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1 n upon presentation of a sour tastant (30 mM citric acid).
2 medium polarities (tetraethylene glycol and citric acid).
3 d by recoating used nanoparticles with fresh citric acid.
4 from aqueous solutions after treatment with citric acid.
5 or growth in low iron minimal medium lacking citric acid.
6 apsulation with crosslinked maltodextrin and citric acid.
7 of pectins extracted from banana peels with citric acid.
8 effect on potato and apple PPO than 100 ppm citric acid.
9 sts of mainly silica, hydrogen peroxide, and citric acid.
10 ed by stimulation with a sour tastant, 30 mM citric acid.
13 10%, pH 7.2), phosphoric acid (37%, pH <1), citric acid (10%, pH 1.5), and polyacrylic acid (25%, pH
15 and Otomi bean coats were extracted in water-citric acid 2% (1/50, w/v), stirring for 4h at 40 degree
16 mal group included glycine betaine (9-fold), citric acid (2.8-fold), kynurenic acid (1.8-fold), gluco
17 were burnished with 0.12% chlorhexidine, 20% citric acid, 24% EDTA/1.5% NaOCl, or sterile saline and
18 ivided as low dose (sodium nitrite, 3%, with citric acid, 4.5%, creams applied twice daily), middle d
20 cording to the time of demineralization with citric acid (50%, pH 1): 15, 30, 90, and 180 seconds and
21 aily), middle dose (sodium nitrite, 6%, with citric acid, 9%, creams applied once daily at night, wit
25 sing macroscopic and molecular-based probes, citric acid adsorption and nanoparticle interactions are
26 esized from biocompatible monomers including citric acid, aliphatic diols, and various amino acids vi
27 of the food ingredients alpha-d-glucose and citric acid, along with sodium sulfate, were produced us
28 er an antiviral hand treatment containing 2% citric acid and 2% malic acid in 62% ethanol (n = 116) o
29 containing 0.5% m/v herbal powder, 0.1% m/v citric acid and 2% v/v HCl was injected into the VG-ICP-
30 L-leucine, glucose, fructose, myo-inositol, citric acid and 2, 3-hydroxypropanoic acid).Two QTL mapp
33 in a silica nanofluidic channel filled with citric acid and disodium phosphate buffers is investigat
37 alkaline starch suspension was charged with citric acid and incubated for different durations (0, 8.
38 However, in the malic acid, succinic acid, citric acid and lactic acid solutions, any coloration wa
41 acid showed competitive inhibition, whereas, citric acid and sodium azide showed mixed inhibition of
43 t combines microbially based leaching (using citric acid and spent fungal supernatant) with electroch
44 rimetry, we demonstrate that upon cooling of citric acid and sucrose solutions a fast freezing proces
46 Tastants (0.1 m NaCl, 0.1 m sucrose, 0.01 m citric acid, and 0.0001 m quinine) were delivered for fi
48 nee River humic acid, fulvic acid, alginate, citric acid, and carboxymethyl cellulose greatly enhance
50 carotene, ascorbyl palmitate, ascorbic acid, citric acid, and their combinations, on the lipid oxidat
51 s variables (percentage of sugar, pectin and citric acid, and time of thermal treatment) on the volat
52 way as in G5 plus surface conditioning using citric acid; and group 8 (G8) samples were treated in th
53 line food ingredients (including glucose and citric acid) are capable of forming crystal hydrate stru
55 her than equivalent materials prepared using citric acid as a structure-directing agent, and electric
57 r consumption, and calcium, tannic acid, and citric acid as additives were evaluated to determine if
59 t yield of pectin (7.62%) was obtained using citric acid at pH 2.5 [1:25 (w/v)] at 95 degrees C for 3
60 was extracted from cocoa husks using water, citric acid at pH 2.5 or 4.0, or hydrochloric acid at pH
61 able acidity changed between 2.6 and 2.8g/L, citric acid between 2.3 and 2.8 g/L, l-malic acid in a r
63 oxylic acids (oxalic, malonic, succinic, and citric acids), BrO3(-) formation varies, depending on it
64 s in two steps: stereospecific activation of citric acid by adenylation, followed by attack of the en
65 we investigated the retention mechanisms of citric acid (CA) in kaolinite-Fe(III)-CA systems with va
66 e juice (PJ, replacing water as solvent) and citric acid (CA) on properties of pectin films was studi
69 In all samples, four OAs [malic acid (MA), citric acid (CA), succinic acid (SA) and oxalic acid (OX
70 to as C-dots, by following the pyrolysis of citric acid (CA)-ethanolamine (EA) precursor at differen
72 ley straw was thermochemically modified with citric acid (CA-BS) for the purpose of improving the Cu(
74 The swallowing reflexes evoked by laryngeal citric acid challenges were abolished by recurrent laryn
77 se melons contain almost twice the amount of citric acid compared to standard melons and are describe
78 ment, or a solution containing the malic and citric acid components of the juice, was ineffective.
80 ydroxyapatite (NHA) blended clot adhesion to citric acid-conditioned peri-implantitis-affected surfac
82 Objective testing of the cough reflex using citric acid cough challenge tests did not show any signi
86 However, in peptic fluid, NLC loading and citric acid crosslinking brought about much higher decre
88 flux through lactate dehydrogenase, and the citric acid cycle (as inferred by flux through pyruvate
91 Yet some tumours harbour mutations in the citric acid cycle (CAC) or electron transport chain (ETC
93 adenine dinucleotide metabolism and altered citric acid cycle activity, but not with disease-specifi
95 e bifunctional proteins that function in the citric acid cycle and act as posttranscriptional regulat
97 xes, resulting in diminished capacity of the citric acid cycle and disruption of energy metabolism.
99 ically block key steps of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle and monitor the effect on RpoS degrada
100 (13)C MFA studies have identified increased citric acid cycle and pentose phosphate pathway fluxes a
101 The root of this tree combines the reductive citric acid cycle and the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway into a
102 ular, the balance between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle appears as a determinant/indicator of
103 succinyl analogs ties its metabolism to the citric acid cycle by reduction of the fumarate pool.
104 at glycogen production from the level of the citric acid cycle did not occur and that the glycerol co
105 e enzyme catalyzing the only reaction of the citric acid cycle directly producing energy; succinyl-Co
106 ts suggest that the novel cross-talk between citric acid cycle enzymes and electron transfer chain co
108 ose and glycerol that had passed through the citric acid cycle first increased in fasted animals from
109 ed PPARalpha(-/-) mice suggested compromised citric acid cycle flux, enhanced urea cycle activity, an
111 boxylation pathway travels in reverse of the citric acid cycle from alpha-ketoglutarate to citrate.
112 ansporter gene in the order Lactobacillales, citric acid cycle genes in Burkholderiales or molybdenum
115 utants, these results suggest a role for the citric acid cycle in the infection and colonization stag
117 lic archaeon Pyrobaculum islandicum uses the citric acid cycle in the oxidative and reductive directi
120 se tissue, suggesting that signaling by this citric acid cycle intermediate may regulate energy homeo
121 By highlighting three receptor families-(a) citric acid cycle intermediate receptors, (b) purinergic
123 We show that selective accumulation of the citric acid cycle intermediate succinate is a universal
124 n was obtained from the labeling patterns of citric acid cycle intermediates and related compounds.
125 verall, our data show that gluconeogenic and citric acid cycle intermediates cannot be considered as
127 ter (NaDC1) is involved in the absorption of citric acid cycle intermediates from the lumen of the re
128 +)/dicarboxylate cotransporter NaDC1 absorbs citric acid cycle intermediates from the lumen of the sm
129 oxyacetone phosphate); and (iii) labeling of citric acid cycle intermediates in tissue versus effluen
131 boxylate cotransporter transports Na(+) with citric acid cycle intermediates such as succinate and ci
132 1 (NaDC1) is a low-affinity transporter for citric acid cycle intermediates such as succinate and ci
133 e pathway involves synthesis of PEP from the citric acid cycle intermediates via PEP carboxykinase, w
135 erosis, the net synthesis in mitochondria of citric acid cycle intermediates, and cataplerosis, their
137 of gluconeogenic carbon leaves the liver as citric acid cycle intermediates, mostly alpha-ketoglutar
141 of metabolites of liver gluconeogenesis and citric acid cycle labeled from NaH(13)CO(3) or dimethyl
142 we report that glutamine-dependent oxidative citric acid cycle metabolism is required to generate fum
144 anism for the order Corynebacteriales, whose citric acid cycle occupies a central position in energy
145 t evidence for metabolism of glycerol in the citric acid cycle or the PPP but not an influence of eit
146 s the main catalyst for this reaction in the citric acid cycle outside the retina, and that the retin
147 ted that one third of glutamine entering the citric acid cycle travels to citrate via reductive carbo
149 he glycerol contribution to oxidation in the citric acid cycle was negligible in the presence of alte
151 ast, genes related to beta-oxidation and the citric acid cycle were relatively overexpressed in adipo
152 alpha-ketoglutaric acid (all members of the citric acid cycle) have not been identified in extraterr
153 ylase (Calvin cycle), citrate lyase (reverse citric acid cycle), and malyl coenzyme A lyase (3-hydrox
154 dition to its role as an intermediary of the citric acid cycle, acts as an alarmin, initiating and pr
155 Pathways such as glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, citric acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, and fatty acid
156 owever, glycerol may also be oxidized in the citric acid cycle, and glycogen synthesis from glycerol
158 ical model of the mitochondria including the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain and ROS prod
159 lls, including the electron transport chain, citric acid cycle, fatty acid oxidation, amino acid synt
160 e phosphate pathway (PPP), metabolism in the citric acid cycle, incomplete equilibration by triose ph
162 oxygen, but it also plays a key role in the citric acid cycle, ketone metabolism, and heme synthesis
163 to enhance aerobic glycolysis coupled to the citric acid cycle, mitochondrial respiration and ATP gen
164 of several metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle, polyamine, and fatty acid metabolism.
167 there is robust oxidation of glucose in the citric acid cycle, yet glucose contributes less than 50%
168 regulation of in vivo glucose-producing and citric acid cycle-related fluxes during an acute bout of
190 r work thus reveals a novel subunit of a key citric acid-cycle enzyme and shows how this large comple
191 of mixtures of three pure analytes, namely, citric acid, D-(-)fructose, and alpha-lactose monohydrat
193 ll-dissolved alkaline starch suspension with citric acid decreased at first both the flow index and c
194 montmorillonite K10 as a catalyst in aqueous citric acid delivers the products of an aza-Diels-Alder
197 hermore, changes in 6 metabolites, including citric acid, differentiated cases from controls with a h
199 he protection of the three solutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immers
202 d characterize MATE transporters involved in citric acid export, Al(3+) tolerance and Fe translocatio
203 Conditioning by EDTA, phosphoric acid, and citric acid exposed growth factors on dentine and trigge
209 thylammonium bromide) and a chelating agent (citric acid), for the generation of a mesoMOF containing
211 olites, pyruvate, succinic acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, and alpha-ketoglutaric acid,
212 e that contained higher levels of pectin and citric acid gave better results in the preservation of t
216 ed with MHA after surface conditioning using citric acid; group 4 (G4) samples were treated in the sa
218 pproximately 500 fmol limit of detection for citric acid), improvements in sensitivity will increase
219 plantitis-affected surface conditioning with citric acid improves NHA-blended clot adhesion to titani
220 e prepared by straightforward thermolysis of citric acid in a simple one-pot, multigram synthesis and
221 tents of total phenolics, phenolic acids and citric acid in the autumn and low contents in the spring
225 d peroxidation observations show that Cu and citric acid increased membrane damage, while EDTA and DT
226 nds (metal = thulium) and six REEs (ligand = citric acid), indicating that this could be a common fea
228 d the vagal reflex behaviour, exemplified by citric acid-induced coughing, was significantly suppress
230 RH-temperature phase diagrams of glucose and citric acid, information which is beneficial for selecti
231 ated to increase synthesis of malic acid and citric acid involvement in nickel hyperaccumulation.
233 unds such as pyruvic acid, oxaloacetic acid, citric acid, isocitric acid, and alpha-ketoglutaric acid
234 merization of the rice starches treated with citric acid, lactic acid or acetic acid were significant
235 In both soils, treatment with the tribasic citric acid led to a greater increase in soil solution P
239 high potassium citrate content, rather than citric acid, may be more effective in reducing stone ris
241 eterminations were performed using palladium+citric acid modifier and applying a pyrolysis temperatur
242 oyed to investigate how epimerization of the citric acid moiety or imide formation influence its func
244 sed of organic (acetic, oxalic, succinic, or citric) acid/monovalent inorganic salt mixtures was asse
245 rch was to evaluate the effect of stevia and citric acid on the stability of phenolic compounds, anti
246 both the details of the surface chemistry of citric acid on TiO(2), including measurements of surface
247 ; bentonite: activated clay: celite=3:4:1+1% citric acid) on the physico-chemical changes of oil used
249 The subsequent crosslinking of proteins by citric acid or CaCl2 resulted in the formation of cold-s
250 g treatments and addition of PPO inhibitors (citric acid, oxalic acid, and sodium borate) to aqueous
251 ovel software revealed that 6 members of the citric acid pathway were among the 23 most changed metab
253 ugar content, and molar mass and compared to citric acid (pH 2.5, 2h at 80 degrees C) extracted polym
254 iceptors, and (iii) injection of intradermal citric acid (pH 3.0) into the nape induced a pruritogen-
255 rot anthocyanin (0.025%) in model beverages (citric acid, pH 3.0) containing l-ascorbic acid (0.050%)
256 ) in model beverages (0.05% l-ascorbic acid, citric acid, pH 3.0) stored at elevated temperature (40
260 copy of extracted and native WSF showed that citric acid remained partially associated to the extract
261 we found that legiobactin is composed of two citric acid residues linked by a putrescine bridge and t
262 two buffer systems (based on acetic acid vs citric acid) revealed differences in mAb aggregation und
263 using a one-step hydrothermal reaction, with citric acid serving as the carbon source and ethylene di
265 imide analogous to the imide forms of other citric acid siderophores that are often observed when th
267 astants: sucrose (sweet), caffeine (bitter), citric acid (sour), sodium chloride (salty) and monosodi
272 -17) m(2).s(-1)) in viscous organic liquids (citric acid, sucrose, and shikimic acid) and inorganic g
273 ents present in the beverage (ascorbic acid, citric acid, sucrose, aromas, strawberry juice, and extr
274 reduction in glycolysis, glutaminolysis, the citric acid (TCA) cycle as well as the amino acids pools
275 cal pathways such as vitamin metabolism, the citric acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism.
276 ate flux through glycolysis, beta-oxidation, citric acid (TCA) cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation (
277 ew paracrine mediator, the mitochondrial the citric acid(TCA) cycle intermediate alpha-ketoglutarate
279 olloids that were extracted, using either 1% citric acid (THC) or water (THW), had a good foaming cap
281 wo NIS synthetases condense two molecules of citric acid to d-ornithine in a stepwise ordered process
282 ester/exclude Cu/nano-Cu; down-regulation of citric acid to reduce the mobilization of Cu ions; ascor
286 We investigated whether the addition of a citric acid/trisodium citrate (CA/TSC) mixture before ex
289 ete recovery of sulforaphane, malic acid and citric acid was achieved, where total phenolic content a
290 localized overgrowth of Au was observed when citric acid was used as the reducing agent, producing Pd
295 reducing agents, namely, L-ascorbic acid and citric acid, were utilized for the reduction of HAuCl(4)
296 ble selectivity for CBZ against ascorbic and citric acid which are the main compounds of the orange j
297 mainly SiO2 nanospheres, H2O2, and malic and citric acids, which are different from previous CMP slur
298 as been shown to enantioselectively esterify citric acid with l-serine in the first committed step of
300 e and continued leaching of REEs by recycled citric acid, with up to 392 mg of Nd L(-1) and 281 mg of
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