ライフサイエンスコーパス: climb

1 d during the process, leading to dislocation climb.

2 ated to STGBs are annihilated by dislocation climb.

3 lip-recovery during ascending and descending climbs.

4 led just as incarceration rates dramatically climbed.

5 d patterns with other legs, as in walking or climbing.

6 in the triad maintains EMF responsiveness in climbing.

7 anatomies that facilitate safe and efficient climbing.

8 Lesioning the habenula reduces light-evoked climbing.

9 repertoire included a substantial amount of climbing.

10 source additional to that of faster gradient climbing.

11 demonstrate directional control, as well as climbing.

12 e role of adaptation in chemotactic gradient-climbing.

13 ts of difficulty walking one-quarter mile or climbing 10 steps during semiannual assessments over 13

14 eed (12.1; 95% CI, 1.4-22.8; P = .03), stair climb (11.4; 95% CI, 1.3-21.5; P = .03), pain (20.7; 95%

15 tain rate of energy expenditure during stair climbing; (2) two step climbing invokes a higher rate of

16 lows: distance (39.1%), speed (15.6%), stair climb (9.7%), pain (116.9%), VascuQol (41%), EQ-5D (18%)

17 o expend the maximum number of calories when climbing a set of stairs the single-step strategy is bet

18 ed exercises (such as standing from a chair, climbing a step) taught by a physical therapist and perf

19 ill compared with those that performed RT by climbing a vertical ladder with weights, despite their s

20 long argued--often contentiously--about the climbing abilities of early hominins and whether a foot

21 Indeed, survival, climbing ability and neuronal function were unchanged in

22 ales exhibit reduced lifespan and diminished climbing ability.

23 Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations yield a self climb activation energy of 2 (2.5) times the vacancy mig

24 We optimize a hill climbing algorithm and extend the framework to include m

25 We also tested a greedy hill climbing algorithm and observed similar results as the o

26 We propose a modified hill-climbing algorithm to optimize pattern sets for database

27 ures is developed and optimized using a hill climbing algorithm.

28 An alternative mechanism, self climb, allows prismatic dislocation loops to move away f

29 nd newborn and child health has continued to climb, although DAH for HIV/AIDS and most other health f

30 r, and loss of stand from supine, four-stair climb, ambulation, full overhead reach, hand-to-mouth fu

31 slocation dynamics simulations allowing self climb and glide show quantitative agreement with transmi

32 Insect fouling during takeoff, climb and landing can result in increased drag and fuel

33 h bipedalism remain compatible with vertical climbing and arboreal resource acquisition.

34 Jurassic of China has skeletal features for climbing and dental characters indicative of an omnivoro

35 To evaluate this, we filmed climbing and feeding in Sicyopterus stimpsoni from Hawai

36 nt recovery of motor function as assessed by climbing and flight assays.

37 given LM22A-4 demonstrated improved downward climbing and grip strength compared with those given veh

38 s for food with acrobatic feats such as tree climbing and jumping between branches.

39 red, after which all animals were capable of climbing and supporting their weight by gripping the cag

40 ng life for strong grasping during locomotor climbing and suspension.

41 ive and suggest the retention of substantial climbing and suspensory ability.

42 sitions in hand use: a reduction in arboreal climbing and the manufacture and use of tools.

43 ements were used to determine how T. cordata climbs and to test for ecophysiological shifts related t

44 sms associated with their nucleation, glide, climb, and annihilation at elevated temperatures.

45 nd to sustain the colony, workers must walk, climb, and use phototaxis as they move inside and outsid

46 line we assessed the walking distance, stair-climbing, and walking speed WIQ category scores among in

47 dy the allometry of adhesive pad area in 225 climbing animal species, covering more than seven orders

48 a way that trapped genotypes can repeatedly climb ascending slopes and hence, escape adaptive stasis

49 underlying the grain rotation is dislocation climb at the grain boundary, rather than grain boundary

50 Flies avoid futile climbing attempts by processing parallax-motion vision t

51 ms based on evolutionary algorithms and hill-climbing based techniques.

52 The result is a "ratchet-like" gradient climbing behavior with drift speeds that can approach ha

53 rers from the Ituri forest, we did find that climbing by the Twa is associated with longer fibers in

54 One striking class of flies attempts to climb chasms of unsurmountable width; expression analysi

55 e Sclerosis at Brigham and Women's Hospital (CLIMB) cohort study.

56 To identify neuronal substrates of climbing control, we screened a large collection of fly

57 els and rescue of the shortened lifespan and climbing defects of Abeta-expressing flies.

58 y exposure length over five minutes produced climbing deficits that lasted for days.

59 osure to 100% CO2, D. melanogaster exhibited climbing deficits up to 24 hours after exposure.

60 st and palm indicate a significant degree of climbing, despite the derived nature of many aspects of

61 nced >/=20.0 point declines in the WIQ stair climbing, distance, and speed scores had a higher rate o

62 Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) stair climbing, distance, or speed scores were associated with

63 nge scores on the distance, speed, and stair-climb domains of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (s

64 15 healthy older adult subjects for 4 wk at climbing dosages of, on average, 9.2, 22.5, 46.3 and 91

65 Viremia gradually climbs during gestation but sometimes declines sharply i

66 Dyspnea, difficulty in walking or climbing, fatigue/increased need to rest, and fatigue/lo

67 ns, but, regardless of activation frequency, climbing fiber (CF) coactivation provides an instructive

68 eatures include morphological alterations in climbing fiber (CF) innervation of Purkinje cells (PCs).

69 Climbing fiber (CF) input to the cerebellum is thought t

70 -term amplification of synaptic responses to climbing fiber (CF) or PF stimulation and enhance the am

71 ays a predominant role in terminating DSE at climbing fiber (CF) to PC synapses, while both neuronal

72 Purkinje cells (PCs), and prevented loss of climbing fiber (CF)-PC synapses in comparison to vehicle

73 rning, MCS and ZCS cells developed increased climbing fiber (MCS) or parallel fiber (ZCS) input durin

74 tivity and changes in cerebellar output, and climbing fiber activation did not induce VOR-decrease le

75 re was no trial-by-trial correlation between climbing fiber activity and changes in cerebellar output

76 Cerebellar climbing fiber activity encodes performance errors durin

77 This pattern of climbing fiber activity is markedly similar to the respo

78 During VOR-increase training, climbing fiber activity on one trial predicted changes i

79 ng electrical stimulation of mossy fiber and climbing fiber afferents as CS and US, while alternating

80 kinje cells may phasically control their own climbing fiber afferents.

81 racking task in the monkey (Macaca mulatta), climbing fiber discharge dynamically controls the inform

82 th types of response were shown to be mainly climbing fiber in origin and therefore evoked by transmi

83 ms, including the neuromuscular junction and climbing fiber innervation of Purkinje cells, are models

84 viously, we demonstrated similar deficits in climbing fiber innervation when analyzed on PN14.

85 firing provide for a new hypothesis in which climbing fiber input adjusts the encoding of SS informat

86 ts suggest a novel function of CSs, in which climbing fiber input dynamically controls the state of P

87 The climbing fiber input to Purkinje cells acts as a teachin

88 The climbing fiber input to the cerebellar cortex is thought

89 Climbing fiber input to the cerebellum is believed to se

90 In the present study we examined the climbing fiber input to the medial half of folium IXcd,

91 Purkinje cell synapses under control of the climbing fiber input, which provides an error signal as

92 in simple spike firing can be independent of climbing fiber input.

93 Theories of cerebellar learning assert that climbing fiber inputs control plasticity at synapses ont

94 Climbing fiber inputs to Purkinje cells are thought to b

95 calcium spikes, which was modulated by a non-climbing fiber pathway.

96 in access to the cerebellum is via ascending climbing fiber pathways.

97 postcomplex spike pause, a component of the climbing fiber signal in Purkinje neurons, and show that

98 This reduced vestibular climbing fiber signaling to the contralateral folia 8-10

99 transmission in these pathways controls when climbing fiber signals can modify cerebellar activity.

100 own that Golgi cell activity is regulated by climbing fiber stimulation, yet there is little function

101 f excitation and inhibition following single climbing fiber stimulation.

102 ngs elucidate an unappreciated aspect of the climbing fiber teaching signal, and are consistent with

103 ffect of varying the number of pulses in the climbing fiber teaching signal.

104 ligin isoforms differentially contributed to climbing-fiber and basket/stellate-cell synapse function

105 distal climbing-fiber synapses and weakened climbing-fiber but not parallel-fiber synapses, consiste

106 trikingly, such stimulations trigger delayed climbing-fiber input signals in the stimulated Purkinje

107 Climbing-fiber inputs appear to play a fast and primary,

108 ely depressed in Purkinje cells that receive climbing-fiber inputs from the instruction.

109 tion of pursuit and therefore do not receive climbing-fiber inputs related to the instruction, simple

110 The earliest learning occurs when one climbing-fiber response to a learning instruction causes

111 nexpectedly essential for maintaining normal climbing-fiber synapse numbers.

112 ebellar Purkinje cells caused loss of distal climbing-fiber synapses and weakened climbing-fiber but

113 airments in their distribution and function (climbing-fiber synapses) to large decreases in synapse n

114 llins as neurexin ligands for the excitatory climbing-fiber versus parallel-fiber synapses.

115 ing in the granule cell population, allowing climbing-fiber-driven Purkinje cell learning at arbitrar

116 Communication between climbing fibers (CFs) and molecular layer interneurons (

117 f the C1q family of proteins, is provided by climbing fibers (CFs) and serves as a crucial anterograd

118 not detectable: both were mono-innervated by climbing fibers (CFs) extending along their well-develop

119 rve competitive elimination of supernumerary climbing fibers (CFs) in the cerebellum of live mouse pu

120 Cerebellar climbing fibers (CFs) provide powerful excitatory input

121 quired for bursting, activation of AMPARs by climbing fibers (CFs) was sufficient to trigger bursts.

122 main input synapses from parallel (PFs) and climbing fibers (CFs).

123 In addition, we observed that climbing fibers activated by periocular airpuffs also re

124 Here, we show that glutamate released from climbing fibers activates ionotropic and metabotropic re

125 IO neurons excite Purkinje cells via climbing fibers and depress their parallel fiber inputs.

126 or anatomical evidence for synapses between climbing fibers and Golgi cells.

127 al control over the induction of learning by climbing fibers and Purkinje cells can expand the learni

128 g training, joint control of learning by the climbing fibers and Purkinje cells may expand the learni

129 The interactions between the climbing fibers and the Purkinje cells were examined on

130 uantify the interactions between the olivary climbing fibers and the Purkinje cells when the cerebell

131 sion patterns that suggest a contribution of climbing fibers and their collaterals.

132 y gated in vivo, even under conditions where climbing fibers are robustly activated by performance er

133 oded, we recorded the activity of individual climbing fibers during cerebellum-dependent eyeblink con

134 ayer interneurons, these results reveal that climbing fibers exert control over inhibition at both th

135 PCs integrate two excitatory inputs, climbing fibers from inferior olive and parallel fibers

136 ound the following topographic relationship: climbing fibers from the caudal lateral mcIO were locate

137 ssy fibers and a teaching signal through the climbing fibers from the inferior olive.

138 ated in lateral P2+ and P2- ZII stripes, and climbing fibers from the middle lateral mcIO were locate

139 e located in P1+ and medial P1- ZII stripes; climbing fibers from the rostral lateral mcIO were locat

140 ng pathways, respectively, that terminate as climbing fibers in the "hindlimb-receiving" parts of the

141 s limits their ability to forward signals to climbing fibers in the cerebellar cortex.

142 g, we analyzed excitatory synapses formed by climbing fibers on Purkinje cells in cerebellum and inhi

143 Following glutamate spillover from climbing fibers or application of CNQX, evoked GABA rele

144 vironment along translational axes and their climbing fibers originate in the lateral half of the med

145 nferior olivary nuclei from which vestibular climbing fibers originate; the beta-nucleus and dorsomed

146 At the same time, adult climbing fibers react by sprouting new branches through

147 We found that climbing fibers signaled both the unexpected delivery an

148 Within the rat AZ/PZ, climbing fibers terminated selectively within the dendri

149 stronger influence of the background on the climbing fibers than on learning.

150 are transmitted by mossy/parallel fibers and climbing fibers to cerebellar Purkinje cells that acquir

151 Our data suggest that the ability of climbing fibers to induce plasticity can be dynamically

152 s in inferior olivary (IO) neurons that send climbing fibers to innervate cerebellar Purkinje cells f

153 he next trial, and optogenetic activation of climbing fibers to mimic their encoding of performance e

154 al instructive signals carried by cerebellar climbing fibers, but with a stronger influence of the ba

155 fibers to Purkinje cells' synapse guided by climbing fibers, feedforward inhibition of Purkinje cell

156 Climbing fibers, the projections from the inferior olive

157 ns of variability driven by the parallel and climbing fibers.

158 ibers to Purkinje cells with the help of the climbing fibers.

159 structural plasticity by using, as a model, climbing fibers.

160 modulation of CSs and SSs depends on intact climbing fibers.

161 ly robust putative error signals in the same climbing fibers: learned increases and decreases in the

162 MAGL prolonged DSE at parallel fibre (PF) or climbing fibre (CF) to Purkinje cell (PC) synapses.

163 In vivo and in vitro data suggest that climbing fibre collateral excitation is weak in adult mi

164 We therefore examined climbing fibre collateral input to large premotor CbN ce

165 res in the cerebellar cortex, implicates the climbing fibre collateral pathway in early postnatal dev

166 Activating climbing fibre collaterals evoked well-timed increases i

167 The convergence of climbing fibre collaterals onto CbN cells decreases from

168 eneration of proximal dendrites, the site of climbing fibre innervation, most pronounced.

169 hen painful signals are involved, and as the climbing fibre input to zone C3 is extremely responsive

170 grating diverse afferent signals to generate climbing fibre inputs to the cerebellar cortex.

171 grating diverse afferent signals to generate climbing fibre inputs to the cerebellar cortex.

172 tive motor signals to the cerebellum via the climbing fibre projection, which sends collaterals direc

173 While it is well established that climbing fibre signals are important for motor coordinat

174 central role in control of olivo-cerebellar climbing fibre signals.

175 tionship between the altered distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections and tremor.

176 jor excitatory inputs to Purkinje cells, and climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections are essential f

177 These findings suggest that abnormal climbing fibre-Purkinje cell connections could be of imp

178 ter type 2 immunohistochemistry, we labelled climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses of 12 essential tr

179 The distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on Purkinje cell d

180 ter portion of the molecular layer, and more climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on the thin Purkin

181 ential tremor, the increased distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses on the thin Purkin

182 s to examine the density and distribution of climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synapses using post-mortem

183 ntrols, essential tremor cases had decreased climbing fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic density, more clim

184 into question the widely held view that the climbing-fibre input is an 'all-or-none' event.

185 lex spike (CS) caused in Purkinje cells by a climbing-fibre input.

186 rning relies on movement errors signalled by climbing-fibre inputs to cause long-term depression of s

187 e imaged post-lesion sprouting of cerebellar climbing fibres (CFs) in mice using in vivo time-lapse m

188 g fibre-Purkinje cell synaptic density, more climbing fibres extending to the outer portion of the mo

189 Normally, climbing fibres form synapses mainly on the thick, proxi

190 AG to cerebellar cortex, which terminates as climbing fibres in lateral vermal lobule VIII (pyramis).

191 ptic strength coinciding with the pruning of climbing fibres in the cerebellar cortex, implicates the

192 ggest that during learning, longer bursts in climbing fibres lead to longer-duration CS responses in

193 Cerebellar climbing fibres originate in the inferior olive (IO).

194 Climbing fibres provide one of the major excitatory inpu

195 Additionally, however, these climbing fibres send collaterals to the cerebellar nucle

196 r olivary neurons transmit their signals via climbing fibres, which powerfully excite Purkinje cells,

197 reover, developmental elimination of surplus climbing fibres--a model for activity-dependent synaptic

198 olive and therefore may be correlated across climbing fibres.

199 uration of electrically controlled bursts in climbing fibres.

200 f C2/C3 neurons strongly or mildly decreased climbing frequency.

201 rior to its upper surface, peak temperatures climb from as much as 20 degrees C below to 5 degrees C

202 een 1996/1997 and 2008/2009, the share of LA climbed from 33.1% to 85.8% (P < 0.001).

203 As HIV prevalence climbs globally, including more than 50 000 new infectio

204 volution of novel behaviors of the waterfall-climbing gobiid fish genus Sicyopterus.

205 s allowing the efficient application of hill climbing heuristics.

206 ce interval [CI]: 1.01 to 3.68 for WIQ stair climbing; HR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.15 to 4.75 for WIQ distanc

207 ature of dorsiflexion in museum specimens of climbing hunter-gatherers from the Ituri forest, we did

208 re used to map the energy landscape for self climb in iron and tungsten, finding a simple, material i

209 -specific antibody than RD-Ad, which notably climbed in serum and vaginal wash samples over 12 weeks

210 arity of oral kinematics between feeding and climbing in S. stimpsoni, evaluating the potential for e

211 omotor adaptations in docodontans to include climbing, in addition to digging and swimming.

212 ean progymnosperms run between, and probably climb into, Eospermatopteris trees.

213 enditure during stair climbing; (2) two step climbing invokes a higher rate of energy expenditure; ho

214 firming that this novel form of vacancy-free climb is many orders of magnitude faster than what is pr

215 ate of energy expenditure; however, one step climbing is energetically more expensive in total over t

216 t that negative geotaxis in flies, scored as climbing, is disrupted by a static EMF, and this is medi

217 m climbing, similarities between feeding and climbing kinematics in S. stimpsoni are consistent with

218 study presents dislocation motion, glide and climb, leading to grain boundary migration in a tungsten

219 Vacancy-mediated climb models cannot account for the fast, direct coalesc

220 faster than what is predicted by traditional climb models.

221 A 45-year-old healthy man wishes to climb Mount Kilimanjaro (5895 m) in a 5-day period, star

222 Inspired by the gradient-climbing nature of chemotaxis, the infotaxis algorithm s

223 of multisecond intervals does not depend on climbing neural activity as indexed by the CNV and that

224 It is often argued that climbing neural activity, as for example reflected by th

225 we investigate the role of adaptation in the climbing of gradients by E. coli.

226 aised surfaces; allowing children to play or climb on furniture; and teaching children safety rules a

227 significantly more likely to have played or climbed on furniture (AOR, 9.25; 95% CI, 1.22-70.07).

228 significantly less likely to have played or climbed on garden furniture (AOR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.9

229 ot to have taught their children rules about climbing on kitchen objects (AOR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.16-2.1

230 re; and teaching children safety rules about climbing on objects.

231 strategies are employed for climbing stairs, climbing one stair step per stride or two steps per stri

232 0.05), but did not demonstrate slower stair climbing or descent speed.

233 that atmospheric CO2 will likely continue to climb over the next century, a long-term increase in flo

234 When an animal transitioned to climbing over an obstacle, the encoding of movement in t

235 ocomotion during behaviors such as foraging, climbing over barriers, and navigating to memorized loca

236 Climbing over chasms larger than step size is vital to f

237 Between feeding and climbing, overall profiles of oral kinematics matched cl

238 It comprises a fossil climbing perch (Anabantidae) and a diverse subtropical f

239 is inferred to be closely related to extant climbing perches from tropical lowlands in south Asia an

240 elates of a labyrinth organ, which in extant climbing perches gives them the ability to breathe air t

241 The observed climbing phenotypes were classified; lines in each group

242 herwise uniform helical structure, such as a climbing plant tendril, refers to a kink that connects t

243 lso observed in bioadhesives exuded by other climbing plants, the adhesion mechanisms revealed by Eng

244 smission electron microscopy observations of climbing prismatic loops in iron and tungsten, confirmin

245 driven by a diffusion-controlled dislocation climb process.

246 Old male rats were submitted to RT (ladder climbing, progressive load, 3 times a week for 12 weeks)

247 Stairway climbing provides a ubiquitous and inconspicuous method

248 g), and locomotion (i.e., contact time, cage climbing) remained constant.

249 that active tail stabilization occurs during climbing, righting and gliding.

250 a physical realization with three autonomous climbing robots limited to onboard sensing.

251 ly generates low-level rules for independent climbing robots that guarantee production of that struct

252 score by 13.3 (95% CI, 11.9-15.2), and stair climbing score by 25.2 (95% CI, 25.1-29.4) (P < .001 for

253 substantially reduced probability of T cells climbing sharp-edged ramp-like structures, indicating in

254 Self climb significantly influences the coarsening rate of de

255 ary ankle dorsiflexion (>45 degrees ) during climbing, similar to the degree observed in wild chimpan

256 m feeding, or feeding movements coopted from climbing, similarities between feeding and climbing kine

257 ociated with intrusive body pain, difficulty climbing stairs and slower chair rise speed.

258 iseases and physical activity in walking and climbing stairs on these associations were not significa

259 models of intrusive body pain and difficulty climbing stairs, but for chair rise speed they were full

260 le typically two strategies are employed for climbing stairs, climbing one stair step per stride or t

261 ts with acute protrusions enable droplets to climb steeper inclines while ratchets with sub-structure

262 is cyclically protruded and attached to the climbing surface.

263 However, some modern humans climb tall trees routinely in pursuit of honey, fruit, a

264 ibilities as professor of biology, including climbing tall trees for her canopy research.

265 re leads to improved team coordination among climbing teams, but impaired psychological safety and in

266 rms) and exploratory outcomes (12-step stair climbing test, 6-min walking distance, fast gait speed,

267 y, and their views affect their decisions to climb the corporate ladder (or not).

268 d that the inserted H segment is unlikely to climb the TR barrier in parallel with the peptide synthe

269 r the intriguing turning behavior of T cells climbing the ramp-like structures.

270 Despite the known importance of self climb, theoretical models require a typically unknown ac

271 Climbing therefore provides a robust and reliable phenot

272 Stair-climb time differed by neuropathy status (P = 0.04), and

273 Stair climbing time (four-step and 12-step tests), chair rise

274 mance as secondary outcomes (four-step stair climbing time, usual gait speed, and time to rise five t

275 he numbers of laboratory-confirmed cases had climbed to 134, including 43 fatalities and 127 hospital

276 ilities increased, even as arterial pressure climbed to new levels); or altered pulmonary stretch rec

277 rticality is orthogonal-to-horizontal (as in climbing trees, operating in volumetric spaces such as w

278 Fourteen participants took part in two stair climbing trials whereby measures of heart rate were used

279 te an ATPase concentration gradient and then climb up this gradient toward higher concentrations of t

280 The trials involved climbing up and down a 14.05 m high stairway, either asc

281 The accuracies improved to 99.9-100% when climbing up the embryonic tree and classifying cancers a

282 ght and various slopes, and observed T cells climbing up the ramp-like structures.

283 As water climbs up the lanes by capillary action, it triggers a l

284 these droplets can self-propel and can even climb uphill.

285 How do vines climb upward and harvest sunlight?

286 Single-step climbing used 8.5+/-0.1 kcal min(-1), whereas double ste

287 8.5+/-0.1 kcal min(-1), whereas double step climbing used 9.2+/-0.1 kcal min(-1).

288 that promotes the capacity of this plant to climb vertical surfaces.

289 1996-2008 using timed performances on stair-climb, walking, sit-to-stand, and balance tests at the M

290 xploring two different kinds of apparatus: a climbing wall (the 'pegboard') and a helix.

291 Gradient climbing was effective because the arena size allowed an

292 These fish use an "inching" behavior to climb waterfalls, in which an oral sucker is cyclically

293 lind cavefish Cryptotora thamicola walks and climbs waterfalls with a salamander-like diagonal-couple

294 ta cannot resolve whether oral movements for climbing were coopted from feeding, or feeding movements

295 er lines consistently reproduced hyperactive climbing whereas strong or weak artificial depolarizatio

296 ss categories of 2-year changes in WIQ stair climbing, WIQ distance, and WIQ speed scores with subseq

297 hat a more excursive calf muscle facilitates climbing with a bipedally adapted ankle and foot by posi

298 for closely related groups helps explain how climbing with adhesive pads has evolved in animals varyi

299 eases, chronic kidney disease burden rapidly climbed, with age-standardised YLL and DALY rates increa

300 illustrate the size limits of adhesion-based climbing, with profound implications for large-scale bio