ライフサイエンスコーパス: chordate

1 ity underlying swimming behavior in a simple chordate.

2 mains of any non-biomineralized, total-group chordate.

3 nt to approach regenerative event in a basal chordate.

4 ter in embryos of amphioxus, an invertebrate chordate.

5 ase compensation ever observed in an aquatic chordate.

6 ascidian Ciona intestinalis, an invertebrate chordate.

7 group to echinoderms, and closely related to chordates.

8 ons analogous to those demonstrated in other chordates.

9 n unambiguously identified in non-vertebrate chordates.

10 aving a tapered notochord is present in many chordates.

11 ut are absent, or divergent, in invertebrate chordates.

12 the Deuterostomia and as the sister taxon to chordates.

13 Sea squirts are simple invertebrate chordates.

14 iple kingdoms and phyla, from prokaryotes to chordates.

15 verse as nematodes and arthropods up through chordates.

16 o facilitate posterior somite development in chordates.

17 de gap-junction proteins in prechordates and chordates.

18 s specify the neural plate border throughout chordates.

19 morphosis may be an ancestral feature of the chordates.

20 irst report of the TERT gene in invertebrate chordates.

21 nce for interpretation of myomeres in fossil chordates.

22 st regulatory cascades underlying the OET in chordates.

23 previously were thought to be restricted to chordates.

24 family from lancelets, the most basal extant chordates.

25 to form a full ABCA4 progenitor in ancestral chordates.

26 bryological characterization of this gene in chordates.

27 ic organism groups but not in prokaryotes or chordates.

28 velopment of neuromuscular sophistication in chordates.

29 required for limb growth in both insects and chordates.

30 ate body plan of vertebrate and invertebrate chordates.

31 difficult to draw parallels even with other chordates.

32 rast, it is controversial whether it acts in chordates.

33 ctional conservation of X-type lectins among chordates.

34 tes that share features with echinoderms and chordates.

35 provide the foundation for the emergence of chordates.

36 s ancestor to hemichordates, echinoderms and chordates.

37 tary neural crest cells existed in ancestral chordates.

38 pressing microvillar photoreceptors of early chordates.

39 munity to Staphylococcus aureus infection in chordates.

40 ovelty and one of the defining characters of chordates.

41 aryngeal muscle development and evolution in chordates.

42 n to cell cycle arrest and egg activation in chordates.

43 data for arthropods, mollusks, annelids, and chordates (77 species total) and found significant phylo

44 rphological disparity of extinct lampreys, a chordate affinity for T. gregarium resolves the nature o

45 Microvillar photoreceptors of the primitive chordate amphioxus also express melanopsin and transduce

46 A putative proto-MHC exists in the chordate amphioxus and in the fruit fly, indicating that

47 t/beta-catenin and RA signaling in the basal chordate amphioxus during the gastrula stage, which is t

48 Hox clusters of vertebrates and the basal chordate amphioxus have similar organization to the hemi

49 The basal chordate amphioxus is uniquely positioned to address the

50 The basal chordate amphioxus resembles vertebrates in having a dor

51 during the gastrula stage, we used the basal chordate amphioxus, in which gastrulation involves very

52 eport the discovery of ProtoRAG in the lower chordate Amphioxus, the long-anticipated TE related to t

53 Here we show that the genome of the basal chordate, amphioxus, contains homologs of most vertebrat

54 In contrast, the basal chordate, amphioxus, has a single SoxE gene and lacks NC

55 propose that the neural plate borders of the chordate ancestor already produced migratory peripheral

56 on of the gene complement of the last common chordate ancestor but also partial reconstruction of its

57 noid receptors originated in an invertebrate chordate ancestor of urochordates, cephalochordates and

58 that was present in the common ambulacrarian/chordate ancestor.

59 ning mechanisms present in the free-swimming chordate ancestor.

60 Genomic data from both chordate and angiosperm genomes fit these predictions: E

61 r-clades of animals: metazoans, bilaterians, chordate and non-chordate deuterostomes, ecdysozoan and

62 iding high quality, integrated annotation on chordate and selected eukaryotic genomes within a consis

63 otation, databases and other information for chordate and selected model organism and disease vector

64 hat pattern the nervous system in embryos of chordates and annelids are surprisingly similar.

65 origin in the most recent common ancestor of chordates and annelids.

66 olecules (RGMs) are found in vertebrates and chordates and are involved in embryonic development and

67 l conservation of MRF-directed myogenesis in chordates and demonstrate for the first time that the Al

68 and protostomes, as it is distinguishable in chordates and echinoderms.

69 thyes) is quite different from that in other chordates and is also variable among members of the clas

70 r the origin of this field in non-vertebrate chordates and its evolution in vertebrates.

71 litate the access of genomic annotation from chordates and key model organisms.

72 tions, querying tools and access methods for chordates and key model organisms.

73 in, first appeared in the common ancestor of chordates and nematodes and evolved rapidly via duplicat

74 Many eukaryotic genomes, including chordates and plants, encode previously uncharacterized

75 hich was recruited as an Esrp target in stem chordates and subsequently co-opted into the development

76 rods and a duplex retina provided primitive chordates and vertebrates with similar sensitivity and d

77 lude histocompatibility systems in primitive chordates and vertebrates.

78 the maps and early development are shared by chordates and which distinguish vertebrates.

79 IFalpha gene from amphioxus, an invertebrate chordate, and identified several alternatively spliced H

80 g an available group of ice worm, arthropod, chordate, and nematode homologues suggest that ice worms

81 s from 26 animal species, from cnidarians to chordates, and evaluated the substitution rates (omega)

82 of FKBP4 and FKBP5 is very similar among the chordates, and gene expression is influenced by both gen

83 e notochord is the defining structure of the chordates, and has essential roles in vertebrate develop

84 families, connexins, which are exclusive to chordates, and innexins/pannexins, which are found throu

85 demarcating vertebrates from more primitive chordates, and is essential for normal cardiac function.

86 lochordata) belongs to the most basal extant chordates, and knowledge of their brain organization app

87 oad mesodermal Pax III expression outside of chordates, and raises the possibility that such expressi

88 y is required for notochord formation in all chordates, and that it controls transcription of a large

89 n of nonchordate deuterostomes, invertebrate chordates, and vertebrates.

90 odel of the evolution of RAR function during chordate anterior-posterior patterning.

91 Vertebrates diverged from other chordates approximately 500 million years ago and have a

92 and echinoderm grouping and we conclude that chordates are monophyletic.

93 o vertebrates and urochordates, meaning that chordates are paraphyletic.

94 junctions, composed of connexin proteins in chordates, are the most ubiquitous form of intercellular

95 rtebrates have helped establish these marine chordates as model organisms for the study of developmen

96 ts gene targets, we demonstrate that, in the chordate ascidian Ciona intestinalis, miR-124 plays an e

97 ascidian Ciona intestinalis, an invertebrate chordate belonging to the sister group of vertebrates.

98 hord is necessary for the development of the chordate body plan and for the formation of the vertebra

99 basic patterning mechanisms involved in the chordate body plan and the origin of vertebrates.

100 hat the anterior-posterior organization of a chordate body plan can be developed without the classica

101 Ciona tadpole larvae exhibit a basic chordate body plan characterized by a small number of ne

102 anisms present in the ontogeny of the common chordate body plan of vertebrate and invertebrate chorda

103 an urochordate Oikopleura dioica maintains a chordate body plan throughout life, and yet its genome a

104 and provides insight in to the origin of the chordate body plan.

105 The notochord is a defining feature of the chordate body plan.

106 n innovation essential for the origin of the chordate body plan.

107 nsights into the origins of deuterostome and chordate body plans.

108 The chordate Botryllus schlosseri is an emerging model for a

109 Histocompatibility in the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri is controlled by the polym

110 The basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri undergoes a natural transp

111 In the marine invertebrate chordate Botryllus schlosseri, cell corpse engulfment by

112 x (ECM) in vascular homeostasis in the basal chordate Botryllus schlosseri, which has a large, transp

113 loped in the jawed vertebrates, invertebrate chordate Botryllus, and cnidarian Hydractinia.

114 Histocompatibility in the primitive chordate, Botryllus schlosseri, is controlled by a singl

115 peculiar developmental scenario in a simple chordate, Botryllus schlosseri, wherein a normal colony

116 ntly forms in the larvae of the invertebrate chordate Branchiostoma floridae (Florida amphioxus).

117 Here we describe a gene from the chordate Branchiostoma floridae that encodes an RNA liga

118 n basal animals, such as Hydra and primitive chordates, but lack this domain in vertebrates.

119 ed in vertebrates relative to non-vertebrate chordates, but the relative contribution of whole genome

120 rially iterated structures in arthropods and chordates by differentially regulating many target genes

121 ook place in the last common ancestor to the chordates by gene duplication of an ancestral Fibulin-1

122 nciple occurs in different nematodes and the chordate C. intestinalis.

123 Embryos of simple chordates called ascidians (sea squirts) have few cells,

124 ates and cephalochordates, and showed that a chordate can develop the phylotypic body plan in the abs

125 s botryllid ascidians represent invertebrate chordates capable of whole body regeneration in a non-em

126 ngs for the development and evolution of the chordate cardiopharyngeal mesoderm.

127 ng the genetic and cellular basis of a model chordate central pattern generator.

128 In non-vertebrate chordates, central nervous system (CNS) development has

129 In invertebrate chordates (cephalochordates and tunicates), neural plate

130 ing the D/V and A/P axes may be an ancestral chordate character.

131 eny will help clarify the early evolution of chordate characteristics and has implications for our un

132 ay of amphioxus and ammocoetes, that loss of chordate characters during decay is non-random: the more

133 halochordates accurately represent ancestral chordate characters, which has not been tested using clo

134 Myogenesis in the tail of the simple chordate Ciona exhibits a similar reliance on its single

135 s of the single MRF gene of the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis (Ci-MRF).

136 nd that heart progenitor cells of the simple chordate Ciona intestinalis also generate precursors of

137 esis using the notochord of the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis as a model.

138 The invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis is a widely used model organ

139 arly heart specification in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis is similar to that of verteb

140 e, we investigate this process in the simple chordate Ciona intestinalis Previous studies have implic

141 Here, we employ the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis to delineate an essential in

142 ic and morphological simplicity of the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis to elucidate Mesp regulation

143 We exploit wild populations of the marine chordate Ciona intestinalis to show that levels of buffe

144 In the simple chordate Ciona intestinalis, the notochord plate consist

145 phila melanogaster and in the non-vertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis, which each have only one ta

146 gulating PNS development of the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis.

147 g Hox genes was performed by using the basal chordate Ciona intestinalis.

148 for neural tube closure in the invertebrate chordate Ciona intestinalis.

149 The draft genome of the primitive chordate, Ciona intestinalis, was published three years

150 gene regulatory network in the invertebrate chordate, Ciona intestinalis.

151 vo signaling dynamics using the invertebrate chordate, Ciona intestinalis.

152 ntify the mechanism for zippering in a basal chordate, Ciona intestinalis.

153 egulatory elements of 20 muscle genes in the chordate, Ciona savignyi.

154 of the brain in a different deeply diverging chordate clade, we isolated and determined the expressio

155 Recent phylogenetic studies of chordate classes and a sea urchin have indicated that ur

156 Oikopleura brain provides new insights into chordate CNS evolution: first, the absence of midbrain i

157 vealed that a local duplication of ancestral chordate Cry occurred likely before the first round of v

158 hese four residues to ssTnI and nonmammalian chordate cTnIs, whereas cTnI AH is similar to fish cTnI

159 ls: metazoans, bilaterians, chordate and non-chordate deuterostomes, ecdysozoan and lophotrochozoan p

160 f clues on the function of Leprecan in early chordate development.

161 l system for deuterostome and, by extension, chordate development.

162 cal studies, offering a simple blueprint for chordate development.

163 al simplicity to better understand conserved chordate developmental processes.

164 Although non-vertebrate chordates display nested domains of axial Hox expression

165 ochord is the defining characteristic of the chordate embryo and plays critical roles as a signaling

166 outs of gene expression in a fast-developing chordate embryo.

167 and mesoderm during early embryogenesis in a chordate embryo.

168 al to the elongation of the notochord during chordate embryogenesis.

169 sion studies in sea urchin, hemichordate and chordate embryos reveal striking similarities among deut

170 In chordate embryos, the T-box transcription factor Brachyu

171 ony, reminiscent of generalized gastrulating chordate embryos.

172 ndogenous chitin and bacteria arose early in chordate evolution and are integral to the overall funct

173 It appears to have evolved during early chordate evolution and is not found in protein sequences

174 To improve our understanding of chordate evolution and the origin of vertebrates, we int

175 avy and light chain gene duplications during chordate evolution, 510-600 million years ago.

176 an emerging model organism for the study of chordate evolution, development, and gene regulation.

177 During the course of chordate evolution, Loop 1 acquired the tripeptide CPL,

178 During chordate evolution, two genome-wide duplications facilit

179 outh are of central importance for models of chordate evolution.

180 story, far outstripping any other episode in chordate evolution.

181 a floridae, and analyse it in the context of chordate evolution.

182 ccurring over the last 600+ million years of chordate evolution.

183 from a single ancestral gene at the onset of chordate evolution.

184 y vertebrate evolution and suggests an early chordate evolutionary origin for the LRRCE capping motif

185 2 alpha-helical cytokines that have been in chordates for millions of years.

186 Fossil chordates from this interval offer crucial insights into

187 oxus and vertebrates, suggestive of a common chordate function.

188 onstitute a basal module of RA action during chordate gastrulation.

189 The amphioxus genome contains a basic set of chordate genes involved in development and cell signalin

190 n genomes of Rhesus macaque and Opossum, the chordate genome of Ciona intestinalis and the import and

191 nsive and integrated source of annotation of chordate genome sequences.

192 By screening 74 chordate genomes for endogenous lentiviruses using Pol s

193 nsembl project provides genome resources for chordate genomes with a particular focus on human genome

194 ct provides genome information for sequenced chordate genomes with a particular focus on human, mouse

195 nomic information for a comprehensive set of chordate genomes with a particular focus on resources fo

196 d is not found in protein sequences from non-chordate genomes.

197 red their phylogenetic trees in 69 sequenced chordate genomes.

198 ervation of GC skew patterns in 60 sequenced chordates genomes.

199 nate the murky relationships among the three chordate groups (tunicates, lancelets and vertebrates),

200 The origin of chordates has been debated for more than a century, with

201 Botryllus schlosseri, a primitive chordate, has a life history that links several componen

202 ype lectins), broadly distributed throughout chordates, have been implicated in innate immunity.

203 early vertebrate evolution by remodeling the chordate head into a "new head" that enabled early verte

204 tal processes, such as the initial phases of chordate heart development.

205 has an essential but ambiguous role in early chordate heart development.

206 ng the conserved, primary role of FGF/Ets in chordate heart lineage specification.

207 ative morphology, embryology and genomics of chordates, hemichordates and echinoderms, which together

208 Genomic comparisons of chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms can inform hyp

209 izable conserved sites outside of the within-chordate, highly-conserved DNA-binding domain?

210 In most chordates however, including vertebrates and ascidians,

211 Chordate in body plan and development, the larva provide

212 ditional tree topology joins arthropods with chordates in a coelomate clade, whereas nematodes, which

213 tive positions of nematodes, arthropods, and chordates in animal phylogeny remain uncertain.

214 In some chordates, including the ascidian Ciona, members of the

215 We conclude that extant chordates inherited olfactory and adenohypophyseal placo

216 Connexins are unique to chordates; innexins/pannexins encode gap-junction protei

217 s the genomes of plants and deuterostome and chordate invertebrates harbor large arsenals of recognit

218 nce of cannabinoid receptor orthologs in non-chordate invertebrates indicate that CB(1)/CB(2)-like ca

219 the chordates: they diverged from the other chordates just before the lineage of vertebrates, and th

220 ible with a common morphological output, the chordate larva.

221 ator Protein 2 (Tfap2) was duplicated in the chordate lineage and is essential for development of the

222 ome and came to abut at the MHB early in the chordate lineage before MHB organizer properties evolved

223 in and that duplication of TLN2 early in the chordate lineage produced TLN1.

224 organizer was not present at the base of the chordate lineage, but could have been a later innovation

225 yses placing cephalochordates basally in the chordate lineage, we propose that separate signalling ce

226 xus') are the modern survivors of an ancient chordate lineage, with a fossil record dating back to th

227 cterized ASIC1 from different species of the chordate lineage: lamprey, shark, toadfish and chicken.

228 if prior to the divergence of echinoderm and chordate lineages.

229 PR55), or vertebrates (CB2 and DAGLbeta), or chordates (MAGL and COX2), or animals (DAGLalpha and CB1

230 In chordates, mechanosensory and chemosensory neurons of th

231 Recently in amphioxus, the most basal chordate, melanopsin-expressing photoreceptors were char

232 r of the T-box gene family, is a key gene in chordate mesoderm development.

233 ported anatomical features, including in the chordate Metaspriggina and the arthropod Mollisonia.

234 In a primitive chordate model of natural chimerism, one chimeric partne

235 ascidian Ciona intestinalis provide a simple chordate model with which to study collective migration.

236 Using Ciona intestinalis as a simple chordate model, we show that bipotent cardiopharyngeal p

237 nderstanding chordate origins and polarizing chordate molecular and morphological characters.

238 Approximately 500 Mya in early chordates Nav channels evolved a motif that allowed them

239 cidian Ciona intestinalis provides us with a chordate nervous system in miniature.

240 as a highly conserved channel distinctive of chordate nervous systems and show that protons are not e

241 the sea urchin, and the nematode and in the chordate notochord.

242 cuolization and stiffening, gave rise to the chordate notochord.

243 Tunicates are chordates only as larvae, following metamorphosis the ad

244 nteresting features previously thought to be chordate or vertebrate specific.

245 ese fossils cannot be placed reliably in the chordate or vertebrate stem because they could represent

246 om the ascidian Ciona intestinalis, a simple chordate organism whose nervous system in the larval sta

247 hordata, making it integral to understanding chordate origins and polarizing chordate molecular and m

248 A chordate ortholog of UNC-3, Ciona intestinalis COE, was

249 cters, which has not been tested using close chordate outgroups.

250 We conclude that the ancestral chordate Per gene underwent two duplication events, givi

251 cient genome duplications from the ancestral chordate Per gene.

252 er, in the context of a new understanding of chordate phylogeny.

253 ive immunity due to their unique position in chordate phylogeny.

254 Shh zli regulatory network that predates the chordate phylum.

255 i is a colonial urochordate that follows the chordate plan of development following sexual reproducti

256 this tiny constituency of cells all follow a chordate plan, giving rise in some cases to frank struct

257 relatively higher preservation potential of chordate plesiomorphies will thus result in bias towards

258 opneust worms and colonial pterobranchs, and chordates possess a defined dorsal-ventral axis imposed

259 ively from fungi to nematodes and insects to chordates, potentially paralleling the increasing comple

260 todermal tissues, a characteristic common to chordate primary embryonic organizers.

261 ons of cannabinoid receptors in invertebrate chordates prior to the emergence of CB(1) and CB(2) rece

262 ds (CIs) of Botryllus schlosseri, a colonial chordate, provide niches for maintaining cycling stem ce

263 ptional preservation of soft-bodied Cambrian chordates provides our only direct information on the or

264 rontal eye" of amphioxus, our most primitive chordate relative, has long been recognized as a candida

265 In arthropods, annelids and chordates, segmentation of the body axis encompasses bot

266 Although certain ecdysozoans and chordates segregate their germline during embryogenesis,

267 tation, databases, and other information for chordate, selected model organism and disease vector gen

268 range transition from ancestral invertebrate chordates (similar to amphioxus and tunicates) to verteb

269 resources to facilitate genomic analysis in chordate species with an emphasis on human, major verteb

270 tives in the sea urchin confirms a number of chordate specific inventions.

271 chins, but they represent all but one of the chordate-specific groups.

272 ably evolved in the deuterostomes and may be chordate-specific.

273 bias towards wrongly placing fossils on the chordate stem.

274 phenomena, which may be conserved among the chordate subphyla.

275 long revolved around whether more primitive chordates, such as tunicates and cephalochordates, antic

276 em cells in Botryllus schlosseri, a colonial chordate that undergoes weekly cycles of death and regen

277 Sea urchins share a molecular heritage with chordates that includes the IL17 system.

278 A primitive chordate, the ascidian Botryllus schlosseri, also underg

279 ell specification within the CNS of a simple chordate, the ascidian Ciona intestinalis.

280 c networks in the tadpole larva of a sibling chordate, the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis.

281 5 elongases, from amphioxus, an invertebrate chordate, the sea lamprey, a representative of agnathans

282 on are similar in all deuterostomes, but, in chordates, the anterior-posterior axis is established at

283 ing receptors is therefore apparent in early chordates; the decrease in photopigment expression-and l

284 e transitions leading up to the invertebrate chordates themselves are more controversial.

285 dence from amphioxus suggests that ancestral chordates then concentrated neurosecretory cells in the

286 key position in the phylogenetic tree of the chordates: they diverged from the other chordates just b

287 present in Nematodes, Cnidaria and primitive chordates, this method could also have high potential fo

288 tworks underlying the specification of basic chordate tissues such as the heart, blood, notochord, an

289 it is possible to trace the lineages of key chordate tissues such as the notochord and neural tube t

290 we identified 17 metazoan PSC-CTRs spanning chordates to arthropods, and examined their sequence fea

291 s in general, we propose the family arose in chordates to support a more diverse range of synaptic an

292 to skeletal muscle in vertebrates extends to chordates, to trunk muscles in the cephlochordate Amphio

293 mprise vertebrates, the related invertebrate chordates (tunicates and cephalochordates) and three oth

294 bsequent to divergence of the more primitive chordates (tunicates, etc.) in the last common ancestor

295 in phyla-spanning arthropods, nematodes, and chordates utilize self-cleaving ribozymes of the hepatit

296 ion and diversification of ColA genes at the chordate-vertebrate transition may underlie the evolutio

297 to the regulatory network of PNG activity in chordates, we investigated the roles played by PNG homol

298 We interpret our results through a chordate-wide comparison of expression patterns and disc

299 criptional orientation as their orthologs in chordates, with hox1 at the 3' end of the cluster.

300 The pituitary gland is unique to Chordates, with significant variation within this group,