ライフサイエンスコーパス: cobalamin

1 ethyl-amino-acetato] cobalamin, (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin).

2 taining cofactors that includes vitamin B12 (cobalamin).

3 at are linked to a decreased availability of cobalamin.

4 steine and 5'-deoxyadenosine, and to require cobalamin.

5 ich it removes cyano versus alkyl ligands in cobalamin.

6 risons suggested that the protein may bind a cobalamin.

7 achieved with a predose of 20-100 ug of cold cobalamin.

8 ionine and that methylation does not require cobalamin.

9 travenously before injection of (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin.

10 lved in the lysosome in aiding the export of cobalamin.

11 ur-coordinate cobalamin, and five-coordinate cobalamin.

12 ta and select heterotrophic bacteria produce cobalamin.

13 reduces Co(II) to Co(I) of the enzyme-bound cobalamin.

14 aquo-cobalamin (H2OCbl(+)) but not to other cobalamins.

15 oxic, environmentally benign cobalt complex, cobalamin (1) has been successfully utilised in organic

16 Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, 1) is one of a few naturally occurring organo

17 0.2 per thousand with the enzymatic cofactor cobalamin; -21.3 per thousand +/- 0.5 per thousand and -

18 between biotransformations (3.4 to 3.8) and cobalamin (3.9), but differed markedly for cobaloxime (6

19 do-butyl)-pyridin-2-yl-methyl-amino-acetato] cobalamin, (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin).

20 tent superoxide scavenger, we tested whether cobalamin, a vitamin B12 vitamer, would be neuroprotecti

21 ortance, little is known about mechanisms of cobalamin acquisition in diatoms or the impact of cobala

22 iatoms to cope with low cobalamin: increased cobalamin acquisition machinery, decreased cobalamin dem

23 One previously uncharacterized protein, cobalamin acquisition protein 1 (CBA1), was up to 160-fo

24 CBA1 is unlike characterized cobalamin acquisition proteins and is the only currently

25 ssing CBA1, directly linking this protein to cobalamin acquisition.

26 w pH and had a high binding affinity for the cobalamin analog cobinamide.

27 nosylcobalamin (AdoCbl, coenzyme B(12)) from cobalamin and ATP.

28 Cobalamin and folate status showed a statistically signi

29 ied nitroreductase scaffold tailored to bind cobalamin and glutathione, CblC exhibits versatility in

30 ectives were to explore the concentration of cobalamin and haptocorrin in foremilk and hindmilk durin

31 and hindmilk contained comparable amounts of cobalamin and haptocorrin, but marked changes were obser

32 , and 9 mo postpartum for the measurement of cobalamin and haptocorrin.

33 stal McMurdo Sound, we observed simultaneous cobalamin and iron limitation of surface water phytoplan

34 from SAM; however, the enzyme also requires cobalamin and iron-sulfur cluster cofactors for turnover

35 n of >/=2 test result abnormalities, such as cobalamin and MMA, the most reliable approach to diagnos

36 Cobalamin and other corrinoids are essential cofactors f

37 evidence for a dynamic interface between the cobalamin and PLP-binding domains.

38 Here we show that cobalamin and pseudocobalamin coexist in the surface oce

39 st was significantly reduced by intravitreal cobalamin and resulted in increased RGC survival.

40 ), as well as several commercially available cobalamins and cobinamide.

41 of CobA in complex with ATP, four-coordinate cobalamin, and five-coordinate cobalamin.

42 s article, diagnosis and management of iron, cobalamin, and folate deficiencies, the most frequent ca

43 teine reduction by high doses of folic acid, cobalamin, and pyridoxine may reduce progression of stru

44 ter injection of 300-500 MBq of (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin, and whole-body scintigrams were obtained at 1

45 rocessing, transport, and medical aspects of cobalamins; and the growing roles of heme sensor protein

46 Cobalamins are important biological cofactors involved i

47 Cobalamins are of widespread importance in biology.

48 Derivatives of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) are essential cofactors for enzymes required

49 (the lower ligand of cobalamin), to produce cobalamin as a cofactor for dechlorination.

50 mmonly used benzimidazolyl cobamides such as cobalamin, as the lower axial ligand is a phenolic group

51 ate that the Pdu MCP encapsulates a complete cobalamin assimilation system.

52 A decrease in milk cobalamin at 4 mo was associated with decreases in plasm

53 s of this for the widespread distribution of cobalamin auxotrophy in the algal kingdom.

54 , was up to 160-fold more abundant under low cobalamin availability in both diatoms.

55 avin B(2), pyridoxine B(6), biotin B(7), and cobalamin B(12)) were unavailable.

56 tetrapyrroles haem, bacteriochlorophyll and cobalamin (B12 ) exhibit a complex interrelationship reg

57 e dehalogenases form a distinct subfamily of cobalamin (B12)-dependent enzymes that are usually membr

58 licates Thaumarchaeota as major producers of cobalamin based on genomic potential, cobalamin cell quo

59 tive roles played by abundant prokaryotes in cobalamin-based microbial interdependencies that sustain

60 cks the Asp-X-His-X-X-Gly motif seen in some cobalamin binding enzymes.

61 High cobalamin-binding capacity was found in trout stomach (2

62 These classes share a common cobalamin-binding core, but use distinct peripheral exte

63 esigned to perturb the interface between the cobalamin-binding domain and the PLP-binding TIM barrel

64 at a large scale domain reorientation of the cobalamin-binding domain is linked to radical catalysis.

65 29)-PLP covalent bond, dynamic motion of the cobalamin-binding domain leads to conformational samplin

66 uncovered key architectural features in the cobalamin-binding pocket that support unusual cob(II)ala

67 op module and a subset of nucleotides in the cobalamin-binding pocket.

68 lamin is hampered by the high content of the cobalamin-binding protein haptocorrin, and limited data

69 The trout cobalamin-binding protein was glycosylated and displayed

70 In conclusion, only one soluble cobalamin-binding protein was identified in the rainbow

71 ke haptocorrin and transcobalamin, the trout cobalamin-binding protein was present in plasma and reco

72 Like intrinsic factors, the trout cobalamin-binding protein was present in the stomach and

73 The trout cobalamin-binding protein was purified from roe fluid, s

74 Like haptocorrin, the trout cobalamin-binding protein was stable at low pH and had a

75 The nature of cobalamin-binding proteins in lower vertebrates remains

76 he aim of this study was to characterize the cobalamin-binding proteins of the rainbow trout (Oncorhy

77 like an intermediate between the three human cobalamin-binding proteins.

78 eir properties with those of the three human cobalamin-binding proteins.

79 d transport in mammals are mediated by three cobalamin-binding proteins: haptocorrin, intrinsic facto

80 osition of conserved residues in the primary cobalamin-binding site in the C terminus.

81 Approximately 20-25% of circulating cobalamin binds to transcobalamin 2 (TCN2), which is ref

82 resents a new model in both organohalide and cobalamin (bio)chemistry that will guide future exploita

83 athway enzymes, we complete the tool set for cobalamin biosynthesis and pave the way for not only enh

84 lso contributed significantly to metagenomic cobalamin biosynthesis gene abundance throughout Souther

85 The major contributor to cobalamin biosynthesis gene expression was a gammaproteo

86 ing the connection between the occurrence of cobalamin biosynthesis genes and production of the compo

87 On the basis of genomic analyses, cobalamin biosynthesis in marine systems has been inferr

88 rometry-based proteomics, indicate increased cobalamin biosynthesis, (de)methylation, and glycine cle

89 c pathways including amino acid, purine, and cobalamin biosynthesis.

90 st feed-forward gene regulatory topology for cobalamin biosynthesis.

91 propanediol and ethanolamine catabolism and cobalamin biosynthesis.

92 deoxyribonucleases, nickel/cobalt uptake and cobalamin biosynthesis.

93 es for host glycan metabolism as well as for cobalamin biosynthesis.

94 , a situation that necessitates retention of cobalamin biosynthetic capabilities to make the essentia

95 However, by studying the anaerobic cobalamin biosynthetic pathway in Bacillus megaterium an

96 ntial reduction of the precorrin ring in the cobalamin biosynthetic pathway.

97 es that many Cyanobacteria do not synthesize cobalamin but rather produce pseudocobalamin, challengin

98 Deglutathionylation of glutathionyl-cobalamin by a second molecule of GSH yields GSSG.

99 CZS and compare these changes with those of cobalamin C (cblC) deficiency, a disease with potential

100 ycerol kinase epsilon (DGKepsilon) activity, cobalamin C deficiency, or plasminogen deficiency.

101 CblC converts the cobalamin cargo arriving from the lysosome to a common c

102 This tutorial review concisely describes cobalamin-catalysed organic reactions that hold promise

103 and zerovalent iron (Fe(0), ZVI), and (iii) cobalamin-catalyzed biomimetic transformation.

104 (TCblR/CD320) for transcobalamin (TC)-bound cobalamin (Cbl) facilitates the cellular uptake of Cbl.

105 Cellular uptake of cobalamin (Cbl) is mediated by the transcobalamin recept

106 mbrane impermeable by covalent attachment to cobalamin (Cbl) through a photocleavable linker.

107 yle choices may affect placental transfer of cobalamin (Cbl) to the fetus.

108 Vitamin B12 (cobalamin (Cbl)), in the cofactor forms methyl-Cbl and a

109 s the high-affinity binding and transport of cobalamin (CBL), or vitamin B12, across the asymmetric o

110 The existence of cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent enzymes that are members of th

111 Many cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent radical S-adenosyl-l-methionin

112 chemical analysis of the encoded proteins, a cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)

113 QueG is a cobalamin (Cbl)-dependent, [4Fe-4S] cluster-containing p

114 nscobalamin (TC) saturated with vitamin B12 [cobalamin (Cbl)] and mediates cellular uptake of the vit

115 Cobalamin (Cbl; vitamin B12) is an essential micronutrie

116 Conversion of vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) into the cofactor forms methyl-Cbl (MeCb

117 ers of cobalamin based on genomic potential, cobalamin cell quotas, and abundance.

118 ere recently designed as metabolically inert cobalamins, classified as "antivitamins B12".

119 presence of EA as the sole carbon source and cobalamin (CoB12), an essential cofactor in the enzymati

120 , show that a direct interaction between the cobalamin cobalt and the substrate halogen underpins cat

121 The enzyme contains 1 equiv of its cobalamin cofactor in its as-isolated state and can be r

122 proper intracellular targeting of ABCD4 and cobalamin cofactor synthesis.

123 ition to a [4Fe-4S] cluster, TsrM contains a cobalamin cofactor that serves as an intermediate methyl

124 Class B methylases require a cobalamin cofactor to methylate both sp(2)-hybridized an

125 The cobalamin cofactor, which serves as both acceptor and do

126 r results, we suggest that the large size of cobalamin compared to other TonB-dependent transporter s

127 Each 2-fold increment in plasma cobalamin concentration was associated with a significan

128 n status were excluded, ie, in those who had cobalamin concentrations below the 25th percentile.

129 itive associations in paired maternal-infant cobalamin concentrations were found at all time points.

130 ncentrations, macrocytosis, and normal serum cobalamin concentrations; only one subject was anemic.

131 compete with phytoplankton and are important cobalamin consumers.

132 echanism for how the essential tetrapyrrole, cobalamin controls the synthesis of bacteriochlorophyll,

133 Even in the presence of cobalamin, Cyanobacteria synthesize pseudocobalamin-like

134 es in epidemiologic surveys have subclinical cobalamin deficiency (SCCD), not classical clinical defi

135 consequences, and management of subclinical cobalamin deficiency (SCCD), which affects many elderly

136 mes more common in the elderly than clinical cobalamin deficiency but also differs from it in arising

137 nborn errors of metabolism and indicators of cobalamin deficiency in older persons.

138 The importance of treating cobalamin deficiency in pregnancy is considered.

139 y and bariatric surgery rates, prevalence of cobalamin deficiency in pregnancy is rising.

140 Cobalamin deficiency is relatively common, but the great

141 re of this knockout and the lack of systemic cobalamin deficiency point to other mechanisms for cellu

142 y years before the establishment of clinical cobalamin deficiency.

143 plasma MMA values have been used to diagnose cobalamin deficiency.

144 Vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) deficiency may produce severe neurologic and

145 d cobalamin acquisition machinery, decreased cobalamin demand, and management of reduced methionine s

146 nic acid metabolism through the vitamin B12 (cobalamin)-dependent enzyme methylmalonyl CoA mutase.

147 eguminosarum to invoke the activities of two cobalamin-dependent C-methyltransferases.

148 Cobalamin-dependent enzymes enhance the rate of C-Co bon

149 case of the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and cobalamin-dependent enzymes lysine 5,6-aminomutase and o

150 establishes the common features of Class III cobalamin-dependent enzymes, and reveals an unexpected d

151 ection, and reactivation of 5'-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin-dependent methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM).

152 Existing evidence points to three putative cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosylmethionine (RS) en

153 yl group proposed to be formed using CysS, a cobalamin-dependent radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) m

154 In countless RiPP biosynthetic pathways, cobalamin-dependent radical SAM (B12/rSAM) enzymes play

155 is is the first in vitro reconstitution of a cobalamin-dependent radical SAM enzyme catalyzing the co

156 ible, QueG, shares distant homology with the cobalamin-dependent reductive dehalogenase (RdhA), howev

157 We show that ThnK of the three apparent cobalamin-dependent RS enzymes performs sequential methy

158 cobalt bond chemistry catalysed by the other cobalamin-dependent subfamilies, we propose that reducti

159 be explained by Hodgkinia's retention of the cobalamin-dependent version of methionine synthase inste

160 However, severe cobalamin depletion in the central nervous system (CNS)

161 expression patterns consistent with iron and cobalamin deprivation.

162 patterns indicative of co-occurring iron and cobalamin deprivation.

163 ng practice, we have developed a new (99m)Tc-cobalamin derivative ((99m)Tc(CO)3-[(4-amido-butyl)-pyri

164 logies for the synthesis and analysis of new cobalamin derivatives as well as creative purification t

165 ing cobalamin production, but also design of cobalamin derivatives through their combinatorial use an

166 patient mutations associated with inherited cobalamin disorders that manifest in both severe homocys

167 paired in the cblC group of inborn errors of cobalamin disorders.

168 product radical and Co(II) does not restrict cobalamin domain motion.

169 luoride occurred in incubations with reduced cobalamins (e.g., vitamin B12) indicating that biomolecu

170 ignificant difference was observed regarding cobalamin, folate, and red blood cell folate.

171 requires an external supply of vitamin B12 (cobalamin) for growth, which it can obtain in stable lab

172 ae can remodel pseudocobalamin to the active cobalamin form, adding complexity to our assessment of a

173 Fasting plasma folate, cobalamin, free choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and t

174 and for salvaging incomplete precursors and cobalamin from the environment.

175 milk may not be sufficient for the supply of cobalamin from this age.

176 the cap domain, which protects vitamin B12 (cobalamin) from oxidation.

177 n infants with biochemical signs of impaired cobalamin function and developmental delay or feeding di

178 n infants with biochemical signs of impaired cobalamin function, 1 intramuscular injection of cobalam

179 Infants with biochemical signs of impaired cobalamin function, defined as a plasma tHcy concentrati

180 increase in the AIMS score was higher in the cobalamin group than in the placebo group [7.0 (5.0, 9.0

181 copy confirmed binding (Kd = 34 mum) to aquo-cobalamin (H2OCbl(+)) but not to other cobalamins.

182 the same time points for the measurement of cobalamin, holotranscobalamin, total transcobalamin, tot

183 0 gene was generated to study the effects on cobalamin homeostasis.

184 we report for the first time on (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin imaging in patients with metastatic cancer dis

185 gated cancer-specific uptake of (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin in 10 patients with various metastatic tumors.

186 pectroscopic studies suggest that TsrM binds cobalamin in an uncharacteristic five-coordinate base-of

187 eria has been shown, with bacteria supplying cobalamin in exchange for fixed carbon.

188 Median (range) concentrations of cobalamin in hindmilk were 760 (210-1880), 290 (140-690)

189 alogenase (RdhA), however the role played by cobalamin in QueG catalysis has remained elusive.

190 into the organization of GSH and a base-off cobalamin in the active site of this enzyme.

191 This indicates that cobalamin in the surface ocean is a result of de novo sy

192 f preference for the two biological forms of cobalamin in vitro using isothermal titration calorimetr

193 Predosing with cobalamin increased the tumor uptake and improved blood-

194 strategies used by diatoms to cope with low cobalamin: increased cobalamin acquisition machinery, de

195 Cobalamin-independent methionine synthase (MetE) catalyz

196 The cobalamin-independent methionine synthase enzyme catalyz

197 The cobalamin-independent methionine synthase from Candida a

198 ersion of methionine synthase instead of the cobalamin-independent version found in Baumannia, a situ

199 ts thiol oxidase activity via a glutathionyl-cobalamin intermediate.

200 of sodium cyanide, to transform all forms of cobalamin into cyanocobalamin.

201 ellular pathway supports the assimilation of cobalamin into its active cofactor forms and delivery to

202 step is critical for assimilation of dietary cobalamin into the active cofactor forms that support th

203 ts 3-10 received between 20 and 1,000 mug of cobalamin intravenously before injection of (99m)Tc-PAMA

204 CBA1 in environmental samples suggests that cobalamin is an important nutritional factor for phytopl

205 Measurement of milk cobalamin is hampered by the high content of the cobalam

206 Cobalamin is produced only by bacteria and archaea, sugg

207 The reactivity of the cobalt-carbon bond in cobalamins is the key to their chemical versatility, sup

208 In mammals, B12 (or cobalamin) is an essential cofactor required by methioni

209 Targeting cancer cells with vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is hampered by unwanted physiologic tissue up

210 Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) is required by humans and other organisms for

211 HbpS.Cobalamin lacks the Asp-X-His-X-X-Gly motif seen in some

212 gators view cobalamin testing as unreliable, cobalamin, like all diagnostic biomarkers, performs sati

213 In older persons, food-bound cobalamin malabsorption becomes the predominant cause of

214 Low maternal cobalamin may be associated with fetal growth retardatio

215 These data demonstrate that cobalamin may function as an endogenous neuroprotectant

216 11 play important roles in the regulation of cobalamin metabolism as well as other pathways involved

217 in the genes LMBRD1 and ABCD4 result in the cobalamin metabolism disorders cblF and cblJ.

218 Defects in cobalamin metabolism lead to disorders characterized by

219 HCFC1 regulates cobalamin metabolism via the regulation of MMACHC expres

220 The most common inborn error of cobalamin metabolism, combined methylmalonic acidemia an

221 At 4 mo, low concentrations of milk cobalamin mirrored biochemical changes in infants, which

222 The cobalamin or B12 cofactor supports sulfur and one-carbon

223 the elimination of the upper axial ligand in cobalamin or B12 derivatives entering the cell from circ

224 actions of inorganic Hg (Hg(II)) with methyl cobalamin or of dissolved monomethylmercury (CH3Hg) with

225 4 mo was associated with decreases in plasma cobalamin (P , 0.0001) and holotranscobalamin (P , 0.000

226 obalamin status [by the measurement of serum cobalamin, plasma total homocysteine (tHcy), and plasma

227 is involved in an early step in cytoplasmic cobalamin processing following entry of the cofactor int

228 esis and pave the way for not only enhancing cobalamin production, but also design of cobalamin deriv

229 re dependent on phytoplankton growth to fuel cobalamin production.

230 differences at the alpha- and beta-faces of cobalamin promote the thiol oxidase activity of ceCblC b

231 roceeded through nucleophilic reactions with cobalamin rather than by an electron transfer mechanism.

232 of the potential energy surfaces controlling cobalamin reactivity and deactivation.

233 In this work, the His6-tagged PduS cobalamin reductase from S. enterica was produced at hig

234 characterize PduS, an unusual MCP-associated cobalamin reductase, and, in conjunction with prior resu

235 f Salmonella on 1,2-PD, supporting a role in cobalamin reduction in vivo.

236 obalamin resulted in biochemical evidence of cobalamin repletion and improvement in motor function an

237 ) indicate that transformation with isolated cobalamin resembles in vivo transformation and (iii) sug

238 lamin function, 1 intramuscular injection of cobalamin resulted in biochemical evidence of cobalamin

239 by which tertiary structural interactions in cobalamin riboswitches dictate ligand selectivity.

240 based mutagenic approach to demonstrate that cobalamin riboswitches have a broad spectrum of preferen

241 We show that a composite cobalamin-RNA scaffold stabilizes an unusual long-range

242 dy of CBA1 and other molecular signatures of cobalamin scarcity identified here will yield insight in

243 amin acquisition in diatoms or the impact of cobalamin scarcity on diatom molecular physiology.

244 We found that cobalamin scavenged superoxide in neuronal cells in vitr

245 min utilization and facilitate monitoring of cobalamin starvation in oceanic diatom communities.

246 plementation changed all markers of impaired cobalamin status (ie, plasma tHcy decreased by 54%, and

247 ed psychomotor development were assessed for cobalamin status [by the measurement of serum cobalamin,

248 anges in infants, which suggests an impaired cobalamin status and indicates that nutrition from only

249 ssociation between biomarkers for folate and cobalamin status and psychomotor or mental development s

250 ng trustworthy measures of milk cobalamin to cobalamin status in healthy mothers and their children.

251 gurgitations, which suggest that an adequate cobalamin status is important for a rapidly developing n

252 e these results to biomarkers of an impaired cobalamin status of mother and child.

253 nt index scores only when children with poor cobalamin status were excluded, ie, in those who had cob

254 a biochemical profile indicative of impaired cobalamin status.

255 to discuss the measurement of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status biomarkers in NHANES took place in Jul

256 Poor vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status is widespread in South Asia.

257 ies frequently have inadequate vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status.

258 Finally, exogenously supplied cobalamin stimulates the activity.

259 We investigated whether cobalamin supplementation can improve development or sym

260 During follow-up, cobalamin supplementation changed all markers of impaire

261 deficiencies in these nutrients, folate and cobalamin supplementation trials are required to measure

262 ination chemistry accessible to ceCblC-bound cobalamin supports its thiol oxidase activity via a glut

263 Although many investigators view cobalamin testing as unreliable, cobalamin, like all dia

264 Cobalamin, the form bioavailable to humans, has as its l

265 Because only prokaryotes can synthesize the cobalamin, they must be the ultimate source of the vitam

266 ilable relating trustworthy measures of milk cobalamin to cobalamin status in healthy mothers and the

267 l orders of magnitude less bioavailable than cobalamin to several B12-dependent microalgae representi

268 thylbenzimidazole (DMB) (the lower ligand of cobalamin), to produce cobalamin as a cofactor for dechl

269 idazole, the lower nucleotide ligand base of cobalamin, to generate a transient four-coordinate cobal

270 s assessed in infancy with the use of plasma cobalamin, total homocysteine (tHcy), and methylmalonic

271 ociation of plasma concentrations of folate, cobalamin, total homocysteine, and methylmalonic acid wi

272 lD to CblC, believed to be contiguous in the cobalamin trafficking pathway, suggests the co-option of

273 or CblC, and for supporting the cytoplasmic cobalamin trafficking pathway.

274 is a key chaperone involved in intracellular cobalamin trafficking, and mutations in CblD cause methy

275 CblC, a multifunctional enzyme important for cobalamin trafficking, and the activation domain of meth

276 Herein, we review the biochemistry of cobalamin trafficking.

277 reduced to achieve specific labeling of the cobalamin transporter BtuB in Escherichia coli.

278 The cobalamin transporter BtuB requires the additional bindi

279 The cobalamin transporter BtuB was overexpressed and spin-la

280 utes the first in vivo proof of principle of cobalamin treatment in mut-type MMAuria.

281 Cobalamin uptake and transport in mammals are mediated b

282 Cobalamin uptake rates were elevated in strains overexpr

283 fied algal protein known to be implicated in cobalamin uptake.

284 in distances were measured to a spin-labeled cobalamin using pulse EPR spectroscopy.

285 ere will yield insight into the evolution of cobalamin utilization and facilitate monitoring of cobal

286 evidence that diatom growth is influenced by cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) availability.

287 he anaerobic pathway for the biosynthesis of cobalamin (vitamin B(12)) has remained poorly characteri

288 ystal structures of two different classes of cobalamin (vitamin B(12))-binding riboswitches that incl

289 and middle-income countries have inadequate cobalamin (vitamin B-12) status.

290 cessive disorder characterized by defects in cobalamin (vitamin B12) metabolism and other development

291 Escherichia coli outer membrane proteins-the cobalamin (vitamin B12) receptor (BtuB) and the OmpF por

292 hin all domains of life require the cofactor cobalamin (vitamin B12), which is produced only by a sub

293 Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) was recently shown to be a superoxide scaveng

294 e]Cba and the increase of biomass-associated cobalamin were correlated with the growth of D. mccartyi

295 min B-12 status with the exception of plasma cobalamin were significantly associated with the total A

296 und that p-cresolylcobamide ([p-Cre]Cba) and cobalamin were the most abundant corrinoids in the commu

297 Many algae are auxotrophs for vitamin B(12) (cobalamin), which they need as a cofactor for B(12) -dep

298 min, to generate a transient four-coordinate cobalamin, which is critical in the formation of the Ado

299 showed positive tumor uptake on (99m)Tc-PAMA-cobalamin whole-body scintigraphy.

300 gh shape complementarity between the RNA and cobalamin, with relatively few hydrogen bonding interact