ライフサイエンスコーパス: disproportionation

1 (I) + NO(g), leading to Cu(I)-mediated NO(g)-disproportionation.

2 o the lack of the protons needed for radical disproportionation.

3 ne reductase activity and in ETF semiquinone disproportionation.

4 may arise from their ability to promote H2O2 disproportionation.

5 metal-insulator transition in terms of bond disproportionation.

6 > HSNO + HNO2, where N2O3 is a product of NO disproportionation.

7 ormation can also proceed by triplex-triplex disproportionation.

8 ineer peroxidases with a higher rate of H2O2 disproportionation.

9 n peroxide, but the latter rapidly undergoes disproportionation.

10 mines decompose by N-O homolysis followed by disproportionation.

11 ibutes to the stabilization of Cu(I) against disproportionation.

12 Yet, given the stability of SiO2, the disproportionation 2SiO(s) --> Si(s)+SiO2(s) is exotherm

13 se lie near this linear curve fit with redox disproportionation accounting for 84% and 96% (and ATP o

14 stent with an EC mechanism of supramolecular disproportionation after reduction: [2]PR(0) + [2]PR(+)

15 ) and Sr(6)Co(5)O(15), as well as the charge disproportionation and associated phase transition of Sr

16 pW(CO)(2)(IMes)(*) is stable with respect to disproportionation and dimerization.

17 at the reaction proceeds through polyanionic disproportionation and formation of a low-density alkali

18 ectively, the manganese(III) azide undergoes disproportionation and forms mixtures of [PPh4]2[Mn(N3)4

19 to lead to differential reactivity, with NO disproportionation and N2O formation performed by the mo

20 Charge disproportionation and spin-density-wave fluctuations ob

21 ) intermediates are unstable with respect to disproportionation and yield initial reactants, k = 3.3

22 tide biosynthesis involves very little redox disproportionation, and consequently depends almost enti

23 concentration-dependent comproportionation, disproportionation, and hydrolysis reactions that contro

24 1 proceeds through a dispersion force-driven disproportionation, and is the reaction product of a Cu(

25 ion of xanthine oxidoreductase, nonenzymatic disproportionation, and reduction by deoxyhemoglobin, my

26 ide by xanthine oxidoreductase, nonenzymatic disproportionation, and reduction by deoxyhemoglobin.

27 secondary structures that result from duplex disproportionation are stabilized by coralyne intercalat

28 The function of sugar redox disproportionation as the major source of free energy fo

29 ssociated with two different types of charge disproportionation at Cl-terminated surface.

30 rin 4 (NP4) is capable of catalyzing nitrite disproportionation at neutral pH, producing NO.

31 te and Mn carbonate, can catalyze superoxide disproportionation at physiologically relevant concentra

32 micro-oxo bridge is proposed to initiate the disproportionation, based on analogy with the [Mn(III/)(

33 al and computational analysis supports redox disproportionation between [Cu(II)]-C6F5 and {[Cu(II)](C

34 and CN- titration studies suggest that O2*- disproportionation by [Ni(SODM2H(1)X)] proceeds via an o

35 We propose that duplex disproportionation by coralyne is promoted by both the t

36 released fitting with copper(I) ion promoted disproportionation chemistry, 3*NO + ligand-Cu(I) --> N(

37 Monothioarsenate disproportionation could be widespread in nature beyond

38 ns allow us to delineate the complete AtDPE1 disproportionation cycle in structural terms.

39 The rate and extent of ultrafast disproportionation depends on both the identity and conc

40 n of o-semiquinones outcompeting the classic disproportionation-driven catechol-quinone coupling and

41 The effect of the structural change on the disproportionation energy for COT is counteracted by the

42 is of the kinetics and thermodynamics of the disproportionation equilibrium and free radical coupling

43 ene by the two oxo derivatives, and apparent disproportionation equilibrium constants for the three s

44 lectron and proton transfer by including the disproportionation equilibrium, 2cis-[Ru(III)(bpy)2(py)(

45 ism that could be a synchronized, dynamical, disproportionation excitation, possibly via the solid st

46 This disproportionation facilitates an ultrafast LRP in which

47 and ranging from a highly negative DeltaH of disproportionation for CO to highly positive for PbO.

48 s thermodynamically unstable with respect to disproportionation, giving Li2O2.

49 environmental expression of sulfur compound disproportionation has been placed between 640 and 1050

50 Disproportionation in both red beds and lacustrine black

51 formation of chlorite and decreased the ClO2 disproportionation in the CuO-ClO2 system, probably beca

52 This level of fractionation implies disproportionation in the sulphur cycle, probably involv

53 bon dioxide, readily undergo decarboxylative disproportionation in THF solution unless in the presenc

54 ing the ability of Mn to catalyze superoxide disproportionation in vitro.

55 t conditions will indeed catalyze superoxide disproportionation in vitro.

56 Triplet ET quenching shows charge disproportionation increases the binding constant by no

57 hesis of 2 is accomplished by preventing the disproportionation into 1 by using the complexing agent

58 It is based on the reversible H(2)O(2) disproportionation into O(2) and H(2)O.

59 P(2)]Pt(Ph)(THF) (16) results primarily in a disproportionation into the complex molecular salt [[Ph(

60 n the presence of silyl triflates, reductive disproportionation is arrested by silylative esterificat

61 nce of CuO indicates that CuO-catalyzed HOBr disproportionation is completely inhibited by fast react

62 concept of application of solely thiosulfate disproportionation is discussed.

63 poly(dT)*poly(dA) with coralyne reveals that disproportionation is favored by as little as one molar

64 um heavily favors 17e radicals (e.g., PPh3), disproportionation is rate-limited by breakdown of the s

65 xhibited by this plot demonstrate that redox disproportionation is the principal energy source of the

66 As a rule, o-semiquinones decay through disproportionation leading to equimolar amounts of catec

67 are wide variations in the degree of charge disproportionation, length scale, and orientation in the

68 A disproportionation mechanism based on the diffusion of l

69 nd catalytically from aqueous solution via a disproportionation mechanism that is entirely different

70 Here we attempt to resolve its disproportionation mechanism.

71 alytic species does not proceed via a direct disproportionation mechanism; a reductive pathway is the

72 w that these results support the bond length disproportionation model of the MIT in the rare-earth ni

73 Instead, the products of disproportionation, namely, 3 and U(VI)O(2)((Ar)acnac)(2

74 ested that multiple catalytic paths for H2O2 disproportionation occur, which involve formation and co

75 Disproportionation occurs in less than 200 picoseconds b

76 y oxidant, and the equilibrium constants for disproportionation of (porphyrin)Mn(IV)(O) are in the or

77 Catalytic disproportionation of 1,2-diarylhydrazines promoted by (

78 The purified enzyme catalyzes both the disproportionation of 1-O-acyl-beta-Glcs to generate 1,2

79 aliphatic and cyclohexadienyl radicals; (3) disproportionation of 10 peroxyl radicals, and (4) unimo

80 -electron intermediates in the photochemical disproportionation of [CpW(CO)3]2 (Cp = C5H5) with Lewis

81 These reactions include the disproportionation of [HCo(dppe)(2)](+) to form [Co(dppe

82 Low pH was found to promote the disproportionation of [Mn(III/IV)(2)O(2)(terpy)(2)(OH(2)

83 peroxide was obtained through base-catalyzed disproportionation of a hydroperoxy endoperoxide availab

84 erated, photocatalytic complexes produced by disproportionation of a protonated-photoreduced dimer of

85 der reducing conditions is best explained by disproportionation of a transient organoiron intermediat

86 the Ti(II) species to a Ti(IV) imido via the disproportionation of an eta(2)-diazene-Ti(II) complex.

87 However, in the disproportionation of C-1 compounds, such as methanol, t

88 plotted as a function of the degree of redox disproportionation of carbon (disproportionative electro

89 These observations establish that redox disproportionation of carbon, and not ATP, is the primar

90 pramolecular complex catalyzes the reductive disproportionation of CO2 to CO and CO3(2-) at a lower o

91 is observed experimentally for the reductive disproportionation of CO2 to CO and CO3(2-) by a tyrosin

92 Bu)3)4], 1, promotes the selective reductive disproportionation of CO2 to yield CO and the mononuclea

93 he key step in this process is to allow full disproportionation of CuBr/Me6TREN (TREN = tris(dimethyl

94 For example, disproportionation of duplex (dA)16*(dT)16 by coralyne r

95 ule, can cause the complete and irreversible disproportionation of duplex poly(dA)*poly(dT) into trip

96 lyne can cause the complete and irreversible disproportionation of duplex poly(dT)*poly(dA).

97 high energy 2e(-)/3H(+)-intermediate through disproportionation of earlier 2e(-)/2H(+)-bearing interm

98 Positive Delta(33)S anomalies suggest that disproportionation of elemental sulfur would have been a

99 This tutorial review describes the self-disproportionation of enantiomers (SDE) of chiral, non-r

100 reductase activity and negligible impact on disproportionation of ETF 1e (-) catalyzed by ETF-QO.

101 a natural example of the recently discovered disproportionation of Fe(2+) at very high pressure and c

102 ing these reactions, graphite forms from the disproportionation of Fe(II)-bearing carbonates at high

103 ct reduction of H2O2, due to a fast chemical disproportionation of H2O2 at the N-CNT surface.

104 ies reveal that molecular sieves inhibit the disproportionation of H2O2, an observation that contradi

105 It has been shown previously that the disproportionation of halogen-containing oxidants (e.g.,

106 rSOF catalyzes the partial disproportionation of HDL into a cholesteryl ester-rich

107 the B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory show that disproportionation of HMgBr to MgH(2) and MgBr(2) is via

108 ive reactivity studies for the catalase-like disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide and the epoxidat

109 nisms for the reduction of oxygen and/or the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide during oxidation

110 ed by their ability to promote the catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and wa

111 by their proclivity to promote the catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and wa

112 trated by their reactivity for the catalytic disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and wa

113 e active site of Mn catalase catalyzes redox disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide, forming dioxyge

114 epoxidation reaction relative to a competing disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide.

115 BrO3(-)) can be formed via the CuO-catalyzed disproportionation of hypobromous acid (HOBr) pathway.

116 There is no significant enhancement of the disproportionation of hypoiodous acid (HOI) in the prese

117 rrespective of the stoichiometry, indicating disproportionation of indium halide byproduct formed dur

118 rrespective of the stoichiometry, indicating disproportionation of indium halide byproduct formed dur

119 per thousand) often serve as a proxy for the disproportionation of intermediate sulfur species in add

120 d by formation of LBH2C6F5 complexes through disproportionation of L2B2H5(+) HB(C6F5)3(-) .

121 Here, we report the evidences of the disproportionation of LiH above 130 GPa to form lithium

122 The roles of lithium salts in preventing the disproportionation of lithium beta-ketocarboxylates 1(CO

123 ver the duration of our experiments and that disproportionation of Mn(3+) occurs at a very slow rate.

124 Disproportionation of Mn(III)-PP occurred at pH 9.0, and

125 This is due to the complete disproportionation of Mo(4+), a phenomenon which has not

126 50% yield) and can efficiently catalyze the disproportionation of N2H4 to NH3 and N2.

127 Finally, HAO was found not to catalyze the disproportionation of NH(2)OH, despite the thermodynamic

128 e that the surface nitrate forms through the disproportionation of NO(2) on Ti sites (2NO(2,ads) -->

129 jing can be explained by enhanced hydrolytic disproportionation of NO2 on aqueous aerosol surfaces du

130 (II) and Mn(III) states during the catalyzed disproportionation of O(2)(*-), a catalysis that is limi

131 es a mononuclear Ni-center and catalyzes the disproportionation of O2*- by cycling between NiII and N

132 Additional H2S was provided by microbial disproportionation of sulfur, also explaining the increa

133 robiological processes of nitrate reduction, disproportionation of sulfur, and metallic electron grow

134 ortant antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the disproportionation of superoxide anion to oxygen and hyd

135 Catalysis of the disproportionation of superoxide by human manganese supe

136 is essential to its ability to catalyze the disproportionation of superoxide into dioxygen and hydro

137 ated nickel metalloenzyme that catalyzes the disproportionation of superoxide into dioxygen and hydro

138 SOD family is responsible for catalyzing the disproportionation of superoxide radical to oxygen and h

139 Each has catalytic activity in the disproportionation of superoxide that is typically 5-25%

140 y damaging oxygen radicals by catalyzing the disproportionation of superoxide to oxygen and hydrogen

141 inhibited, zero-order phase of the catalyzed disproportionation of superoxide.

142 dation and reduction cycles in the catalytic disproportionation of superoxide.

143 m concentration of the 2-e reduced form from disproportionation of the 1-e reduced form.

144 rprisingly reveal that O2 formation requires disproportionation of the [Co(IV)Co(III)3] state to gene

145 in largest part to a decrease in the rate of disproportionation of the alphaT266M ETF semiquinone cat

146 which is produced from the large equilibrium disproportionation of the anion radical.

147 of the oxide and can be related to a valence disproportionation of the cobalt ions and a concomitant

148 e product mixtures formed by combination and disproportionation of the corresponding free radical int

149 tter alkenes, a competing reaction involving disproportionation of the ditolylphosphine oxide into di

150 Examination of the extent to which disproportionation of the MADH and AADH semiquinones occ

151 Disproportionation of the photogenerated Ni(I) intermedi

152 1+/0 and 0/1- couples, there is substantial disproportionation of the redox sites at room temperatur

153 educed Sn(III)Br6(3-) to Sn(III)Br5(2-); (3) disproportionation of the reduced 2Sn(III)Br5(2-) to Sn(

154 superoxide, but this reaction competes with disproportionation of the semiquinone.

155 by urea-PAGE, this activity is observed as a disproportionation of the starting oligonucleotide into

156 lculated the free energy change due to redox disproportionation of the substrate carbon of (1) 26-car

157 sonitrile, a result of halogen migration and disproportionation of the valence symmetric core of 5, w

158 ct (mostly methylformate, generated from the disproportionation of two formaldehyde molecules).

159 (i) self-/autocatalysis and (ii) sequential disproportionations of boronic acid to borinic acid and

160 The transition is described as a disproportionation or charge ordering of [Nb2](7+) dimer

161 acid is crucial in determining the onset of disproportionation, or otherwise.

162 se action of deoxygenated hemoglobin, acidic disproportionation, or xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR).

163 would increase the selectivity for peroxide disproportionation over off-pathway one-electron chemist

164 xyamines that decompose by the N-O homolysis/disproportionation pathway are much less effective.

165 hat support the energetic feasibility of the disproportionation pathway are presented.

166 A previously undisclosed disproportionation pathway, catalyzed by the tert-butoxy

167 were formed from a CuO-catalyzed hypohalite disproportionation pathway.

168 goethite (alpha-FeOOH) to catalyze the ClO2 disproportionation (pathway 1), which predominated at hi

169 f amino acids and lipids suggests that sugar disproportionation played a central role in the origin o

170 egy significantly lowers the electrochemical disproportionation potentials (DeltaE), in comparison wi

171 inant under alkaline conditions and a Mn(3+) disproportionation process, which predominates under aci

172 -OMe)(4)] (5) is obtained as the result of a disproportionation process.

173 iation of the second H2O molecule in the 2:1 disproportionation process.

174 Only by air oxidation of the Cu(I) disproportionation product, [(bpy)Cu(CF3)] in equilibriu

175 rities, thus inhibiting the formation of the disproportionation products and increasing the FEM of pe

176 rogen evolution reaction, initiates aldehyde disproportionation promoted by hydroxide ions, which lea

177 For the disproportionation rate constant of [Fe2(bdt)(CO)6](-),

178 he tautomer forming step), a radical-radical disproportionation (RD), is an activated process.

179 nt may proceed by means of a reverse radical disproportionation reaction (RRD) as the rate-determinin

180 w (mu = 0.017 h(-1)) on this substrate via a disproportionation reaction by oxidizing the thio-group-

181 the protein is used as the substrate in the disproportionation reaction catalyzed by P. denitrifican

182 ics study reveals evidence for a first-order disproportionation reaction during discharge from an oxy

183 uggest that axial ligation enhances the O2*- disproportionation reaction in [Ni(SODM2)] (and NiSOD by

184 The disproportionation reaction is regiospecific, catalyzing

185 es with this 4 P(+III) --> P(-III) + 3 P(+V) disproportionation reaction occurring, since full conver

186 PP)Mn(IV)(O) (k = 5 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1)) and disproportionation reaction of (TPP)Mn(IV)(O) to give (T

187 h Mg(2+), catalysis proceeds via a reductive disproportionation reaction of 2CO2 + 2e(-) --> CO and C

188 behavior of the binary mixtures supports the disproportionation reaction of catecholamines, which has

189 rom cathode/electrolyte interface due to the disproportionation reaction of Mn(III), and the subseque

190 in gram quantities from the cryptand-driven disproportionation reaction of potassium superoxide (KO(

191 thermodynamic equilibrium established by the disproportionation reaction of reduced P species.

192 An interesting disproportionation reaction of the dearomatized, alkyl-s

193 o the three-electron-reduced state in a slow disproportionation reaction that consumes NADH: The [2Fe

194 atures in flowing gas, pentacene undergoes a disproportionation reaction to produce 6,13-dihydropenta

195 cule of vinyl arene, resulting in an overall disproportionation reaction with 1 equiv of ethyl arene

196 EBP1 also catalyzes a disproportionation reaction with certain compounds, in w

197 e to good yields, up to ca. 90% based on the disproportionation reaction.

198 l can also be found in solution because of a disproportionation reaction.

199 The photocatalyst is regenerated via a disproportionation reaction.

200 ermined from the equilibrium constant of the disproportionation reaction.

201 oduct of hydrogen peroxide activation during disproportionation reactions catalyzed by [LPd(OAc)]2(OT

202 It catalyzes transglycosylation/disproportionation reactions in which glycosyl or dextri

203 Disproportionation reactions involving phenyllithium lea

204 rate constant values for some hydrolysis and disproportionation reactions of dichloramine, monobromam

205 ation mass spectrometry of hydrogen peroxide disproportionation reactions suggested the presence of o

206 ccurs through consecutive comproportionation-disproportionation reactions where interfacial electron

207 Disproportionation reactions with 1:1 and 2:1 stoichiome

208 from coupled interfacial comproportionation-disproportionation reactions, where electron transfer fr

209 lucosyl residue from alpha(1-->4)-glucans in disproportionation reactions.

210 facile one-electron oxidation, reduction, or disproportionation reactions.

211 the result of base-catalyzed Cannizzaro-type disproportionation reactions.

212 However, disproportionation readily occurs upon heating above 35

213 We use a chemical reaction, such as a disproportionation redox reaction, to generate dilute ze

214 ruption to the host lattice using a solution disproportionation redox reaction.

215 chemically through a stepwise combination of disproportionation redox reactions, hydrazine reduction,

216 c C-C bond fragmentation followed by radical disproportionation, regenerating the carbonyl moiety and

217 esults indicated rapid initial rates of H2O2 disproportionation slowing concomitantly with the accumu

218 Because disproportionation slows as pH increases, both superoxid

219 and thermodynamics of coralyne-driven duplex disproportionation strongly depend on oligonucleotide le

220 )(tpy)(bpz)(OH2)](2+) to Ru(III) followed by disproportionation to [Ru(IV)(tpy)(bpz)(O)](2+) and [Ru(

221 Subsequent disproportionation to an Fe horizontal lineO species is

222 ith two molecules of CO2 to effect reductive disproportionation to CO and carbonate ([CO3 ](2-) ).

223 vity with 1,2-diphenylhydrazine resulting in disproportionation to form aniline and azobenzene via a

224 roseconds in alcohol solvents, and decays by disproportionation to form TPZ and a reduced heterocycle

225 Tren(TIPS))(NH)] (4) resulted in spontaneous disproportionation to give 1 and the uranium-nitride com

226 ting that previous claims that 1 promotes NO disproportionation to give 3 may have been compromised b

227 e dimers are activated for catalysis through disproportionation to Pd(IPr)(eta(3)-allyl)Cl and monoli

228 s peroxide, RS(O)SR (R = p-tolyl), underwent disproportionation to RS(O)(2)SR and RSSR.

229 converted by reduction to sulfide as well as disproportionation to sulfide and sulfate.

230 reduction and that deprotonation results in disproportionation to the parent thiol and S(0), thus pr

231 The energy and disproportionation values of E. coli amino acid and lipi

232 hese measurements imply that sulfur compound disproportionation was an active part of the sulfur cycl

233 -ketoesters, new mild conditions for the Nef disproportionation were identified.

234 ermodynamically and kinetically favored over disproportionation with a 1:1 stoichiometry.

235 Disproportionation with a 2:1 stoichiometry is thermodyn

236 er process via three pathways: (1) catalytic disproportionation with equimolar formation of chlorite

237 There is no major change in the heat of disproportionation with pressure, i.e., no range of stab

238 thiosulfate to sulfide and (ii) thiosulfate disproportionation without the need for an electron dono