ライフサイエンスコーパス: circumcision

1 18) per million MCs for repair of incomplete circumcision.

2 vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.

3 31 in the intervention group did not undergo circumcision.

4 , which has always been a close companion to circumcision.

5 ls as well as new studies pertaining to male circumcision.

6 V-infected men resuming sex early after male circumcision.

7 ard practice for preputial disorders remains circumcision.

8 t culturally-appropriate way to promote male circumcision.

9 ine percent had full, 1% partial, and 50% no circumcision.

10 gs inform existing debates on the utility of circumcision.

11 rophylaxis (PrEP) and voluntary medical male circumcision.

12 esting would increase uptake of ART and male circumcision.

13 screening for congenital heart disease, and circumcision.

14 erate new policy statements on neonatal male circumcision.

15 neralized HIV epidemic and low rates of male circumcision.

16 70 HIV-uninfected and 20 HIV+ men undergoing circumcision.

17 The median CER of circumcision ($13.78 per disability-adjusted life year [

18 mcision; n=1391) or a control group (delayed circumcision, 1393), and assessed by HIV testing, medica

19 ecreases in condom use occurred in both male circumcision acceptors (-9.2% with all partners and -7.0

20 were observed in both groups (-7.8% in male circumcision acceptors and -6.1% in nonacceptors), mainl

21 estimate that 3.3% (P < 0.0001) of the male circumcision acceptors reduced their engagement in nonma

22 (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was

23 40 years to those aged 15-19 years) and male circumcision (adjPRR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.47-0.77) and inc

24 ed in a modest increase in the prevalence of circumcision after 2 months.

25 ion (intervention group) and 1709 to undergo circumcision after 24 months (control group).

26 s have indicated a protective effect of male circumcision against acquisition of human immunodeficien

27 xplanation for the protective effect of male circumcision against HIV-1.

28 severe adverse events occurred in 84 (3.6%) circumcisions; all resolved with treatment.

29 Universal adult male circumcision alone resulted in a 21% incidence reduction

30 Male circumcision also was associated with significant reduct

31 r studies demonstrating reduced HIV risk for circumcision among heterosexual men likely can be genera

32 ce of risk compensation associated with male circumcision among this cohort of men during 3 years of

33 omedical HIV prevention interventions (e.g., circumcision, anal microbicide) will be tested.

34 on-specific prevention interventions such as circumcision and anal microbicides warrant further study

35 emphasis on the following: scale-up of male circumcision and early ART initiation with outreach test

36 eyond those recommended by WHO, such as male circumcision and emergency obstetric surgery.

37 rtive anal sex, the association between male circumcision and HIV was protective but not statisticall

38 ion was used to examine associations between circumcision and HPV detection at each site and in semen

39 fied 23 papers about the association between circumcision and HPV DNA.

40 Reported associations between circumcision and HPV infection in men have been inconsis

41 However, the association between male circumcision and HPV viral load remains unclear.

42 the evidence for an association between male circumcision and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection an

43 Circumcision and lower human papillomavirus (HPV) viral

44 k = 3).Neither the association between male circumcision and other STIs (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confi

45 es have reported an association between male circumcision and reduced risk of HIV infection in female

46 also investigated associations between male circumcision and risk of acquisition of HIV and sexually

47 pidemiologic studies of the relation between circumcision and sexually transmitted infections, it is

48 The relationship between circumcision and the acquisition and clearance of human

49 ccumulating on the public health benefits of circumcision and the endorsement of circumcision from WH

50 regression to evaluate associations between circumcision and the risk of HIV infection among visits

51 , attitudes and practices about medical male circumcision and their understandings of partial efficac

52 HIV prevention efforts such as medical male circumcision and treatment as prevention.

53 ew all evidence on associations between male circumcision and women's health outcomes to benefit wome

54 ications reporting associations between male circumcision and women's health outcomes up to April 11,

55 Synergies between male circumcision and women's health programmes should be exp

56 were randomly assigned to undergo immediate circumcision, and 1140 men were randomly assigned to the

57 s to reduce new HIV infections, such as male circumcision, and on demand creation for early treatment

58 s had a substantial effect on uptake of male circumcision, and should be considered as part of male c

59 ortant to public health include male medical circumcision, antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to-child

60 Additionally, male circumcision appears to reduce penile cancer and cervica

61 Male circumcision appears to reduce the infection of several

62 ich multiple partnerships and a lack of male circumcision are common.

63 oad infections in the glans was lower in the circumcision arm, compared with the control arm, for HPV

64 ns in the glans at baseline was lower in the circumcision arm, compared with the control arm, for HPV

65 Africa and enhance the effectiveness of male circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy.

66 on, earlier antiretroviral therapy, and male circumcision as the budget allows.

67 haviour change, condom use, and medical male circumcision, as well as expanded use of antiretroviral

68 ts of compensation conditional on undergoing circumcision at 1 of 9 study clinics within 2 months of

69 g a circumcision facility and uptake of male circumcision at 3 months.

70 obicides would provide similar protection to circumcision at the population level despite lower model

71 financial rate of return of up to 14.5% (for circumcisions at age 20).

72 ision is refinanced fastest, after 13 y, for circumcisions at ages 20 to 25.

73 nital factors of the transmitter (i.e., male circumcision, bacterial vaginosis, and use of acyclovir)

74 ounted more) and at older ages (because male circumcision becomes less effective).

75 ex with men and sex workers), including male circumcision, behavioral interventions, and chemoprophyl

76 Modelled interventions (male circumcision, behaviour change communication, early anti

77 nd uptake of antiretroviral therapy and male circumcision between community types.

78 7 at a discount rate of 5% and are lower for circumcisions both at younger ages (because the savings

79 urvey evidence indicates a slight benefit of circumcision but a negligible association with most outc

80 rica, calling for 80% coverage of adult male circumcision by 2016.

81 The prevalence of circumcision by age was compared with data collected dur

82 2 weeks thereafter, for the duration of the circumcision campaign.

83 Circumcision can be recommended for HIV prevention in me

84 h most providers had heard that medical male circumcision can reduce risk of HIV acquisition in men,

85 ere is marked difference in the frequency of circumcision carried out to lower the risk of infection

86 Investments in male circumcision carry a financial rate of return of up to 1

87 28%) of 224 men were circumcised in the male circumcision clinic referral group compared with 137 (48

88 INTRODUCTION: Ritual circumcision complicated by gangrene is a leading cause

89 (intervention arm, 441 subjects) or delayed circumcision (control arm, 399 subjects).

90 Male circumcision could potentially reduce the risk of HPV tr

91 Male circumcision could provide substantial protection agains

92 However, some data suggest that circumcision could simply be a marker for low-risk behav

93 med, these results suggest that medical male circumcision could substantially reduce incidence of syp

94 e prophylaxis, condom distribution, and male circumcision, could avert a further 150 000 new infectio

95 5, 0.42-0.72; women 0.65, 0.54-0.79), as was circumcision coverage among men (vs trading 0.48, 0.42-0

96 Male circumcision coverage increased from 15% in 1999 to 59%

97 tric urinary tract infections, reviewing the circumcision debate, dysfunctional voiding, vesicoureter

98 Male circumcision decreases HIV acquisition by 60%, and antir

99 o receive immediate circumcision (n=2474) or circumcision delayed for 24 months (2522).

100 ediate circumcision (intervention; n=474) or circumcision delayed for 24 months (control; n=448).

101 The PrePex circumcision device causes ischemic necrosis of the fore

102 Contrary to findings in males, male circumcision did not affect HSV-2 acquisition among fema

103 ne percent of the men self-selected for male circumcision during the period, and their sociodemograph

104 ng interventions (promoting condom use, male circumcision, early antiretroviral therapy [ART] initiat

105 We modeled microbicide and circumcision efficacy on trials with heterosexuals.

106 trial, 18 men in the control group underwent circumcision elsewhere, and 31 in the intervention group

107 V-negative uncircumcised men were visiting a circumcision facility and uptake of male circumcision at

108 523 (72%) of 734 HIV-negative men visited a circumcision facility, with no difference between groups

109 men, supports further investigation of male circumcision for HIV prevention among MSM.

110 the PLOS Collection "Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention: Improving Quality, Effi

111 We assessed the efficacy of male circumcision for the prevention of herpes simplex virus

112 ges of 15 and 49 years in two trials of male circumcision for the prevention of HIV and other sexuall

113 promotion, antiretroviral therapy, and male circumcision) for key populations and the wider populati

114 efits of circumcision and the endorsement of circumcision from WHO, investigators have begun to evalu

115 V incidence was 2.1% (95% CI 1.2-3.0) in the circumcision group and 4.2% (3.0-5.4) in the control gro

116 Male circumcision had a low incidence of AEs overall, especia

117 e interval, 0.22-2.28; k=4) [corrected].Male circumcision had a protective association with HIV in st

118 Our aim was to determine whether male circumcision had a protective effect against HIV infecti

119 Male circumcision has become an important component of HIV pr

120 Risk compensation associated with male circumcision has been a concern for male circumcision sc

121 A lack of male circumcision has been associated with increased risk of

122 Lack of circumcision has been identified as a risk factor for ma

123 Medical male circumcision has been shown to reduce HIV transmission t

124 Male circumcision has received international attention as an

125 Limitations of circumcision have also been explored.

126 an papilloma virus, HIV, and the practice of circumcision have been reassessed.

127 combinations of male condom use, adult male circumcision, HIV testing, and early antiretroviral ther

128 Additional risk factors included traditional circumcision, home birth, tribal scarring, and hepatitis

129 rican countries plan to scale-up infant male circumcision (IMC) for cost-efficient HIV prevention.

130 n blocks of 20, men were assigned to undergo circumcision immediately (intervention) or after 24 mont

131 Increasing data support the value of male circumcision in geographic areas with high prevalence of

132 We assessed whether circumcision in HIV-infected men would reduce transmissi

133 ethods to assess women's perceptions of male circumcision in Iringa, Tanzania.

134 a from a randomized controlled trial of male circumcision in Kisumu, Kenya, adjusted mean survival ra

135 er, the comparable protective effect of male circumcision in MSM studies conducted before the era of

136 The benefit of circumcision in newborns seems most applicable in the fi

137 ed in foreskin samples obtained from medical circumcision in Rakai, Uganda (35 HIV-infected, HSV-2-in

138 ntiretroviral therapy (ART) and medical male circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.

139 ently enrolled in a randomised trial of male circumcision in Rakai, Uganda.

140 rials have demonstrated the efficacy of male circumcision in reducing the incidence of HIV infection

141 INTERPRETATION: Scale-up of male circumcision in sub-Saharan Africa has public health imp

142 ales: management of varicoceles, the role of circumcision in the acquisition and transmission of sexu

143 vention programs in Africa; the inclusion of circumcision in the health policy of developed countries

144 esting to the effectiveness of clinical male circumcision in the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission

145 omen about the risks and limitations of male circumcision, in addition to the benefits, should be exp

146 ion, studies have reported other benefits of circumcision including protection from certain STIs, inc

147 Among male infants, lack of circumcision increased the likelihood of a UTI (summary

148 ged 15-49 years were randomized to immediate circumcision (intervention arm, 441 subjects) or delayed

149 been randomly assigned to undergo immediate circumcision (intervention group) and 1709 to undergo ci

150 fic, religious, and cultural aspects of male circumcision (intervention group), or standard outreach

151 randomisation sequence to receive immediate circumcision (intervention; n=474) or circumcision delay

152 Male circumcision is a primary HIV-1 prevention intervention

153 The question of circumcision is another area of long-term interest in th

154 Male circumcision is being widely deployed as an HIV preventi

155 Condom use after male circumcision is essential for HIV prevention.

156 The cost of a male circumcision is refinanced fastest, after 13 y, for circ

157 duction in the transmission of HIV linked to circumcision, leading professional organizations to gene

158 Circumcision likely reduces risk of HIV-1 acquisition in

159 Circumcision may be indicated in men, and surgery may be

160 Circumcision may be protective against HPV infection of

161 Male circumcision may lower men's risk of human papillomaviru

162 Circumcision may protect against HPV-associated disease

163 A randomized trial of voluntary medical male circumcision (MC) of HIV-infected men reported increased

164 andomized trials have demonstrated that male circumcision (MC) reduces heterosexual acquisition of HI

165 erent intervention models for promoting male circumcision (MC) to prevent HIV transmission in Western

166 tudy of 221 HIV-infected men undergoing male circumcision (MC) was conducted in Rakai, Uganda.

167 y be at an increased risk of HSV-2 from male circumcision (MC) wounds.

168 Approximately 1.4 million male circumcisions (MCs) are performed annually in US medical

169 imated the 72-month efficacy of medical male circumcision (MMC) against herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2

170 Medical male circumcision (MMC) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are

171 cost by increasing coverage of medical male circumcision (MMC) and antiretroviral treatment (ART) at

172 were randomly assigned to receive immediate circumcision (n=2474) or circumcision delayed for 24 mon

173 randomly assigned to an intervention group (circumcision; n=1391) or a control group (delayed circum

174 One circumcision of a young man up to age 20 prevents on ave

175 Circumcision of HIV-infected men did not reduce HIV tran

176 Circumcision of men in this population did not reduce th

177 In women, circumcision of their male partners was associated with

178 the limited/partial protection medical male circumcision offers.

179 ur aim was to investigate the effect of male circumcision on HIV incidence in men.

180 demonstrating the protective effects of male circumcision on HIV infection, studies have reported oth

181 We examined the effect of male circumcision on the acquisition of 3 nonulcerative sexua

182 ere enrolled and randomized 1:1 to immediate circumcision or control.

183 to the number of vaccinations received, sex, circumcision, or adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) serostatus.

184 All villages received the standard male circumcision outreach activities provided by the Ministr

185 imity (<60 km) and the time that a free male circumcision outreach campaign from the Tanzanian Minist

186 ctors (partner plasma viral load, STIs, male circumcision, pregnancy) were integrated with the SBS, g

187 There was a steep increase in circumcision prevalence between 2001/02 and 2007/08 in t

188 to be circumcised leading to an increase in circumcision prevalence from 3.1% to 6.9%.

189 of providers' understandings of medical male circumcision prior to roll-out, and can be used to compa

190 on, and should be considered as part of male circumcision programmes in other sub-Saharan African cou

191 In South Africa, medical male circumcision programs were rolled-out in 2010.

192 ty and cost of implementation of large-scale circumcision programs.

193 dence was found for five outcomes, with male circumcision protecting against cervical cancer, cervica

194 dium-consistency evidence was found for male circumcision protecting against human papillomavirus and

195 MSM revealed insufficient evidence that male circumcision protects against HIV infection or other STI

196 participating in a randomized trial of male circumcision provided exfoliated penile cells from 2 ana

197 Less is known about whether male circumcision provides protection against HIV infection a

198 ural strategies have made a difference--male circumcision provides substantial protection from sexual

199 ctions (STIs), there is little evidence that circumcision provides women with direct protection again

200 nd treatment, without changing condom use or circumcision rates, resulted in an 89% reduction in HIV

201 Male circumcision reduced HIV incidence in men without behavi

202 Male circumcision reduces acquisition of herpes simplex virus

203 PC further support anaerobes involvement as circumcision reduces anaerobe colonisation on the glans

204 We assessed whether male circumcision reduces HSV-2 infection among female partne

205 Male circumcision reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

206 Male circumcision reduces men's risk of acquiring HIV and som

207 nd meta-analyses have demonstrated that male circumcision reduces men's risk of contracting human imm

208 Male circumcision reduces the incidence of multiple HR-HPV in

209 Randomised trials show that male circumcision reduces the prevalence and incidence of hig

210 While male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male HIV tran

211 and observational studies suggest that male circumcision reduces the risk of HIV acquisition in men.

212 American Academy of Pediatrics Task Force on Circumcision report.

213 ale circumcision has been a concern for male circumcision scale-up programs.

214 programmes need to provide greater access to circumcision services and the design and implementation

215 appropriate, voluntary, safe, and affordable circumcision services should be integrated with other HI

216 In 2009 to 2011 the availability of circumcision services was negligible, but by 2012 to 201

217 iodemographic factors, sexual behavior, male circumcision, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy

218 Our findings indicate that male circumcision should now be accepted as an efficacious in

219 s for newborns, especially those who perform circumcisions, should provide nonbiased, up-to-date info

220 reasing the incidence of HIV infection, male circumcision significantly reduced the incidence of HSV-

221 Male circumcision significantly reduced the incidence of huma

222 Male circumcision significantly reduces the risk of HIV acqui

223 herpes simplex virus 2 serostatus, and male circumcision status among HESN participants.

224 individually or combined, did not differ by circumcision status as a time-dependent variable or a fi

225 In this population, self-report of circumcision status did not result in accurate informati

226 Vaccine effect differed by baseline Ad5 or circumcision status during first 18 months, but neither

227 Circumcision status had no effect on the acquisition of

228 To determine the effect of circumcision status on acquisition of human immunodefici

229 The considerable impact of circumcision status on sexual practice represents a new

230 Circumcision status was assessed by the study clinician.

231 syphilis serology testing was done and male circumcision status was assessed.

232 Circumcision status was recorded as complete (glans peni

233 Controlling for subsequent circumcision status, baseline herpes simplex virus type

234 re were no differences in HPV acquisition by circumcision status.

235 t, scrotum, semen, and urine was compared by circumcision status.

236 s, it is necessary to rely on self-report of circumcision status.

237 tus within married or cohabiting unions, and circumcision status.

238 consider collaboration with traditional male circumcision (TMC) providers when planning for VMMC, the

239 Accumulating evidence shows circumcision to be protective against acquisition and tr

240 8-24 years enrolled in a randomized trial of circumcision to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HI

241 e expanding access to voluntary medical male circumcision to reduce HIV prevalence.

242 We assessed the efficacy of male circumcision to reduce prevalence and incidence of high-

243 penis were collected from men enrolled in a circumcision trial in Kisumu, Kenya.

244 ative couples followed for 2 years in a male circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda, using the Roche HPV

245 209 HIV-positive couples enrolled in a male circumcision trial in Rakai, Uganda, using the Roche Lin

246 ata collected during 2007-2011 on 2,137 male circumcision trial participants who were uncircumcised a

247 A case-control analysis nested within a male circumcision trial was conducted.

248 s randomly selected from participants in the circumcision trial.

249 ntiretroviral therapy, as in the recent male circumcision trials of heterosexual African men, support

250 ported use of ART, participant-reported male circumcision, viral-load suppression, and sexual behavio

251 demand generation for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) among 15-29 year-old males in Zambia

252 teps for cascades for voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and for partner reduction or condom

253 how the importance of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in generalized epidemics.

254 ncrease the uptake of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) in sub-Saharan Africa and enhance th

255 Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) is capable of reducing the risk of s

256 ries participating in voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) scale-up have adopted most of six el

257 wards the adoption of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC).

258 The prevalence of male circumcision was 40.6%, and age-specific prevalence had

259 tive at enrollment, the protective effect of circumcision was 60% (32-77).

260 Uptake of male circumcision was almost two-times higher in men who rece

261 Male circumcision was associated with a 42% reduction in inci

262 There was weak evidence that circumcision was associated with decreased HPV incidence

263 Male circumcision was associated with decreased risk of incid

264 We aimed to assess whether male circumcision was associated with incident syphilis in me

265 Circumcision was associated with substantially reduced H

266 isits by patients with unknown HIV exposure, circumcision was not associated with reduced HIV prevale

267 No behavioural risk compensation after circumcision was observed.

268 ourse; and, in three randomised trials, male circumcision was protective against HIV acquisition amon

269 The effect of circumcision was robust in subgroup analyses and across

270 visits by patients with known HIV exposure, circumcision was significantly associated with lower HIV

271 The effect of circumcision was stronger at the glans/corona (OR, 0.47;

272 ed infection clinics in India, we noted that circumcision was strongly protective against HIV-1 infec

273 was lifetime number of sex partners, whereas circumcision was the most significant determinant for cl

274 , 2.8; 95% CI, 1.9-4.3); and the presence of circumcision was the only finding with an LR of less tha

275 pendent randomised controlled trials of male circumcision, we enrolled HIV-negative men and their fem

276 odds ratios (AORs) for any HPV genotype and circumcision were 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.

277 ales who were not randomized to receive male circumcision were enrolled.

278 The health benefits of male circumcision were generally overstated; many respondents

279 Male circumcision will likely play an important role in HIV/S

280 Studies linking circumcision with reduced PC further support anaerobes i

281 To investigate associations of circumcision with socio-demographic characteristics, rep

282 idence intervals (CI) for the association of circumcision with socio-demographic characteristics, rep

283 Anal microbicides and circumcision would decrease the HIV prevalence at 10 yea

284 ether educating religious leaders about male circumcision would increase uptake in their village.