ライフサイエンスコーパス: cryptochrome

1 yases) or as UV-A/blue light photoreceptors (cryptochromes).

2 tomorphogenic development by phytochrome and cryptochrome.

3 imulations on plant ( Arabidopsis thaliana ) cryptochrome.

4 as predominantly dependent on blue light and cryptochrome.

5 amolecular flavin-tryptophan radical pair in cryptochrome.

6 this very role in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cryptochrome.

7 ifferentiates aCRY from plant and Drosophila cryptochromes.

8 ient to generate a protein response in plant cryptochromes.

9 adical, as found previously in animal type I cryptochromes.

10 blue light photoreceptors phytochrome B and cryptochromes.

11 tochrome to photoreaction pathways in animal cryptochromes.

12 g phytochromes and blue/UV-A light absorbing cryptochromes.

13 oning phyA but not on other phytochromes and cryptochromes.

14 factor in both photolyases and insect type 1 cryptochromes.

15 cal spin energy-levels of radicals formed in cryptochromes.

16 e diversity of electron-transfer pathways in cryptochromes.

17 The circadian transcriptional repressors cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) and 2 (Cry2) evolved from photolya

18 Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) mediate

19 light suppress hypocotyl growth through the cryptochrome 1 (cry1) and phytochrome B (phyB) photosens

20 The photoreceptor Cryptochrome 1 (cry1) is essential to the induction of g

21 e studying blue light-independent effects of cryptochrome 1 (cry1) photoreceptor, we observed prematu

22 tability via degrading the circadian protein cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), a known target of DDB1 E3 ligase.

23 , a red/far-red absorbing photoreceptor, and cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), a UV-A/blue photoreceptor.

24 ), neuronal PAS domain protein 2 (Npas2) and cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), as part of the same complex as RO

25 We measured period 2 (Per2), cryptochrome 1 (Cry1), brain and muscle arnt-like protei

26 The mammalian clock protein, cryptochrome 1 (CRY1), is degraded via the FBXL3-mediate

27 rylates and destabilizes the clock component cryptochrome 1 (CRY1).

28 complex, defined by the core clock proteins cryptochrome 1 (CRY1):CLOCK:BMAL1, plays an important ro

29 In mice, genetic loss of cryptochrome 1 and/or 2 results in glucose intolerance a

30 uced FADH(.) radical in isolated Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 by transient absorption spectroscopy on n

31 light-sensitive proteins opsin (OPN)5 and/or cryptochrome 1, because populations of OPN5-positive and

32 psis cryptochromes, Blue light Inhibitors of Cryptochromes 1 and 2 (BIC1 and BIC2), inhibit cryptochr

33 er phototropins 1 and 2 (phot1 and phot2) or cryptochromes 1 and 2 (cry1 and cry2) exposed to a backg

34 Genomically, cryptochromes 1 and 2 associate with a glucocorticoid re

35 re we show that two circadian co-regulators, cryptochromes 1 and 2, interact with the glucocorticoid

36 esses the potential blue light photopigments cryptochromes 1 and 2.

37 We identified BIC1 (blue-light inhibitor of cryptochromes 1) as an inhibitor of plant cryptochromes

38 approach, termed Clustering Indirectly using Cryptochrome 2 (CLICR), for spatiotemporal control over

39 In previous work, we used cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and CIB1, Arabidopsis proteins tha

40 ced dimerization between two plant proteins, cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) and the transcription factor CIBN,

41 ollability of CRY2-based optogenetic systems.Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) can form light-regulated CRY2-CRY2

42 Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) can simultaneously undergo light-d

43 Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) is a blue light receptor that medi

44 Here we show that photoexcited Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) is phosphorylated in vivo on as ma

45 Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) mediate blue light inhibition of h

46 Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) mediates photoperiodic promotion o

47 ptogenetic system using Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) protein and the N-terminal domain

48 We found that Arabidopsis cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) undergoes blue light-dependent hom

49 The Arabidopsis photoreceptor cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) was previously used as an optogene

50 The current study examined Cryptochrome 2 (CRY2), a core circadian gene and transcr

51 ent interactions with engineered Arabidopsis Cryptochrome 2 (Cry2).

52 tion/oligomerization property of A. thaliana Cryptochrome 2 (Cry2).

53 action modules based on Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome 2 and CIB1 that require no exogenous ligand

54 saltator and show the clock genes period and cryptochrome 2 are rhythmically expressed in both tissue

55 Transcript encoding cryptochrome 2 declined in high light while some transcr

56 genetic method based on Arabidopsis thaliana cryptochrome 2 for rapid and reversible protein oligomer

57 to simultaneously suppress a mammalian-type cryptochrome 2 gene that promotes the diapause program.

58 DNA-binding domain with the light-sensitive cryptochrome 2 protein and its interacting partner CIB1

59 us feedback between Par domain protein 1 and Cryptochrome 2 then orchestrates expression of downstrea

60 -induced transcription of BICs to inactivate cryptochromes 548 III.

61 In both cases, the presumed receptor is cryptochrome, a protein thought to be responsible for ma

62 the basis of the activity of the animal-like cryptochrome aCRY in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinha

63 lue and red light exposure, this animal-like cryptochrome (aCRY) alters the light-dependent expressio

64 The animal-like cryptochrome (aCRY) of the green alga Chlamydomonas rein

65 We conclude that cryptochrome activation is consistent with a mechanism o

66 In plant protoplasts, cryptochrome activation results in rapid increase in ROS

67 nd ROS accumulate in the plant nucleus after cryptochrome activation.

68 results suggest that compounds that enhance cryptochrome activity may provide therapeutic benefit to

69 Mutant cryptochrome alleles that are non-functional in photomor

70 Recently, it has been shown that cryptochromes also synthesize reactive oxygen species (R

71 ydomonas throughout) has both an animal-like cryptochrome and a plant cryptochrome (pCRY; formerly de

72 the core circadian clock proteins including cryptochrome and by regulation at the posttranslational

73 ght absorbing photoreceptors phytochrome and cryptochrome and mediated by hormones such as auxin and/

74 roteins act as transcriptional activators of Cryptochrome and Period genes, which encode proteins tha

75 molecular mechanisms of interaction between cryptochrome and phytochrome photoreceptors.

76 Light perceived by the root photoreceptors, cryptochrome and phytochrome, suppressed COP1-mediated S

77 reinhardtii with sequence homology to animal cryptochromes and (6-4) photolyases.

78 Stimulation of AMPK destabilized cryptochromes and altered circadian rhythms, and mice in

79 tein-protein interaction of phytochromes and cryptochromes and common signaling molecules of these ph

80 ed electron transfer is a robust property of cryptochromes and more intricate than commonly anticipat

81 Cryptochromes and photolyases are flavoproteins that und

82 veal a mechanism underlying the co-action of cryptochromes and phytochromes to coordinate plant growt

83 volutionarily conserved in the C terminus of cryptochromes and that class III PDZ-binding sites are s

84 unusual bent configuration in photolyase and cryptochrome, and such a folded structure may have a fun

85 ssical photoreceptors, such as phytochromes, cryptochromes, and phototropins, ZEITLUPE (ZTL), FLAVIN-

86 lizing flavin adenine dinucleotide) domains, cryptochromes, and phytochromes, enabling control of ver

87 oth photoreceptors, such as phytochromes and cryptochromes, and sugar production by photosynthesis.

88 ransfer reactions in Drosophila melanogaster cryptochrome are indeed influenced by magnetic fields of

89 o-induced flavin-tryptophan radical pairs in cryptochrome are indeed magnetically sensitive.

90 s and the magnetic sensitivity of Drosophila cryptochrome are interpreted in terms of the radical pai

91 Cryptochromes are blue light receptors that regulate var

92 Cryptochromes are blue light receptors with multiple sig

93 Cryptochromes are blue-light receptors that regulate dev

94 All cryptochromes are currently classified as flavoproteins.

95 Cryptochromes are evolutionarily conserved blue light re

96 Animal and plant cryptochromes are evolutionarily divergent, although the

97 Cryptochromes are flavin-binding proteins that act as bl

98 Cryptochromes are flavoproteins encountered in most vege

99 Cryptochromes are flavoproteins that act as sensory blue

100 Cryptochromes are flavoproteins that drive diverse devel

101 Cryptochromes are flavoproteins, structurally and evolut

102 Cryptochromes are known as flavin-binding blue light rec

103 Type I animal cryptochromes are photoreceptors that entrain an organis

104 Plant cryptochromes are photosensory receptors that regulate v

105 Cryptochromes are widespread blue-light absorbing flavop

106 the cryptochrome/photolyase family and that cryptochromes are, therefore, tailored to potentially fu

107 However, the role of cryptochrome as a magnetoreceptor remains controversial

108 ntify the circadian blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME as a molecular regulator of PMW, and propos

109 nd expands the paradigm of flavoproteins and cryptochromes as blue light sensors to include other lig

110 e a significant impact on the viability of a cryptochrome-based magnetic compass sensor.

111 explore the behavior of realistic models of cryptochrome-based radical pairs.

112 domonas reinhardtii has extended our view on cryptochromes, because it responds also to other wavelen

113 that two negative regulators of Arabidopsis cryptochromes, Blue light Inhibitors of Cryptochromes 1

114 dexamethasone-induced genes, suggesting that cryptochromes broadly oppose glucocorticoid receptor act

115 escribed for several photolyases and related cryptochromes, but no correlation between phylogeny and

116 ved to a component in the signaling of plant cryptochromes by mediating the interaction with the CCT.

117 n adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor, and a cryptochrome C-terminal extension (CCT), which is essent

118 eld of FADH degrees formation in Arabidopsis cryptochrome can be strongly modulated by ATP binding an

119 may also participate in the phytochrome and cryptochrome coaction.

120 rs PIFs, would partially explain phytochrome-cryptochrome coactions.

121 Cryptochromes constitute a group of flavin-binding blue

122 ts reveal a specific mechanism through which cryptochromes couple the activity of clock and receptor

123 he results show that the core clock proteins cryptochrome (CRY) 1 and 2 repressed inflammation within

124 The blue-light photoreceptors, cryptochrome (CRY) 2 and phototropin (PHOT) 2, are requi

125 feedback loops (TTFL) in which expression of Cryptochrome (Cry) and Period (Per) genes is inhibited b

126 r acts as the transcriptional activator, and Cryptochrome (CRY) and Period (PER) proteins function as

127 l activators CLOCK and BMAL1, and repressors Cryptochrome (CRY) and Period (PER).

128 ke 1 (BMAL1), and transcriptional repressors cryptochrome (CRY) and period (PER).

129 geomagnetic field modulates the activity of cryptochrome (CRY) by influencing photochemical radical

130 Molecularly, the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) dampens temperature-induced PERIOD (P

131 Blue light activation of the photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) evokes rapid depolarization and incre

132 The cryptochrome (CRY) flavoproteins act as blue-light recep

133 phase shifting begins with photon capture by CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) followed by rapid TIMELESS (TIM) degr

134 eedback on core clock genes Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) following nuclear entry of their prot

135 ivate the expression of the period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY) genes acting as transcription factors

136 onal feedback loop in which period (Per) and cryptochrome (Cry) genes are negatively regulated by the

137 al feedback loops, in which Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) genes are negatively regulated by the

138 Zebrafish are known to have six cryptochrome (cry) genes but their evolutionary relation

139 oops in which expression of Period (Per) and Cryptochrome (Cry) genes is periodically suppressed by t

140 y high levels of the circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) in large ventral lateral neurons (l-L

141 dian repression of CLOCK-BMAL1 by PERIOD and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) in mammals lies at the core of the ci

142 Cryptochrome (CRY) is a blue-light sensitive flavoprotei

143 Cryptochrome (CRY) is a core clock protein that plays an

144 Cryptochrome (Cry) is a key protein in the negative arm

145 In Drosophila, CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) is a major photoreceptor that mediate

146 Cryptochrome (CRY) is expressed in most brain clock neur

147 Cryptochrome (CRY) is the primary circadian photorecepto

148 Cryptochrome (CRY) is the principal light sensor of the

149 absence of the core clock component protein cryptochrome (CRY) leads to constitutive elevation of pr

150 Drosophila melanogaster CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) mediates behavioral and electrophysio

151 were also observed in phytochrome (phy) and cryptochrome (cry) mutant backgrounds.

152 as found that disruption of the clock by the Cryptochrome (Cry) mutation in mice did not increase can

153 In mammals, the PERIOD (PER) and CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) proteins accumulate, form a large nuc

154 The Cryptochrome (CRY) proteins are critical components of t

155 In Drosophila, the blue-light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) synchronizes these feedback loops to

156 period-shortening molecules that target the cryptochrome (CRY) were thus discovered.

157 linked core clock proteins period (PER) and cryptochrome (CRY), respectively.

158 ensor in pacemaker neurons, the flavoprotein cryptochrome (Cry), responds only to high levels of ligh

159 ted by a static EMF, and this is mediated by cryptochrome (CRY), the blue-light circadian photorecept

160 ks also require the blue light photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY), which is required for both light ent

161 The eyelets antagonize Cryptochrome (CRY)- and compound-eye-based photoreceptio

162 photosensory pigments, phytochrome (PHY) or cryptochrome (CRY).

163 rille (VRI), PAR-protein domain1 (PDP1), and cryptochrome (CRY).

164 ll molecule that specifically interacts with cryptochrome (CRY).

165 corresponding to the spectral sensitivity of CRYPTOCHROME (CRY).

166 hemical reactions involving the flavoprotein cryptochrome (CRY).

167 ultraviolet (UV)-A/blue light photoreceptor cryptochrome (Cry).

168 eptor (PDFR) and the circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY).

169 Plant cryptochromes (cry) act as UV-A/blue light receptors.

170 s have provided evidence that photosensitive Cryptochromes (Cry) are involved in the response to magn

171 Cryptochromes (CRY) are photolyase-like blue-light recep

172 ila, Arabidopsis, Synechocystis, Human)-type cryptochromes (cry-DASH) belong to a family of flavoprot

173 ntrolled, in part, by the genes encoding the cryptochromes Cry1 and Cry2.

174 activators, Clock and Bmal1, which stimulate cryptochrome (Cry1 and Cry2) and Period (Per1, Per2 and

175 Plant cryptochrome (cry1 and cry2) biological activity has bee

176 racellular molecular circadian clock and the Cryptochromes (CRY1/2), key transcriptional repressors o

177 p in which transcriptional repression by the cryptochromes, CRY1 and CRY2, lies at the heart of the m

178 s governing the localized recruitment of the Cryptochrome CRY2 to its membrane-anchored CIBN partner.

179 Cryptochromes (CRYs) are blue-light photoreceptors with

180 Cryptochromes (CRYs) are powerful transcriptional repres

181 Higher plant cryptochromes (CRYs) control how plants modulate growth

182 Circadian control occurs through cryptochromes (CRYs)-transcriptional repressors and comp

183 V A light-absorbing phototropins (phots) and cryptochromes (crys).

184 Drosophila CRYPTOCHROME (dCRY) is involved in light synchronization

185 eptor of the fly circadian clock, Drosophila cryptochrome (dCRY), contains a C-terminal tail (CTT) he

186 cocorticoids in mouse embryonic fibroblasts: cryptochrome deficiency vastly decreases gene repression

187 oxykinase 1 gene was strikingly increased in cryptochrome-deficient livers.

188 rms that ein2 enhances both phytochrome- and cryptochrome-dependent responses in a LONG1-dependent ma

189 g this novel functional assay, we identify a cryptochrome differentiating alpha-helical domain within

190 me function by blocking blue light-dependent cryptochrome dimerization.

191 form of the action spectrum, suggesting that cryptochrome does not function as a photopigment in the

192 n of the diverse functions of the photolyase/cryptochrome family of flavoproteins and offer new oppor

193 animal (6-4) photolyases, as well as animal cryptochromes, feature a chain of four tryptophan residu

194 ical pair mechanism is thought to operate in cryptochrome flavoproteins in the retina.

195 ence of structural resemblance to the native cryptochrome fold or sequence, the maquettes exhibit a s

196 ages of signaling-state formation in a plant cryptochrome from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardt

197 We have investigated a cryptochrome from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardt

198 agnetic resonance spectroscopic study of two cryptochromes from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Drosoph

199 yptochromes 1 and 2 (BIC1 and BIC2), inhibit cryptochrome function by blocking blue light-dependent c

200 aging agents and suggests that disruption of cryptochrome function may increase the sensitivity of tu

201 Cryptochromes function in animal circadian regulation.

202 oach on targeting the type 2 vertebrate-like cryptochrome gene of the monarch (designated cry2), whic

203 k loop, whereby expression of the Period and Cryptochrome genes is negatively regulated by their prot

204 hich CLOCK and BMAL1 activate the Period and Cryptochrome genes, which then feedback and repress thei

205 1 and repressors encoded by PER (Period) and Cryptochrome genes.

206 ich transactivation of Per (period) and Cry (cryptochrome) genes by BMAL1-CLOCK complexes is suppress

207 force that ensures fast electron transfer in cryptochrome guaranteeing formation of a persistent radi

208 The photoreceptor protein cryptochrome has risen to prominence as a candidate magn

209 Plant cryptochromes have found application as photoswitches in

210 n that outer retinal degenerate mice lacking cryptochromes have lower nonvisual photic sensitivity th

211 the protein kinases that phosphorylate plant cryptochromes have remained unclear.

212 ting evidence, it is still not clear whether cryptochromes have the properties required to respond to

213 wo types of photoreceptors (i.e., opsins and cryptochromes) have been discovered in metazoans.

214 Plant cryptochrome I forms a pocket at the same site that coul

215 tinal degenerate mice, suggesting a role for cryptochrome in inner retinal photoreception.

216 Loss of cryptochrome in retinal degenerate mice reduces the sens

217 mplications for the putative role of Type II cryptochromes in animal photomagnetoreception.

218 Our findings establish distinct roles for cryptochromes in intrinsic apoptosis induced by UV mimet

219 merization governs homeostasis of the active cryptochromes in plants and other evolutionary lineages.

220 does not necessarily alter photoreactions of cryptochromes in vivo.

221 hey could explain unique functions of animal cryptochromes, in particular their potential roles in ma

222 coefficient 10-100 times that of opsins and cryptochromes, indicating that LITE-1 is highly efficien

223 means of simulations of the spin dynamics of cryptochrome-inspired radical pairs, we show that the ne

224 (CRY2) protein and the N-terminal domain of cryptochrome-interacting basic-helix-loop-helix (CIBN).

225 ssinosteroid enhanced expression2 (BEE2) and cryptochrome-interacting bHLH (CIB1) partially inhibits

226 by rearrangement of polar side groups in the cryptochrome interior, can yield a FAD-Trp radical pair

227 Cryptochrome is a blue light receptor that acts as a sen

228 We argue that cryptochrome is fit for purpose as a chemical magnetorec

229 issing evidence to show that the activity of cryptochrome is sensitive to an external MF that is capa

230 indicating that the green-absorbing form of cryptochrome is the photoreceptor active in limiting the

231 The photoreceptor protein cryptochrome is thought to host, upon light absorption,

232 Cryptochromes lack the DNA-repair activity of the closel

233 that, in contrast to Type I, Type II animal cryptochromes lack the structural features to securely b

234 ws the degradation of the core clock protein Cryptochrome, lengthening the period of the molecular cl

235 The effect of cryptochrome loss on nonvisual photoreception is due to

236 mRNA oscillations of the central clock genes cryptochrome-m and period were delayed by 4.9 and 4.3 h,

237 in photoenzyme photolyase and photoreceptor cryptochrome may exist in an oxidized state and should b

238 We conclude that ROS formation by cryptochromes may indeed be of physiological relevance a

239 Here we show that cryptochromes mediate light activation of transcription

240 r, GBF1, acts as a differential regulator of cryptochrome-mediated blue light signaling.

241 In contrast, under light conditions cryptochrome-mediated photoperception releases nuclear e

242 cultures and in Arabidopsis protoplasts from cryptochrome mutant seedlings.

243 script accumulation patterns are observed in cryptochrome mutants grown with supplemental green light

244 Distinct from other cryptochromes of known structures, mammalian CRY2 binds

245 e blue light receptors phototropin and plant cryptochrome (pCRY).

246 both an animal-like cryptochrome and a plant cryptochrome (pCRY; formerly designated CPH1).

247 k cryptochrome photodimerization or catalyze cryptochrome phosphorylation may also participate in the

248 dition, newly discovered proteins that block cryptochrome photodimerization or catalyze cryptochrome

249 from those of closely related members of the cryptochrome-photolyase family.

250 The cryptochrome/photolyase (CRY/PL) family of photoreceptor

251 contains a single gene for a protein of the cryptochrome/photolyase family (CPF) encoding a cry-DASH

252 al principle inherent to all proteins of the cryptochrome/photolyase family and that cryptochromes ar

253 ght-induced reduction of the FAD cofactor of cryptochrome/photolyase family proteins.

254 branched at the base of the evolution of the cryptochrome/photolyase family.

255 c (6-4) photolyases are the ancestors of the cryptochrome/photolyase family.

256 The cryptochrome/photolyase protein family possesses a conse

257 can act as a magnetic compass; however, the cryptochrome photoreaction pathway is not fully resolved

258 his radical pair design might be realized by cryptochrome photoreceptors if paired with molecular oxy

259 Phytochrome A and cryptochrome photoreceptors stabilize CO in the evening

260 1, because populations of OPN5-positive and cryptochrome-positive cells reside within the caudal die

261 specific time several hours after PERIOD and CRYPTOCHROME protein turnover, but the mechanism underly

262 photo-induced electron transfer reactions in cryptochrome proteins and that their coherent spin dynam

263 agnetic compass is thought to be mediated by cryptochrome proteins in the retina.

264 l intermediates formed by photoexcitation of cryptochrome proteins in the retina.

265 olve radical pairs formed photochemically in cryptochrome proteins in the retina.

266 y components of the intracellular clock, the cryptochrome proteins, unexpectedly increases in the exp

267 ession of its own inhibitors, the PERIOD and CRYPTOCHROME proteins.

268 amics of radical pairs formed transiently in cryptochrome proteins.

269 uced by the addition of green light and that cryptochrome receptors and an unknown light sensor parti

270 However, it remained unclear how cryptochromes regulate the BIC gene activity.

271 Plant cryptochromes regulate the circadian rhythm, flowering t

272 detail, the photochemical behavior of animal cryptochromes remains poorly defined in part because it

273 conclude that nuclear biosynthesis of ROS by cryptochromes represents a new signaling paradigm that c

274 radical pair separation reached establishes cryptochrome's sensitivity to the geomagnetic field thro

275 llular compounds represents a feature of the cryptochrome signaling mechanism that has important cons

276 nce and could represent a novel paradigm for cryptochrome signaling.

277 hogenesis through modulating phytochrome and cryptochrome signaling.

278 Members from the animal (and animal-like) cryptochrome subclade use this process in a light-induce

279 differs from other members of the photolyase-cryptochrome superfamily by an antenna loop that changes

280 The unique biological function of cryptochrome supposedly arises from a photoactivation re

281 tive, photochemical radical pair reaction in cryptochrome that alters levels of neuronal excitation,

282 of cryptochromes 1) as an inhibitor of plant cryptochromes that binds to CRY2 to suppress the blue li

283 The latter means that animal cryptochromes that have a tetrad (rather than a triad) o

284 a magnetic compass because they possess two cryptochromes that have the molecular capability for lig

285 The effect is dependent on cryptochrome, the presence and wavelength of light and i

286 In addition, cryptochromes, the putative magnetoreceptor molecules, a

287 s the universal mechanism for photolyase and cryptochrome, these results imply anionic flavin as the

288 to potentiate the ability of light-activated cryptochrome to increase neuronal action potential firin

289 form of the cofactor in the active state in cryptochrome to induce charge relocation to cause an ele

290 e briefly relate our findings on A. thaliana cryptochrome to photoreaction pathways in animal cryptoc

291 navigational tool, the photoreceptor protein cryptochrome to sense the geomagnetic field.

292 Thus, phosphorylation by AMPK enables cryptochrome to transduce nutrient signals to circadian

293 Recently, the response of cryptochromes to light was extended to nearly the entire

294 Plant cryptochromes undergo blue light-dependent phosphorylati

295 oli photolyase, a protein closely related to cryptochrome which has been proposed to mediate animal m

296 We focus on plant cryptochromes which are blue light sensors regulating th

297 rimary magnetic sensors is the flavoprotein, cryptochrome, which is thought to provide geomagnetic in

298 y photoreceptors, including phytochromes and cryptochromes, which absorb different wavelengths of lig

299 distinct circadian roles of different animal cryptochromes, which also has significant implications f

300 turally unknown but closely related to plant cryptochromes, which serve as blue-light photoreceptors.