ライフサイエンスコーパス: co-trimoxazole

1 ars of follow-up (8128 [57%] person-years on co-trimoxazole).

2 (34%) of 29 isolates that were resistant to co-trimoxazole.

3 esistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole.

4 ome than patients with the mutant when given co-trimoxazole.

5 come among bacteraemic children treated with co-trimoxazole.

6 because of a low likelihood of benefit with co-trimoxazole.

7 bility to chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and co-trimoxazole.

8 ite locally reported bacterial resistance to co-trimoxazole.

9 iaquine, SP+piperaquine, SP+chloroquine, and co-trimoxazole.

10 ART in sub-Saharan Africa could discontinue co-trimoxazole.

11 ignificant effect on mortality or receipt of co-trimoxazole.

12 a with high rates of bacterial resistance to co-trimoxazole.

13 n Botswana were randomly assigned to receive co-trimoxazole (100 mg/20 mg once daily until age 6 mont

14 ciprofloxacin 25.8%, chloramphinicol 25.8%, co-trimoxazole 25.8%, and ampicillin 19.4% were resistan

15 s were randomly assigned to stop or continue co-trimoxazole (382 and 376 participants, respectively),

16 xicillin or penicillin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole; 68.3% of Gram-negative and 6.6% of Gram-

17 ourses of antibiotics, which usually include co-trimoxazole and amikacin.

18 We argue that co-trimoxazole and isoniazid should also be combined int

19 r more drugs (erythromycin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole, and tetracycline) and expressed serotype

20 n-years) in the 46 children assigned to stop co-trimoxazole at age 2 years (incidence rate ratio 0.53

21 zole in the HIV-exposed children who stopped co-trimoxazole at age 2 years, but incidence increased s

22 ficantly in HIV-exposed children who stopped co-trimoxazole at age 4 years (odds ratio 1.78, 95% CI 1

23 As co-trimoxazole (CMX) protects children and HIV-positive

24 We studied the effectiveness of co-trimoxazole compared with that of amoxycillin in pneu

25 hort of rural Ugandan HIV patients receiving co-trimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis.

26 -6 weeks; however, the risks and benefits of co-trimoxazole during infancy are unclear.

27 Co-trimoxazole (fixed-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

28 WHO recommends daily co-trimoxazole for children born to HIV-infected mothers

29 ot receiving ART before the study, and daily co-trimoxazole for prevention of opportunistic infection

30 ned to discontinue (n=46) or continue (n=45) co-trimoxazole from age 2 years to age 4 years.

31 There were 92 (23%) therapy failures in the co-trimoxazole group and 30 (15%) in the amoxycillin gro

32 orded among 57 (3%) children; 31 (2%) in the co-trimoxazole group and 32 (2%) in the placebo group (i

33 ) children were lost to follow-up (76 in the co-trimoxazole group and 77 in the placebo group), and 2

34 bservation, 122 (14%) of 887 children in the co-trimoxazole group died, compared with 135 (15%) of 89

35 ade 3-4 neutropenia was more frequent in the co-trimoxazole group than in the placebo group (8.1% vs

36 s seen in children aged 3 or 6 months in the co-trimoxazole group than in the placebo group (p=0.001

37 ital admissions between groups (12.5% in the co-trimoxazole group vs 17.4% in the placebo group, p=0.

38 s), neutropenia (grade 4, more common in the co-trimoxazole group), and anaemia (both grades equally

39 he two study groups: 30 children died in the co-trimoxazole group, compared with 34 in the placebo gr

40 Participants who stopped co-trimoxazole had higher rates of hospitalization or de

41 line antibiotics such as chloramphenicol and co-trimoxazole have significantly decreased for both org

42 stopping versus continuing daily open-label co-trimoxazole in children and adolescents in Uganda and

43 , benefits and risks, and clinical trials of co-trimoxazole in developing countries.

44 rebound in the year after discontinuation of co-trimoxazole in the HIV-exposed children who stopped c

45 Co-trimoxazole is an inexpensive, broad-spectrum antimic

46 severe, life-threatening pneumonia, however, co-trimoxazole is less likely than amoxycillin to be eff

47 Co-trimoxazole is widely used in treatment of paediatric

48 U children were randomly assigned to receive co-trimoxazole (n=1423) or placebo (n=1425).

49 tients were randomly assigned on a 2:1 basis co-trimoxazole (n=398) or amoxycillin (n=197) in standar

50 For patients initially given co-trimoxazole, nine (14%) of 66 with DHPS mutant died,

51 We compared a dose of 480 mg co-trimoxazole once a day with one of 960 mg co-trimoxaz

52 co-trimoxazole once a day with one of 960 mg co-trimoxazole once a day.

53 y reduction was not accounted for by time on co-trimoxazole or current CD4 cell count.

54 us with survival and response of patients to co-trimoxazole or other drugs.

55 were randomly assigned (1:1) to discontinue co-trimoxazole or to continue taking it up to age 2 year

56 r serious adverse events than placebo, daily co-trimoxazole, or monthly SP.

57 cute pyelonephritis, bacterial resistance to co-trimoxazole predicts treatment failure, but the clona

58 The role of co-trimoxazole preventive therapy (CPT) in reducing lead

59 Co-trimoxazole preventive therapy started before or with

60 HIV-positive participants were offered daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (800 mg trimethoprim, 160 mg

61 pants (1:1) to 6 months of either daily oral co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (given as water-dispersible t

62 Continuing co-trimoxazole prophylaxis after 96 weeks of ART was ben

63 48 HIV-infected children who took continuous co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and 100 HIV-unexposed uninfec

64 1778 eligible children to treatment (887 to co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and 891 to placebo).

65 d trials and observational studies including co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and a comparator group.

66 re additional outcomes for the comparison of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis and intermittent preventive t

67 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis can reduce mortality from unt

68 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis continuation after ART-induce

69 Daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis did not reduce mortality in c

70 HO guidelines, which now recommend long-term co-trimoxazole prophylaxis for adults and children in se

71 d provide strong motivation for provision of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis for at least 72 weeks for all

72 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis is a readily available, effec

73 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis is recommended for HIV-expose

74 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis is used to reduce morbidity a

75 We aimed to assess the efficacy of daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis on survival in children witho

76 A dose of 480 mg co-trimoxazole prophylaxis once a day did not reduce tre

77 efore antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up, co-trimoxazole prophylaxis reduced morbidity and mortali

78 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis reduced rates of death (hazar

79 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis reduces anaemia and improves

80 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis reduces early mortality by 58

81 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis reduces mortality among HIV-i

82 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis should be given with ART in p

83 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis should be provided irrespecti

84 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis started at higher than 350 ce

85 tematically reviewed three topics related to co-trimoxazole prophylaxis to update WHO guidelines: ini

86 protective efficacy and safety of prolonging co-trimoxazole prophylaxis until age 4 years in HIV-expo

87 rted on the effectiveness of continuation of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis up to age 2 years in these ch

88 nce in diarrhoeal pathogens were high (76%), co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was associated with a 46% red

89 Daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was associated with reduced m

90 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was non-inferior to IPTp with

91 Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was not routinely used or ran

92 At age 2 years, children who continued co-trimoxazole prophylaxis were randomly assigned (1:1)

93 91 HIV-exposed children who had remained on co-trimoxazole prophylaxis were randomly assigned to dis

94 ugs in pregnant women and young children, of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, and of pneumococcal vaccinat

95 admission to hospital are prevented by daily co-trimoxazole prophylaxis, despite locally reported bac

96 All participants were provided with co-trimoxazole prophylaxis.

97 Co-trimoxazole provided effective therapy in non-severe

98 Co-trimoxazole provides ongoing protection against malar

99 Pregnant women with HIV in Africa should use co-trimoxazole rather than IPTp to prevent malaria compl

100 onal group A (CGA; responsible for 38-51% of co-trimoxazole resistance in acute cystitis), including

101 More co-trimoxazole resistance in commensal Escherichia coli

102 A is broadly disseminated and contributes to co-trimoxazole resistance in pyelonephritis as well as i

103 n Staphylococcus aureus, and beta-lactam and co-trimoxazole resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae wi

104 occurred in isolates from 29 (8%) patients, co-trimoxazole resistance occurred in 239 (66%), erythro

105 therapy, and assessed the clinical impact of co-trimoxazole resistance.

106 INTERPRETATION: Prophylactic co-trimoxazole seems to offer no survival benefit among

107 are now assessing the ability of adjunctive co-trimoxazole to reduce mortality in children after sev

108 Prophylaxis with co-trimoxazole (trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole) is recom

109 45 HIV-exposed children assigned to continue co-trimoxazole until age 4 years compared with 503 episo

110 nd 9 months of age and prescribed them daily co-trimoxazole until breastfeeding cessation and HIV-sta

111 y assigned to stop (n=87) or continue (n=98) co-trimoxazole up to age 2 years.

112 ch is needed to inform dose optimisation and co-trimoxazole use in the context of expanded ART in dif

113 Time-dependent predictors of co-trimoxazole use were current CD4 cell count, haemoglo

114 V disease along with high antiretroviral and co-trimoxazole use.

115 illin (MIC, 1 microgram/ml), cefotaxime, and co-trimoxazole was common.

116 Co-trimoxazole was well tolerated with rare (<2% per per