48% of predose leve

214 90, p = 0.002) between the rate constant for cholesterol ester transfer and interfacial exclusion pre

215 The cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) facilitates th

216 Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) moves triglyce

217 Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an impor

218 ssociated with higher baseline HDL-C levels, cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) rs3764261 and

219 Despite years of development, no cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor has yet bee

220 sclerotic Events), a trial of torcetrapib (a cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor), that invo

221 there has been disappointment with the first cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitor, there is e

222 Cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors (CETPIs) r

223 ailed to demonstrate cardiac benefits, and 3 cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors have also

224 conducted a systematic portfolio analysis of cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors, a drug cl

225 oprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors, and thyro

226 For the 3 discontinued cholesterol ester transfer protein inhibitors, we found

227 a secretory phospholipase A2 in concert with cholesterol ester transfer protein may contribute to the

228 from transgenic mice expressing hApoA-I and cholesterol ester transfer protein transgenes.

229 mino acids, and agents capable of inhibiting cholesterol ester transfer protein, among others.

230 n A-I, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, cholesterol ester transfer protein, hepatic lipase, phos

231 ipoprotein A-I production or the activity of cholesterol ester transfer protein, it is less clear whe

232 transferase, phospholipid transfer protein, cholesterol ester transfer protein, paraoxonase 1 and pl

233 ctors (lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, cholesterol ester transfer protein, phospholipid transfe

234 es were: ABCA1, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and cholesterol ester transfer protein, plasma for high-dens

235 and likely other apolipoproteins, facilitate cholesterol ester transfer protein-mediated lipid exchan

236 tivity on the ability of apoA-IV to activate cholesterol ester transfer protein.

237 We treated apoE-deficient, cholesterol ester transport protein (CETP) transgenic, a

238 tra and quantify the amounts of cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides and phospholipids, and

239 esis of all lipoprotein lipids (cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, and phospholipids); a

240 acetate incorporation into free cholesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and

241 phospholipid in HDL, but also stimulates HDL cholesterol ester uptake by hepatocytes.

242 n exert a significant influence on selective cholesterol ester uptake by SR-BI and may consequently i

243 Unexpectedly, selective cholesterol ester uptake from AI/AII-rHDL was not compro

244 f cholesterol from low density lipoproteins, cholesterol ester uptake from HDL does not involve the i

245 intenance of caveolae cholesterol content by cholesterol ester uptake from HDL.

246 diameter; which may facilitate preferential cholesterol ester uptake from large lipid-loaded HDL(2).

247 The efficiency of selective cholesterol ester uptake in terms of SR-BI-associated rH

248 I (SR-BI), an HDL receptor that mediates HDL cholesterol ester uptake into cells, is required for the

249 -BI binds ligand and then mediates selective cholesterol ester uptake with an efficiency dependent on

250 HDL receptor and shown to mediate selective cholesterol ester uptake.

251 -BI-specific binding and selective uptake of cholesterol ester using reconstituted HDLs (rHDLs) that

252 although incorporation into phospholipid and cholesterol ester was no different than wild-type contro

253 e cholesterol derived from the hydrolysis of cholesterol ester was rapidly transported back to the pl

254 n interquartile increment of a fatty acid in cholesterol esters were 1.26 (95% confidence interval (C

255 Nevertheless, cholesterol esters were discovered to be abundant in hum

256 se crosses") with melting characteristics of cholesterol esters were identified within diffuse Bruch'

257 PUFAs in serum cholesterol esters were measured at baseline in 60-year-

258 id standards composed of different waxes and cholesterol esters were measured.

259 oduction and a reduced ability to accumulate cholesterol esters when exposed to modified lipoproteins

260 ulation of cholesterol (free cholesterol and cholesterol esters), whereas activation of autophagy wit

261 of baseline fatty acid composition in plasma cholesterol esters with 6-year incidence of hypertension

262 eromas were characterized by accumulation of cholesterol esters with apolipoprotein B near the intima

263 acid composition of plasma phospholipids and cholesterol esters with carotid artery intima-media thic

264 ntracellular accumulation of HDL-derived [3H]cholesterol esters without internalization or degradatio