ライフサイエンスコーパス: crowd

1 2] models of the phenomenon known as 'visual crowding'.

2 quantification of IHC images to an undefined crowd.

3 ts of the individual objects comprising that crowd.

4 e problems is access to the wider scientific crowd.

5 embered views to alter their routes to avoid crowds.

6 at social influence undermines the wisdom of crowds.

7 cisions, a phenomenon known as the wisdom of crowds.

8 react with [Ge9{Si(TMS)3}3](-) due to steric crowding.

9 ts to greatly reduce spectral complexity and crowding.

10 l system for studying the effects of protein crowding.

11 eeth, enamel and dentin hypoplasia, or teeth crowding.

12 g scaffolding, wedging, oligomerization, and crowding.

13 tional basis for their 'grouping' account of crowding.

14 ing of the functional role of macromolecular crowding.

15 cesses, including adsorption, desorption and crowding.

16 on, number of wards worked in, and household crowding.

17 ose-pectin contacts are not due to molecular crowding.

18 ta, with a simple modification for chromatin crowding.

19 challenging situation with respect to steric crowding.

20 r: 1) Little irregularity index for anterior crowding; 2) molar and canine class relationship; 3) pre

21 Consequently crowding, a nonspecific phenomenon believed to arise fro

22 Thermodynamic analysis indicates that crowding activation of Hsp90 is entropically driven, whi

23 Finally, we find that crowding activation works by a different mechanism than

24 e gained on how high concentrations of inert crowding agents and osmolytes fit into a kinetic framewo

25 solution conditions such as temperature and crowding agents consequently affect IDPs more than their

26 alts, viscosity enhancers or macro-molecular crowding agents has an impact on the physical properties

27 face densities of ZipA or in the presence of crowding agents that favor the accumulation of FtsZ poly

28 aining high concentrations of macromolecular crowding agents would give new insights into the structu

29 olyethylene glycol and yeast cell extract as crowding agents.

30 itro measurements in the presence of polymer crowding agents.

31 Protein crowding also affects bilayer properties, such as membra

32 Here, we investigated whether crowding also plays a role in age-related changes in rea

33 Protein crowding alters the sub-diffusive behavior of proteins a

34 reading speed (a decrease by 30%) and larger crowding: an enlargement of crowding zone (an increase b

35 Cell membranes are crowded and complex environments.

36 Crowded and dispersed glycans are differently ordered, c

37 ntage to corals in the rigors of the reef, a crowded and fiercely competitive ecosystem.

38 to promote the desired function even in the crowded and fluctuating cellular environment.

39 of many other regulatory molecules and in a crowded and noisy cellular environment.

40 nstructured peptides labeled at pD 4.0 under crowded and uncrowded conditions confirmed that Ficoll d

41 45481 ), residues 2059-2117, at pD 6.5 under crowded and uncrowded conditions.

42 These results suggest that both crowding and binding limit escape of AMPARs from the syn

43 t-steps influenced by ambient conditions and crowding and by M. tuberculosis itself.

44 nt effects in RNA folding, such as molecular crowding and cotranscriptional kinetic effects, may ulti

45 how mushrooms tolerate and even benefit from crowding and explains their high water needs.

46 complexes are highly reactive due to steric crowding and few crystallographically characterizable Th

47 This process induces cargo crowding and inward membrane buckling, followed by const

48 ent in spectral quality arising from reduced crowding and narrowed linewidths, and accurate analysis

49 of different shapes and sizes under various crowding and noise levels.

50 crowding, including the correlation between crowding and saccades.

51 icability of the method: 1) the influence of crowding and shape on the lateral diffusion of proteins

52 ons from accepted theories of macromolecular crowding and show that cosolutes commonly used to mimic

53 Because Piezo1 senses both mechanical crowding and stretch, it may act as a homeostatic sensor

54 rises, which we interpret by alluding to ant crowding and subsequent jamming.

55 nown to be necessary to overcome cytoplasmic crowding and the limited range of diffusion within reaso

56 close together, visual features can become "crowded" and perceptually indistinguishable.

57 may include modifiable social (eg, poverty, crowding) and biological factors (not explored in this a

58 retical models of one-dimensional transport, crowding, and jamming.

59 ors such as cytoskeleton, lipid composition, crowding, and molecular interactions deviate lateral dif

60 undamentally different way of thinking about crowding, and on this basis we claim to have provided a

61 of reactions, water structure and viscosity, crowding, and other cellular activities.

62 mbers were mode of delivery, infant feeding, crowding, and recent antibiotic use.

63 The effects of CA concentration, molecular crowding, and the conformational variability of CA are d

64 loss of low-frequency relaxations caused by crowding, and the jamming transition, which is related t

65 ration water change as a function of protein crowding?; and (ii) upon hydrogel formation of gammaS-WT

66 hen subdivided AAC eyes into four subgroups: crowded-angle (CR), lens subluxation (LS) pupillary bloc

67 Algorithms for extracting wisdom from the crowd are typically based on a democratic voting procedu

68 he excluded-volume effects of macromolecular crowding are expected to cause compaction of unfolded an

69 a technology can be successful in an already crowded arena.

70 ii, we observed that nuclear 26S proteasomes crowd around NPCs.

71 tribution, but they induce the local current crowding around the voids: this local current crowding e

72 Our findings identify protein crowding as an important principle in determining LD pro

73 In this crowded assay, SNAREs and SM proteins acted in concert t

74 ntly overcome, namely the substantial steric crowding at both reactive sites, the nucleophilic additi

75 chanism is strongly influenced by the steric crowding at the Pd catalyst by either a biaryl phosphine

76 steady state where line tension and lateral crowding balanced.

77 tein exclusion is also influenced by lateral crowding, binding protein affinity, and thermally-driven

78 ifying possible interactions taking place in crowded biological media.

79 quickly couple mechanosensitive elements in crowded biological membranes.

80 The size of the crowded boundary layer near the overlap ends is also dep

81 of this downstream kinase cascade produced a crowded branching defect in the intrahepatic biliary net

82 mpared to the case of diluted or molecularly crowded buffer solutions, the G-quadruplex inside the na

83 er a banal scenario: a seated passenger on a crowded bus stands up and someone takes his seat.

84 ountability and "bad" behavior in groups and crowds but rather causes group behavior to be driven by

85 ble volume can be affected by macromolecular crowding, but the effects of crowding in cells are compl

86 ypically characterized, the cell interior is crowded by macromolecules, which affects both the thermo

87 Thus, crowding by either dynein microtubule binding domain or

88 the unstable intermediate states), and that crowding by large molecules reduces noise more efficient

89 olecules reduces noise more efficiently than crowding by small molecules.

90 Me5)3M complexes in reactions that form less crowded (C5Me5)2M-containing products.

91 emble performance, or to follow a voice in a crowded cafe.

92 se protein stability, recent work shows that crowding can destabilize proteins through transient attr

93 from their observations that macromolecular crowding can lead to robustness in gene expression, resu

94 ferent sizes (actin and ATP), macromolecular crowding can modulate the kinetics of individual steps o

95 the context of an outbreak at its peak, with crowded care centers, randomizing patients to receive ei

96 he chromatin fiber to find each other in the crowded cell?

97 t it relies on diffusive encounters with the crowded cellular background, made up of protein surfaces

98 esentation of the interactomes in vivo, in a crowded cellular environment, as well as membranes and m

99 identifying molecular components within the crowded cellular environment.

100 ucial to realistically simulate tomograms of crowded cellular environments, which can then serve as g

101 at p-PALM is well-suited to explore numerous crowded cellular environments.

102 acromolecular interactions that organize the crowded cellular interior, requires the measurement of e

103 d in vitro, assuming similar activity in the crowded cellular milieu.

104 ctions; thermodynamic and kinetic effects of crowding; cellular membrane modeling; and modeling of ch

105 Photochemical isomerization in sterically crowded chiral alkenes is the driving force for molecula

106 ty, switching free energy and macromolecular crowding collectively control riboswitch activation.

107 Complex 3 also forms more crowded complexes in reactions with I2, PhCl, and Al2Me6

108 reacts with MeI to make two sterically more crowded complexes, (C5Me5)3ThI, 4, and (C5Me5)3ThMe, 1,

109 traditional theory, which predicts that more crowded conditions can only increase protein stability,

110 inhibited by collisions with neighbors under crowded conditions, whereas its plus end-directed action

111 ructure and dynamics of these proteins under crowded conditions.

112 olymer, for HX-MS analysis of proteins under crowded conditions.

113 mestication may involve adaptation to highly crowded conditions.

114 are important under physiologically relevant crowded conditions.

115 e classical manifestation of such scheme the crowding conditions are neglected.

116 mode, feeding type, antibiotic exposure, and crowding conditions, in relation to respiratory tract mi

117 athic alpha-helices in response to increased crowding conditions, such as high concentrations of glyc

118 ses of the G-quadruplexes, under PEG-induced crowding conditions, with the corresponding mesophases o

119 matter inside cells, usually referred to as crowding conditions.

120 sp60 and Hsp70 chaperones are insensitive to crowding conditions.

121 ed the salt concentration and macromolecular crowding conditions.

122 c pressure, thus mimicking in vivo molecular crowding conditions.

123 embly of enzymes occurs even under cytosolic crowding conditions.

124 form of the holoenzyme, even under molecular crowding conditions.

125 ing on the microtubule lattice, with greater crowding converting the motor from minus end-directed to

126 xplain how organelles orderly cohabit in the crowded cytoplasm.

127 e opposite action, as in traffic congestion, crowd dispersion, and division of labor.

128 acterial colonies, schools of fish and human crowds, display a wealth of emerging collective and dyna

129 However, little is known about how crowded DNA modulates facilitated diffusion and target r

130 ryotic mismatch repair complex, navigates on crowded DNA.

131 te to productive thiol oxidation in complex, crowded, dynamic environments.

132 The crowding effect in particular has received considerable

133 centuate transcriptional bursting due to the crowding effect of chromatin.

134 ggregating individual opinions (a "wisdom-of-crowds" effect) or of altering response biases (such as

135 similarities predict variation in growth and crowding effects for the 315 most abundant tree species

136 al representation of the chains predicts the crowding effects only for collapsed protein chains.

137 such as with social facilitation, wisdom-of-crowds effects, and division of labor.

138 rowding around the voids: this local current crowding enhances the lateral void growth and coalescenc

139 retain their native secondary structure in a crowded environment and are stabilized against degradati

140 The efficiency of finding an object in a crowded environment depends largely on the similarity of

141 It is clear that a crowded environment influences the structure, dynamics,

142 suited to engage interaction partners in the crowded environment of synapses, permitting the formatio

143 ngs extend our knowledge of the synapse as a crowded environment that counteracts molecular diffusion

144 The movement through the cytoplasm-a crowded environment where diffusion is slow-is thought t

145 of sufficient copy numbers of complexes in a crowded environment.

146 iverse biopolymers, creating a heterogeneous crowding environment, the impact of which on RNA folding

147 cumented that humans yawn less frequently in crowded environments and when under direct observation,

148 or how motor proteins behave in these highly crowded environments remains unknown.

149 ry of overflow metabolism based on molecular crowding following the proteomic fractions formulation.

150 However, crowding for a day resulted in neural MS-AFLP fingerprin

151 of how to predict and enhance the wisdom of crowds for real world search tasks and could apply more

152 he influence of hydrogel formation at highly crowded gammaS-WT concentrations up to 500 mg/mL, the pr

153 st how Msh2-Msh3 and Msh2-Msh6 navigate on a crowded genome and suggest how Msh2-Msh3 locates DNA les

154 ic targets via facilitated diffusion along a crowded genome.

155 ential is better compensated when counterion crowding happens.

156 Models of such "crowding" have generally been driven by the phenomenolog

157 ppressor p53 is necessary and sufficient for crowding hypersensitivity.

158 The two whisker maps crowd in a space normally devoted to the contralateral m

159 r human alphaB-crystallin, which is strongly crowded in vivo and inter alia responsible for preventin

160 ro data cannot be simply extrapolated to the crowded in vivo environment.

161 macromolecular crowding, but the effects of crowding in cells are complex and difficult to track.

162 To emulate the effect of crowding in cells, we studied actomyosin cycle reactions

163 of the catalyst structure, caused by steric crowding in the catalyst pocket of one enantiomeric tran

164 of winged offspring produced in response to crowding in this polyphenism.

165 seek to elucidate the role of macromolecular crowding in transcription and translation.

166 Our results demonstrate that macromolecular crowding in two dimensions can play a significant role i

167 The probe with the highest sensitivity to crowding in vivo yields the same macromolecular volume f

168 ecision account for much of the variation in crowding, including the correlation between crowding and

169 Our results suggest that crowding increases with age.

170 ause milder water deficit and macromolecular crowding induce high alpha-helix levels in vitro, sugges

171 We find that the extent of crowding-induced compaction is dependent not only on cro

172 mbrane-free microcompartments resulting from crowding-induced liquid/liquid phase separation (LLPS) o

173 We conclude that the crowding-induced myosin conformational change plays a ma

174 come: stretch induces cell division, whereas crowding induces extrusion.

175 beings to novel pathogens, particularly the crowd infections that were not part of our evolutionary

176 le changes in CA concentration and molecular crowding influencing self-assembly and the ensemble of s

177 Crowding interferes with basic tasks such as letter and

178 converting creative ideas of the scientific crowd into practice with actionable plans.

179 by strong internal forces arising from being crowded into the small space of the nucleoid.

180 cial crowders, required to simulate cellular crowding, introduce overwhelming interferences to mass s

181 ovocative, the notion that the wisdom of the crowd is superior to any individual has become itself a

182 We show that molecular crowding is a key factor in explaining the switch from O

183 We demonstrate that the effect of protein crowding is critically dependent on the stability of the

184 ns, demonstrating that the effect of protein crowding is highly dependent on the stability of the pro

185 -type cells causes their compaction and that crowding is sufficient for scrib(KD) cell elimination.

186 riven microtubule sliding can be reversed by crowding it with non-Cut7 proteins.

187 Instead, molecular crowding itself completely alters the mechanism by which

188 g tomograms of cellular environments at high crowding levels and assess the DoG particle picking meth

189 With increasing macromolecular crowding levels, the precision of particle picking remai

190 Observers' percepts of crowd lifelikeness are well predicted by independent obs

191 rceptual errors that are reported across the crowding literature.

192 icant ecological effects is encouraging for "crowded" marine environments.

193 Age-related changes in crowding may in part explain slower reading in older adu

194 ations between reading speed and each of the crowding measures.

195 ealed that at the same membrane tension, the crowding mechanism requires far higher protein coverage

196 determined their dynamic features within the crowding membrane environment using live-cell fluorescen

197 We present a framework to generate crowded mixtures of macromolecular complexes for realist

198 As predicted by a crowding model, proteins compete for binding to the surf

199 that protein interactions and the extent of crowding modulate the lifetimes of the excited state in

200 by random co-localization incidents between crowded molecular species and the intrinsic heterogeneit

201 igher per capita birth rates, more household crowding, more children per family, and lower rates of s

202 This volume reduction increases the crowded nature of the cytoplasm, which is expected to af

203 rapidly moving, sub-diffraction objects in a crowded, noisy environment.

204 The findings reveal a new role for the crowded nuclear environment in facilitating DNA damage d

205 s critical biophysical insights into nuclear crowding, nucleic acid based pharmaceutical development,

206 Applied among a crowd of Gentle Boost ensembles, the ability of the two

207 zyme are only the tip of an iceberg hiding a crowd of insoluble aggregates.

208 t shows the transition from overscreening to crowding of counterions at the interface at the highest

209 umed to be anomalous due high macromolecular crowding of the milieu.

210 Crowding of the viral interior influences the DNA and pr

211 ould be able to perceive the lifelikeness of crowds of objects.

212 ty to make accurate and rapid assessments of crowds of objects.

213 mance when looking for each identity in the "crowd" of another morphed face in a separate search task

214 ) to compare the effect of acute and chronic crowding on DNA methylation in the central nervous syste

215 al approaches to test the effect of synaptic crowding on receptor movement and positioning in Sprague

216 bility to formally investigate the effect of crowding on the main outcome.

217 of stepping direction is the degree of motor crowding on the microtubule lattice, with greater crowdi

218 The observed effects of macromolecular crowding on the myosin-ligand interaction cannot be expl

219 ligand-binding head to the membrane repel or crowd one another and regulate conformational equilibria

220 (eg, food insecurity, perinatal infections, crowded or rural living conditions, and interpersonal vi

221 tively from that observed in the presence of crowding or adsorption alone.

222 tic influence of curvature on the collective crowding or spreading of tissue-synthesizing cells induc

223 Macromolecular crowding ought to stabilize folded forms of proteins, th

224 arch has shown that extrinsic incentives can crowd out intrinsic motivation in many contexts.

225 Consistent with these hypotheses, crowding out was driven by those who donated higher amou

226 roborates the mediating role of attention in crowding out.

227 cern if the large number of older scientists crowds out younger scientists, making it difficult for t

228 cal paradigm that allows systematic study of crowded perception within the orientation domain, and we

229 we present a unifying computational model of crowding phenomena that reconciles conflicting explanati

230 Our goal was not to model all crowding phenomena, such as the release from crowding wh

231 n microscopy suggests that the PSD is highly crowded, potentially restricting the diffusion of recept

232 re major determinants of vesicle mobility in crowded presynaptic terminals.

233 In particular, random collisions among crowded proteins generate substantial pressure, which if

234 In vitro studies show that macromolecular crowding, rather than changes in monolayer lipid composi

235 We find that crowd-reared and solitary-reared locusts show markedly d

236 rprints that were clearly distinct from both crowd-reared and uncrowded solitary-reared locusts.

237 Our results show that macromolecular crowding reduces noise (as measured by the kurtosis of t

238 ed only in the two grains within the current crowding region, where high density and divergence of el

239 mbers, triggering extrusion and apoptosis in crowded regions and cell division in sparse regions.

240 We found that the amount of crowding required to induce membrane curvature is correl

241 when competing speakers are present, as in a crowded restaurant.

242 evels of background noise that approximate a crowded restaurant.

243 ignal intensities of myoglobin peptides from crowded samples containing 300 g L(-1) Ficoll and from u

244 rster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based crowding-sensitive probes and investigate the role of th

245 test particle-picking methods in a realistic crowded setting.

246 Our model is generally applicable to other crowded settings.

247 ks (ie, close-up work or finding things on a crowded shelf), mobility (ie, walking down steps, stairs

248 In contrast, the less crowded Sn(II) hydride [Ar((i)Pr4)Sn(mu-H)]2 (Ar((i)Pr4)

249 While conversing in a crowded social setting, a listener is often required to

250 Moreover, in a crowded solution, the chemical potential depends on the

251 We call for researchers to crowd source large image libraries of common cell lines

252 for the design and implementation of future crowd-sourced citizen science initiatives.

253 We therefore organized the crowd-sourced DREAM Olfaction Prediction Challenge.

254 m other regulatory resources by facilitating crowd-sourced interpretation and annotation of regulator

255 tein-based materials, glycoprotein modeling, crowd-sourced science, RNA processing, hydrogen bond net

256 veillance systems expand to include digital, crowd-sourced, and social network data, public health ag

257 This collaborative crowd-sourcing initiative invited scientists from around

258 o accelerate specific reactions within their crowded space.

259 Altogether, we demonstrate that crowding, spatial localization, and saccadic precision s

260 to complex multiplets and severe overlap in crowded spectra, greatly complicating their measurement.

261 Direct application of PCA to crowded spectra, images, and movies (without selecting p

262 ge subunits (>150 residues), the analysis of crowded spectral data presents a challenge, even if thre

263 ken the binding of RT to DNA while increased crowding strengthens the binding.

264 develop pericardial edema when challenged by crowding stress or exposed to elevated cortisol stress,

265 ties required for high resolution of densely crowded structures.

266 ons even though these play a crucial role in crowded systems.

267 We report that both saccade precision and crowded-target reports vary idiosyncratically across the

268 y the phenomenological misidentifications of crowded targets: using stimuli that do not easily combin

269 al reports that underlie performance in this crowding task more generally: aggregate errors cannot be

270 tuations in which a large majority of agents crowd temporarily for a few resources, leaving many othe

271 more detailed readouts on the macromolecular crowding than a single sensor.

272 arameters consistent with the extreme steric crowding that previously has given unusual (C5Me5)(-) re

273 saccharides, substantially ordered by glycan crowding, that encase the protein component of Env and e

274 can affect processes ranging from acuity and crowding (the deleterious effect of clutter on object re

275 Crowding, the inability to recognize objects in clutter,

276 Upon self-crowding, the population of this robust surface hydratio

277 Since Galton's discovery of the "wisdom of crowds", theories of collective intelligence have sugges

278 When epithelial cells become too crowded, they activate the stretch-activated channel Pie

279 tial organization of molecular assemblies in crowded three-color super-resolution (SR) images.

280 alphaS can be tuned by two-dimensional (2D) crowding through simultaneous binding of a second protei

281 However, the contribution of macromolecular crowding to receptor retention remains poorly understood

282 o a backpack to facilitate measurement under crowded transportation conditions and to quantify person

283 he effective membrane viscosity or molecular crowding upon membrane bending.

284 al questions regarding the effect of protein crowding, using gammaS-WT and gammaS-G18V: (i) how do th

285 The degree of crowding was determined by measuring crowding zone (the

286 assembly of chemically encoded, molecularly crowded, water-rich micro-droplets into periodic defect-

287 crowding phenomena, such as the release from crowding when target and flanks differ in color or depth

288 ty of Hsp90 is highly sensitive to molecular crowding, whereas the ATPase activities of Hsp60 and Hsp

289 volume and subsequent increase in molecular crowding which severely alters the biophysical propertie

290 However, cell cytoplasm is highly crowded, which makes particle detection challenging.

291 any individual has become itself a piece of crowd wisdom, leading to speculation that online voting

292 The field of cluster analysis is crowded with diverse methods that make special assumptio

293 oteins must travel along substrates that are crowded with other proteins.

294 Cells are highly crowded with proteins and polynucleotides.

295 Crowding with conspecifics drives a behavioural transfor

296 We therefore compared crowding with two measures of spatial localization: Land

297 in vitro all the probes can be compressed by crowding, with a magnitude that increases with the probe

298 30%) and larger crowding: an enlargement of crowding zone (an increase by 31%) and shrinkage of the

299 gree of crowding was determined by measuring crowding zone (the distance between a target and flanker

300 We first compared the size of crowding zones with the precision of saccades using an o