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4 utilize extracellular glutamine, leading to cytosolic accumulation of NADH and increased oxidative s
5 defend against infections, whereas aberrant cytosolic accumulation of self-DNA results in pathologic
6 he central precursor for lipid biosynthesis, cytosolic acetyl CoA (Ac-CoA), is produced by ATP-citrat
7 cularly, the citrate-malate shuttle supplies cytosolic acetyl-CoA and plastidic glycolysis and malic
9 er assembly (CIA) system, converting it into cytosolic aconitase (c-acon), but can also involve iron-
10 s how discovery of the role of the mammalian cytosolic aconitase, known as iron regulatory protein 1
11 VASP on site-specific, lamellipodial versus cytosolic actin assembly and resulting consequences on p
15 5 and SNAP23 are proteins that are initially cytosolic after translation, but then become stably atta
17 ol (PI) species, directly interacts with the cytosolic amino terminal (NT) domain of the yeast Golgi
18 sphorylation of a conserved threonine in the cytosolic AMT1 C terminus, which allosterically inactiva
21 at Ca(2+) release from nj-SR is activated by cytosolic and luminal Ca(2+) (tandem RyR activation) via
22 is based on tandem activation of the RyRs by cytosolic and luminal Ca(2+) through a 'fire-diffuse-upt
23 ochondria, our results support a view of the cytosolic and mitochondrial dNTP pools in frequent excha
24 ates that form under heat shock contain both cytosolic and mitochondrial proteins and interact with t
27 hways are predominantly bacterial, but their cytosolic and nuclear target Fe/S proteins are mainly ar
28 olic pathways were identified, including the cytosolic and plastidic isoprenoid and the phenylpropano
29 2+) transient loss without marked changes in cytosolic and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) levels, like
30 ribution of DAD amplitude and timing include cytosolic and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ concentrations
32 ) 21 as an intracellular Fc receptor linking cytosolic antibody recognition to the ubiquitin proteaso
34 permeases similarly involves unmasking of a cytosolic Art1-target region coupled to activation of Ar
37 ties by catalyzing unregulated conversion of cytosolic ATP to the key second messenger molecule cAMP.
40 N-methyltransferase (NNMT) is a fundamental cytosolic biotransforming enzyme that catalyzes the N-me
42 es protein synthesis of the myofibrillar and cytosolic, but not the mitochondrial fraction, in muscle
44 nels from Tric-a KO mice respond normally to cytosolic Ca(2+) , ATP, adenine, caffeine and to luminal
45 t cations, although they respond normally to cytosolic Ca(2+) , ATP, caffeine and luminal Ca(2+) .
48 lsa6f, which permits real-time monitoring of cytosolic Ca(2+) along with cell motility, we show that
49 ntial plateau, as well as by the increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) associated with the Ca(2+) transient it
50 induced concentration-dependent increases in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]c), which was in
52 alpha1D reduced the migration and the basal cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration of HCT116 colon cancer ce
53 subsets of transporters associated with free cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration that represent key target
55 Transient and highly regulated elevations of cytosolic Ca(2+) control a variety of cellular processes
56 does not contribute significantly to shaping cytosolic Ca(2+) except during prolonged repetitive firi
57 dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) transduces cytosolic Ca(2+) flux into enzymatic activity, but how t
58 zing a novel ratiometric genetically encoded cytosolic Ca(2+) indicator, Salsa6f, which permits real-
59 red respiratory capacity, while induction of cytosolic Ca(2+) is sufficient to attenuate thermogenic
61 ed a slowly developing dilation at unchanged cytosolic Ca(2+) levels in potassium chloride-constricte
62 tive stress, we identified two regulators of cytosolic Ca(2+) levels, transient receptor potential A1
64 thermogenic gene expression, indicating that cytosolic Ca(2+) mediates mitochondria-nucleus crosstalk
65 , we describe a mechanism by which increased cytosolic Ca(2+) negatively regulates adipokine secretio
66 T116 colon cancer cell line and modified the cytosolic Ca(2+) oscillations induced by the sodium/calc
68 localized AGPs as the source of tip-focussed cytosolic Ca(2+) oscillations: Hechtian adhesion between
70 e results highlight a potential link between cytosolic Ca(2+) signaling and the posttranslational con
72 pathway is an important route for generating cytosolic Ca(2+) signals that regulate a diverse array o
73 omone, budding yeast cells undergo a rise of cytosolic Ca(2+) that is mediated by two import systems
74 that Ca(2+) release from j-SR resulted in a cytosolic Ca(2+) transient of higher amplitude compared
75 o a blunted increase in the concentration of cytosolic Ca(2+), activation-dependent increases of alph
76 optimized for cell tracking while monitoring cytosolic Ca(2+), and a transgenic Ca(2+) reporter mouse
77 s been associated with abnormal increases in cytosolic Ca(2+), mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired au
81 odel with regard to reactive oxygen species, cytosolic Ca2+ (Ca2+c), and heterotrimeric G-protein sig
82 cerk1 plants had an irregular increase of cytosolic calcium ([Ca(2+) ]cyt ) after NaCl treatment.
84 ncer-like phenotype is promoted by increased cytosolic calcium ([Ca(2+)]cyto), aerobic glycolysis, an
85 itochondrial axonal transport in response to cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) levels ([Ca2+]c) and mitochondr
88 fission is disabled, AC-induced increase in cytosolic calcium is blunted owing to mitochondrial calc
89 ilization (LMP), a sustained accumulation of cytosolic calcium, and eventually cell death in pancreat
91 ntracellular signaling via second messengers-cytosolic calcium, reactive oxygen species, and nitric o
95 , secretory autophagy utilizes a specialized cytosolic cargo receptor and a dedicated SNARE system.
97 coordinate the function of ER-associated and cytosolic chaperone systems in protein quality control.
101 ures that are typical of eukaryotes, such as cytosolic compartmentalization and endocytosis-like macr
102 yomavirus SV40, a decisive infection step, a cytosolic complex composed of Hsc70-SGTA-Hsp105 was prev
103 Inflammasomes are high-molecular-weight cytosolic complexes that mediate the activation of caspa
106 clear uptake allows development of a nuclear/cytosolic concentration gradient against a background of
108 tophagy coordinates lysosomal destruction of cytosolic constituents and is systemically induced by st
111 ores represent conduits for the secretion of cytosolic cytokines under conditions of cell hyperactiva
115 a panel of polymer carriers toward efficient cytosolic delivery of model proteins on a plate reader.
117 oaded with photoresponsive polymers, we show cytosolic delivery of small molecules with the spatial r
118 hanistically, the PC7A NP achieves efficient cytosolic delivery of tumour antigens to antigen-present
119 s1a double mutants lacking both PHS1 and the cytosolic DISPROPORTIONATING ENZYME2 (DPE2) displayed on
120 uired for antimicrobial host defense through cytosolic distribution of interferon-inducible GTPases.
122 receptors, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, binds to cytosolic DNA and generates dicyclic nucleotides that ac
126 at infection creates an endogenous source of cytosolic DNA in infected cells through the release of m
127 eveal a new signaling axis downstream of the cytosolic DNA pathway and suggest potential interactions
128 of exogenous DNA during infection though the cytosolic DNA receptor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), w
132 Taken together, our results suggest that cytosolic DNA-induced STAT3 activation via IFNbeta and I
133 Moreover, Ser(754) phosphorylation inhibits cytosolic DNA-induced STAT3 transcriptional activity and
134 smic chromatin activates the innate immunity cytosolic DNA-sensing cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthas
138 lated intramembrane proteolysis to release a cytosolic domain containing a basic leucine zipper (bZIP
139 Our experiments with full-length Cya and its cytosolic domain link the mutations to protein stability
140 nsor-like domain is linked to the pore via a cytosolic domain that we term the mucolipin domain.
141 tination was markedly stimulated by the GDU1 cytosolic domain, suggesting that GDU1 functions as an a
144 TRPM4 consists of multiple transmembrane and cytosolic domains, which assemble into a three-tiered ar
146 ive, but several signaling events, including cytosolic efflux and influx of select ions, have been su
147 on transfer process between mitoNEET and the cytosolic electron-donor Ndor1/anamorsin complex, a comp
148 e carboxylase (PEPC) is a tightly controlled cytosolic enzyme situated at a crucial branch point of c
150 omplex antibodies are often directed against cytosolic epitopes of Kv1 subunits and occasionally agai
151 CER1 levels or Alu-RNA accumulation triggers cytosolic escape of mitochondrial DNA, which engages cGA
152 d a flow-cytometry-based assay that measures cytosolic exchange across the conjugation junction to ra
153 ot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines requires cytosolic expression of the FMDV 3C protease to cleave t
154 acrophages, NLRP3 activation promoted excess cytosolic extrusion of mitochondrial DNA along with incr
155 ediated by tau-associated antibodies and the cytosolic Fc receptor tripartite motif protein 21 (TRIM2
156 limiting IRP1 and IRP2 overaccumulation when cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly is impaired in order to
157 used for metabolic functions, stored within cytosolic ferritin, or exported from the cell via FPN1.
158 nd a significant decrease in the activity of cytosolic FeS enzymes such as aconitase and aldehyde oxi
160 aggregated form at synapses, indicating that cytosolic forms of the protein are likely to be the toxi
161 r blebbing correlated with a 25% decrease in cytosolic free Ca(2+) transient at 30 s after nanoporati
162 tions in both endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and cytosolic free calcium levels are known to play a role i
163 chondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and cytosolic fumarate metabolism, in normal and leukemic he
166 additional phenotype, the ability to support cytosolic growth of the facultative intracellular bacter
170 ed lipolysis requires the phosphorylation of cytosolic hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and perilipin 1
174 successfully heterodimerized with the yeast cytosolic Hsp70s Ssa and Ssb and promoted normal growth,
176 results imply that an ATP/ADP heterodimer of cytosolic Hsp90 is the predominant active state under ph
178 and host cyclic dinucleotides (cdNs) mediate cytosolic immune responses through the STING signaling p
179 when expressed alone, NaStEP remains mostly cytosolic, implicating NaSIPP-mediated translocation of
180 ucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins function as cytosolic innate immune sensors in plants and animals.
184 ntrolled by a set of soluble proteins at the cytosolic interface of the membrane spanning type III se
185 compartments function primarily to decouple cytosolic intermediate concentrations from the concentra
186 ntramembrane cleavage and the release of its cytosolic intracellular domain (CD74-ICD), which regulat
187 olves insertion of a [4Fe-4S] cluster by the cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster assembly (CIA) system, con
188 Ndor1/anamorsin complex, a component of the cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly (CIA) machinery.
191 t marked effects on ascorbate pools, (2) the cytosolic isoforms are particularly important in couplin
193 e, Plasmodium falciparum, we have quantified cytosolic labile heme levels in intact, blood-stage para
194 caused substantial LD loss via activation of cytosolic lipases adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and
195 drenergic (beta-AR)/cAMP pathway to activate cytosolic lipases and induce their recruitment to the LD
196 s suggest that beta-AR stimulation mobilizes cytosolic lipases for LD breakdown in hepatocytes, and p
199 n fluorescent protein demonstrated vesicular cytosolic localization associated with the endoplasmic r
200 nylyl cyclase activator forskolin diminishes cytosolic localization of the Rpl13a snoRNAs through a m
201 unity; however, a major hindrance is STING's cytosolic localization which requires intracellular deli
202 ry confirmed that LOG2 ubiquitinates GDU1 at cytosolic lysines, and GDU1 protein levels decreased upo
203 ophagy is a ubiquitous pathway that degrades cytosolic macromolecules or organelles, as well as intra
204 s as well as activated primary T cells, that cytosolic malate dehydrogenase 1 (MDH1) is an alternativ
205 in mice in 2-day hypoxia and is mediated by cytosolic malate whereas in 10-day hypoxia the rewiring
209 nlighting protein, with two biotin-dependent cytosolic metabolic roles and a distinct biotin-independ
210 but they do not support the hypothesis that cytosolic metabolite availability alters the response of
212 se labeling approach is demonstrated for the cytosolic mutants due to a significantly smaller loss in
213 Omission of extracellular Na(+) prevents the cytosolic Na(+) rise, inhibits NCLX activity, and impair
214 reveal that SOCE is accompanied by a rise in cytosolic Na(+) that is critical in activating the mitoc
215 cells rely on both MDH1 and LDH to replenish cytosolic NAD, and that therapies designed at targeting
218 ors that serve as iron ion chaperones in the cytosolic/nuclear compartment, binding iron at import an
225 we hypothesized that thioredoxin-1 (Trx1), a cytosolic oxidoreductase, could be involved in restoring
226 fense, and inflammasomes represent a central cytosolic pattern recognition receptor pathway leading t
228 on-defective mutants via a pathway requiring cytosolic pattern recognition receptors and NF-kappaB.
229 ger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS) by cytosolic pattern recognition receptors such as NOD-like
230 oplast as the result of enhanced activity of cytosolic PEP carboxylase or by limited supply of energe
231 vating enzyme E1 inhibitor, to block overall cytosolic peptide generation and generation of specific
233 ves binding of newly synthesized proteins by cytosolic peroxisomal biogenesis factor 5 (PEX5) followe
235 of presynaptic terminals, and such shifts in cytosolic pH (pHcyto ) probably influence mechanisms und
236 included measurement of prostaglandin E2 and cytosolic phospholipase A2 activity in membrane fraction
237 ein's ability to induce prostaglandin E2 and cytosolic phospholipase A2 synthesis in patients' fibrob
238 prevented CLR endocytosis and activation of cytosolic PKC and nuclear ERK, which derive from endosom
239 we demonstrate that regulated expression of cytosolic poly(A)-binding protein 1 (PABPC1) modulates p
240 ly on downstream organelles by building up a cytosolic pool that is used to feed target compartments.
241 cuolar EhRab35 and its exchange with soluble cytosolic pool were monitored by fluorescence recovery a
242 dA3, as well as MadB1, partition between the cytosolic pools of motile endomembrane vesicles that col
246 directly interacts with several membrane and cytosolic proteins at neuronal plasma membranes, leading
249 al locations of transport routes for various cytosolic proteins in the 250-nm-wide shaft of live prim
250 el where Hsc70 activity dynamically clusters cytosolic proteins into cargo complexes, allowing transp
253 he interleukin-1 (IL-1) family cytokines are cytosolic proteins that exhibit inflammatory activity up
254 urred during evolution, whenever ancestrally cytosolic proteins were recruited to the secretory pathw
257 cytosolic translation, thus highlighting the cytosolic rather than the mitochondrial ribosome as the
258 sporter, is a novel transporter facilitating cytosolic recognition of TCT, and plays a crucial role i
262 concomitantly exhibited heightened levels of cytosolic ribonuclease activity that corresponded to sub
263 nously generated H2O2 Prx1 is synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes as a preprotein with a cleavable N-t
265 l-terminal region, forms a large two-layered cytosolic ring that extensively interacts with the trans
268 sponse to lysosomal damage, the prototypical cytosolic secretory autophagy cargo IL-1beta is recogniz
273 responsible for SOAT1 that is located on the cytosolic side of the ER, while BeauIII is not accessibl
276 the surface of T lymphocytes that initiates cytosolic signaling cascades upon binding antigens prese
278 en explained either by limited supply of the cytosolic substrate precursor, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)
279 ant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated cytosolic superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) protein between
280 de ions, but NRAMP2 can functionally replace cytosolic superoxide dismutase in yeast, indicating that
281 estraints enable us to position Psb28 on the cytosolic surface of PSII directly above cytochrome b559
283 d catenins, binds directly to the E-cadherin cytosolic tail and thereby localizes at cell-cell adhesi
285 that an amphipathic helix in the C-terminal cytosolic tail of RHD3 has a membrane anchoring ability
286 al change unveils a region of the N-terminal cytosolic tail targeted by the Art1 alpha-arrestin, whic
287 hrough recognition of sorting signals in the cytosolic tails of the cargos by adaptor proteins, leadi
290 that PAR interferes with several aspects of cytosolic translation, thus highlighting the cytosolic r
292 s insight into the molecular organization of cytosolic transport complexes and identifies a novel reg
293 ts altered in the arginine-binding site or a cytosolic tripeptide sequence permanently expose the alp
295 nvolved its dissociation into two parts: the cytosolic V1 and the integral membrane V0 subcomplex.
297 n proteins revealed that DHAR1 and DHAR2 are cytosolic while DHAR3 is chloroplastic, with no evidence
299 cute neuronal death; under these conditions, cytosolic Zn(2+) rises persisted for 10-30 min after OGD
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