ライフサイエンスコーパス: diploid

1 he two projections meet and fuse to form the diploid.

2 d periods, owing to the absence of competing diploids.

3 to spr3Delta/spr3Delta spr28Delta/spr28Delta diploids.

4 f the root system of PP-E plants relative to diploids.

5 sion in the majority of sexually reproducing diploids.

6 emonstrated for sex-specific selection among diploids.

7 ian haploid cells rapidly become enriched in diploids.

8 ltilocus seasonally fluctuating selection in diploids.

9 elective differences between male and female diploids.

10 to meiotic restitution and the production of diploid (2n) pollen grains.

11 i-C data into a model population of distinct diploid 3D genome structures, which facilitates the dete

12 Here, we show that hybridization between diploid A. lyrata and A. arenosa causes mainly inviable

13 brid seeds between tetraploid A. arenosa and diploid A. lyrata were aggravated.

14 aea), fair representation was kept for other diploids (A. duranensis, A. stenosperma, A. cardenasii,

15 the available microsatellite data exhibited diploid allelic band patterns at their loci whereas anot

16 Epigenetic profiling in diploid, allopolyploid, and domesticated cotton shows th

17 cause recombinant haploid pollen produced by diploids allows the apomictic allele to spread onto many

18 All 21 strains were diploid, although karyotypic changes were present in eig

19 eanut, we report the genome sequences of its diploid ancestors (Arachis duranensis and Arachis ipaens

20 d momentum from the sequenced genomes of the diploid ancestors of cultivated peanut.

21 quencing of 41 groundnut accessions and wild diploid ancestors, a total of 58,233 unique and informat

22 the origin of cultivated peanut from the two diploid ancestors, and also suggest that multiple hybrid

23 increase of gene diversity compared to their diploid ancestors.

24 there have been numerous comparisons between diploid and (usually) tetraploid taxa, we know very litt

25 ertilization represents the hallmark between diploid and haploid generations [1].

26 on of a biphasic life cycle with alternating diploid and haploid phases.

27 tion (sl-CSD), in which individuals that are diploid and heterozygous at a sex-determining locus are

28 se it is composed of diploid sexual and both diploid and polyploid asexual (i.e., apomictic) lineages

29 ies in terms of chromosome structure in both diploid and polyploid cells.

30 ta was able to form viable hybrid seeds with diploid and tetraploid A. arenosa, associated with the r

31 lly inherited chloroplast fragments from all diploid and tetraploid species with the B- and C-genome

32 Sequence diversity of diploid and tetraploid Stuberosum exceeded any crop rese

33 lable sequences from 46 to 193 accessions of diploid and tetraploid wheat, respectively.

34 kers identified different haplotypes in both diploid and tetraploid wheats.

35 The Brassica genus encompasses three diploid and three allopolyploid genomes, but a clear und

36 We studied FA composition and content of diploid and triploid pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuscha,

37 nts of EPA and DHA per mass of the filets in diploid and triploid specimens were similar.

38 We conducted reciprocal crosses using two diploid and two hexaploid populations each crossed to te

39 Human genomes are diploid and, for their complete description and interpre

40 also alter the community context of parental diploids and other plant species.

41 r among higher order polyploids than between diploids and tetraploids, and unreduced gametes may faci

42 The human genome is diploid, and knowledge of the variants on each chromosom

43 the early liver progenitor marker Tbx3, are diploid, and thereby differ from mature hepatocytes, whi

44 erienced higher rates of silencing loss than diploids, and uncovered the unexpected contribution of a

45 pentine colonizations in the closely related diploid Arabidopsis lyrata in the United Kingdom and Uni

46 ng provide an opportunity to investigate the diploid architecture of the human genome and reveal the

47 Therefore, haploids and diploids are both cases of normal euploidy.

48 The phased diploid assembly enabled the study of haplotype structur

49 embly 22, the first chromosome-level, phased diploid assembly of the C. albicans genome, coupled with

50 rDNA)] copies were identified in a set of 16 diploid barley (Hordeum) species; their origin was trace

51 se assemblies do not correctly represent the diploid biology of an individual.

52 netic variation among loci in the genomes of diploid biparental organisms is the result of mutation a

53 nteractions were also observed in vegetative diploid budding yeast, but their functional significance

54 led that Caph2 single-mutant tumors are near diploid but carry deletions spanning tumor suppressor ge

55 Similarly, diploid C. albicans also showed enhanced biofilm formati

56 The diploid C4 plant foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.

57 , controls the frequency of the mononuclear, diploid cardiomyocyte population, which affects cardiomy

58 Mononuclear diploid cardiomyocytes (MNDCMs), a relatively small subp

59 demonstrates that the loss of FoxM1 elicits diploid cell deficiency with enhanced arrests prior to m

60 Meiosis is the cellular program by which a diploid cell gives rise to haploid gametes for sexual re

61 In Arabidopsis thaliana, a single diploid cell is specified as the premeiotic female gamet

62 educe the states of chromatin folding in the diploid cell nucleus.

63 chanisms are likely to synergize to maintain diploid cell populations.

64 on of male and female haploid gametes into a diploid cell.

65 Cultures enriched with not-diploid cells acquired a senescence-associated secretory

66 gnificant correlations between levels of not-diploid cells and senescence-associated features (SAFs).

67 haploid cells bud in an axial manner, while diploid cells bud in a bipolar manner.

68 Colonies initiated with aged diploid cells do not show disadvantage in colony expansi

69 romatin we have established 'isogenic' human diploid cells in which PARP1 and/or PARP2, or PARP3 are

70 However, conditional gene inactivation in diploid cells is still difficult to achieve.

71 he conservation of TADs between polytene and diploid cells of Drosophila.

72 In response to starvation, diploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae undergo meiosi

73 Starvation of diploid cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevis

74 Overexpression of cyclin D2 in diploid cells strongly potentiated the ability to prolif

75 cterized using a large dataset of 129 normal diploid cells, and is shown to exceed previously reporte

76 tion of interphase is similar in haploid and diploid cells, haploid cells spend longer in mitosis, in

77 se regulatory pathways that also function in diploid cells, particularly those involved in S phase en

78 Mmi1 cause high levels of UPD in vegetative diploid cells.

79 disadvantage of haploid cells compared with diploid cells.

80 ortalized human cell lines as well as normal diploid cells.

81 operate during initiation of instability in diploid cells.

82 he vast majority of oocytes enter meiosis as diploid cells.

83 as affected, as demonstrated in heterozygous diploid cells.

84 e to environmental stresses not tolerated by diploid cells.

85 but does not obviously affect proliferating diploid cells.

86 is a clear determinant of gene expression in diploid cells.

87 cells with identical or closely related sub-diploid chromosome profiles resulting in intercellular p

88 We used the diploid, colorectal cancer cell line DLD1 and two DLD1-d

89 Animals typically produce sperm with a diploid complement of most proteins and RNA, limiting se

90 ion' via hybridization between octoploid and diploid congeners.

91 ere chromosomes are duplicated beyond normal diploid content.

92 and find that it is nearly fixed (99.9%) for diploid copy number in contemporary humans.

93 also a hotspot for structural variation: its diploid copy number ranges from zero in the mouse refere

94 mprehensive analysis of TCP gene family in a diploid cotton species, Gossypium arboreum, including ph

95 lutionary pressure for C. albicans to become diploid could derive from its use of farnesol.

96 hough haploid human ES cells resembled their diploid counterparts, they also displayed distinct prope

97 ultures in aneuploid cells relative to their diploid counterparts.

98 es were mapped to Bs of 26 plants from three diploid cytotypes, their hybrids and polyploid derivativ

99 mosome segregation, triggering DNA damage in diploid daughter cells and elevated ploidy.

100 In exactly two cases, true diploid de novo assemblies have been made, at great expe

101 orward and low-cost method for creating true diploid de novo assemblies.

102 We estimate that this theoretical human diploid differs by as much as approximately 16 Mbp with

103 We propose occasional fertilization of diploid egg cells by haploid pollen, resulting in triplo

104 osis in diploids, so that the plant produces diploid egg cells that can develop without fertilization

105 expression and cell cycle lengthening, while diploid embryos with increased N/C volume ratios showed

106 pachys preserves heterozygosity and produces diploid embryos without fertilization through a truncate

107 Compared to diploid embryos, haploids exhibited a delay in both zygo

108 ressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) into diploid embryos.

109 h a small embryo surrounded by a substantial diploid endosperm.

110 Our haploid-diploid eQTL analysis in spruce revealed that compensato

111 tribute to the inner cell mass (ICM) just as diploid ESCs tagged with GFP.

112 ESCs manifested in the same location as the diploid ESCs.

113 n of tetraploid ESCs was slower than that of diploid ESCs.

114 in the EBs of tetraploid ESCs compared with diploid ESCs.

115 find that approximately 24.7 per cent of the diploid F. cylindrus genome consists of genetic loci wit

116 ntages of total FA of triploids and immature diploid females significantly differed from that of matu

117 ) compared to that of triploids and immature diploid females.

118 This correlation was significant in WI-38 diploid fibroblasts and weak in HeLa cells, indicating p

119 U2OS cells or TERT-immortalized normal human diploid fibroblasts results in decreased expression of t

120 arly versus late passage and senescent human diploid fibroblasts, documenting the anticipated telomer

121 e of senescent, but not proliferating, human diploid fibroblasts.

122 sive accumulation of G1 tetraploidy in human diploid fibroblasts.

123 s significantly differed from that of mature diploid fish.

124 the reads in the related genome of the wild diploid Fragaria vesca revealed differences between the

125 We also report the sequencing of two diploids from the ancestral gene pools of quinoa, which

126 otetraploid (G. hirsutum) and its progenitor diploid (G. arboreum and G. raimondii) cotton species id

127 lternation between multicellular haploid and diploid generations that facilitated efficient dispersal

128 tively small genome (approximately 800 Mbp), diploid genetics, diverse germplasm, and colinearity wit

129 The diploid genome of sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.)

130 The stable diploid genome of the chicken DT40 lymphoblast cell line

131 Yet, imbalanced alleles, especially from diploid genome regions, are poorly explored in cancer.

132 alable capability for determining the actual diploid genome sequence in a sample, opening the door to

133 mozygosity (RoHs) are genomic stretches of a diploid genome that show identical alleles on both chrom

134 st-meiotic germ cells that serve to ensure a diploid genome upon fertilization.

135 , corresponding to three or four copies (per diploid genome).

136 while maintaining a naturally heterozygous, diploid genome, allowing the capture of the full spectru

137 es include 91.3% and 90.2% coverage of their diploid genomes (1.4 Gb; 2n = 14) containing 32,928 and

138 g a random mutation spectrum, it synthesizes diploid genomes with germline and somatic mutations base

139 y accurate, contiguous, and correctly phased diploid genomes.

140 blies of single cells and highly polymorphic diploid genomes.

141 ods of detecting an allelic imbalance assume diploid genomes.

142 sutum AtDt genome with the already sequenced diploid Gossypium arboreum (AA) and Gossypium raimondii

143 ance-like gene families, was analyzed in the diploid grass Aegilops tauschii, the D-genome donor of b

144 spanning the Gli-2 locus was analyzed in the diploid grass, Aegilops tauschii, the ancestral source o

145 Specifically, mature diploids had higher percentage of EPA and DHA in their m

146 oid haplotyping is much greater than that in diploid haplotyping, and there are few related methods.

147 'diploidization' process that re-establishes diploid heredity.

148 Furthermore, SRF downregulation in diploid hPSCs induces replication stress and perturbed c

149 Here, we show in non-transformed diploid human cells that the KNL1-Bub3-Bub1 (KBB) pathwa

150 xplain the relatively low chromosome loss in diploid human cells, consistent with their reliance on a

151 Using HSV-1-infected diploid human fibroblasts, an authentic target for HSV-1

152 -passage human embryonic lung cells or MRC-5 diploid human fibroblasts, the cells used for vaccine pr

153 aploid hydatidiform mole genome (CHM1) and a diploid human genome (NA12878) to test our approach.

154 This work presents the most contiguous diploid human genome assembly so far, with extensive inv

155 targeted the gene encoding OCT4 (POU5F1) in diploid human zygotes and found that blastocyst developm

156 ntercrossed natural genomes into an array of diploid hybrids with fully assembled and phased genomes,

157 In homoploid diploid hybrids, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) al

158 liana showed the same photosynthetic rate as diploids, indicating that polyploidization alone is like

159 ng models optimized for germline analysis of diploid individuals and somatic analysis of tumor-normal

160 salicylic acid, and jasmonate compared with diploid individuals.

161 In diploid isolates of C. neoformans var. grubii (serotype

162 y little about how elevated ploidy above the diploid level might affect plasticity.

163 oidisation process returning polyploids to a diploid-like state over time.

164 following: inbreeding avoidance, functional diploid males or alternative sex determination mechanism

165 eding increases the probability of producing diploid males, which are often sterile or inviable, sl-C

166 ality is partly attributable to the death of diploid males.

167 We used haploid and diploid meiotic seed tissues of a single self-fertilized

168 hat rapidly drives extinction of haploid and diploid MMR-proficient cells.

169 e been key to understanding gene function in diploid model organisms, are missing in many polyploid c

170 iation into its underlying genetic causes in diploid model organisms.

171 nesce and generate aneuploid survivors--near diploids monosomic for chromosome VIII.

172 some organisms existing as haploids (fungi), diploids (most mammals), and polyploids (plants).

173 nal-excess interploidy cross (2X6) between a diploid mother and a hexaploid father, leading to the se

174 upregulated in the 2x4 cross (pollinating a diploid "mother" with a tetraploid "father") but repress

175 ering deleterious mutations, evolution leads diploid mothers to strengthen selection among haploid sp

176 vidences a history that is distinct from the diploid Nod-independent clade, providing clues for the i

177 Here we report that the wild, diploid non-tuber-bearing Solanum americanum harbors mul

178 Specifically, the diploid O. punctata (B-genome) and O. officinalis (C-gen

179 ctata being the maternal donors, whereas the diploid O. punctata and O. eichingeri (C-genome) were th

180 entity has an effect on the fitness of their diploid offspring in a population of the aquatic peat mo

181 rent haploid mates) and fecundity (number of diploid offspring) for male genets compared with female

182 reduces the mutation load inherited by their diploid offspring.

183 ale meiosis, haploid eggs are generated from diploid oocytes.

184 for biallelic conditional gene knockouts in diploid or aneuploid cells, such as pluripotent stem cel

185 model, it is unclear how homolog pairing in diploids or environmental conditions influence overall g

186 d population mutation rate Theta=4N e mu for diploids or Theta=2N e mu for haploids (where N e is the

187 on distribution between the two alleles of a diploid organism and the characterization of allele-spec

188 the creation of a new, genetically distinct diploid organism.

189 Diploid organisms manipulate the extent to which their h

190 netic and genetic cis-regulatory elements in diploid organisms may cause allele specific expression (

191 Three key steps in meiosis allow diploid organisms to produce haploid gametes: (1) homolo

192 ion-diffusion model for sexually reproducing diploid organisms to study how a locally introduced gene

193 In diploid organisms, the transcriptional activation of one

194 tanding of haploid selection among seemingly diploid organisms.

195 sis, when haploid gametes are created from a diploid parent.

196 from one or both of the most closely related diploid parental populations.

197 nd the Iberian endemic, T. lamottei, are the diploid parents of T. castellanus, and that this polyplo

198 ploid (S(l) S(l) AA) wheat together with its diploid parents, Aegilops longissima (S(l) S(l) ) and Tr

199 The irreversibility of this process renders diploid partial apomicts evolutionarily short-lived, and

200 eraction analysis remains cumbersome in this diploid pathogen.

201 sequences, only seven other closely related diploid pathogenic Candida genomes encode the two TAF12

202 However, G protein subunit numbers in diploid plant genomes are greatly reduced as compared wi

203 ion of some of the largest known genomes for diploid plant species, from members of Fritillaria.

204 can also arise in somatic cells of otherwise diploid plants and animals, where it plays important rol

205 e conceptus are not megakaryocytes (MKs) but diploid platelet-forming cells (DPFCs) revealed a previo

206 ng plants, male gametes arise via meiosis of diploid pollen mother cells followed by two rounds of mi

207 the Hippo pathway effector Yap promotes the diploid-polyploid conversion and polyploid cell growth t

208 In contrast, the total response of a diploid population is increased by epistasis, for a give

209 ferential expression originating in parental diploid populations.

210 density reference-based haplotype maps using diploid potato clones as parents.

211 ats following polyploidy, we studied a model diploid progenitor (Gossypium raimondii, D-genome) of th

212 oned by sub genomes through alignment to the diploid progenitor D-genome reference sequence with dens

213 Aegilops tauschii is the diploid progenitor of the D genome of hexaploid wheat (T

214 nitary pseudogenes, we estimate that the two diploid progenitor species diverged around 34 million ye

215 nd a paternal, extinct Fragaria iinumae-like diploid progenitor, probably in Beringia during the Plei

216 y related and becomes further challenging if diploid-progenitor data is missing.

217 y in allopolyploids even in the absence of a diploid-progenitor.

218 We estimate that the two diploid progenitors successively diverged from Benincase

219 id Tragopogon mirus (2n=24), formed from the diploid progenitors T. dubius (2n=12, D-genome donor) an

220 polyploids were compared with those of their diploid progenitors using ecological niche modeling, nic

221 cently formed allotetraploids and their four diploid progenitors) to determine if expression patterns

222 chromosomes), that originated from distinct diploid progenitors.

223 aintained the chromosome structures of their diploid progenitors.

224 tween various Brassica tetraploids and their diploid-progenitors at a single-base resolution.

225 haploid reference genome into a personalized diploid reference genome.

226 Ipomoea imperati is a wild diploid relative of sweet potato with the capability of

227 ssive mutations previously identified in its diploid relatives.

228 otetraploid cottons and their tetraploid and diploid relatives.

229 nction also leads to fatal mitotic arrest in diploid RPE1 cells.

230 this study, we developed a genetic assay in diploid Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells to analyze DSBs r

231 As a reference, diploid salmon kept under equal conditions and with equa

232 vantageous since it does not require matched diploid samples for comparison, is less sensitive to glo

233 s comparable to that of PSMC' even on single diploid samples generated with standard coalescent and r

234 isolation with migration (IM), assuming two diploid samples without phase and outgroup information.

235 set of tuber quality phenotypic data from a diploid segregating mapping population of potato.

236 s pattern formation, venom production, haplo-diploid sex determination, and host-symbiont interaction

237 ve mode and ploidy because it is composed of diploid sexual and both diploid and polyploid asexual (i

238 cinale, the common dandelion, exists both as diploid sexuals and triploid apomicts.

239 l of the evolution of triploid apomicts from diploid sexuals.

240 mictic allele that arrests female meiosis in diploids, so that the plant produces diploid egg cells t

241 the published reference genome of a related diploid species (A. chinensis), the reference-based vers

242 the centromeres in the A-genome and related diploid species (B-, F- and G-genomes), indicating that

243 accession of Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds., a diploid species ancestral to cultivated peppermint and s

244 In Central Europe, the diploid species Arabidopsis lyrata and Arabidopsis areno

245 ypium hirsutum is generally susceptible, the diploid species G. arboreum is a natural source for resi

246 wn endogenous Dot1L in Xenopus tropicalis, a diploid species highly related to the well-known develop

247 The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.), a diploid species native to the mountainous regions of Cen

248 The two diploid species showed tissue-specific differences in ge

249 ons, SNPs polymorphic between tetraploid and diploid species were included for use in cultivated and

250 ed high-quality polymorphic clusters between diploid species, 47 116 polymorphic markers between cult

251 n outcome of crosses between closely related diploid species, but the genetic basis of this early-act

252 current primer design tools are tailored for diploid species.

253 nized differentiation process, starting with diploid spermatogonia, which include germ-line stem cell

254 generations, the haploid gametophyte and the diploid sporophyte [1].

255 ns regulate development of the multicellular diploid sporophyte in both mosses and flowering plants;

256 as a master cell cycle regulator during the diploid sporophyte phase of the plant.

257 are unable to form any sporophyte, the only diploid stage in the moss life cycle.

258 While most cells maintain a diploid state, polyploid cells exist in many organisms a

259 We generated diploid strain panels in which cells carried two, three,

260 Using a diploid strain that is heterozygous for an insertion of

261 sferase, Ime4, in meiosis and sporulation in diploid strains is very well studied, but its role in ha

262 ng a gene of interest, we are able to create diploid strains that are homozygous double-deletion muta

263 he runnerless (r) natural mutant in woodland diploid strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is due to a deletion

264 Fragaria vesca is a species of diploid strawberry being developed as a model for the oc

265 es produced pentaploids exclusively, whereas diploid-tetraploid crosses produced both triploids and t

266 y lower in tetraploid-hexaploid crosses than diploid-tetraploid crosses, mostly due to substantially

267 ploids, and unreduced gametes may facilitate diploid-tetraploid reproduction.

268 Compared with haploids and diploids, tetraploids undergo significantly faster adapt

269 iosis soon after their formation, but not in diploids that have been cloned and frozen.

270 the hotspot near the His4 locus, is found in diploids that undergo meiosis soon after their formation

271 The terms 'haploid' and 'diploid' that describe single (n) and double (2n) chromo

272 Relative to homozygous diploids, the presence of multiple homologs or homeologs

273 cause haploid cells can spontaneously become diploid, their enrichment at an early passage is key for

274 ion capture on diverged Saccharomyces hybrid diploids to obtain the first global view of chromosome c

275 rk offers the most complete decomposition of diploid traits to date and can be adapted to most model

276 ntal problem in studying gene regulation and diploid transcriptome profiles, with two key challenges:

277 confidence interval = 1.79-33.6]), a case of diploid/triploid mosaicism, and several cases of unipare

278 goat genome sequence is the most contiguous diploid vertebrate assembly generated thus far using who

279 Similar experiments were performed in diploid vs. aneuploid non-transformed human primary cell

280 ity reflects the relatedness consequences of diploid vs. haplodiploid inheritance.

281 ome methylation is highly conserved with the diploid wheat progenitor while sub-genome-specific methy

282 ed us to map the flowering time locus in the diploid wheat Triticum monococcum L. identifying a set o

283 sed on sexually antagonistic selection among diploids, which has been shown to be a potent driver of

284 -passage) and senescent (late-passage) human diploid WI-38 fibroblasts.

285 Aegilops markgrafii, a diploid wild relative of wheat (2n = 2x = 14), has a hig

286 WP1, ALS1, and ALS3 genes in the C. albicans diploid wild-type SC5314 and bcr1Delta/Delta, leading to

287 The diploid woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) is an impor

288 raspberry genome is largely collinear to the diploid woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) with a cons

289 laevis genome and compared it to the related diploid X. tropicalis genome.

290 and tissue explant-based protocols, and the diploid Xenopus tropicalis which is used for genetics an

291 es, the pseudo-tetraploid Xenopus laevis and diploid Xenopus tropicalis, as a model for postembryonic

292 ites are selected differently in haploid and diploid yeast cells: haploid cells bud in an axial manne

293 disease genes into a pool of 4653 homozygous diploid yeast deletion mutants with unique barcode seque

294 Together, these results reveal that the diploid yeast genome has a dynamic and complex 3D organi

295 uclear genome of a mismatch repair-deficient diploid yeast strain with elevated dCTP and dTTP concent

296 e created a genome-wide collection of >1,800 diploid yeast strains, each containing a different telom

297 st global view of chromosome conformation in diploid yeasts.

298 their origin as the recombinant progeny of a diploid zygospore.

299 egg recognize each other and fuse to form a diploid zygote.

300 , meiosis completion and formation of normal diploid zygotes.