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   1 n as a result of stress (e.g., oxidation and deamidation).                                           
     2  consistent with predictions (pI 7.0 for one deamidation).                                           
     3 ll as other stimuli can increase the rate of deamidation.                                            
     4 s in overestimation of the original level of deamidation.                                            
     5 ead-based approaches may increase artificial deamidation.                                            
     6 investigating the structural consequences of deamidation.                                            
     7 th this to determine the extent of glutamine deamidation.                                            
     8 ound to increase linearly with the extent of deamidation.                                            
     9  of the rate-limiting elementary step of Asn deamidation.                                            
    10 vels of covalent damage, including glutamine deamidation.                                            
    11  was used could detect only a single site of deamidation.                                            
    12 odifications: methylation, demethylation and deamidation.                                            
    13 , LNW, SNL, NNF, DNA, GNS, and FNR showed no deamidation.                                            
    14 MAb) has several "hot spots" for spontaneous deamidation.                                            
    15 imensional structure of the antibody reduced deamidation.                                            
    16 essive decreases and changes consistent with deamidation.                                            
    17  MTN1 and MTN2 as putative targets of HopAF1 deamidation.                                            
    18 ese residues are potential targets of HopAF1 deamidation.                                            
    19 activation through amidotransferase-mediated deamidation.                                            
    20 id (Asp) isomerization, and asparagine (Asn) deamidation.                                            
    21 nate mononucleotide suggests a mechanism for deamidation.                                            
  
    23 e these asparagines with aspartate (to mimic deamidation) according to their predicted deamidation ra
  
    25 ntial processes, provide the 0 K barrier for deamidation after accounting for unimolecular decay rate
  
    27 e of the study was to compare the effects of deamidation alone, truncation alone, or both truncation 
  
    29 either aspartyl isomerization or asparaginyl deamidation alters protein structure and potentially bio
    30 underwent both methylation and demethylation/deamidation, although detection of the latter modificati
    31 DNA damage and consequently represses Bcl-xL deamidation and apoptosis, thus giving rise to inappropr
  
  
  
  
    36 dation resulted from three different events, deamidation and isomerization at asparagine 317 (Asn317)
    37 n of the acidic variants can be explained by deamidation and isomerization, suggesting that additiona
  
    39  artificial modifications such as asparagine deamidation and N-terminal glutamine cyclization on prot
    40  Subtle differences of modifications such as deamidation and oxidation between the innovator and bios
    41 ergo chemical changes such as lactosylation, deamidation and protein cross-linking during processing 
  
  
    44 we incorporated the role of CheB in receptor deamidation and the slow fluctuations in receptor methyl
  
    46  maintenance of chaperone activity following deamidation and/or deletion of the N-terminal domain or 
  
  
  
    50 mposition data, lack of evidence for peptide deamidation, and association of alpha1(I) collagen seque
  
  
  
    54 s study, methionine oxidation and asparagine deamidation are the only two modifications identified in
  
    56  used for the determination of the extent of deamidation as a measure of the amount of amide nitrogen
    57 hionine loss with the relative amount of the deamidation, as well as the level of deamidation with gl
    58 he strongly denaturing media that were used; deamidation at Asn67 could enhance that at Asn71, and th
  
  
  
    62 f different extents of oxidation at M207 and deamidation at N184, which could influence the clot lysi
  
  
    65 heavy chain, is of particular interest since deamidation at this site greatly decreases the binding a
  
    67 previously shown that human Bcl-xL undergoes deamidation at two asparaginyl residues and that DNA-dam
    68  to mimic the effects of previously reported deamidations at Q162 in the C-terminal domain and at Q70
    69 tion, the oxidized Fc displayed an increased deamidation (at pH 7.4) rate at the Asn 67 and Asn 96 si
  
    71 l of human Bcl-xL is constantly modulated by deamidation because deamidation, like phosphorylation in
  
  
    74 elation between age of samples and levels of deamidation, but highlighting the effect of local enviro
    75  peptides from ingested cereals, after their deamidation by TG2, induce T-lymphocyte activation accom
    76 rpose of this study was to determine whether deamidation can alter clearance of crystallins by the UP
    77 amidation is catalogued, and the impact that deamidation can have on peptide tandem mass spectra is d
  
    79 ase Dcn1, our data are consistent with NEDD8 deamidation causing enhanced deneddylation of cullins by
    80 des, often the autocatalytic nucleophiles in deamidation, correlated with the rate of degradation.   
  
    82  of a possible 25 asparagine residues showed deamidation, demonstrating the effect of the primary ami
    83 18)O, the formation of isoAsp and Asp by Asn deamidation during sample preparation results in a molec
    84 e first time gamma/alpha-glutamyl isomers of deamidation, encountering a 1.7 gamma/alpha-glutamyl rat
  
  
    87 xin has a preferred enzymatic activity (i.e. deamidation for CNF1 and transglutamination for DNT) as 
  
  
    90   Methodologies for estimating the degree of deamidation from peptide mass spectra are presented, the
  
    92 g this method, we were able to determine the deamidation half-life of amino acid residue Asn55 in viv
    93 uence and biochemical data that suggest that deamidation has been conserved from the simplest extant 
  
    95 ovine ribonuclease A (13,689 Da), only Asn67 deamidation has been demonstrated previously, although o
  
    97 asparagine (Asn), studies on glutamine (Gln) deamidation have been scarce, especially on the differen
    98 ble residues but other modifications such as deamidation have been scarcely reported in the literatur
    99 9) that are predicted to undergo significant deamidation (i.e., to >20%) on time scales comparable to
   100 success in the site-specific quantitation of deamidation in a 14 kDa protein mixture, despite the min
  
  
  
   104 rk shows a method to determine the extent of deamidation in collagen using Fourier transform ion cycl
  
  
  
   108 Despite technological advances, detection of deamidation in large proteins remains a challenge and th
   109 trometry techniques we identified asparagine deamidation in light chain complementarity determining r
   110 motif in a structural loop, this is prone to deamidation in one of the antibodies but not the other. 
  
   112 or "aging." Recent studies implicate protein deamidation in regulating signal transduction in fundame
   113 uctural models of amylin fibers reveals that deamidation in the N-terminal beta-sheet region may be t
   114 t a full molecular description of asparagine deamidation in the Na(+)(Asn) complex by studying its co
   115  This work has been focused on the impact of deamidation in those peptides generated in 12-months dry
   116 ht mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to study deamidation in wool textiles, we identified eight peptid
   117 metry (nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS) data indicated that deamidation in wool's alpha-keratin was influenced by pr
  
  
  
  
  
   123 in why the same enzyme that catalyzes gluten deamidation is also an autoantigen, something that is ha
   124  that adjacent residues exert on the rate of deamidation is catalogued, and the impact that deamidati
  
   126 wn tandem mass spectrometry shows that Asn67 deamidation is extensive before Asn71 and Asn94 react; t
   127 half deamidated before Asn34 reacts, and its deamidation is extensive before that at Gln74 is initiat
  
  
  
  
   132  formed by tissue transglutaminase-catalyzed deamidation, is an important anchor residue as it partic
   133 acid (Asp) isomerization or asparagine (Asn) deamidation, isoaspartic acid (isoAsp, isoD, or beta-Asp
   134 digestions and used to monitor site-specific deamidation, isomerization, and other chemical modificat
  
  
   137 was confirmed upon mutation to stabilize the deamidation lability via a generally applicable orthogon
  
   139    Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the deamidation levels [during storage] and after in vivo ad
   140 ol samples buried for up to 8 years in which deamidation levels were relatively low under short-term 
   141  constantly modulated by deamidation because deamidation, like phosphorylation in other proteins, act
  
   143 oAsp) sites in peptides and proteins via the deamidation-linked isomerization of asparaginyl-Xaa bond
  
  
  
   147  viral deamidase and extends the paradigm of deamidation-mediated suppression of innate immunity by m
  
  
  
  
  
   153 litates detection of PTMs such as oxidation, deamidation, N-terminal pyroglutamic acid formation, and
   154 dentify the gamma/alpha-glutamyl products of deamidation, none of these methods allows the characteri
  
  
  
   158 n to activate several signaling pathways via deamidation of a conserved glutamine residue in the alph
   159 onstitutively activates small Rho GTPases by deamidation of a conserved glutamine residue, and HlyA1 
   160  activate small GTPases of the Rho family by deamidation of a glutamine, which is crucial for GTP hyd
   161 rm, we successfully quantified the levels of deamidation of a humanized monoclonal antibody in cynomo
   162 ion of a mAb, (ii) quantifying the extent of deamidation of a mAb, (iii) providing charge variant inf
  
   164 e with the host cell cycle by catalyzing the deamidation of a specific glutamine residue (Gln40) in N
   165   These 1,014-amino-acid toxins catalyze the deamidation of a specific glutamine residue in RhoA, Rac
  
   167  here a LC/MS/MS method used to evaluate the deamidation of an antibody after in vivo administration.
  
  
  
   171 curs spontaneously in proteins during aging; deamidation of Asn-Gly-Arg (NGR) sites can lead to the f
  
  
  
   175 soAsp, isoD, or beta-Asp), generated via the deamidation of asparagine or isomerization of aspartic a
  
   177 lts from this study suggest that spontaneous deamidation of asparagine residues predicted to occur du
   178 ere investigated, with five derived from the deamidation of asparagine that were confirmed to contrib
  
  
   181  of proteins and peptides is the spontaneous deamidation of asparaginyl residues via a succinimide in
   182  investigated the effect of oxidation on the deamidation of both NGR motifs and, consequently, on the
   183 d for age assessment, it has been shown that deamidation of collagen is remarkably increased in old b
  
   185 T-induced mTORC1 activation proceeds via the deamidation of Galpha(q/11), which leads to the activati
  
  
  
   189 cein-HPHQ(10)RR, and mass accuracy rules out deamidation of glutamine to glutamic acid as an explanat
  
  
   192   In addition, the enzyme is responsible for deamidation of gluten peptides, which are subsequently t
   193 taminase 2 (TG2) catalyzes transamidation or deamidation of its substrates and is ordinarily maintain
   194 ficient homologues (pseudoenzymes) to induce deamidation of key signaling components and evade host i
   195 heD plays an important role in chemotaxis by deamidation of methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein recep
  
  
  
  
   200 n chaperone activity in homomers occurred on deamidation of N123 residue, but it was substantially re
   201 Specifically, the study investigated whether deamidation of one or two sites in alphaA-crystallin (i.
  
  
   204 we show that Dop is not only involved in the deamidation of Pup, but also needed to maintain wild-typ
   205 an emergency situation; however, spontaneous deamidation of purified vaccine antigens has the potenti
   206      In order to explore whether spontaneous deamidation of recombinant protective antigen (rPA)--the
   207 first time that, like mild oxidative stress, deamidation of some proteins makes them preferred substr
  
   209 ed for quantitatively monitoring the in vivo deamidation of the biopharmaceutical monoclonal antibody
   210 ted ELISA method for trastuzumab showed that deamidation of the drug at the CDR leads to a loss of re
   211 oxidation of the same methionine residue and deamidation of the same asparagine in the corresponding 
  
  
  
  
   216  relies on methylation and demethylation (or deamidation) of specific modification sites of the chemo
  
   218 no structural studies of the consequences of deamidation on amyloid fibers, in large part because of 
  
  
  
  
   223 ne, truncation alone, or both truncation and deamidation on structural and functional properties of h
  
   225 ains of isoAsp or Asp; in contrast, inherent deamidation only results in a molecular weight increase 
  
  
   228 es and signals efficiently in the absence of deamidation or methylation, methylation changes, methyla
   229 in digestion method, little protocol-induced deamidation or N-terminal glutamine cyclization product 
  
   231  pupylated proteins results in preferred Pup deamidation over protein depupylation by this enzyme.   
   232 e post-translational modifications including deamidation, oxidation, glycosylation variants, and frag
   233 BCR-ABL and mutant JAK2 inhibit the Bcl-x(L) deamidation pathway and the apoptotic response to DNA da
   234 ssing JAK2V617F compromises the NHE-1/Bcl-xL deamidation pathway by repressing NHE-1 upregulation in 
   235 r abnormalities of the proapoptotic Bcl-x(L) deamidation pathway in primary cells from patients with 
  
  
  
   239 Although differentiation of the isomeric Asn deamidation products (Asp and isoAsp) at the peptide lev
  
   241 ltaneously separate Gln and asparagine (Asn) deamidation products even for those peptides showing mul
   242 rge) overestimation of the concentrations of deamidation products in the original plasma sample.     
   243  be used to generate diagnostic ions for the deamidation products of Asn: aspartic acid (Asp) and iso
  
   245 ially on the differentiation of its isomeric deamidation products: alpha- and gamma-glutamic acid (Gl
   246 ing site-directed mutagenesis to replace six deamidation-prone asparagine residues, at positions 408,
  
  
   249 ic deamidation) according to their predicted deamidation rate, yielding: N26D, N26D/N131D, and N26D/N
   250  both located on the C(H)2 domain, while the deamidation rates of the other residues were not affecte
   251 te analogous to that proposed for asparagine deamidation reactions potentially can contribute, and in
  
  
   254 lational modifications such as oxidation and deamidation, residual leader sequence, and proteolytic c
  
   256 idation from HSV-1 infection, by engineering deamidation-resistant RIG-I or introducing deamidase-def
   257 uction; loss of RIG-I or inhibition of RIG-I deamidation results in elevated cytokine production.    
  
   259 n: a stable signature peptide (FTISADTSK), a deamidation-sensitive signature peptide (IYPTNGYTR), its
  
  
  
   263   In this study the effects of two potential deamidation sites at the monomer-monomer interface on di
   264 as to determine the effects of two potential deamidation sites at the predicted interface of the beta
   265  the 2 Da molecular weight difference at the deamidation sites can only be used to differentiate deam
  
   267 great detail; however, the identification of deamidation sites in a given protein remains a challenge
  
   269 s study, we identified and characterized all deamidation sites in the conserved region of a recombina
   270 e glutamine residues at the reported in vivo deamidation sites of Q180 in the C-terminal domain and a
  
   272    By preparing the acid- and base-catalyzed deamidation standards in H2(18)O, isomer-specific mass t
  
   274 intermediate reaction species for Na(+)(Asn) deamidation, structures that are further optimized at th
  
   276 of at least 18 glycoforms, plus a variety of deamidation, succinimide, and oxidation products, repres
   277    It thereby provides a link between gluten deamidation, T cell activation, and the production of TG
   278 algorithm is used to determine the extent of deamidation that gives the best fit to the measured dist
   279  b ions were used for the calculation of Asn deamidation that occurred prior to or during sample prep
  
   281 tion sites can only be used to differentiate deamidation that occurs prior to or during sample prepar
   282 Asn(16) and Asn(45) underwent a nonenzymatic deamidation, the sequence Asn(45)-Gly(46) being deamidat
   283 ll mass change of the eluting species (e.g., deamidation), this task can be completed using online to
   284 idation-isomerization to iso-Asp317, but not deamidation to Asp317, resulted in altered retention tim
  
  
   287 w-cost, high-throughput method for assessing deamidation using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ioniz
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   296 d to HLA-DQ8cis and six to HLA-DQ8trans upon deamidation, whereas all other peptides bound equally to
   297  LNG, and LNN were found to be more prone to deamidation, whereas the motifs GNT, TNY, YNP, WNS, SNF,
   298  by TG2-reactive B cells directly to peptide deamidation, which is necessary for the activation of gl
   299  patients, but not in control CSF, causes Cp deamidation with gain of integrin-binding function, sugg
  
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