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1 e innocuous prodrug metronidazole (MTZ) to a cytotoxin.
2 ruginosa ExoU phospholipase A (PLA) secreted cytotoxin.
3 converting a nontoxic prodrug into a potent cytotoxin.
4 ases the effectiveness of a hypoxia-specific cytotoxin.
5 xicity, establishing ChA3 as a HIF-dependent cytotoxin.
6 ing of an FAP peptide substrate coupled to a cytotoxin.
7 Z were not damaged by H. pylori vacuolating cytotoxin.
8 ng or producing the virulence-enhancing ExoU cytotoxin.
9 exotoxin termed IL4(38-37)-PE38KDEL, or IL-4 cytotoxin.
10 less interesting as a selective hypoxic-cell cytotoxin.
11 osa ExoS is a bifunctional type III-secreted cytotoxin.
12 oduction of NO, a key signaling molecule and cytotoxin.
13 s aeruginosa ExoS is a bifunctional type III cytotoxin.
14 otransporter that acts as an enterotoxin and cytotoxin.
15 onary Th17 response to the secretion of this cytotoxin.
16 ear to be unique among the large clostridial cytotoxins.
17 diterpenoids that were reported to be potent cytotoxins.
18 tes two-component-mediated expression of GBS cytotoxins.
19 antifungals, antihypercholesterolemics, and cytotoxins.
20 he type III secretion system with associated cytotoxins.
21 ent targeting of mammalian cells by type III cytotoxins.
22 mucosa with elaboration of enterotoxins and cytotoxins.
23 l distending toxin (CDT) family of bacterial cytotoxins.
24 strategy in the design of hypoxia-selective cytotoxins.
25 were assessed in vitro as hypoxia-selective cytotoxins.
26 s of ATR and Chk1 represent new hypoxic cell cytotoxins.
27 fragments in microseconds, forming reactive cytotoxins.
28 irulence factors are two large glucosylating cytotoxins.
29 the approach was also used to compare native cytotoxin 3 (CTX III) and its scrambled isomer, another
30 uce two main cytotoxic proteins: Vacuolating cytotoxin A (VacA) and Cytotoxin-Associated gene A (CagA
32 n-vitro experiments showing that vacuolating cytotoxin A affect the regulation of T or B lymphocytes,
33 . pylori infection, and identify vacuolating cytotoxin A and cag pathogenicity island as the bacteria
34 rough many mechanisms, including vacuolating cytotoxin A and CagA activities, and may be predicted ba
36 investigated the interaction of vacuolating cytotoxin A or cytotoxin-associated gene A with cells an
37 previously unknown mechanism of pore-forming cytotoxin action in which pathologic insults are not sol
42 We found that BPSL1549 acted as a potent cytotoxin against eukaryotic cells and was lethal when a
43 bodies raised against the M. bovis hemolysin-cytotoxin also recognized a protein of approximately 98
44 tivated HSCs involved in NASH and that IL-13 cytotoxin ameliorates pathological features of NASH in r
46 potential as a hypoxia-selective tumor-cell cytotoxin and is unlikely to cause major toxicity to wel
51 the parental mAb, including the addition of cytotoxins and imaging agents for medical applications.
52 bitory effects, revealing several new potent cytotoxins and leading to postulates regarding the molec
53 eparation, the disulfide linkages of several cytotoxins and PLA2 could be solved, including more than
54 has a dual role in protecting the brain from cytotoxins and suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of
55 rlying neuronal milieu to host and bacterial cytotoxins and this is likely to contribute to the neuro
56 d cytotoxins, the HpmA hemolysin, a secreted cytotoxin, and proteus toxic agglutinin (Pta), a surface
57 retion system (T3SS); the production of T3SS cytotoxins, and particularly ExoU, has been well establi
59 Lipopolysaccharide, urease, and vacuolating cytotoxin are among the factors that allow H. pylori to
62 for increasing the effectiveness of hypoxic cytotoxins, as it depends on the activation of HIF1 and
64 of use; the enzyme immunoassay replaced the cytotoxin assay because of speed of results and technica
65 excretor (cytotoxigenic culture positive but cytotoxin assay negative) could be used to characterise
66 group 2, cytotoxigenic culture positive and cytotoxin assay negative; and group 3, both reference me
67 One antigen-negative sample positive by the cytotoxin assay only was deemed a false positive based o
68 gorised by reference method result: group 1, cytotoxin assay positive; group 2, cytotoxigenic culture
70 amycin, the standard diagnostic test was the cytotoxin assay, and standard management was to withdraw
71 e bacterium but no free toxin) than does the cytotoxin assay, which detects preformed toxin in faeces
72 ntre study, we did cytotoxigenic culture and cytotoxin assays on 12,420 faecal samples in four UK lab
76 IV secretion system (cag-T4SS) to inject the cytotoxin-associated antigen A (CagA) into host cells ar
79 onstituent that augments disease risk is the cytotoxin-associated gene (cag) pathogenicity island, wh
80 land, cag, that encodes the effector protein cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) and a type four secre
82 of H. pylori that carry the virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) are much more likely
83 tes that the H. pylori virulence determinant cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) has a key oncogenic r
84 ysed for total IgE levels and anti-H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) IgG antibody using co
85 horylation of the H. pylori virulence factor cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) in macrophages result
86 nically isolated H. pylori strain HP238, the cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) isogenic mutant strai
87 udy, we investigated the impact of H. pylori cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA) on the modulation of
89 pylori status groups: H. pylori-positive and cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA)-positive (H. pylori+
91 by populations endemic versus nonendemic for cytotoxin-associated gene A (CagA)-positive Helicobacter
96 m antibodies to H. pylori in general and the cytotoxin-associated gene A protein (CagA) were measured
98 he interaction of vacuolating cytotoxin A or cytotoxin-associated gene A with cells and cell lines in
103 s for C. difficile toxin B by tissue culture cytotoxin B assay (CBA), while only 60 to 85% sensitive
106 Stk1 positively regulates transcription of a cytotoxin, beta-haemolysin/cytolysin (beta-H/C) that is
108 microorganisms and plants, and is used as a cytotoxin by macrophages as part of the innate immune re
109 to unmask colchicine, which acts as a potent cytotoxin by stabilizing microtubules and causing cell d
110 tic infections in humans, delivers bacterial cytotoxins by type III secretion directly into the host
111 sease is linked to the production of a large cytotoxin called the "multifunctional-autoprocessing RTX
112 cytosolic release of an entrapped nano-sized cytotoxin can be achieved with consequent improvement in
113 n enzyme that catalyzes its substrate into a cytotoxin capable of inducing apoptosis, under the Notch
115 make ExoT into a highly versatile and potent cytotoxin, capable of inducing multiple forms of apoptos
116 Treatment of these rats with IL-13R-directed cytotoxin caused a substantial decline in fibrosis and l
117 IL-21 cytokines and perforin and granzyme B cytotoxins, CD4(+) NKT cells from mice deficient in thes
122 of gemcitabine with an interleukin-4 (IL-4) cytotoxin composed of IL-4 and truncated Pseudomonas exo
124 vivo increased their sensitivity to IL-13PE cytotoxin consisting of IL-13 and a truncated form of Ps
126 by other methods that are efficient in their cytotoxin delivery to tumor with reduced dose-limiting t
127 ce-attached needle-like complex that injects cytotoxins directly into eukaryotic cells, causing cellu
128 macokinetic properties by conjugating potent cytotoxins directly to an antibody at a 4:1 or less stoi
130 n cytotoxicity comparable to the ER-targeted cytotoxin eeyarestatin I, and specifically inhibited pro
131 etone, (FFRck) followed by coupling with the cytotoxin EF24 and subsequently fVIIa to give EF-24-FFRm
133 ite associated with the strain-specific ExoU cytotoxin-encoding gene was interrogated and an 80-kb ge
134 ed information on how ExoS or other type III cytotoxins enter and target intracellular host proteins.
136 iated with acute infections express a potent cytotoxin, exoenzyme U (ExoU), that is delivered via the
138 The Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a cytotoxin expressed by many methicillin-resistant Staphy
140 ylori containing a cagA gene associated with cytotoxin expression may protect against the development
142 t can be exploited for the release of potent cytotoxins from inactive prodrugs consisting of an FAP p
143 gene (cagA), the cagA-EPIYA and vacuolating cytotoxin gene (vacA) were typed by PCR and the cagA EPI
145 group acquired mutations in the vacuolating cytotoxin gene vacA, resulting in loss of vacuolization
147 e, cagA, and active forms of the vacuolating cytotoxin gene, vacA, are major determinants of pathogen
151 in encodes Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) cytotoxin genes, belongs to pulsed field gel electrophor
153 trains with nonsense mutations in chlamydial cytotoxins, guaBA-add, and a phospholipase D homolog dev
154 he heteromeric dimer of alpha-cobratoxin and cytotoxin has an activity similar to that of alphaCT-alp
155 n-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), a pore-forming cytotoxin, has garnered attention because of its epidemi
159 The acquired biodata show that 1 is a potent cytotoxin in human tumor cell proliferation assays, dist
164 and NKT cell-derived perforin and granzyme B cytotoxins in promoting CD4(+) NKT cell atherogenicity.
165 To target IL-4R, we have developed IL-4 cytotoxin, in which circular-permuted IL-4 is fused to a
166 vestigate the sensitivity of cancer cells to cytotoxins, including anticancer drugs, we compare the p
168 cells and isolated lungs were protected from cytotoxin-induced death by stimulation of signal transdu
169 considerable molecular knowledge of how this cytotoxin injures the host, the precise host response to
172 S. aureus alpha-hemolysin, a pore-forming cytotoxin, is an essential virulence factor in the patho
173 aphylococcal alpha-hemolysin, a pore-forming cytotoxin, is required for full virulence in a murine se
175 C. difficile colonization, lower intestinal cytotoxin levels and exhibited less severe clinical sign
176 he host defense, and that V. fischeri uses a cytotoxin-like molecule to induce host development.
178 cell lines express receptors for IL-4, IL-4 cytotoxin may be a unique agent for the treatment of Hod
179 These results indicate that IL-4R-targeted cytotoxin may be a useful agent for the management of pa
183 toxic agglutinin (Pta), a surface-associated cytotoxin, mutant analysis was used in conjunction with
189 imens were tested simultaneously by the cell cytotoxin neutralization assay (CCNA) and the Xpert C. d
190 test, to a toxigenic bacterial culture/cell cytotoxin neutralization assay (TBC/CCNA) for the detect
191 ested by the C. Diff Chek-60 GDH antigen and cytotoxin neutralization assays, the Tox A/B II ELISA, a
192 lutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) followed by the cytotoxin neutralization test (CYT) with a turnaround ti
198 roteinaceous receptors for several S. aureus cytotoxins now provides an explanation for the observed
199 xoenzyme T (ExoT) is a bifunctional type III cytotoxin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that possesses both
204 acilitate cell binding and delivery of Yops (cytotoxins of Y. pestis), a novel interaction, distinct
207 pylori strains that express the vacuolating cytotoxin or the outer membrane protein OipA are similar
214 occus aureus alpha-hemolysin (Hla), a potent cytotoxin, plays an important role in the pathogenesis o
221 considered to be the main reservoir for Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157, a caus
226 apeutic delivery include temporal control of cytotoxin release, enzymatic activation of pro-drugs, an
228 as well as overexpression of SpvB, an actin cytotoxin required for Salmonella systemic survival.
229 onses in addition to inducing CTL-associated cytotoxin responses (perforin, granzyme A, granzyme B).
230 tratumoral treatment of these mice with IL-4 cytotoxin resulted in regression of the primary tumor ma
233 significantly larger amounts of the secreted cytotoxins S. pyogenes NADase (SPN) and streptolysin O (
235 ed glioma cells in vitro when coupled to the cytotoxin saporin either directly or via a secondary ant
236 ist-directed cell lesion in the RVM with the cytotoxin, saporin, using either CCK-saporin to target C
237 (RIPs) family (e.g. ricin, abrin) are potent cytotoxins showing a strong lethal activity toward eukar
238 reductase, which converts metronidazole to a cytotoxin, specifically in podocytes under the control o
242 rotein EGF-SubA, which combines EGF with the cytotoxin SubA that has been recently shown to selective
244 igenic Escherichia coli (STEC) use subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) to interfere with adaptive immunity.
246 ty of the ribosome because it is targeted by cytotoxins such as alpha-sarcin and ricin that completel
252 egative bacteria through sensing of tracheal cytotoxin (TCT), whereas PGRP-LCy may have a minor role
253 Convergent total syntheses of the potent cytotoxins (+)-tedanolide (1) and (+)-13-deoxytedanolide
254 ds included enzyme immunoassay (EIA), direct cytotoxin testing, and two- and three-step algorithms us
256 9, and 12 were at least 3-5-fold more potent cytotoxins than control compounds 5 and 15, which lack i
257 (-)-Lomaiviticin A (1) is a C2-symmetric cytotoxin that contains two diazofluorene functional gro
258 gen secretes alpha-hemolysin, a pore-forming cytotoxin that contributes to the pathogenesis of pneumo
259 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ExoT is a type III cytotoxin that functions as an anti-internalization fact
260 ,4-dioxide) is a promising hypoxia-selective cytotoxin that has shown significant activity in advance
264 d to the production of a large repertoire of cytotoxins that target and kill innate immune cells, whi
265 To investigate the roles of two established cytotoxins, the HpmA hemolysin, a secreted cytotoxin, an
266 m of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, is an important cytotoxin, though its mechanism of action is unclear.
267 acts the plasma membrane to deliver type III cytotoxins through a channel formed by PopB, PopD, and P
268 latin/paclitaxel with or without the hypoxic cytotoxin tirapazamine in patients with advanced or meta
271 ococcus aureus employs numerous pore-forming cytotoxins to injure host immune cells and promote infec
272 They are made by the chemical conjugation of cytotoxins to monoclonal antibodies, which can be achiev
273 fically converting a nontoxic prodrug into a cytotoxin, to cancer cells followed by prodrug administr
274 glycosylating Clostridium perfringens large cytotoxin (TpeL toxin) that is devoid of the CROP domain
275 ExoU is a potent Pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxin translocated into host cells by the type III s
278 orter family of proteins, the putative large cytotoxin, type III secretion effectors, stress response
279 tamyl-transpeptidase GGT and the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, are required and sufficient for asthma p
280 tamyl transpeptidase GGT and the vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, contribute critically and nonredundantly
281 proliferative epithelial cell signaling; the cytotoxin VacA, which causes epithelial damage; and an a
284 The Helicobacter pylori toxin vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) promotes gastric colonization, and its
286 bacter pylori secretes an 88-kDa vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) that may contribute to the pathogenesis
288 . pylori MV with and without the vacuolating cytotoxin, VacA, which inhibits human T cell activity.
289 The tpeL gene encoding the large clostridial cytotoxin was localized to the cpb plasmids of some cpe-
293 g an innocuous cellular protein, Crk, into a cytotoxin, which interferes with integrin survival signa
294 GRP78 was depleted using the SubAB subtilase cytotoxin, which rapidly and specifically cleaves BiP/GR
295 nin (Pta) represents a novel autotransported cytotoxin with no bacterial homologues that works optima
297 do not require the direct interaction of the cytotoxin with the organelle, and are independent of the
298 to the characterization of the erdasporines, cytotoxins with a novel carboxy-indolocarbazole TD subst
299 es such as contrast agents, radiotracers, or cytotoxins without interfering with the cell binding pro
300 dent synthesis and localization of the actin cytotoxin, YopE, were shown to be relaxed in DamOP cells
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