ライフサイエンスコーパス: defence

1 nt prioritization of nutritional stress over defence.

2 us pyrrolizidine alkaloids involved in plant defence.

3 , appears to have adapted to evade this host defence.

4 oadly conserved role in sRNA-mediated genome defence.

5 n fishes, which typically utilise spines for defence.

6 ted, a cell type relevant for anti-microbial defence.

7 the inheritance of piRNA-mediated transposon defence.

8 and ERalpha-signaling during anti-microbial defence.

9 t and indirect effects on pathogens and host defence.

10 the role of RPS2 as a negative regulator of defence.

11 attenuate immune responses after successful defence.

12 ing cell proliferation, development and host defence.

13 portant for CNS development, homeostasis and defence.

14 te immunity that plays pivotal roles in host defence.

15 oxin tolerance, T-cell activation, and viral defence.

16 key regulator of this antimicrobial peptide defence.

17 ng eliminated by the cell's cytosolic immune defence.

18 t genetic paralog of AGO3, in host antiviral defence.

19 long been used as models for studying animal defence.

20 factor p63 is involved in cellular oxidative defence.

21 involved in maintaining epidermal oxidative defence.

22 consistent with a role in inducible pathogen defence.

23 p=0.0032) without being detrimental to host defence.

24 tions-maintenance, growth, reproduction, and defence.

25 sequences and depleted for genes involved in defence.

26 that extrusion of NETs is important in host defence.

27 rises with the potency of the antimicrobial defence.

28 dence and resource costs of mammalian immune defence.

29 amiltonella defensa, or endogenously encoded defences.

30 rs (PPRs), which trigger a range of cellular defences.

31 vity of respiratory metabolism to fuel plant defences.

32 rasites is constrained by the costs of those defences.

33 avouring the evolution of trans-generational defences.

34 nd type of host investments in anti-parasite defences.

35 RNAs (siRNAs) that direct specific antiviral defence(4-7) by an RNAi mechanism dependent on the slici

36 infiltrating distant tissue, evading immune defences, adapting to supportive niches, surviving as la

37 possible explanation of how plants can mount defence against a biotrophic pathogen without becoming v

38 wn the importance of ubiquitination in plant defence against a multitude of pathogens.

39 involvement of SA in whitefly-derived plant defence against Agrobacterium.

40 ne beta-lactamase inhibitors, important as a defence against antibacterial resistance.

41 e innate-like lymphocytes that provide early defence against bacterial infection.

42 stration by host proteins contributes to the defence against bacterial pathogens, which need iron for

43 e plant cell wall provides the first line of defence against biotic and abiotic assaults, its functio

44 (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) associated with defence against biotrophs and necrotrophs respectively,

45 e peritonitis that is indispensable for host defence against early systemic bacterial spread and seps

46 uptake of nutrients on the one hand, and for defence against endogenous and environmental stresses on

47 The skin barrier is the body's first line of defence against environmental assaults, and is maintaine

48 he human body and provides the first line of defence against environmental attack and pathogen invasi

49 The host defence against helminths such as Nippostrongylus brasil

50 which has been considered an indirect plant defence against herbivores.

51 ro- and anti-inflammatory responses for host defence against infection and disease states.

52 ted T-cell subsets may play a unique role in defence against infection by broadening the recognition

53 by macrophages is an essential part of host defence against infection.

54 formation regarding a valuable gene for rice defence against insect pests.

55 at the body surfaces to provide a front line defence against invading pathogens represents an importa

56 y female antagonistic trait (spine length, a defence against males), as well as body size.

57 Th2 immunity is a primary host defence against metazoan pathogens and two of the import

58 Antiviral therapy is a first line of defence against new influenza strains.

59 ne-mediated protection, basal resistance and defence against nonadapted pathogens.

60 te peroxidase (APX) constitute first line of defence against oxidative stress.

61 onstrates that allocation by hosts to immune defence against parasites is constrained by the costs of

62 formation were found to provide an effective defence against parasitic MGEs; transient competence cou

63 kin microbiome is recognized for its role in defence against pathogens, including the deadly fungal p

64 OR-LIKE (GLR) family have been implicated in defence against pathogens, reproduction, control of stom

65 ity, endophyte distribution in the plant, or defence against pathogens.

66 als the critical importance of LUBAC in host defence against pathogens.

67 nnate immune system and define first-line of defence against pathogens.

68 votal for plant health and growth, providing defence against pests and diseases, facilitating nutrien

69 a mobbing response, a likely adaptive social defence against predators or competitors.

70 y epithelium is crucial in the host's innate defence against primary alphaherpesvirus infections.

71 ting enzyme 4 (TaU4) that functions in wheat defence against Septoria.

72 e that TaU4 is a novel negative regulator of defence against Septoria.

73 ce, with the fifth (PLD) being redundant for defence against some of the phages.

74 e housekeeping mechanism and a first line of defence against stress.

75 cular chaperones that form the first line of defence against the detrimental effects of cellular stre

76 Small RNA pathways act at the front line of defence against transposable elements across the Eukaryo

77 lade body (WPB) is one of the first lines of defence against vascular injury.

78 e in community composition might affect host defences against Bd.

79 Plants deploy salicylic acid (SA)-mediated defences against biotrophs.

80 es provide insight into first-line bacterial defences against predation and ways in which phages circ

81 tosine deaminases that provide innate immune defences against retroviruses and mobile elements.

82 ent useful targets in the modulation of host defences against viral pathogens.

83 a number of other DEGs were associated with defence and abiotic response.

84 es and might provide both non-specific viral defence and access to nucleotides.

85 ent grouping benefits realised from resource defence and collective action profoundly affect insider-

86 ephrocytes supporting its role in organismal defence and detoxification.

87 s) seagrasses are thought to provide coastal defence and encourage sediment stabilisation and surface

88 molecular interplay between temperature, SA defence and function of a central bacterial virulence sy

89 ed, or primed, plant-to-plant signalling for defence and growth stimulation.

90 ontrolling how plants allocate resources for defence and growth.

91 in interaction networks are integral to host defence and immune signalling pathways, which are often

92 s, and suggest a potential role in both host defence and immunopathology.

93 es, with some designed to warn of a chemical defence and others, to startle predators.

94 targets potentially involved in attachment, defence and regulation.

95 pes are associated with changes in cell wall defence and salicylic acid (SA)-dependent gene expressio

96 ate lymphoid cells (ILCs) contribute to host defence and tissue repair but can induce immunopathology

97 ants, with functions ranging from storage to defence and with effects on the physical and mechanical

98 presents a pivotal balance between antiviral defences and autoimmunity.

99 We studied the defences and caterpillars associated with 21 sympatric N

100 ve contributions of impaired systemic immune defences and deteriorating barrier defences to increased

101 dA2 phasevarion in adaptation to innate host defences and reveal an additional microenvironmental pre

102 lant chemistry plays a central role in plant defence, and the evolution of plant secondary chemistry

103 ossess negligible Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defences, and exhibit no transcriptional responses to Nr

104 investigating how telomere dynamics, immune defences, antioxidants and oxidative damage in different

105 ueductal grey (PAG) lies at the heart of the defence-arousal system and its integrity is paramount to

106 Consistent with these defence-associated responses, llb shows enhanced resista

107 ve and metabolic rates, and elevated somatic defences at the slow end of the continuum and the opposi

108 3p silences two negative regulators of plant defence, atypical receptor-like pseudokinase1 (ARLPK1) a

109 studies of 'top down control' components of defence behaviours have focused largely on the sensory a

110 he PAG is considered, as part of coordinated defence behaviours that prepare an animal to be ready an

111 o categories of grouping benefits - resource defence benefits that derive from group-defended critica

112 NETs), has been implicated in anti-microbial defence, but has not been identified in human helminth i

113 es play a crucial role in antimicrobial host defence, but the mechanisms by which they protect the ho

114 pled receptors play a diverse role in immune defence by controlling the migration, activation and sur

115 viewpoints on the role of plant chemistry in defence by critically evaluating the use and interpretat

116 owing intracellular Salmonella overcome host defence by reprogramming macrophage polarization.

117 Staphylococcus aureus subverts host defences by producing a collection of virulence factors

118 rable promise for diverse environmental, bio-defence, clinical diagnostics, food safety, water and se

119 ts as responsible for detoxification of host defence compound 2-benzoxazolinone.

120 Triterpenoids are widespread bioactive plant defence compounds with potential use as pharmaceuticals,

121 n Arabidopsis thaliana also directly repress defence, consistent with plant prioritization of nutriti

122 and size-dependent investment in mechanical defence could affect relationships between seed size and

123 example, the herbicide atrazine affects host defences (e.g. resistance and tolerance) of the amphibia

124 ications ranging from high-speed wireless to defence electronics.

125 icity correlated with their response to host defences: escalating traits largely affected generalists

126 ade (CRISPR-associated complex for antiviral defence) facilitates the crRNA-guided invasion of double

127 genome suggests a surprising importance for defence from foreign DNA for dilute populations that inf

128 m a restriction modification (RM) system for defence from foreign DNA.

129 plexes are assumed to vary in their level of defence from highly defended through to moderately defen

130 ncluding the decline of coral reefs, coastal defences from flooding, shifting fish stocks and the eme

131 on, earlier plant death and a lower level of defence gene expression than the wild type, while the de

132 lling were suppressed, reducing SA-dependent defence gene expression.

133 at the majority of NRPE1- and ROS1-dependent defence genes are regulated in trans by DNA methylation.

134 i5-transformant induced expression of tomato defence genes related to salicylic acid (SA), and TD its

135 RRS1B/RPS4B proteins associate and activate defence genes upon AvrRps4 recognition.

136 through ectopic transcription of plants' own defence genes, such as the master immune regulatory gene

137 of species correlations as a means to study defence-herbivory relationships.

138 ingly, during ETI, the normally antagonistic defence hormones, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid

139 The observed specialisation in HNG based defence in L. japonicus flowers is discussed in the cont

140 constitutes the major mechanism of antiviral defence in plants and invertebrates.

141 Carbapenems are frequently the last line of defence in serious infections due to multidrug-resistant

142 egulating coordination between nutrition and defence in the presence of a synthetic bacterial communi

143 fadienolides are present as a toxic chemical defence in toad venom.

144 ted molecular patterns (MAMPs) and to elicit defences in a variety of plant species.

145 In turn, the evolution of defences in Ficus can be driven towards both escalation

146 The major thermoregulatory defences in humans are sweating, arteriovenous shunt vas

147 Individuals often vary defences in response to local predation or parasitism ri

148 ts, bacteria express a battery of anti-phage defences including CRISPR-Cas, restriction-modification

149 olution of ontogenetic trajectories in plant defence, including developmental constraints, resource a

150 ates the transcriptional activation of plant defence independently of its protease activity.

151 found that individual aphids may employ each defence individually, occasionally both defences togethe

152 are the strengths and costs of both types of defence, individually and together, in order to elucidat

153 (TH17) cells are critically involved in host defence, inflammation, and autoimmunity.

154 This defence is contingent on the fetal cardiovascular system

155 plants allocate their resources to growth or defence is of long-term importance to the development of

156 y of sloughing to act as an effective immune defence is species specific, and they have implications

157 transition from growth-related activities to defence is well understood.

158 aster transcription regulator of antioxidant defences is provided by the Nrf2 protein.

159 , we report on a new defence system, DISARM (defence island system associated with restriction-modifi

160 n of the xCT antiporter promotes antioxidant defence, it antagonizes glutamine metabolism and restric

161 ut in the absence of colistin, innate immune defences led to an increased frequency of the resistant

162 hips between herbivore performance and plant defence levels were typically linear, with variance in p

163 sites and malnutrition and resource costs of defence may be difficult to afford.

164 societies, sib-rearing (e.g. nursing or nest defence) may be provided by females, by males or by both

165 ving programmed cell death (PCD), as a major defence mechanism against biotrophic pathogens, because

166 idermidis in the nasal cavity may serve as a defence mechanism against influenza virus infection.

167 re, we report the discovery of a novel plant defence mechanism resulting from an unusual symbiosis be

168 conclusion, S. aureus possesses a transient defence mechanism that protects against daptomycin, whic

169 al orders of magnitude lower, and their host defence mechanisms are substantially more effective.

170 d a strategy to efficiently escape from host defence mechanisms during reactivation from latency.

171 t palindromic repeats) systems that serve as defence mechanisms for bacteria and archaea against viru

172 new defence strategies in hosts and counter-defence mechanisms in parasitoids.

173 Escherichia coli (UPEC) induces a variety of defence mechanisms in response to NO, including direct N

174 the importance of phenolic compounds in the defence mechanisms of Norway spruce to C. rhododendri.

175 quences for airways hydration and the innate defence mechanisms of the lungs.

176 elective pressures that maintain multi-modal defence mechanisms or that may favour one over the other

177 ral diseases in cucumber; however, the exact defence mechanisms remain unclear.

178 etroviral gene therapy vectors by epigenetic defence mechanisms represents a problem that is particul

179 Increased exposure and impaired ability for defence mechanisms to resist oxidative stress and inflam

180 iated innate immunity are critical antiviral defence mechanisms, and recent evidence indicated that t

181 d in the development of effective anti-phage defence mechanisms, including restriction-modification a

182 s reduced canker formation and induced plant defence mechanisms.

183 variety and taxonomic distribution of viral defence mechanisms.

184 rly, thereby helping the virus to avoid host defence mechanisms.

185 o understand the interplay between these two defence mechanisms.

186 e, a key component of innate immune pathogen defence, mediates synaptic pruning by microglia during e

187 te the basal activity of the wound-inducible defence mediator jasmonate (JA) in undamaged tissues.

188 system performance in aerospace, automobile, defence, mobile electronics and biomedical applications.

189 from a metabolically active state to "stress-defence mode" when challenged by external stress.

190 LYS is an important defence molecule of the innate immune system, and its ov

191 eved apparently entirely by overcoming these defences, most likely due to elevated oxidative stress r

192 Root defences must therefore be investigated in their own eco

193 ere typically linear, with variance in plant defence not affecting herbivore performance via non-line

194 g resistance to the beetles' external immune defences, not due to increased production of toxins or o

195 f scatter-hoarding behaviour and territorial defence of 26 colour-marked birds over a three-year peri

196 mina is thought to be the primary mechanical defence of the nucleus.

197 The most prominent defence of the unicellular parasite Trypanosoma brucei a

198 e peptides as target effectors in the innate defence of the uro-genital tract creates new translation

199 trient concentrations; physical and chemical defences) of 151 species from 24 regions and their relat

200 Prophage-mediated viral defence offers an efficient mechanism for bacterial succ

201 Plant defence often varies by orders of magnitude as plants de

202 applications like key generation in banking, defence or even social media.

203 s that are either closely related (homotypic defence) or unrelated (heterotypic defence) to the proph

204 ities (for example, group foraging, communal defence, pairs reproducing or caring for offspring).

205 Host-cells thus possess intrinsic defence pathways that prevent replication of viruses wit

206 ase (P < 0.05) in the production of the host-defence peptide (HDP), BD2.

207 The identification of the host defence peptides as target effectors in the innate defen

208 d investigated plasticity in germination and defence phenotypes in their offspring, along with the ro

209 Maternal biotic stress alters offspring defence phenotypes, but whether it also affects seed dor

210 origin of DNA-based ETs as an innate immune defence predates the emergence of metazoans.

211 irst generation following herbivory, whereas defence priming was maintained for at least two generati

212 ene expression than the wild type, while the defence program after chitin, laminarin, oligogalacturon

213 some machineries cause chronic activation of defence programmes, resulting in autoimmune phenotypes.

214 success in host-virus dynamics, and counter-defence promotes phage co-evolution.

215 elenium (Se) is involved in oxidative stress defence, protecting DNA and other biomolecules from reac

216 mily member A1, BPIFA1, is a secreted innate defence protein.

217 colytic, hemoglobin degradation, antioxidant defence, protein synthesis and protein stress pathways,

218 ught more stringent mechanisms of expressing defence proteins.

219 ervation in tropical rainforests and coastal defence provided by mangrove forests.

220 The mechanism involved enhanced activity of defence related enzymes, i.e. chitinase, beta-1,3-glucan

221 Finally, purified PstSCR1 protein activated defence related gene expression in N. benthamiana.

222 actors can promote large-scale expression of defence-related genes at whole genome level.

223 on to regulation of resistance (R) and other defence-related genes by RNA silencing, viral infections

224 Of the 166 defence-related genes displaying augmented induction in

225 showed Brachypodium does not produce certain defence-related metabolites found in wheat.

226 production of SA and the accumulation of the defence-related protein PR1.

227 omes where it interacts with and retains the defence-related transcription factor MYB30.

228 s in Arabidopsis thaliana, but its effect on defence remains largely unexplored.

229 hibitor II, implicated in tuber dormancy and defence, respectively).

230 thogen attack and is required for a complete defence response against Pseudomonas syringae.

231 faster transcriptional reprogramming of the defence response with gating of infection-responsive gen

232 hitin), GO:0002679 (respiratory burst during defence response) and GO:0035556 (intracellular signal t

233 ctional categories in the asthma groups were defence response, protease inhibitor activity, inflammat

234 clearance of ROS, thus anticipating the host defence response.

235 Systemic defence responses depend on the spread of signals betwee

236 ssion analysis suggested that pre-priming of defence responses may underlie reduced susceptibility to

237 ry mode of the transcriptional activation of defence responses previously undescribed in eukaryotes.

238 CML41 acts independently of other defence responses triggered by flg22 perception and redu

239 for nutrient acquisition and/or unsuccessful defence responses, such as kauralexin production by the

240 lites, with important functions for pathogen defence responses.

241 ion to fine-tune the timing and amplitude of defence responses.

242 o early basal and subsequent secondary plant defence responses.

243 ic vehicle, rockets, re-entry spacecraft and defence sectors, but few materials can currently satisfy

244 show that the processes underlying pathogen defence senescence differ between males and females.

245 efences, whereas for females systemic immune defence senescence was mainly responsible.

246 formed by individuals who cooperate in group defence) should out-perform less cohesive groups, other

247 teins involved in immunity and antimicrobial defences, sperm maturation, and fertilisation, revealing

248 acterized by a continuous development of new defence strategies in hosts and counter-defence mechanis

249 sent day eukaryotes employ at least two main defence strategies that emerged as a result of this vira

250 he ecology and evolution of alternative host defence strategies.

251 evolutionary history of this DNA-based host defence strategy is unclear.

252 Together, our findings identify a novel defence strategy of host plants by exporting specific mi

253 in vertebrates, viral RNAs induce a distinct defence system known as the interferon (IFN) response.

254 liary clearance (MCC) is a major airway host defence system that is impaired in patients with smoking

255 Here, we report on a new defence system, DISARM (defence island system associated

256 54, which acts as a highly effective counter-defence system.

257 hogens are external immune systems, chemical defence systems comprised of potent antimicrobial compou

258 The defence systems include a single-subunit restriction sys

259 odification module, expanding the arsenal of defence systems known to be at the disposal of prokaryot

260 least five distinct prophage-expressed viral defence systems that interfere with the infection of lyt

261 rly signalling machinery to decoy the plants defence systems.

262 ng pathway, lipid metabolism and antioxidant defence systems.

263 h were myofibrillar proteins and antioxidant defence systems; (v) the muscle proteome went through qu

264 III recognition of viral RNA as an antiviral defence that is independent of, and possibly predates, o

265 ) and SBT5.2(b) expression, display enhanced defence that is suppressed in a myb30 mutant background.

266 ning redox balance to avoid triggering plant defences that impact M. oryzae growth and BIC developmen

267 ogenital tract with the aim of boosting such defences therapeutically.

268 However, the cold-defence thermoeffector response patterns differed from p

269 fluid ingestion independently modifies cold defence thermoeffector responses, supporting the presenc

270 erns differed from previously identified hot-defence thermoeffectors.

271 fferences between immune cell types, and the defences they employ during bacterial infection.

272 Yersiniae modulate and evade host immune defences through injection of Yersinia outer proteins (Y

273 miRNA accumulation and positively regulates defence, through translational inhibition.

274 Although the fetal cardiovascular defence to acute hypoxia and the physiology underlying i

275 ue mechanisms of recognition, signalling and defence to cope with the specialized mode of phloem feed

276 isel.) near an engineered coastal protection defences to discover the potential influences on vegetat

277 trooxidative stress response suppresses host defences to facilitate the growth and development of the

278 ic immune defences and deteriorating barrier defences to increased pathogen susceptibility in aged fl

279 ly establish that MCs may contribute to host defences to Leishmania in a differential manner, by acti

280 es and proteins can augment natural salivary defences to promote an overall community shift resulting

281 homotypic defence) or unrelated (heterotypic defence) to the prophage.

282 each defence individually, occasionally both defences together, or neither.

283 ed with plant mass, compatible with a growth-defence trade-off.

284 We tested how seed toughness and mechanical defence traits (tissue density and protective tissue con

285 e on small seeds independent of selection on defence traits and without a direct cost.

286 In annual herbaceous, defence traits may vary between geographic areas but evi

287 will advance the field and shed light on why defence traits shift so dramatically across plant ontoge

288 Investment in mechanical defence traits varied widely but independently of the to

289 rce allocation costs, multi-functionality of defence traits, and herbivore selection pressure.

290 etic trajectories can involve switches among defence traits, leading to complex shifting phenotypes a

291 ion structure in plant hosts as indicated by defence traits.

292 f NO-production in immune cells as microbial defence uniformly develop hypoxic necrotizing lung lesio

293 st, leading to the intricate balance of host defence versus parasite survival.

294 ent, hypothesized to provide a first line of defence via cytolysis of dysregulated intestinal epithel

295 in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant defences, was also detected after strawberry intake.

296 lity; whereas to include the role of barrier defences we infected flies by dusting the cuticle with f

297 Moreover, both defences were negatively correlated with plant mass, com

298 principally due to deterioration in barrier defences, whereas for females systemic immune defence se

299 However, the costs of non-immunological defences, which are important alternatives to canonical

300 five genes are essential for DISARM-mediated defence, with the fifth (PLD) being redundant for defenc