ライフサイエンスコーパス: combustion

1 nt, via emissions resulting from fossil fuel combustion.

2 source, even in the absence of leaded petrol combustion.

3 ir potential burning efficiency for enhanced combustion.

4 the atmosphere exceed those from fossil fuel combustion.

5 s the conditions leading to nearly soot-free combustion.

6 ration of decomposers and detritivores or by combustion.

7 glyceride stores to generate fatty acids for combustion.

8 y consider sources from biogenic and biomass combustion.

9 ionuclides and particulates from fossil fuel combustion.

10 hat have been used in consumer goods to slow combustion.

11 cate important contribution from fossil fuel combustion.

12 e typically observed in the flaming phase of combustion.

13 d beta-oxidation, which results in low lipid combustion.

14 alysts in practical applications for organic combustion.

15 ormance compared with that of direct biomass combustion.

16 ochemically processed emissions from biomass combustion.

17 ades it by natural convection and drives the combustion.

18 vehicles, meat cooking, and high-sulfur fuel combustion.

19 nt for Zn isotopic fractionation during coal combustion.

20 imarily from residential and industrial wood combustion.

21 absorption of the CO2 emission from biomass combustion.

22 rather than CO2 as the product of catalytic combustion.

23 dous air pollutants formed during incomplete combustion.

24 with maximal net gain of power from methane combustion (0.198 kWh) and incineration of residual bios

25 ating season, and the contribution from wood combustion (16%) was higher than the contribution from e

26 terial (1-17%), shipping/oil (1-6%), biomass combustion (4-13%) and vegetative debris (1-3%).

27 nsequently canopy openness (+10%), fine fuel combustion (+5%), and mortality of individuals >/=5 cm i

28 In the NCP region, coal combustion accounted for 66% (46-74%, 95% C.I.) of the E

29 at this fossil source is primarily from coal combustion activities in winter, especially from the res

30 Our finding that combustion aerosols are a large source of DOC to the gla

31 functional groups of two different types of combustion aerosols, a conventional diesel (EN 590) and

32 rystalline cellulose (100-500 mg), used as a combustion aid, was mixed with sample and water or NH4OH

33 plication at cement plants, partial oxy-fuel combustion, amine scrubbing, and calcium looping are the

34 s can be approximately 1 for flaming biomass combustion and >1 for older vehicles that operate with p

35 Thus, rising Hg emissions from coal combustion and artisanal and small-scale gold mining (AS

36 highlights, at the molecular level spanning combustion and astrochemistry, the importance of the HAC

37 essure-dependent reactions are ubiquitous in combustion and atmospheric chemistry.

38 nd O3-related health burden from residential combustion and electricity generating unit emissions in

39 o possible new pathways for reduced-emission combustion and fuel-spill cleanup.

40 Coal fly ash (CFA) is a byproduct of coal combustion and is a source of anthropogenic PM with worl

41 ions from eight states with significant coal combustion and large downwind populations.

42 stic for gaseous emissions from smelting and combustion and large enrichments of Zn and Cd suggest co

43 position between cities, but PM2.5 from coal combustion and metal sources varied across cities.

44 a third molecule in the gas-phase systems of combustion and planetary atmospheres.

45 exes are probably of significance in various combustion and planetary environments.

46 key incineration parameters within both the combustion and postcombustion zones.

47 ine real-time detection of molecular ions of combustion and pyrolysis products.

48 meter) emissions from commercial/residential combustion and smaller reductions in nonroad emissions.

49 pollutants from sources such as fossil fuel combustion and the leakage of refrigerants.

50 emissions estimates suggests that both coal combustion and the smelting of lead, zinc, copper, and t

51 ope variations within the products from coal combustion and thermo-desorption experiments with local

52 ed by downstream sample preparation (drying, combustion, and graphitization), which accounted for ess

53 lycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during combustion, and led to increased PAH emissions.

54 ions and improved control of in-cylinder CH4 combustion are required to reduce total GHG emissions of

55 (SCPs), byproducts of industrial fossil-fuel combustion, are proposed as a primary marker for a GSSP

56 ions in idle conditions due to less complete combustion (associated with less oxidized gas-phase mole

57 Efficient combustion at higher engine loads coupled to the removal

58 It was found that in an oxy-combustion atmosphere (mostly CO2), the re-emission of H

59 s obtained from two limestones, under an oxy-combustion atmosphere.

60 radicals that form on particulate matter and combustion borne particulates, such as fly ash.

61 used only as a source of energy by means of combustion, but could also serve as an abundant hydrocar

62 de particles in the additive was lost during combustion, but in roughly 30% of the observed particles

63 control emissions of toxic and carcinogenic combustion by-products, which also greatly affect global

64 ) isotope compositions of feed materials and combustion byproducts were investigated in three differe

65 stimate that the aqSOA from residential wood combustion can account for up to 0.1-0.5 Tg of organic a

66 ids, are the most mature technology for post-combustion capture of carbon dioxide because liquid circ

67 Amine scrubbing, a mature post-combustion carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology,

68 hat have been studied in the context of post-combustion carbon capture, adsorption equilibria of gas

69 near-full density ceramic structure with the combustion chamber and various internal channels was fab

70 nation states, are key compounds relevant to combustion chemistry and astrochemistry.

71 ene, which is a prototypical reaction in the combustion chemistry of aromatic hydrocarbons present in

72 which is fundamental to both atmospheric and combustion chemistry, are complex because of the formati

73 try (PI-TOF-MS) is an important technique in combustion chemistry, complementing lab-scale electron i

74 sable Cu-doped NiOX (Cu:NiOx ), prepared via combustion chemistry, is demonstrated as an excellent ho

75 sent a lower risk to health than traditional combustion cigarettes, but they are not innocuous.

76 in clean energy technologies, i.e., oxyfuel combustion, clean coal energy delivery, and catalytic me

77 The combustion conditions included nominal and high burn rat

78 similar magnitude at 520 nm for the diverse combustion conditions investigated in this study.

79 h as the interstellar medium (ISM), and some combustion conditions remains incompletely understood.

80 hly complex molecular compositions, nonideal combustion conditions, and sample preparation steps.

81 he aim was to identify relationships between combustion conditions, particle characteristics, and opt

82 carbon) emission characteristics to specific combustion conditions.

83 Soot produced during incomplete combustion consists mainly of carbonaceous nanoparticles

84 provides direct evidence that intensive coal combustion could contribute to increased light-absorptiv

85 linder evolution of soot properties over the combustion cycle and as a function of exhaust gas recirc

86 Human exposure to combustion-derived or engineered nanoparticles is of inc

87 These correspond to fuel combustion-derived POA and motor oil POA, respectively.

88 s for measuring the contribution and fate of combustion-derived water vapor in the atmosphere are lac

89 They arise as combustion-derived, iron-rich particles, often associate

90 duce emissions from both wanted and unwanted combustion, discovery of this state points to possible n

91 populations and significant residential wood combustion dominate RC health impacts.

92 ltiple pollutant emission characteristics of combustion dominated source sectors creates largely simi

93 for use in the animal feed market were pulse combustion drying, oven and microwave.

94 Incomplete combustion during flaring can lead to production of blac

95 High temperature combustion during the intermediate (flaming) phase was d

96 Acrolein is formed during combustion (e.g., burning tobacco or biomass), during hi

97 the YRD and PRD regions, liquid fossil fuel combustion (e.g., traffic) stood for 46% (18-66%) and 58

98 Observed median combustion efficiencies for methane and ethane are close

99 are found to be sensitive to differences in combustion efficiencies rather than fuel types, reflecti

100 tove (FDGS), in order of increasing modified combustion efficiency (MCE) and decreasing particulate m

101 ere found to depend strongly on the modified combustion efficiency (MCE), an index of the combustion

102 cookstove emissions are a strong function of combustion efficiency and atmospheric aging.

103 mission factors for BC, methane, ethane, and combustion efficiency for methane and ethane.

104 ly times), an extended lean limit, increased combustion efficiency, and decreased laser energy requir

105 We find that the combustion efficiency, rather than the fuel used, determ

106 ways of char and soot, which are governed by combustion efficiency.

107 Residential wood combustion emissions are one of the major global sources

108 ct of method selection, we calculate the CO2 combustion emissions factors associated with electric-ve

109 etailed inventory of Diffuse and Inefficient Combustion Emissions in Africa (DICE-Africa) for 2006 an

110 Occupational exposures to combustion emissions were examined in Ottawa Fire Servic

111 ths in China are attributable to residential combustion emissions, approximately a third of the death

112 ted with significantly elevated exposures to combustion emissions.

113 factors, and compared them to those of other combustion emissions.

114 Concerted internal combustion engine improvements result in a 48 +/- 10% re

115 comparison, a basic, but complete, internal combustion engine system costs approximately US$3,000).

116 ics-based model of MIF and FRVs for internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) to electrified vehicl

117 use gasoline more efficiently than internal combustion engine vehicles and do not require large plug

118 s, fuel savings from lightweighting internal combustion engine vehicles can be higher than those of h

119 Internal combustion engines (ignited or compression) require only

120 nificantly in order to compete with internal combustion engines and allow for widespread implementati

121 To improve fuel efficiency, advanced combustion engines are being designed to minimize the am

122 2 +/- 10% reduction) than concerted internal combustion engines improvements.

123 iginating from the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.

124 cile formation of naphthalene in a simulated combustion environment validating the previously postula

125 To mimic the real combustion environment, mixtures of pure eskolaite (Cr(3

126 behavior and reactivity in interstellar and combustion environments.

127 Long-term PM2.5 exposures from fossil fuel combustion, especially coal burning but also from diesel

128 rboxylic acids are produced in diesel engine combustion, especially during low temperature combustion

129 Fossil fuel combustion, eutrophication, and upwelling introduce exce

130 previously reported from pine and fir forest combustion events.

131 er industrial conditions because moisture in combustion exhaust streams blocks oxidation sites, decre

132 ay be achieved via reductions of fossil fuel combustion exposures, especially from coal-burning sourc

133 ng anaerobic digester (AD) and solid biomass combustion facilities, and alternatives that allow for n

134 odization mud and a mixture of fluidized bed combustion (FBC) fly and bottom ashes.

135 no-1H-tetrazole or hexamine to deoxidize the combustion flame of a Mg/Sr(NO3 )2 /Epon-binder composit

136 The reclamation of REEs from coal combustion fly ash has been proposed as a way to supplem

137 Household air pollution due to biomass combustion for residential heating adversely affects vul

138 ansportation, and residential and commercial combustion from Central and Eastern Europe were found to

139 This suggests incomplete combustion from flares contributes almost 1/5 of the tot

140 pill released numerous pollutants, including combustion-generated particulate matter (PM).

141 d development of agriculture and fossil fuel combustion greatly increased US reactive nitrogen emissi

142 Off-road diesel fuel combustion has previously been suggested to be an import

143 er, industry, traffic, and household biomass combustion have become major sources of air pollutant em

144 close to biomass pellets during atmospheric combustion in a laboratory reactor.

145 ted from crop residue, wood, and solid waste combustion in a residential stove were analyzed using tr

146 conventional and abundant tracers of biomass combustion in aerosol particles include potassium and bi

147 lly affected ( approximately 30%) by biomass combustion in all three regions, whereas the sources of

148 We measured ignitability and heat of combustion in analogue Cretaceous understorey fuels (con

149 Wild grass combustion in flaming phase released some Cl-rich-OM/soo

150 for differentiating smoldering from flaming combustion in paleo-wildfire reconstructions.

151 ed to quantify the concentration of water of combustion in the atmospheric boundary layer over Salt L

152 Stationary combustion, in particular in coal-fired power plants, is

153 The identified types of biomass combustion include paddy- and wheat-residue burning, lea

154 emperature, wind, or topography can generate combustion instabilities, or trigger self-stabilizing fe

155 d meso porous adsorbents in chemical looping combustion involving insitu CO2 capture at high temperat

156 Total organofluorine combustion-ion chromatography (TOF-CIC) revealed that fl

157 Solution combustion is an exciting phenomenon, which involves pro

158 Coal combustion is an important source to BrC in regions such

159 ng a liquid fuel in which carbon released on combustion is balanced by its photosynthetic capture.

160 of measurements demonstrating that water of combustion is characterized by a distinctive combination

161 cles (PM2.5) in residential areas where wood combustion is common for recreational purposes and secon

162 resonance (MR) imaging system due to blanket combustion is discussed.

163 Coal combustion is found to be the primary source of HMs emis

164 fur dioxide (SO2) emitted during fossil fuel combustion, is a major precursor of new airborne particl

165 in biological samples by gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry analysis (GC-

166 phy-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry for deuterium

167 lic profiling by stable isotope labeling and combustion isotope-ratio mass spectrometry for precise q

168 s fuels due to low energy densities and slow combustion kinetics.

169 r, methane (CH4) emissions due to incomplete combustion lead to CO2e emissions that are 50-127% highe

170 organic molecules, either by respiration or combustion, leads to the recombination of the stored hyd

171 -naphthyl radicals in excess acetylene under combustion-like conditions with the help of photoionizat

172 y that water vapor emissions associated with combustion may be a significant component of the water b

173 Moreover, modified combustion (MCE), heat transfer (HTE) and overall therma

174 The oxy-combustion mechanisms available in the literature can be

175 ernels were analysed by HSI and by the Dumas combustion method for total protein content.

176 was developed by combining microwave-induced combustion (MIC) and inductively coupled plasma mass spe

177 I) was evaluated combining microwave-induced combustion (MIC) digestion with inductively coupled plas

178 In recent years, microwave-induced combustion (MIC) has proved to be a robust sample prepar

179 ranging from 50 to 92%) by microwave-induced combustion (MIC) is proposed for the first time for furt

180 ombustion, especially during low temperature combustion modes that emit significant concentrations of

181 CO2 obtained from different sources, namely, combustion; Northern Continental and Southern Oceanic Ai

182 Complete combustion of a part of methane followed by bi-reforming

183 cle, most likely generated by the incomplete combustion of accumulated soot in the GPF during regener

184 emissions morphology and structure from the combustion of alternative fuels (including alcohol-diese

185 w exhaust temperatures was improved from the combustion of alternative fuels due to the reduced level

186 yrogenic carbon (PyC) arises from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, forming a contin

187 coal power plant technology and the cofired combustion of biomass promise direct greenhouse gas (GHG

188 Powered by the combustion of butane and oxygen, this robot is able to p

189 Cerium oxide released as a result of the combustion of diesel fuel containing the additive Enviro

190 mates are limited only to GHG emissions from combustion of diesel fuel to supply energy only for rota

191 The combustion of foam boxes, rubber tires, and plastic bott

192 ores (130 x 10(9) g V/y) and extraction and combustion of fossil fuels (600 x 10(9) g V/y), humans a

193 onaceous particles (both BC and BrC from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass) are responsible

194 C), a recalcitrant product of the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels and biomass.

195 ncentration resulting from over a century of combustion of fossil fuels has been associated with sign

196 lux probably derives from emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels, but the magnitude of this fl

197 ld's energy requirements are supplied by the combustion of fossil fuels, which promotes global warmin

198 nd other oxygenated hydrocarbons, during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels.

199 Combustion of liquid fossil fuels and biomass represente

200 ortance of considering the methane slip from combustion of LNG.

201 The combustion of LPG and alcohol ( approximately 10(11) par

202 The exceptional activity for methane combustion of modular palladium-ceria core-shell subunit

203 tituent of smoke derived from the incomplete combustion of organic material, in smokers and non-smoke

204 The combustion of organic material, such as wood, can genera

205 rogen shifts-is known to be important in the combustion of organic materials.

206 mixed with a small amount of OM, whereas the combustion of printed circuit boards and copper-core cab

207 ly offering a source of oxidizing agents for combustion of reactive nanomaterials.

208 he world due to household air pollution from combustion of smoky coal for cooking and heating.

209 on of air pollutants result from residential combustion of solid biomass and coal fuel for cooking an

210 into mechanisms of chromium oxidation during combustion of solid fuels.

211 During combustion of the polymer, it appears that HNTs contribu

212 icles are mixed with sulfate and are of coal combustion origin.

213 inetic simulations revealed the influence of combustion parameters and the sensitivity analysis confi

214 fuel oil and diesel fuel as well as primary combustion particles emitted by a ship diesel research e

215 and high burn rate operation and individual combustion phases from a conventional wood stove.

216 ore advanced spark timing and more efficient combustion phasing.

217 However, little is known of the role biomass combustion plays as a particulate source of major plant

218 icted most poorly due to limitations in coal combustion plume monitoring and modeling.

219 jab), India, to identify a number of biomass combustion plumes.

220 A coal combustion PM2.5 IHD HR = 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08) per

221 ed a risk roughly five times higher for coal combustion PM2.5 than for PM2.5 mass in general, on a pe

222 e-dimensional (3D) printing to manufacture a combustion-powered robot whose body transitions from a r

223 at the plume edge acts as a barrier for the combustion process and molecular formation is prevalent

224 The combustion process induced significant changes in the si

225 The inherent simplicity of the combustion process will facilitate hp (129)Xe production

226 The highly dynamic, heterogeneous combustion process within a burning cigarette was invest

227 teristics are mainly caused by the catalytic combustion process, and are related to the type, propert

228 rization (WFGD) plants, focusing on oxy-coal combustion processes and differences when compared with

229 mical properties were strongly influenced by combustion processes at the source and conserved to a si

230 sing route because flue gas from fossil-fuel combustion processes contains the high amounts of carbon

231 combustion efficiency (MCE), an index of the combustion processes of a fire.

232 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from combustion processes that are associated with both acute

233 se EPFRs have been found to form during many combustion processes, are present in vehicular exhaust,

234 is in high-concentration NO sources, such as combustion processes.

235 reactive systems encountered for example in combustion processes.

236 o ash and fine-particle formation in biomass combustion processes.

237 tive to the NOx produced through fossil-fuel combustion processes.

238 uCys in nonsmoking females exposed to indoor-combustion products in Xuanwei and Fuyuan, China.

239 esent at lower levels in subjects exposed to combustion products than in controls.

240 To discover potential biomarkers of indoor combustion products, we profiled adducts at the Cys34 lo

241 Source testing on Chinese residential coal combustion provides direct evidence that intensive coal

242 ents to assess the patterns in anthropogenic combustion ratios (DeltaECa/DeltaCO and DeltaECa/DeltaNO

243 Residential combustion (RC) and electricity generating unit (EGU) em

244 hat are responsible for rapid self-sustained combustion reactions.

245 zones (TRZ) and broken reaction zones (BRZ) combustion regimes.

246 lation of medium-term to chronic exposure to combustion-related air pollution.

247 Combustion-related components of the pollutant mix showe

248 RV characteristics have been associated with combustion-related pollutants, relationships with PM10-2

249 some Cl-rich-OM/soot particles and cardboard combustion released OM and S-rich particles.

250 In addition, the printed circuit board combustion released toxic metals containing Pb, Zn, Sn,

251 waters, and resident fish species from coal combustion residual (CCR)-impacted lakes and paired refe

252 curring radioactive materials (NORM) in coal combustion residuals (CCRs) from different coal source b

253 Coal combustion residuals (CCRs), the largest industrial wast

254 Coal combustion residues (CCRs) are enriched in Mo, and thus

255 ch as paints/pigments (PCB 11) and coal/wood combustion showed significant contributions across the l

256 nstitute major kinetic pathways under common combustion situations.

257 ch CO2 to the atmosphere as does fossil-fuel combustion, so the factors regulating wood decomposition

258 pean region had a clear predominance of coal combustion sources (75 +/- 6%; uncertainties represent 1

259 n developing countries, such as India, where combustion sources are prolific, the influence of brown

260 r, we parametrize the kOA of biomass/biofuel combustion sources as a function of the black carbon (BC

261 ntrations and delta(15)N-NOx for fossil-fuel combustion sources equipped with selective catalytic red

262 rements have examined BrC from anthropogenic combustion sources like motor vehicle emissions.

263 SO2, indicating the emissions were from the combustion sources such as industrial stacks, vehicles,

264 s of delta(15)N-NOx from several fossil-fuel combustion sources that includes: airplanes, gasoline-po

265 during the period of study was derived from combustion sources, and both the temporal pattern and ma

266 rica is dominated by diffuse and inefficient combustion sources, as electricity access is low and mot

267 ocument properties of primary particles from combustion sources, which can be used to trace the sourc

268 solid-fuel cookstoves: comparison with other combustion sources.

269 n of total carbon and metals associated with combustion sources.

270 m biomass/biofuel, lignite, propane, and oil combustion sources.

271 oxygenated hydrocarbon species formed during combustion, such as furans, are highly toxic and detrime

272 usually considered a biomarker for softwood combustion, suggests that its use as a unique forest fir

273 roaches and results in the field of solution combustion synthesis (SCS) obtained during recent years.

274 ynthesized via the low-cost self-propagating combustion synthesis (SPCS) technique, whose phase const

275 ] with transition metals such as copper in a combustion synthesis.

276 rticulate matter in the cooling down zone of combustion systems in the generation of EFPRs.

277 conditions relevant to cooling down zones of combustion systems.

278 f polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in combustion systems.

279 ify SOx and NOx emissions from gas-phase oxy-combustion systems.

280 The combined data demonstrate that the combustion temperature of commercially available and lab

281 eral dimension and defect density, while the combustion temperature range is proportional to their po

282 ) soot nanostructures arising from decreased combustion temperatures and increased premixing of air a

283 Coal fly ash (CFA) is a by-product of coal combustion that can affect human health.

284 l applications ranging from energy efficient combustion through to wound healing and cancer therapy.

285 ual mortality rates from domestic solid fuel combustion to be around 4 million.

286 xperimental evidence exists directly linking combustion to their emissions.

287 ributions from local sources, including wood combustion, to PM2.5 and absorption coefficient (ABS) at

288 in a relevant environment) and full oxy-fuel combustion (TRL 4 being the component and system validat

289 ount or composition compared to steady-state combustion, underscoring the utility of characterizing I

290 oss food waste using a combination of AD and combustion varies from 420 to 700 MW, averaging 530 MW.

291 ngly seen as viable alternatives to internal combustion vehicles (ICVs).

292 sed (decreased) with MCE; fresh OA from FDGS combustion was especially oxygenated.

293 PM2.5 from both wind-blown soil and biomass combustion was not associated with IHD mortality.

294 t particles from crop residue and apple wood combustion were mainly organic matter (OM) in smoldering

295 bamboo) and softwood (cypress and pine wood) combustion were mainly soot and OM in the flaming phase,

296 the H2 was reactively removed via catalytic combustion without measurable losses in hyperpolarized s

297 on (AD), aerobic composting, waste-to-energy combustion (WTE), and landfilling, and multiple performa

298 ecycling (26%) and energy recovery (36%) via combustion (www.plasticseurope.org), carrying a heavy en

299 lective removal of FN using high-temperature combustion yields freestanding CNT or reduced GO microtu

300 increase turbulence of unburned gases in the combustion zone.

301 n of the producer gas entering the secondary combustion zone.