ライフサイエンスコーパス: cortical layer

1 * nAChR currents depended on neuron type and cortical layer.

2 populations of neurons, even within the same cortical layer.

3 suring physical parameters of the actomyosin cortical layer.

4 re characteristic of pyramidal cells in each cortical layer.

5 rons are generally localized within the same cortical layer.

6 radial glia fibers to reach the appropriate cortical layer.

7 clei and cytoskeleton form a two-dimensional cortical layer.

8 seek to assign FP/LFP recordings to specific cortical layers.

9 nd a pronounced reactive gliosis in the deep cortical layers.

10 lowing to discriminate between the different cortical layers.

11 and examine the involvement of the different cortical layers.

12 al modulation varies by cell type and across cortical layers.

13 f input partially overlapped and spanned all cortical layers.

14 ng of neurons in the superficial and deepest cortical layers.

15 nsity of channelrhodopsin2 expression across cortical layers.

16 trol of the flow of sensory responses across cortical layers.

17 ables simultaneous, long-term imaging of all cortical layers.

18 n a gradient from the pial surface to deeper cortical layers.

19 nsity of neurons and conservation of the six cortical layers.

20 ons, many of which populated the superficial cortical layers.

21 yonic brain displayed altered development of cortical layers.

22 ation trains applied at 50 Hz to superficial cortical layers.

23 il staining is pronounced and uniform across cortical layers.

24 s mediated by diffusion of potassium to deep cortical layers.

25 n in the density of cellular staining in all cortical layers.

26 uman brain at the level of fiber bundles and cortical layers.

27 umin-labeled interneurons in upper and lower cortical layers.

28 expressed in GABAergic neurons of different cortical layers.

29 operations that are initiated in the deeper cortical layers.

30 nificant shifts were found only in the upper cortical layers.

31 a lesser extent, in V1 neurons in the other cortical layers.

32 eir parental axons and grow into superficial cortical layers.

33 isplacement of Cajal-Retzius cells to deeper cortical layers.

34 o pallial regions before settling in various cortical layers.

35 neurons in the cerebral cortex span multiple cortical layers.

36 have Cajal-Retzius cells displaced to deeper cortical layers.

37 rge burden, especially in subiculum and deep cortical layers.

38 onic day 16 and destined for the superficial cortical layers.

39 shift (block) and recovery of neurons in all cortical layers.

40 r complex and are distributed throughout all cortical layers.

41 s the spatial extent of the slice and in all cortical layers.

42 efferent connections terminate in different cortical layers.

43 ng six with increased expression in the deep cortical layers.

44 ein distributions across synapse classes and cortical layers.

45 how this effect varies across cell types and cortical layers.

46 duction of proliferative zones and disrupted cortical layers.

47 le levels of GAD67 mRNA is ~30% lower across cortical layers.

48 and faint (Off) spiking synchronously across cortical layers.

49 those species, is observed only in the upper cortical layers.

50 which give rise to projection neurons of all cortical layers.

51 on with genes that are expressed in specific cortical layers.

52 ncy at eye opening, which are similar across cortical layers.

53 rogeneity, and their responses varied across cortical layers.

54 eurons that project expansively to the upper cortical layers.

55 icient mice are postnatal viable with normal cortical layering.

56 on the surface of the brain and disorganized cortical layering.

57 Here, we investigated how INs located in cortical layer 1 (L1) of rat barrel cortex affect whiske

58 veloping GABAergic projection from the ZI to cortical layer 1 that is essential for proper developmen

59 ons form a GABAergic axon plexus in neonatal cortical layer 1, making synapses with neurons in both d

60 sly unknown interneuronal circuits that link cortical layer 1-3 (L1-3) interneurons and L5 pyramidal

61 ctions, each of which terminates in distinct cortical layers [1-3].

62 input and output, local synaptic activity in cortical layer 2 was silenced by iontophoresis of AMPA a

63 patterns that characterize the maturation of cortical layer 2/3 are poorly understood.

64 long been assumed that LTD induced in visual cortical layer 2/3 by LFS of layer 4 uses similar mechan

65 Neurons in cortical layer 2/3 differ significantly from those in th

66 l-autonomous requirements for Bdnf in visual cortical layer 2/3 neurons.

67 nd its transport to synapses in mouse visual cortical layer 2/3 neurons.

68 ic acid (GABA) release on dendrites of mouse cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons could induce gephyr

69 stribution of type II PKA in hippocampal and cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in vitro and in viv

70 synaptogenesis and mature synapse number on cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in vivo.

71 Our data demonstrate that, in mouse cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons, glutamate is suffi

72 vidual dendritic spines of rat somatosensory cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons.

73 ensity and an increase in spine head size in cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons.

74 cation vary along the apical dendrite of rat cortical layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons.

75 t time and found that parenchymal vessels in cortical layer 2/3 were orientation selective.

76 zygous Dgcr8 mutant mice have slightly fewer cortical layer 2/4 neurons and that the basal dendrites

77 Parasubicular neurons span the height of cortical layers 2 and 3, and we observed no obvious asso

78 oth PV+ and SST+ interneurons selectively in cortical layers 2-4 without numerically changing the tot

79 puts to single excitatory neurons throughout cortical layers 2/3-6 in the mouse primary visual cortex

80 rm potentiation into long-term depression at cortical layer 3/5 synapses.

81 tends long processes without varicosities to cortical layers 3 and 4.

82 er cortex (+244 to +18%), decreased in lower cortical layers (-35%) and increased in the white matter

83 Long-term depression (LTD) between cortical layer 4 spiny stellate cells and layer 2/3 pyra

84 cific trafficking of distinct AMPA-Rs in rat cortical layer 4 stellate and layer 5 pyramidal neurons.

85 ed in mature, fast GABAergic transmission in cortical layer 4, including GABA receptor subunits and K

86 s revealed by cytochrome-oxidase-staining of cortical layer 4.

87 a model assuming thalamic projections to two cortical layer-4 cell populations: one excitatory (putat

88 ure with simultaneous synaptic activation of cortical layer-4 neurons, mimicking the effect of a sing

89 Cortical layer 5 (L5) pyramidal neurons integrate inputs

90 5XFAD brain, and large pyramidal neurons in cortical layer 5 and subiculum are lost.

91 uitment at discrete spatial locations within cortical layer 5 but not layer 2/3.

92 e results show that in mature axons of mouse cortical layer 5 pyramidal cells, action potentials init

93 of a spike and wave discharge originated in cortical layer 5.

94 Neurons in cortical layer 5B (L5B) connect the cortex to numerous s

95 t to the thalamus originates from neurons in cortical layer 6 (L6); however, the function of this cor

96 ice that develop without a cortex or without cortical layer 6 axonal projections, and find that RGC a

97 t to the dLGN in mice that specifically lack cortical layer 6 projections to the dLGN.

98 ese two classes were comprised of neurons in cortical layer 6 with identified projections to the late

99 eurons leads to mislocalized cells in deeper cortical layers, abnormal positioning of the centrosome-

100 d dendritic currents in the middle and upper cortical layers, accompanied by decreased broadband EEG

101 Microarray analysis of individual cortical layers across sensorimotor and association cort

102 st labeled neurons in V1 were in superficial cortical layers after V2 injections, and in deep layers

103 similar inputs from V1, at least in terms of cortical layer and CO compartment.

104 onal partition of plasticity within a single cortical layer and reveal the LII/III to LV connection a

105 motif of a core thalamic input to the middle cortical layer and that thalamocortical synapses form a

106 e for Gata4 activity in morphogenesis of the cortical layer and the preservation of normal cardiac fu

107 The relative and absolute volume of each cortical layer and, within layer 3, the number and densi

108 lete loss of Lis1 and Ndel1 displayed severe cortical layering and hippocampal defects, but Lis1 muta

109 of migratory cells contributes to defects in cortical layering and hypocellularity in the ventral LGN

110 logy, decreased NeuN cell densities in lower cortical layers and a positive history of infantile spas

111 read cortical activation of c-fos across all cortical layers and a selective pattern of regulation of

112 GF-1 receptor failed to migrate to the upper cortical layers and accumulated at the ventricular/subve

113 d subunit composition of AMPARs differ among cortical layers and among cell types.

114 Cortical layers and areas acquire adult-like molecular p

115 specific molecular signatures for individual cortical layers and areas, prominently involving genes a

116 fects of muscarinic signaling differ between cortical layers and between brain areas.

117 grating anatomical data at the resolution of cortical layers and borders, we know little about the mo

118 n identified but the contribution of each to cortical layers and cell types through specific lineages

119 Each column traverses the six cortical layers and each layer has a unique pattern of i

120 rocyte, abundantly populates the superficial cortical layers and extends long processes without varic

121 level, ASD genes are enriched in superficial cortical layers and glutamatergic projection neurons.

122 ression of genes that are expressed in lower cortical layers and in callosal projection neurons.

123 dynamics of several thousand neurons across cortical layers and in the hippocampus of awake behaving

124 interneuron subtypes, residing in different cortical layers and innervating complementary laminar do

125 ntain neurons from both deep and superficial cortical layers and map transcriptionally to in vivo fet

126 n neurons that project focally to the middle cortical layers and more "matrix" calbindin neurons that

127 hronous responses to microstimulation of its cortical layers and reveal the cerebellum's three-dimens

128 oral response dynamics of PMd neurons across cortical layers and show stronger and earlier decision-r

129 ases, such as amyloid plaques and changes in cortical layers and subcortical nuclei.

130 both NFIA and NFIB are expressed in the deep cortical layers and subplate prenatally and display dyna

131 neously recorded neuron firing in prefrontal cortical layers and the caudate-putamen of rhesus monkey

132 ing the specification of arbors in different cortical layers and the mechanisms of dendrite branching

133 requiring the integration of signals across cortical layers and the selection of executive variables

134 short latency (as early as 130 ms) in middle cortical layers and thus are extracted in the first pass

135 f 1980 spiking neurons distributed among six cortical layers and two thalamic nuclei.

136 se cellular staining which is uniform across cortical layers and very light neuropil staining.

137 n and observed that the degree to which deep cortical layers and white matter are incorporated into t

138 n GABA(A) alpha1 subunit staining across all cortical layers and within both soma and neuropil of the

139 on and remain scattered within inappropriate cortical layers and/or in the subjacent white matter.

140 or CBSH3+ DNAs, migrated to the appropriate cortical layer, and became integrated in cortical circui

141 g depth of 2PM within the mouse brain to the cortical layer, and imaging subcortical structures curre

142 distinct subventricular zone or superficial cortical layers, and overexpression of stabilized beta-c

143 We found that across the cortical layers approximately 25% of both Kv3.1b- and Kv

144 Because cortical layers are generated in temporal order, FGF8 mi

145 in midgestation (E70-E81), when superficial cortical layers are generated.

146 These results suggest that all cortical layers are influenced by sensory stimulation du

147 cification and differential integration into cortical layers are largely unknown.

148 stem exists in which distinct mPFC areas and cortical layers are targeted depending on the location o

149 As each cortical layer arises, stem cells and neuroblasts become

150 various vessel compartments and at different cortical layers as well as transient ischemic events wer

151 majority of SST-expressing cells across all cortical layers, as well as some PV-expressing cells in

152 ficantly upregulated PAI-1 expression in all cortical layers assessed (p < 0.05) and reduced neuronal

153 d by protrusions of neurons beyond the first cortical layer at the pial surface of the brain.

154 uniform within the neocortex, even within a cortical layer, but are specialized within subcircuits.

155 tal deafness between supragranular and other cortical layers, but similar dystrophic effects in all i

156 xtracellular currents generated in different cortical layers by impulses of single TC afferents.

157 ons mediate widespread inhibition across all cortical layers by recruiting fast-spiking inhibitory ne

158 7(KIP1) control neuronal output for distinct cortical layers by regulating different stages of precur

159 , a signal that controls spatial ordering of cortical layers, Cajal-Retzius (C-R) cells play a crucia

160 d with the frontal ERP, concentrated in deep cortical layers corresponding to the zone of BF input, w

161 Although cortical layering, cytoarchitecture, and proteome were f

162 mulation of active Dab1 protein and a unique cortical layering defect, characterized by excess migrat

163 bodies with end plates loss restriction and cortical layer discontinuity was observed.

164 vide an adhesive code for the development of cortical layers, due to their homophilic interactions an

165 al nervous system, where it is important for cortical layering during development and survival of dop

166 that stimuli targeting upper, but not lower, cortical layers effectively evoked network-wide events.

167 Contrary to expectation that the output cortical layers encode stimulus information most accurat

168 ARFGEF2 mRNA was widely expressed in all cortical layers, especially in the neural precursors of

169 Both germinal and post-mitotic cortical layers exhibit fronto-temporal gradients, with

170 y normally slows the temporal progression of cortical layer fates.

171 eocortex, which are known to be critical for cortical layer formation and are hypothesized to be impo

172 Despite this increased thickness, cortical layer formation was largely unaffected and no c

173 tion of cortical neurons, severely disrupted cortical layer formation, and aberrant axonal tract deve

174 ressed proliferation, and affected embryonic cortical layer formation.

175 hm, which segments the bones and removes the cortical layer from the images.

176 chanism across sensory systems and (2) which cortical layers generate alpha oscillations.

177 over the more fundamental questions of which cortical layers generate alpha rhythms and whether the g

178 Ca2+ imaging of neuronal populations in deep cortical layers has remained a major challenge, as the r

179 These rhythms, as well as the different cortical layers, have also been closely related to feedf

180 ese features are processed vertically across cortical layers, horizontal projections interconnecting

181 secting hippocampal Schaffer collaterals and cortical layer I axons.

182 lly characterized interneuron types of adult cortical layer I, suggesting a fairly broad expression a

183 ing neuronal bodies, and very prominently in cortical layer I, where CD200(+) structures included gli

184 ce have long apical dendrites extending into cortical layer I.

185 h effective, may not be able to disambiguate cortical layer identity in all cells.

186 ions recapitulate the development of in vivo cortical layer identity.

187 tions from neurons in ipsilateral entorhinal cortical layer II as well as from bilateral dorsal CA2 a

188 Single-unit activity of piriform cortical layer II/III neurons was recorded simultaneousl

189 and resulted in the reduction of neurons in cortical layer II/III.

190 r neocortical areas, GINs were only found in cortical layers II and III.

191 umber of GADD45b-stained cells in prefrontal cortical layers II, III, and V in psychotic patients.

192 gyrus, supraoptic nucleus, hypothalamus, and cortical layers II, III, and V.

193 The study was focused on the supragranular cortical layers II-III, since these layers can be clearl

194 creased cortical neuron number deriving from cortical layers II-IV is undetermined.

195 x and differentiate into Satb2(+) neurons in cortical layers II-IV.

196 lity of both pyramidal excitatory neurons in cortical layers II/III and cortical GABAergic inhibitory

197 ard a decrease in dendritic spine density in cortical layers II/III, but not in the hippocampus, at 1

198 arliest problems can be found in superficial cortical layers (II-IV), whereas later the disease advan

199 ynaptic terminals targeting mouse entorhinal cortical layer III pyramidal neurons.

200 The subplate layer, the deepest cortical layer in mammals, has important roles in cerebr

201 the SVZ produce excitatory neurons for each cortical layer in the neocortex.

202 ermine physical parameters of the actomyosin cortical layer in vivo directly from laser ablation expe

203 tal cortex, concomitant with an inversion of cortical layering in the rostral cortex.

204 hat plasticity proceeds sequentially through cortical layers in a manner that parallels the flow of i

205 nally targeted two-photon imaging across all cortical layers in awake mice using a microprism attachm

206 c brain injury; (ii) changes in thickness of cortical layers in Brodmann areas 11, 10, 24a and 4 diff

207 ei in birds, cortical areas in reptiles, and cortical layers in mammals.

208 se (AChE) staining density varies across the cortical layers in many sensory areas.

209 d power (30-80 Hz) in the middle-superficial cortical layers in regions surrounding the activated whi

210 y of the spindle activity in the superficial cortical layers in the model.

211 spontaneous activity observed in superficial cortical layers in vitro and in vivo with statistical pr

212 pyramidal neurons (PNs) from rat superficial cortical layers in vivo and in vitro using 2-photon imag

213 but preferentially (75%) occupy superficial cortical layers independent of birthdate.

214 Cortical layering is a hallmark of the mammalian neocort

215 Cortical layering is normal, but neurons are smaller tha

216 Our data imply that cortical layering is not a static process, but rather re

217 ons, sensory input integration in downstream cortical layers is more linear and less sensitive to tim

218 oper dendritogenesis and the organization of cortical layer IV neurons into barrels, but not for the

219 The altered dendritic morphology of cortical layer IV spiny stellate neurons in cortical-mGl

220 al populations, including pyramidal cells in cortical layer IV.

221 h synaptic contacts terminating primarily in cortical layer IV.

222 At the electron microscopic (EM) level, in cortical layers IV-V and RTN neurons, Ca(v) 3.3 immunore

223 of astrocytes, abundant in thalamo-recipient cortical layers ("kissing" astrocytes), overlap markedly

224 ion in excitatory synaptic input from middle cortical layers (L3/5A) of >30% compared with MeCP2-repl

225 ought to propagate primarily from the middle cortical layer (layer 4, L4) up to L2/3 and down to the

226 signed to a laminar identity using canonical cortical layer marker genes.

227 co-expressed canonical fetal deep and upper cortical layer markers.

228 Molecular innovations of upper cortical layers may be an important component in the evo

229 arpened angular tuning of vS1 neurons in all cortical layers measured.

230 urons to passive vibrissa stimulation in all cortical layers measured.

231 rrence of specific avalanches in superficial cortical layers might facilitate integrative and associa

232 sharpen the frequency tuning in superficial cortical layers more than in middle or deep layers.

233 In Satb1-null mice, cortical layer morphology was normal.

234 e is faint cell body staining throughout all cortical layers, neuropil staining is markedly increased

235 hape changes are insured by a thin, dynamic, cortical layer of cytoskeleton underneath the plasma mem

236 Ultrastructurally, FSCB localized to a cortical layer of intermediate electron density at the s

237 grade tracing studies in rats to examine the cortical layer of origin, the sizes of parent axons, and

238 sh heart regeneration, cardiomyocytes in the cortical layer of the ventricle induce the transcription

239 depth and dendritic path lengths within each cortical layer of vS1, as well as spiking patterns durin

240 studied within both the superficial and deep cortical layers of frontal, temporal, and parietal lobe

241 d in the migration of young neurons into the cortical layers of the brain during early human developm

242 expression of genes previously implicated in cortical layer or phenotypic identity in individual cell

243 hether attention acts non-selectively across cortical layers or whether it engages the laminar circui

244 connections regardless of whisker identity, cortical layer, or axis of recorded responses, thereby r

245 le tasks, how activity is distributed across cortical layers, or indeed whether modulation reflected

246 ions and expanded these analyses to localize cortical layer-preferential projections.

247 ture of local networks depends critically on cortical layer raises the possibility that adaptation co

248 The LFP's cortical spread varied across cortical layers, reaching a minimum value of 120 microm

249 Drawing from various cortical areas, cortical layers, recording methodologies, and species, w

250 of movement-related neuronal activity across cortical layers remains poorly understood due, in part,

251 Unit recordings in the middle cortical layers revealed a precise tonotopic organizatio

252 t emerges from such comparisons is that each cortical layer serves a distinct role in sensory functio

253 ultaneously from V1 neurons spanning all six cortical layers so that we could characterize the lamina

254 onal cortical growth rates while maintaining cortical layer structure.

255 e mutants showed remarkably little change in cortical layer structure.

256 In the mutant mice, cortical layer structures were disrupted, and axonal pat

257 ginning of gliogenesis, and later within the cortical layers, suggesting a mechanism by which astrocy

258 , these neurons localize at more superficial cortical layers than their control counterparts.

259 riations across different cortical areas and cortical layers that appear species-specific, and expres

260 S directly activates fibers within the upper cortical layers that leads to the activation of dendrite

261 ranches will grow to invade middle and upper cortical layers, thereby ensuring that the location of i

262 nhibition of the spiking of neurons in upper cortical layers; this ascending intra-cortical drive pro

263 al neurons process information from multiple cortical layers to provide a major output of cortex.

264 protein expression varies across regions and cortical layers to provide insights into the differences

265 icrolesions were easily identified in deeper cortical layers using the neuronal marker NeuN, showed a

266 ons in vitro, and in Npn-2(-/-) brain slices cortical layer V and DG GCs exhibit increased mEPSC (min

267 progressive neurodegeneration prominently in cortical layer V and spinal ventral horn, motor dysfunct

268 cp2 riboprobe only weakly labeled the DT and cortical layer V in juvenile and adult animals, although

269 o nuclei within the dorsal thalamus (DT) and cortical layer V in juvenile animals, a pattern that was

270 The NR1:NR2 ratio was decreased in cortical layer V of the temporal and retrosplenial corti

271 transgenic (YFP-H) mouse to demonstrate that cortical layer V projection neurons undergo severe atrop

272 one of the major descending pathways is from cortical layer V pyramidal cells to the inferior collicu

273 sed dentate gyrus (DG) granule cell (GC) and cortical layer V pyramidal neuron spine number and size,

274 es that ESC-derived spinal motor neurons and cortical layer V pyramidal neurons acquire subtype speci

275 ase, there is selective destruction of motor cortical layer V pyramidal neurons and degeneration of t

276 These neurons are thought be akin to cortical layer V pyramidal neurons.

277 ical dendrites of mature hippocampal CA1 and cortical layer V pyramidal neurons.

278 bust increase in NR2A/B labeling specific to cortical layer V throughout the retrosplenial, parietal,

279 ibuting to the GABAergic interneuron pool of cortical layers V and VI.

280 This was due to differences in cortical layers V-VI, but not layers I-IV.

281 r the disease advances to involve the deeper cortical layers (V-VI).

282 e presence of an indistinct boundary between cortical layer VI and the underlying white matter.

283 No cortical layer was uniformly spared, with the clearest s

284 nergic input, as well as input from specific cortical layers, was similar onto both pathways.

285 e inputs from presynaptic cells in different cortical layers, we investigated whether AMPAR-mediated

286 Because upper cortical layers were expanded during primate evolution,

287 a narrowing of the frontal cortex, although cortical layers were normally organized.

288 igns of astrogliosis and a compaction of the cortical layers were observed at 90 days postinfection.

289 s, feed-forward information enters at middle cortical layers whereas feedback information arrives at

290 such that early-born neurons settle in deep cortical layers whereas late-born neurons populate more

291 ity is predominantly observed in superficial cortical layers, whereas alpha- and beta-band activity i

292 d thalamic mediodorsal nucleus to the middle cortical layers, which are thought to be highly efficien

293 class of SPNs receives inputs from only deep cortical layers, while the second class of SPNs receives

294 rated that microstimulation of infragranular cortical layers with patterns of microcurrents derived f

295 alpha generators were present in each of the cortical layers, with a strong source in superficial lay

296 y to improvements in discriminability across cortical layers, with changes in firing rates most impor

297 tatory neurons derived largely from the same cortical layer within a three-column diameter.

298 causality, were also dominant between these cortical layers within a time window when the contour si

299 The computational role of cortical layers within auditory cortex has proven diffic

300 tory neurons whose cell body resides in deep cortical layers yet whose axons arborize throughout all