ライフサイエンスコーパス: direction-selective

1 r than the centers, which are generally more direction selective.

2 Neither population was direction selective.

3 which acts directly on the DSGC, is already direction selective.

4 f cells in MT and 40%-60% in MST are pattern direction selective.

5 lapping ON and OFF subregions and are highly direction selective.

6 Neurons in both areas showed robust direction-selective activity during all phases of the ta

7 sufficiently vivid mental images to produce direction-selective adaptation in the visual system.

8 o V1, and three areas are significantly more direction selective (AL, RL, and AM).

9 osterior suprasylvian sulcus (PSS) were more direction selective and preferred shorter stimuli, highe

10 CS neurons are also more direction-selective and prefer faster stimuli than CC ne

11 with a behavioral-state signal and generated direction-selective and speed-sensitive graded changes i

12 These DNA patchy particles provide direction-selective and thermoreversible interactions, a

13 CaMP3 signals, we identify three subtypes of direction-selective and two subtypes of orientation-sele

14 eurons in cortical area MT (V5) are strongly direction selective, and their activity is closely assoc

15 imately 60% of task-related PFC neurons were direction selective, and this selectivity emerged 40 ms

16 Several human areas are both motion- and direction-selective, and a progression of motion-process

17 de strong connections with OFF delta, ON-OFF direction-selective, and W3 ganglion cells but weak, inc

18 n contrast, neurons in area MT were strongly direction selective but carried little, if any, explicit

19 ON DS cells, the masked OFF response is also direction selective, but its preferred direction is oppo

20 Both MSNs and FSIs were direction selective, but neighboring MSNs and FSIs showe

21 at the synaptic inputs to DS neurons are not direction selective, but temporally reversed excitatory

22 eptor-mediated centripetal inhibition to the direction-selective Ca(2+) responses in SAC distal proce

23 Direction-selective Ca(2+) transients persist in the pre

24 ttern direction selective (PDS) or component direction selective (CDS).

25 MT component direction-selective (CDS) neurons respond to the individ

26 gned to account for the responses of pattern direction selective cells in MT (or V5), an extrastriate

27 ed with forward motion, while other cortical direction selective cells perform this computation indep

28 We studied how temporal integration in direction-selective cells depends on speed, spatial freq

29 imate cortical area MT, different classes of direction-selective cells have been identified and relat

30 adaptive changes in temporal integration in direction-selective cells in macaque primary visual cort

31 we measure the receptive fields of the first direction-selective cells in the Drosophila visual syste

32 terneurons in the lamina and the medulla, to direction-selective cells in the lobula and lobula plate

33 The development of direction-selective cells in V1 requires visual experien

34 Some direction-selective cells showed delayed asymmetric inhi

35 o report the direction of a moving stimulus (direction-selective cells), and others distinguish the m

36 ermore, there are two independent systems of direction-selective cells, and one of these combines dir

37 l asymmetry in the synaptic connections from direction-selective cells, and this circuit feature can

38 Suppressive signals are especially potent in direction-selective cells, where they reduce responses t

39 d, consistent with the known anatomy of some direction-selective cells.

40 ation and somatic adaptation in the recorded direction-selective cells.

41 n both V1 and MT, BOLD responses increase in direction-selective channels tuned to the attended direc

42 rial-by-trial response amplitude in a set of direction-selective "channels." In both V1 and MT, BOLD

43 direction of motion in the visual scene, the direction selective circuit in the mouse retina depends

44 nt of an essential component in the retina's direction selective circuit.

45 The direction-selective circuit in the retina extracts the d

46 Significance statement: The direction-selective circuit in the retina has been a cla

47 The direction-selective circuit in the retina relies upon hi

48 crine cells (SACs), critical components of a direction-selective circuit, to address this issue.

49 und suppression and normalization; and (2) a direction-selective component, with comparable tuning wi

50 We show that cells are direction selective despite a broadly tuned excitatory a

51 ique subtype of retinal ganglion cell is the direction selective (DS) cell, which responds vigorously

52 tern and function of coupling between the ON direction selective (DS) ganglion cells, a unique subtyp

53 d regardless of cell class: simple, complex, direction selective (DS) or non-DS.

54 Specifically, how are previously identified direction-selective (DS) and orientation-selective (OS)

55 re, we studied the functional development of direction-selective (DS) circuits in the tectum of astra

56 Yet, direction-selective (DS) ganglion cells have been conspi

57 For example, rod and cone pathways enable direction-selective (DS) ganglion cells to encode motion

58 x (V1) circuitry, yet basic questions of how direction-selective (DS) receptive fields are constructe

59 A direction-selective (DS) retinal ganglion cell responds

60 On-Off direction-selective (DS) RGCs respond preferentially to

61 that Satb1 and Satb2 are expressed in ON-OFF direction-selective (DS) RGCs, complementing our previou

62 Electrical recordings suggested three direction-selective (DS) synaptic mechanisms: DS GABA re

63 from the ON pathway were critical for strong direction-selective (DS) tuning in the OFF pathway.

64 e implemented in a subset of On-Off DSGCs by direction-selective excitation and a temporal offset bet

65 dual direction selectivity is implemented by direction-selective excitation and temporal offset betwe

66 trifugal signal flow in dendrites underlying direction-selective GABA release from starburst amacrine

67 roperties of starburst cells responsible for direction-selective GABA release, we performed whole-cel

68 tant for generating direction selectivity in direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

69 sion from starburst amacrine cells (SACs) to direction selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

70 regions that match the termination zones of direction selective ganglion cells from the retina, sugg

71 Large bistratified cells (LBCs), resembling direction selective ganglion cells in other species, had

72 excitation and inhibition remain balanced in direction selective ganglion cells in the mouse retina o

73 h morphology corresponding to that of on-off direction selective ganglion cells.

74 daptation with short visual stimulation of a direction-selective ganglion cell using drifting grating

75 s of interneuron signals are integrated by a direction-selective ganglion cell, which creates a direc

76 itatory glutamatergic input to ON-OFF and ON direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and a subpopu

77 olar cells (BCs) provide excitatory input to direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) and GABAergic

78 Direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) are tuned to

79 Direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) fire robustly

80 t SACs make cholinergic synapses onto On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) from all dire

81 Retinal direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) have the rema

82 Direction selectivity of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) in the retina

83 In mammalian retina, On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) respond stron

84 in the retina where direction is encoded by direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs) that respond

85 A subset of retinal neurons, called direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), are speciali

86 ne cells (SACs) onto four subtypes of ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), each preferr

87 hibitory inputs onto four subtypes of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), each preferr

88 c synaptic connections with the dendrites of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs), exerts a spa

89 yric acid from starburst amacrine cells onto direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

90 GABA from starburst amacrine cells (SACs) to direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

91 Cs is important for the functional output of direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

92 Cs and recorded from them and their targets, direction-selective ganglion cells (DSGCs).

93 ro, from two types of genetically identified direction-selective ganglion cells (dsGCs): TRHR (thyrot

94 n 6A (Sema6A) is expressed in a subset of On direction-selective ganglion cells (On DSGCs) and is req

95 p inhibitory synaptic input fields of On-Off direction-selective ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs), which

96 We asked how ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) in mouse re

97 Here, we report that direction-selective ganglion cells can be identified in

98 In contrast, direction-selective ganglion cells in retina are present

99 Specific On-Off bistratified direction-selective ganglion cells in semaphorin 6A(-/-)

100 ne cells and their synaptic partners, ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells, express FLRT2 and ar

101 own to provide a major synaptic input to the direction-selective ganglion cells, participate in the d

102 ion selectivity in the retina is mediated by direction-selective ganglion cells.

103 ine cells and/or the ON-plexus of the ON-OFF direction-selective ganglion cells.

104 itical for generating directional signals in direction-selective ganglion cells.

105 es may reflect the functional segregation of direction-selective, high spatial frequency-preferring n

106 puts to DSGCs are also widely reported to be direction-selective, however, recent evidence suggests t

107 ction-selective motion adaptation produced a direction-selective imbalance in MT+ responses (and earl

108 Whether direction-selective information computed at the level of

109 This selectivity is governed by direction-selective inhibition from starburst amacrine c

110 However, whether direction-selective inhibition is indispensable for dire

111 e demonstrate that these interneurons convey direction-selective inhibition to wide-field neurons wit

112 We report five key features: (1) direction-selective inputs are developmentally invariant

113 many units are excited by visual motion in a direction-selective manner.

114 Recent work has elucidated direction-selective mechanisms in inhibitory circuitry,

115 To examine how direction-selective mechanisms parse the motion signals

116 es sufficiently vivid mental images to cause direction-selective motion adaptation in the visual syst

117 eliminating this confound, we observed that direction-selective motion adaptation produced a directi

118 st known relay neurons to signal small-field direction-selective motion responses [1].

119 and disparity-based 3D motions demonstrated direction-selective neuroimaging responses.

120 me-dependent signals were less consistent in direction selective neurons and were largely absent duri

121 5 mum region contains anterior and posterior direction-selective neurons (DSLGNs) intermingled with n

122 AE, and quantify the relative proportions of direction-selective neurons across human visual areas.

123 FM direction-selective neurons are found in the primary aud

124 perture problem" is particularly relevant to direction-selective neurons early in the visual pathways

125 d filter models to account for the output of direction-selective neurons in a general manner.

126 On half of the trials, we stimulated direction-selective neurons in area MT, thereby causing

127 lus is expressed in the responses of pattern-direction-selective neurons in area MT, which depend in

128 We also show that direction-selective neurons in macaque visual cortex gav

129 Direction-selective neurons in primary visual cortex hav

130 In contrast to direction-selective neurons in primary visual cortex, a

131 Direction-selective neurons in the middle temporal visua

132 Direction-selective neurons in the primary visual cortex

133 ammals, the perception of motion starts with direction-selective neurons in the visual cortex.

134 ound regions of the receptive fields of many direction-selective neurons in visual cortex.

135 Direction-selective neurons, which respond selectively t

136 ic lobe, T4 and T5 cells represent the first direction-selective neurons, with T4 cells responding se

137 Ring neurons show strong and, in some cases, direction-selective orientation tuning, with a notable p

138 sponse properties including: (1) orientation/direction-selective (OS/DS) cells with a firing rate tha

139 plaids, we classified MT neurons as pattern direction selective (PDS) or component direction selecti

140 Pattern direction-selective (PDS) neurons on the other hand, com

141 recurrent cross-inhibition can give rise to direction-selective persistent activity.

142 We demonstrate that this model displays direction-selective persistent activity.

143 anglion cells are generated in large part by direction-selective release of gamma-aminobutyric acid f

144 Using fMRI, we identified a direction-selective response bias in human visual cortex

145 Our goal was to determine how these direction-selective response patterns directly relate to

146 in the cross-area mutual information between direction-selective response patterns in V1 and MT, sugg

147 are then nonlinearly amplified to produce a direction-selective response.

148 subtype-specific input field for generating direction selective responses without significant glycin

149 ion of visual experience to the emergence of direction- selective responses in ferret visual cortex.

150 found that individual neurons exhibited weak direction-selective responses accompanied by a reduced b

151 A third class exhibits direction-selective responses and targets deeper SC laye

152 Direction-selective responses are detected at eye openin

153 Determining how direction-selective responses are generated across varie

154 Direction-selective responses are particularly vulnerabl

155 S cone stimuli produced robust, direction-selective responses at most recording sites, i

156 plays a critical role in the development of direction-selective responses in ferret visual cortex.

157 ptors are both involved in the generation of direction-selective responses in layer 2/3 cells of area

158 visual stimuli drives the rapid emergence of direction-selective responses in the visual cortex.

159 e impact of experience on the development of direction-selective responses in visually naive ferrets.

160 ot with a flashed stimulus, strengthened the direction-selective responses of individual neurons and

161 ing" stimulus induces rapid increases in the direction-selective responses of single neurons that can

162 Direction-selective responses to motion can be to the on

163 we find that brief motion adaptation evokes direction-selective responses to subsequently presented

164 evelopmental strategy for the elaboration of direction-selective responses, one in which experience-i

165 lta-LTMR lanceolate endings, which underlies direction-selective responsiveness of Adelta-LTMRs to ha

166 mework for small molecule-mediated site- and direction-selective restoration of iron transport.

167 le for neural activity in the development of direction-selective retinal circuits has not been establ

168 tative predictions about the connectivity of direction-selective retinal ganglion cell (DSRGC) inputs

169 On-Off direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) encod

170 Direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) respo

171 ngs and two-photon calcium imaging show that direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) utili

172 On-Off direction-selective retinal ganglion cells (On-Off DSGCs

173 at noise correlations in responses of ON-OFF direction-selective retinal ganglion cells are strongly

174 Direction-selective retinal ganglion cells show an incre

175 ls (SACs) and their known synaptic partners, direction-selective retinal ganglion cells, as well as t

176 simultaneous recordings from a population of direction-selective retinal ganglion cells, we demonstra

177 ateral shell, the primary terminal domain of direction-selective retinal ganglion cells.

178 The direction-selective retinal input is linearly amplified

179 l. (2015) and Sun et al. (2015) identify how direction-selective RGC axons match with their targets a

180 d that they include all three subtypes of On direction-selective RGCs (On-DSGCs), responding to upwar

181 Individual members of a group of ON-OFF direction-selective RGCs (ooDSGCs) detect stimuli moving

182 amyloid precursor protein (APP), a subset of direction-selective RGCs fail to target the nucleus of t

183 e spiking properties of ON, OFF, ON-OFF, and direction-selective RGCs were normal in young D2 mice.

184 y isolate the retinal inputs that individual direction-selective SC neurons receive and find that the

185 sis of the readout of simulated responses of direction-selective sensory neurons in the middle tempor

186 n calcium imaging in Drosophila, we describe direction selective signals in the dendrites of T4 and T

187 e results provide further evidence that: (1) direction-selective signals underly human MT+ responses,

188 imation weight these correlations to produce direction-selective signals.

189 We recorded the responses of direction-selective simple and complex cells in the prim

190 ation of excitatory and inhibitory inputs to direction-selective simple cells in cat visual cortex.

191 t that GABA(A) inhibition implements a local direction-selective static nonlinearity, rather than a f

192 hey generate are predominantly of the single direction-selective subtype.

193 We demonstrate that direction-selective suppression can impart selectivity o

194 h, iGluSnFR revealed spatial organization of direction-selective synaptic activity in the optic tectu

195 and Tm3 providing spatially offset input to direction-selective T4 cells, thereby forming the two in

196 pectedly, L1 and passes information onto the direction-selective T5 neuron.

197 mately dispensable for the correct wiring of direction-selective tectal circuits, but it is crucial f

198 e find that contralateral responses are more direction-selective than ipsilateral responses and are s

199 e primary visual cortex (V1) of primates are direction selective, they provide ambiguous information

200 visual experience is not required to produce direction-selective tuning.

201 Some neurons carried a direction-selective visual signal, consistent with a rol