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1 , via formation of C3-activating enzymes (C3 convertases).
2 cell surface by accelerating the decay of C3 convertase.
3 cal for the interaction of C3 with the AP C3 convertase.
4 block formation and/or activity of the AP C3-convertase.
5 1 and MASP-2 cleave C4 and C2 to generate C3 convertase.
6 cleavage by the nephritic factor-stabilized convertase.
7 y corresponding to a functional form of this convertase.
8 pting components and regulators of the AP C3-convertase.
9 nd promoted formation of an overactive C3/C5 convertase.
10 evented assembly of the classical pathway C3-convertase.
11 o C3b and subsequent inhibition of the AP C3 convertase.
12 ulted from the formation of a hyperactive C3 convertase.
13 se, C3 products and partially stabilizes the convertase.
14 mably preventing the formation of the C4bC2a convertase.
15 comparably to wild-type (WT) C3 to form a C3 convertase.
16 hrough the activity of furin-like proprotein convertases.
17 0.7 mum but did not bind to other proprotein convertases.
18 cell surface by accelerating the decay of C3 convertases.
19 d by a series of steps involving fluid-phase convertases.
20 thepsin D and K, kallikrein 4 and proprotein convertases.
21 ysis by metalloproteinase N-arginine dibasic convertase 1 (NRD1) and leads to the significant inducti
23 p-FLCs were neuroendocrine genes: prohormone convertase 1 (PCSK1); neurotensin; delta/notch-like EGF
24 otein convertases (PCs) furin and proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1) cleave substrates at dibasic residu
27 pKa of the conserved histidine in proprotein convertase 1/3 is acid-shifted compared with furin and i
29 thin the propeptides of furin and proprotein convertase 1/3 using a histidine hydrogen-deuterium exch
30 k at a pH of 6.5 while a paralog, proprotein convertase 1/3, activates in secretory vesicles at a pH
31 ype 1 gene (PCSK1), which encodes proprotein convertase 1/3, causes a severe multihormonal disorder m
34 for the productive maturation of proprotein convertase 2 (proPC2) to an active enzyme form; this act
35 immortalized human hepatocytes inhibited C3 convertase activity and complement-dependent cytolysis o
36 hrombin-mediated complement component 5 (C5) convertase activity leads to the generation of C5a (anap
37 rmed on a properdin surface and inhibits the convertase activity of a reconstituted C3bBb complex in
38 cally HCV-infected patient sera inhibited C3 convertase activity, further implicating HCV-specific im
41 nts with anti-FB Abs selectively enhanced C3 convertase activity; IgG from patients with anti-C3b/ant
42 ce of Thr(373) in either the C3 substrate or convertase-affiliated C3b impaired C3 activation and ops
44 development and/or in adulthood, but certain convertases also exhibit complementary, redundant, or op
45 reorganization increases stability of the C3 convertase and facilitates recruitment of fluid-phase C3
46 P activation, although assembly of active C5 convertase and formation of the terminal complement prod
47 form or regulate the alternative pathway C3 convertase and has opened the door to new therapeutic ap
48 in cluster 3 had prevalent activation of C3 convertase and highly electron-dense intramembranous dep
49 recombinant hybrid protein stabilized the C3 convertase and reduced factor H-mediated convertase deca
50 ons caused by severe dysregulation of the C3 convertase and, in particular, those that involve nephri
52 ow that MERS-S is a substrate for proprotein convertases and demonstrate that processing by these enz
53 by sterically preventing C5 from binding to convertases and explain the exquisite selectivity of ecu
54 ivation and provides insights into how other convertases and proteases may regulate their precise spa
55 ively, attenuating the activity of the C3/C5 convertases and, consequently, avoiding serious damage t
56 xes of the pathways, C3 proconvertase and C3 convertase, as well as the unbound zymogen C2 obtained b
58 clusively dependent on prior cleavage by the convertases, because both R198A and R221A lack protein C
59 AP) providing stabilization of the C3 and C5 convertases, but its oligomeric nature challenges struct
60 did not inhibit regulation of solid-phase C3 convertase by FH and did not inhibit terminal complement
61 nzymatic complex, the alternative pathway C3 convertase, by targeting a functional "hot spot" on the
62 r frequency of rare and novel variants in C3 convertase (C3 and CFB) and complement regulator (CFH, C
63 H2O) to form C3b,Bb or a novel cell-bound C3 convertase [C3(H2O),Bb], which normally is present only
64 eriolysis but binds the AP proconvertase, C3 convertase, C3 products and partially stabilizes the con
65 stal structure of the alternative pathway C3 convertase C3bBb, which is in accordance with their iden
69 properdin; stabilization of the alternative convertase, C3bBb, is well accepted, whereas the role of
70 of a stabilized form of the active CP/LP C3 convertase C4b2a is strikingly similar to the crystal st
74 and GF monomer are linked before proprotein convertase cleavage and how much conformational change o
75 s still cleaved by these PCs, revealing that convertase cleavage can precede thrombin activation.
77 f basic residues at the predicted proprotein convertase cleavage site blocks proprotein processing, r
78 ructure of pro-TGF-beta1 with the proprotein convertase cleavage site mutated to mimic the structure
79 in mediates the assembly of stabilized C3/C5-convertase clusters, which helps to localize complement
80 und that albicin binds and stabilizes the C3-convertase complex (C3bBb) formed on a properdin surface
82 C2, are indispensable constituents of the C3 convertase complex, C4bC2a, which is formed by both the
87 show that TNF-alpha stimulates the TNF-alpha convertase enzyme (TACE/a disintegrin and metalloprotein
89 hich cause pathological stabilization of the convertase enzyme and confer resistance to innate contro
90 has a direct impact on the expression of the convertase enzyme carboxypeptidase E (CPE) by inhibition
92 dysregulation of the alternative pathway C3 convertase, even in the presence of C3 nephritic factors
96 sing several tests for alternative C3 and C5 convertase formation and regulation, we identified two g
97 e contrary, by binding C3b, FHR-1 allowed C3 convertase formation and thereby enhanced complement act
98 oreover inhibited already at the level of C3-convertase formation due to an interaction between PRELP
102 be remarkably conserved, suggesting that the convertases from the classical and alternative pathways
103 canonical consensus site for the proprotein convertase Furin (RXXR) between the pro- and the catalyt
105 rtase-knock-out mice showed that loss of the convertase furin or PC5/6 in hepatocytes results in a ap
107 lic tail of PC7 were replaced by that of the convertase furin, lost its ability to cleave the recepto
110 ns that form a hyperactive or deregulated C3 convertase have been identified in Factor B (FB) ligand
112 he indispensable role of alternative pathway convertase in amplifying complement cascades, its inhibi
114 molecular model for the classical pathway C5 convertase in complex with C5, suggesting that C3b incre
115 show that MERS-S is processed by proprotein convertases in MERS-S-transfected and MERS-CoV-infected
119 component C5 and prevents its cleavage by C5 convertases, inhibiting release of both the proinflammat
120 n additional mechanism by which SCIN couples convertase inhibition to direct blocking of phagocytosis
121 light the ability of a particular proprotein convertase inhibitor to effectively reduce the maturatio
122 antly affected by incubation with proprotein convertase inhibitors for up to 8 h, arguing against a m
123 rm a curly vertex that holds together the AP convertase, interacting with both the C345C and vWA doma
124 that the major contact between FP and the AP convertase is mediated by a single FP thrombospondin rep
125 vity to increase inhibition of the C3 and C5 convertases is protective against renal IRI, and the add
126 Indeed, plasma analyses of single-proprotein convertase-knock-out mice showed that loss of the conver
127 model using stable shRNA-induced proprotein convertase knockdown indicate that only furin is the maj
129 t mutations that formed either an overactive convertase (M433I) or a convertase resistant to decay by
130 somerization by cyclophilin B and proprotein convertase-mediated L2 minor capsid protein cleavage tha
133 ty of these antibodies to dysregulate the C3 convertase on the surface of endothelial cell was measur
135 ove to the cell surface where the proprotein convertase PACE4 selectively supports IRB maturation.
136 The first seven members of the proprotein convertase (PC) family activate protein precursors by cl
138 ed serpin family inhibitor of the proprotein convertase (PC), furin, that exhibits high specificity b
140 elix loop helix 2 (NHLH2) and the prohormone convertase PC1 (encoded by PCSK1) were reduced in PWS pa
144 ion depend on PC7 and the related proprotein convertases (PCs) Furin and Pace4 and that these proteas
149 ies, and mutational analysis that proprotein convertases (PCs) proteolytically process human Pxdn at
153 secreted factors, including the pro-protein convertase PCSK1, which is strongly associated with huma
154 instead lost because of deficiencies in its convertase, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type
157 into the importance of CFHR proteins for C3 convertase regulation and identify a genetic variation i
162 e is also cleaved by a furin-like proprotein convertase(s) (PCs) at KKRSHLKR(199) downward arrow (und
163 ciently activate complement as far as the C3 convertase stage in comparison with PCh-BSA and PCh-cont
167 acellular endogenous inhibitor of proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) activity on c
170 ith beta-blockers, ezetimibe, and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors, a
174 45, a monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), on Lp(a).
175 Monoclonal antibodies against proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), such as evol
176 oclonal antibody directed against proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9), to enable su
178 monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and lowers lo
179 monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and reduces l
181 A new class of drugs that inhibit proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been deve
182 Findings from clinical trials of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors ha
183 aging evidence of the efficacy of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors; h
184 , and data on LDL cholesterol and proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels were a
185 nt that inhibits the synthesis of proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a target for
186 monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), has been sho
187 zed monoclonal antibody targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), reduces leve
188 monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), significantl
190 he renal epithelial expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin-like kexin type 9, a key regulator
192 ted region in the promoter of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene that was asso
193 onger-term efficacy and safety of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in seco
194 ntly reported that >30% of plasma proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) is bound to LDL, t
195 ance antibody-based inhibitors of preprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) produce reductions
199 cytes was reduced, and intestinal proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (Pcsk1) expression, t
200 r caused by rare mutations in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 (PCSK1) gene, has bee
202 ucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 with modest effects o
204 f deficiencies in its convertase, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 5 (PCSK5), causing inac
206 reported to individually bind the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and regulate
207 onoclonal antibodies that inhibit proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) are an emergi
208 Gain-of-function mutations of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) are associate
212 dy was to determine the effect of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) deficiency on
214 LDLR) degradation mediated by the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been exte
216 g-term safety and efficacy of the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor evo
218 ways suggest use of ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors in
221 Monoclonal antibodies targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a new lipi
228 to determine the LDL-ApoB-100 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) production ra
231 human monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) serine protea
232 logic-based strategies to inhibit proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) show promise
233 ) binds to its negative regulator proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) through the f
235 monoclonal antibodies that block proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a circulatin
236 ively modulated the expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a protein th
237 ver, in the presence of exogenous proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a protein th
238 (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and LDL prot
239 Several mutations in the apoB, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and MTP gene
240 ully human monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), demonstrated
241 onoclonal antibodies that bind to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), lowering LDL
242 rocumab, a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), lowers plasm
243 locumab, a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), reduced LDL
244 monoclonal antibody that inhibits proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), significantl
245 5), a monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), significantl
246 human monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), significantl
252 t altered vascular pathology in a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gain-of-function athe
253 ding DNA sequence variants in the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 gene (PCSK9) lower pl
254 ry cost-effectiveness analyses of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) we
256 ) vs 0.61 (95% CI, 0.58-0.65) for proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors (P = .25).
258 ein B-containing lipoproteins and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors hold promi
260 neered to encode gain-of-function proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 mutants, and mice wer
261 ol, lathosterol, campesterol, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 plasma concentrations
262 ly human monoclonal antibodies to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 published in the last
264 comprehensive data that targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 very effectively redu
265 ic analysis has identified PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) as a crucial gene in
266 t of sdAbs targeting human PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) as an alternative to
270 man monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9), markedly reduces lo
271 ich can be achieved by inhibiting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9, may decrease the sys
275 or trials, pharmacological PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type-9) inhibition was not a
279 rt that furin is unique among the proprotein convertases subtilisin/kexin in being highly expressed i
282 2, regulates the maturation of the TNF-alpha convertase (TACE), which controls shedding of TNF-alpha
283 approach is to target the protease TNF-alpha convertase (TACE), which releases TNF-alpha from cells.
284 can be triggered by autoantibodies to the C3 convertase, termed nephritic factors, which cause pathol
286 weakly promote assembly of the classical C3 convertase that is further suppressed in the presence of
288 al cell lines indicated that PC7 is the only convertase that sheds this receptor into the medium.
289 and mouse tetramer-forming tryptases are MMP convertases that mediate cartilage damage and the proteo
290 m for assembly of the proteolytically active convertases that mediate downstream complement activatio
291 provides insight into the function of the C3 convertase, the differential involvement of C3 activity
294 rotein dimers and then cleaved by proprotein convertases to release the C-terminal domain as an activ
296 In PAM-1/OSX, a cleavage site for furin-like convertases was exposed, generating a shorter form of me
297 its major function in stabilizing the C3bBb convertase, was found to bind both exogenous and endogen
298 We identified that members of the proprotein convertase were rate-limiting enzymes in the truncation
299 wArg cleavage motif of furin-like proprotein convertases, whereas the cleavage motif of FRA (Pro-X-X-
300 s express phc2, a neural specific prohormone convertase, which suggests that they form an early activ
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