ライフサイエンスコーパス: delocalized

1 riplet state is again found to be completely delocalized.

2 r being highly molecular and the latter more delocalized.

3 ontrast, nucleosomes in MIC are dramatically delocalized.

4 n which the unpaired electron is extensively delocalized.

5 -GlcNAc levels are increased and OGT and OGA delocalized.

6 Au, bonding of the latter two being broadly delocalized.

7 hroism spectroscopy that Cu(A)CcP is valence delocalized.

8 O analysis shows that the aromatic system is delocalized.

9 ecretion of SlpA from the cell is relatively delocalized.

10 excited states of these nanorings are highly delocalized.

11 The reaction most likely proceeds via a delocalized 2-aza-pentadienyl anion that cyclizes either

12 protonation of N-(aryloxy)imines generates a delocalized 2-azaallyl anion-type nucleophile that engag

13 n space by combining localized 0D modes with delocalized 2D and 3D modes is described.

14 vided by six 2c-2e Pd-Ge sigma-bonds and two delocalized 4c-2e sigma-bonds.

15 s on the ability (or not) of electrons to be delocalized across heterometallic bonds, allowing for ra

16 ne axes, while their LUMOs remain relatively delocalized across the molecule, except in cruciforms su

17 or and reveal that one of the spins is fully delocalized across up to five adjacent guanines in a G-t

18 yeast lacking Nup132 (Sc/HuNUP133), Ulp1 is delocalized and can no longer antagonize sumoylation of

19 ecular packing leads to (i) the formation of delocalized and emissive excitons that enable small non-

20 electrostatic interactions with the DNA are delocalized and followed by aquation to form the monoaqu

21 ined states to band-like charge transport in delocalized and hybridized states of strongly coupled QD

22 elding pattern implies the existence of both delocalized and localized currents that have a dominant

23 he self-assembly of diamondoids, form highly delocalized and symmetric electron-deficient structures.

24 Finally, we show that the vacancies are delocalized and therefore hard to detect.

25 kinase previously found to be overexpressed, delocalized, and constitutively active in CLL cells.

26 The delocalized, anticorrelated component of pigment vibrati

27 gy transfer mechanism leads to excitation of delocalized, anticorrelated vibrational wavepackets on t

28 that benzocarbatriphyrins are 14pai electron delocalized aromatic systems that bypass the fused arene

29 is an arylperoxo Fe(2+)/Fe(3+) species with delocalized aryl radical character.

30 e for collective behavior of macroscopically delocalized atomic states, a crucial element for new pro

31 ewed as a tetravalent superatom forming four delocalized Au-H-Au bonds, similar to the quadruple bond

32 s (COEs), molecules that are defined by a pi-delocalized backbone and terminal ionic pendant groups,

33 the IR photons promote bound charge pairs to delocalized band states, similar to those formed just af

34 acilitated through the formation of excited, delocalized band states.

35 the Fermi energy lies in a partially filled delocalized band.

36 accelerate for photoexcited states that are delocalized between the two subsystems.

37 ed as either localized on one sulfur atom or delocalized between two indistinguishable sulfur atoms.

38 ments of sterols indicates a role for highly delocalized bicyclobutonium ions in biosynthesis.

39 parameters that describes both localized and delocalized binding to various biological systems is use

40 in an effective Hamiltonian that couples the delocalized Bogoliubov modes of the two mechanical oscil

41 This delocalized bonding interaction is reminiscent of the do

42 chemical bond is generally given in terms of delocalized bonding orbitals, or, alternatively, in term

43 The results support extensive delocalized bonding to the apical ligands in the classic

44 Bonding and charge density analyses indicate delocalized bonding within the gold host and the (Au,T)3

45 ectrum because their core-excited states are delocalized by coupling with the gold substrate.

46 a polarization of the pi electrons along the delocalized C2-C1-O system in the key cyclopropyl-carben

47 scertain the effect of alkyl substituents on delocalized carbon chains of this type.

48 In this regard, delocalized carbon-based radical species with unpaired s

49 te that electrons exhibit both localized and delocalized character, with a maximum Curie constant and

50 in the droplets) yielding anions with highly delocalized charge [quantified by the weighted average p

51 nd physical or chemical properties of excess delocalized charge carriers in semiconductor nanocrystal

52 Photoexcitation leads to the formation of a delocalized charge resonance state (S1) that relaxes qui

53 eparated blends and the intermediate role of delocalized charge transfer states.

54 ominated by molecular (Frenkel) exictons and delocalized charges are promptly produced (t < 100 fs).

55 solvent polarity and large anions exhibiting delocalized charges at low solvent polarities.

56 charge separation involving intermolecularly delocalized charges in nonpolar media, an integral proce

57 nction as molecular wires with transport via delocalized charges, rather than the hopping mechanism t

58 omatic and antiaromatic molecules-which have delocalized circuits of [4n + 2] or [4n] electrons, resp

59 esults in electron localized Class II-III or delocalized Class III structures that display distinct N

60 y narrow asymmetric bands, characteristic of delocalized class-III bis(diarylamino) species, to narro

61 re discussed within the framework of a fully delocalized cluster exhibiting strong double and direct

62 ong contributions to the binding energy from delocalized, collective charge fluctuations-in contrast

63 impact of the base pair substitutions on the delocalized conduction channels.

64 -type) colloidal ZnO nanocrystals possessing delocalized conduction-band (CB) electrons can be formed

65 nanocrystals (NCs) involves recombination of delocalized conduction-band electrons with copper-locali

66 also contains a complementary component with delocalized conduction-band-like character.

67 composed of localized quantum dot states and delocalized continuum states, arising from ultra-strong

68 f the two boron pz-type orbitals, with small delocalized contributions of the 9-borafluorenyl pi syst

69 model, on the superconducting side, one has delocalized Cooper pairs but localized vortices; while o

70 Then, this delocalized CT exciton relaxes in energy to produce CT s

71 und that CT at the interface first populates delocalized CT excitons with a coherent size of 4 nm.

72 Its photoexcitation forms a delocalized CT state with well-preserved ion bands despi

73 lts support a model of charge separation via delocalized CT states independent of excess heterojuncti

74 formulation of the CuA center as an electron-delocalized Cu(1.5)-Cu(1.5) system implicates both Cu(II

75 y of alpha-Fe, chi-Fe5C2 and theta-Fe3C with delocalized d electrons.

76 nitial bright singlet state (species I) to a delocalized dark state (species II), driven by interacti

77 6 but also the chromodomain protein Chp1 are delocalized during S phase.

78 I) borates, a Pu 6p orbital is observed with delocalized electron density on basal oxygen atoms contr

79 Their conjugated backbones support delocalized electronic excitations, which dynamics is st

80 nd can be switched between its localized and delocalized electronic forms.

81 mplexes lead to highly coherent domains with delocalized electronic states displaying metallic behavi

82 a Marcus inverted region is a consequence of delocalized electronic states.

83 s owe their optoelectronic properties to the delocalized electronic structure along their conjugated

84 ast ET and PT chemistry is attributed to the delocalized electronic structure of [Co(13)C(2)(CO)(24)]

85 (4)](2+) clusters typically exhibit pairwise delocalized electronic structures in which each Fe has a

86 L-edge XAS in experimentally defining highly delocalized electronic structures.

87 p at the top of the occupied manifold of the delocalized electronic superatom spectrum of the inner c

88 pitaxial connections will lead to completely delocalized electrons and may enable the observation of

89 as YbAl3, interactions between localized and delocalized electrons can lead to fluctuations between t

90 highly stabilizing feature of molecules with delocalized electrons in closed circuits, is generally r

91 ational studies indicate that 2 features the delocalized electrons in the part of the sigma-framework

92 This addition of delocalized electrons is accompanied by a 1000-fold incr

93 ysics supports this view, demonstrating that delocalized electrons make a static macroscopic polariza

94 ized status (e.g., polyaromatics), with more delocalized electrons obtained for enhanced Maxwell-Wagn

95 results demonstrate that the ability to add delocalized electrons to polyoxometalate clusters can be

96 e couplings are frustrated by the effects of delocalized electrons.

97 esis of other two-dimensional materials with delocalized electrons.

98 Here we report a new localized/delocalized emitting state of Eu(2+) ions in a new hexag

99 ering alloys because it ensures that flow is delocalized, enhances tensile ductility and inhibits cat

100 ination of differently planarized and charge-delocalized enolate tautomers by anion-pi interactions.

101 (i.e., 3Cu(I)Cu(II)) state with spin density delocalized evenly over CuI and CuIV.

102 find that on a 50 fs time scale an initially delocalized excess electron localizes on a single [Tf2N(

103 er sizes corresponding to both localized and delocalized excitations.

104 timize energy transport via the formation of delocalized excited states (excitons), which are critica

105 ceptor structures are observed to facilitate delocalized excited states for enhanced mixing between c

106 xhibits dual emission rendered by the weakly delocalized exciton and excimer.

107 circular dichroism, superradiance, and fast delocalized exciton transfer, consistent with our quantu

108 l spectroscopic signatures of the multipolar delocalized exciton, including the S(2) <- S(1) electron

109 The delocalized exciton-polariton has a group velocity as hi

110 insights indicate the outstanding promise of delocalized excitonic processes available in 2D COFs, wh

111 This delocalized (excitonic) excited state is likely a precur

112 cylinders' soft mesoscopic structure, robust delocalized excitons are retained: Internal order and st

113 r between clusters of a few pigments sharing delocalized excitons has been challenged by ultrafast op

114 Increased and/or delocalized expression of the channel is observed at the

115 rons in these clusters of Fe(2+) and valence delocalized Fe(2.5+) , respectively.

116 , our analysis identifies a solvent exposed, delocalized Fe(2.5+) pair and a buried Fe(2+) pair.

117 he double exchange parameter, B, for valence-delocalized [Fe2S2](+) centers and demonstrate that vari

118 ) provide the only known examples of valence-delocalized [Fe2S2](+) clusters, which constitute a fund

119 rve as a sensitive probe for correlations in delocalized fermionic quantum states and for quantum met

120 Delocalized Frenkel excitons-coherently shared excitatio

121 cked orientation results in the emergence of delocalized Frenkel/mixed-Frenkel-CT character and the c

122 In the absence of EPLIN, vinculin was delocalized from the junctions.

123 ype claudin-16, phosphomimetic claudin-16 is delocalized from the tight junction but relocated to the

124 ional results indicate a unique role for the delocalized frontier molecular orbitals of the Fe(NO)2 u

125 d to increase electron affinity and maintain delocalized frontier orbitals while significantly decrea

126 The weak interaction between delocalized G blocks on opposite DNA strands is known to

127 AM, but do not produce large, electronically delocalized groups or change other aspects of the tunnel

128 re carried out to determine how localized or delocalized holes on a polymer chain are and to compare

129 otogeneration occurs predominately via these delocalized hot exciton states in competition with relax

130 arge generation across large polymer phases, delocalized hot excitons may also account for the crucia

131 vent-exposed hydrophobic cluster and another delocalized hydrophobic core in the folding kinetics, ar

132 , and those whose O-H stretch vibrations are delocalized, i.e., shared between multiple O-H bonds.

133 al benzenoid-type rings rather than globally delocalized in an annulenoid fashion.

134 f murine gamma-SG-null (gsg(-/-)) muscle but delocalized in dystrophin-deficient mdx muscle.

135 phy suggests that the unpaired electrons are delocalized in each case across two inner 4,4'-bipyridin

136 ules showed that their pi electrons remained delocalized in individual benzenoid-type rings rather th

137 s an open core with the spin density heavily delocalized in the Co(IV)-O unit.

138 a Ni(III) complex with one unpaired electron delocalized in the ligands surrounding the metal center.

139 that a significant fraction of the charge is delocalized in the tert-butyl group of the radical catio

140 ed molecular orbital (LUMO) band is strongly delocalized in two-dimensions, which is unprecedented fo

141 duced structural changes result in local and delocalized increases in Tpm flexibility and prominent c

142 oring HRAS, NRAS or KRAS mutations, SCH66336 delocalized, inhibited signaling and preferentially inhi

143 r interaction with Ag (or Cu) as involving a delocalized interaction with contributions from the carb

144 molecular nature of the exciton and the more delocalized intermolecular nature of electrons and holes

145 he radical cation in the ring-closed form is delocalized into the phenyl ring, and/or (ii) the lowest

146 The additional, delocalized Li-ion density is located in new high energy

147 Other delocalized lipophilic cations, such as rhodamine, natur

148 This delocalized LMCT excited state decays to a second excite

149 or both peaks matches the decay time for the delocalized LMCT excited state.

150 the ground state of the drug shows a highly delocalized lone pair on the amine nitrogen of the melph

151 ork, previously shown to give rise to highly delocalized low-lying (3)MLCT states for other Group VII

152 oxygen-induced trap level, 0.34 eV below the delocalized lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of P(NDI

153 ) Mes, including a low-lying and extensively delocalized LUMO and a wide HOMO-LUMO gap, which arise f

154 We propose that the diiron system has delocalized metal-metal bonding electrons, which seems t

155 mpanied by a plasmon peak, characteristic of delocalized metallic electrons.

156 ximal tryptophan (0.4 ps) and is followed by delocalized migration of the produced WH(*+) radical alo

157 ne charge resonance, producing a full charge delocalized mixed valence system.

158 The presence of such underdamped delocalized modes in proteins may have significant impli

159 ipolar and quadrupolar electric and magnetic delocalized modes, only dipolar electric and quadrupolar

160 mpounds correlated well with the energy of a delocalized molecular orbital first appearing on an arom

161 overturn the well-known conclusion that both delocalized molecular orbitals and localized molecular o

162 Two electronically delocalized molecules were designed as models to underst

163 into the origin of the far-IR localized and delocalized motions present in peptides and where they c

164 ranched donor-acceptor molecules varies from delocalized/multipolar to localized/dipolar depending on

165 Due to the generally delocalized nature of molecular valence orbitals, valenc

166 functional theory calculations highlight the delocalized nature of the low energy singlet excited sta

167 studies have been complicated by the highly delocalized nature of the porphyrin, and calculations re

168 llent ambient stability, imparted due to the delocalized nature of the triplet excited state.

169 lthough transition structures are inherently delocalized, not all exhibit aromaticity.

170 xygen lone pair on flat sites, whereas it is delocalized on both C and O atoms on concave sites, incr

171 e cyclohexene-bridged Z-derivatives are spin-delocalized on the EPR time scale but charge-localized o

172 he magnetic interaction between the electron delocalized on the fullerene cage and the guest H2 has b

173 r C-S bond cleavage, and the charge and spin delocalized on their structures, were also useful to end

174 The electron spins are delocalized onto the thiophene unit just by changing the

175 ulations demonstrate that the electron spins delocalized onto the thiophene unit lead to the accelera

176 by a delocalization mechanism, where spin is delocalized onto the two cobalt atoms.

177 ws that the photogenerated plasmon is highly delocalized onto TiO2, and thus, it is shared by the ele

178 on the possible role of charge transfer and delocalized or excitonic states in the photophysics of t

179 ity can be used to distinguish tunneling via delocalized orbitals versus localized orbitals.

180 ion of such materials requires large, highly delocalized organic linkers or guest-chromophores.

181 mass range of one million atomic mass units, delocalized over >150 nm.

182 and IR spectra indicates that the polaron is delocalized over 2-3 porphyrin units in the linear oligo

183 sfer includes the fact that the excitons are delocalized over a few neighboring sites, but the role o

184 ons, it is proposed that the MLCT states are delocalized over both benzoate Cr(CO)(3) groups, as supp

185 ogen atoms, and a state with positive charge delocalized over both nitrogen atoms.

186 ying states, in which molecular orbitals are delocalized over Chl(D1) and Phe(D1) as well as one weak

187 ion principle allows massive particles to be delocalized over distant positions.

188 ntangled states where a single excitation is delocalized over many systems.

189 Its center of mass is delocalized over more than 20 times the molecular size i

190 In atomic solids, phonons are delocalized over the 3D lattice, in contrast to molecula

191 ound 2, the unpaired electron is also partly delocalized over the CAAC ligand (carbene) C and N atoms

192 The unpaired electron in this molecule is delocalized over the entire helical core composed of six

193 then it is certain that the charge is fully delocalized over the entire perimeter of the ring.

194 meshes with HOMO and LUMO orbitals entirely delocalized over the molecules.

195 ex suggests the formation of a radical anion delocalized over the neighboring PDI units, and this res

196 lator strength state with molecular orbitals delocalized over the P chlorophylls.

197 One of these VTs has the charge and spin delocalized over the porphyrin and the styrylruthenium m

198 Such states are delocalized over the surface and are immune to its imper

199 but for P-TMI the NTOs have electron density delocalized over the two units as a result of extensive

200 transition states where the electron pair is delocalized over two adjacent centers.

201 c configuration and the unpaired electron is delocalized over two carbene carbon atoms.

202 les of sigma-bonds made of a single electron delocalized over two neighboring atoms were until recent

203 s, the excess charge carrier forms a polaron delocalized over up to 10-20 molecules in the most condu

204 bottom crucial for transport are only weakly delocalized (over <10 molecules).

205 atom, i.e., an sp(0.41)-type lone-pair and a delocalized p lone-pair.

206 smaller electronic couplings for the highly delocalized P3DT anions as enabling the inverted behavio

207 ticity of the central SiC(2) ring having two delocalized pai electrons.

208 as from single-molecule spectroscopy, single delocalized pai-electron dye systems are isolated in rel

209 that both ReB(4)(-) and ReB(4) possess four delocalized pai-electrons, including two pai-electrons i

210 oelectronic properties owing to their highly delocalized pai-systems, low-lying frontier orbitals tha

211 s is especially so in systems of interacting delocalized particles, for which a direct experimental m

212 In fact this limitation is only true for delocalized patterns.

213 n results from electron transfer producing a delocalized PDI2 anion.

214 Underdamped terahertz-frequency delocalized phonon-like modes have long been suggested t

215 theoretical model that explores how coherent delocalized phonon-like modes in DNA provide single-stra

216 results support the conclusion that coherent delocalized phonon-like modes play an important role in

217 by invoking exciton self-trapping, in which delocalized photogenerated holes contract in response to

218 re doubly aromatic, each with six completely delocalized pi and sigma electrons, which describe the b

219 e highly stable and doubly aromatic with six delocalized pi and six delocalized sigma electrons and s

220 und to exhibit triple pi aromaticity with 11 delocalized pi bonds, analogous to benzo(g,h,i)perylene

221 ation indicated the feasibility of combining delocalized pi electrons and spin-polarized d electrons

222 Delocalized pi electrons in aromatic ring structures gen

223 closed-shell B(22)(2-) species reveal seven delocalized pi orbitals, which are similar to those in a

224 Upon coordination, the strongly delocalized pi system of free azide localizes somewhat o

225 lkyne groups into the rigid backbone and the delocalized pi-conjugated structure.

226 ent with charge separation through access to delocalized pi-electron states in ordered regions of the

227 posite design by the incorporation of both a delocalized pi-electrons system in a closely bound accep

228 carbon basal plane, conferred upon it by the delocalized pi-electrons, (i) causes a downshift of e(g)

229 BODIPY core is feasible, a hemicyanine-like delocalized pi-system gives rise to novel blue and effic

230 the similarity of sigma-bond breakage into a delocalized pi-system.

231 electron affinity, and a rigid and extended delocalized pi-system.

232 thin the hydrocarbons, not too dissimilar to delocalized pi-systems.

233 The delocalized plasmon state observed in our study establis

234 s due to the strong rotatory power of highly delocalized plasmonic states (Ma et al.

235 ton-localization microscopy reveals that the delocalized plasmons are capable of focusing multiple na

236 ormation of e(-) and h(+) pairs that lead to delocalized polaronic V(3+) and V(5+) cation states.

237 the core-localized electron density, highly delocalized polarons with mobilities equivalent to films

238 m sensor for nanometer resolution imaging of delocalized quantum correlations.

239 nodal excitations from gapped (localized) to delocalized quasiparticles characterized by a longer lif

240 upon deprotonation is largest when a highly delocalized radical is combined with an initially less s

241 These highly spin-delocalized radicals do not associate in the solid state

242 Delocalized RGPs did not become outer subventricular zon

243 Elevated but delocalized RTK signaling in one cell of the cluster was

244 CD saturation magnetization data for valence-delocalized S = 9/2 [Fe2S2](+) centers facilitated deter

245 and investigating the properties of valence-delocalized S = 9/2 [Fe2S2](+) fragments in higher nucle

246 imilar valence-localized S = 1/2 and valence-delocalized S = 9/2 forms as a function of pH, with pKa

247 s in partial or full conversion from valence-delocalized S = 9/2 to valence-localized S = 1/2 [Fe2S2]

248 rates that are characteristic of a circular delocalized S(1) excited state are preserved in the low-

249 We conclude that this delocalized secretion of SlpA leads to a pool of precurs

250 e observation that mixed-valence para-Fe2 is delocalized shows that electron localization in meta-Fe2

251 he all-boron fullerene, bonded uniformly via delocalized sigma and pi bonds, is not perfectly smooth

252 hey satisfy the 4n+2 rule of aromaticity for delocalized sigma electrons and fulfill other requiremen

253 bly aromatic with six delocalized pi and six delocalized sigma electrons and should exist for a serie

254 all-metal aromatic AuSb4 fragments with six delocalized sigma electrons each (n=1).

255 es at the Au-thiol interface, and not by the delocalized sigma states in the C-C backbones, clarifyin

256 perature, long-range incoherent transport of delocalized singlet excitons on pico- to nanosecond time

257 ry photoexcitations in conjugated dimers are delocalized singlets that enable fast and efficient iSF.

258 re therefore converted into relatively inert delocalized species A(*) and/or B(*) that inhibit the ch

259 ronic structure with an unexpected partially delocalized spin, as evidenced by electron paramagnetic

260 i(4)(NP(t)Bu(3))(4)](+/0) clusters and fully delocalized, spin-correlated electrons.

261 Cu-Cu spectroscopic features, and a valence delocalized state of Cu(A) are difficult to reproduce in

262 3 (0.04) eV higher in energy than the charge-delocalized state.

263 nfined state and a nearby Fermi reservoir of delocalized states has underpinned many advances in spin

264 onally to localized surface states or to the delocalized states of the QD core, (ii) energy or electr

265 fur ions on the surfaces of the QDs (and not delocalized states within the QDs) are the electron dono

266 ) or 6Fe(2+) -2Fe(3+) cluster having valence-delocalized states.

267 ing fluorescence that arises from populating delocalized states.

268 scoring component with these terms to assess delocalized strain of the complex.

269 lecular systems containing an electronically delocalized structure are the basis of emerging optoelec

270 rporation of targeting moieties into the non-delocalized structure of pentamethine and heptamethine i

271 high-quality DFT calculations, a symmetric, delocalized structure with no difference in bond length

272 e moiety in the center of its electronically delocalized structure.

273 th possess a 13-atom icosahedral core with 8 delocalized superatomic electrons (8e), but their emissi

274 ity of electronic structure in this strongly delocalized superchromophore and reflect the complicatio

275 esonances transitions to that from spatially delocalized surface plasmon excitations, exhibiting mult

276 the addition and removal of electrons from a delocalized system should lead to considerable increases

277 ch, the metals and entire ligands form large delocalized systems.

278 r complex (1(2-)) featuring an extended, pai-delocalized, tetra-amidate macrocyclic ligand (TAML) as

279 eutral triplet exciton is substantially more delocalized than the positive polaron, exceeding 10 mono

280 orbitals in the diiron complex are much more delocalized than those of the dicobalt analogue.

281 boron atoms in the dihydrides are bonded by delocalized three-, four-, or five-center sigma and pi b

282 en-shell molecules, in which spin density is delocalized through a helical conjugated backbone, hold

283 ybrid theory, the parent radicals of AOs are delocalized through allylic rearrangement, and as a cons

284 isotopic labeling shows that the radical is delocalized throughout the adenine ring of A2503, althou

285 enzyl substituents and an unoccupied orbital delocalized throughout the boron cluster core.

286 hich the unpaired electron is proposed to be delocalized throughout the boron cluster core.

287 excited state where the promoted electron is delocalized throughout the qdpq ligand.

288 ocenyl cations, the transition from a charge delocalized to a localized state is addressed by resonan

289 Important is a delocalized to localized orbital transformation that int

290 h transiently expressed SEC6A1A variants are delocalized to the Golgi, a finding confirmed in a renal

291 The hexamer is at the delocalized-to-localized turning point.

292 hotoelectrons from localized core levels and delocalized valence bands in solids.

293 tely 8.7, several times larger than those of delocalized valley excitons.

294 wo orders of magnitude smaller than those of delocalized valley excitons.

295 Underdamped delocalized vibrational modes in the terahertz frequency

296 However, evidence of the existence of delocalized vibrational modes is scarce and proof of the

297 monoradicals, based on either a localized or delocalized view, whichever is suitable, are then discus

298 ator is continuous and the density change is delocalized when an electron or hole is added.

299 converge toward a picture of electrons being delocalized within crystalline domains of increased size

300 QD is trapped in a surface state rather than delocalized within the QD lattice.