ライフサイエンスコーパス: dithionite

1 with strong reducing reagents such as sodium dithionite).

2 tra that are distinct from those produced by dithionite.

3 hat could be reduced to the ferrous state by dithionite.

4 cannot be reduced by anaerobic additions of dithionite.

5 -nZVI) was sulfidated with either sulfide or dithionite.

6 650 nm upon illumination in the presence of dithionite.

7 oderately sensitive to reduction with excess dithionite.

8 of product in the absence of electrons from dithionite.

9 A by pterin-free iNOS(heme) are derived from dithionite.

10 with enzyme-active sites in the presence of dithionite.

11 reduced species during titration with sodium dithionite.

12 f all three subunits, ATP, and the reductant dithionite.

13 influx pathway activated in the presence of dithionite.

14 by oxygen and reactivated by reduction with dithionite.

15 ompared with BCAs that were not treated with dithionite.

16 llular membranes are relatively permeable to dithionite.

17 n of 3-nitrotyrosine to 3-aminotyrosine with dithionite.

18 leaflet of membranes that are impermeant to dithionite.

19 d by NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase than by dithionite.

20 treating cells with sodium sulfite or sodium dithionite.

21 tions where the membrane is semipermeable to dithionite.

22 xperiments following the reduction of HAO by dithionite.

23 t phase requires more than one equivalent of dithionite.

24 of fluorescence intensity upon readdition of dithionite.

25 r leaflet probe with externally added sodium dithionite.

26 added to the Moco by treatment with Na2S and dithionite.

27 fit to establish the half-order reaction in dithionite.

28 of the visible chromophore upon addition of dithionite.

29 omplemented "FeMoco" in the presence of 2 mM dithionite.

30 es in the presence of Fe protein, MgATP, and dithionite.

31 n of the NifEN-associated precursor in 20 mM dithionite.

32 n be efficiently cleaved upon treatment with dithionite.

33 to paramagnetic forms by enzymatic donors or dithionite.

34 to paramagnetic forms by enzymatic donors or dithionite.

35 tered behavior of CHO-H466A with sulfite and dithionite.

36 l, and has a slowed heme a(3) reduction with dithionite.

37 exposed to the hemoprotein reductant sodium dithionite (1 mmol/L) under N(2), there is a partial rev

38 Upon further reduction with excess dithionite a signal at g = 15 appeared with the concomit

39 Upon reduction of the SoxAX complex with dithionite, a change occurs in the ligands of heme-2 in

40 CO2 in the presence of dithionite, or CS2 in dithionite accelerate CN- dissociation from this site.

41 The inhibitor CS2 in the presence of dithionite also accelerates the decline of Cred1, leadin

42 ull reduction of H(4)B-bound iNOS(heme) with dithionite also requires 2 to 2.5 electron equiv.

43 Incubation of Ni-activated alpha with dithionite and CO converted 25% of alpha subunits into t

44 incubations of the inactivated P450 2E1 with dithionite and CO resulted in a recovery of both the CO

45 to the reduced form upon addition of sodium dithionite and hydrogen.

46 y loaded protein is reduced both directly by dithionite and indirectly by the type 2 Cu (T2Cu) site v

47 ants by revealing reactivity unobserved when dithionite and mediators are used as the reductant.

48 ve titrations of CODH/ACS with CO and sodium dithionite and monitored the reaction by electron parama

49 avior of both enzyme forms on reduction with dithionite and NADPH, and the interaction of NADP+ with

50 The effects of dithionite and nZVI loadings, carboxymethyl cellulose (C

51 Dithionite and photochemical reductions of Erv2p show fu

52 Reductive and oxidative titrations with dithionite and potassium ferricyanide, respectively, sho

53 Reduction of the mutant with sodium dithionite and reoxidation with Me(2)SO, however, regene

54 rnative oxy-hemoglobin assay that eliminates dithionite and suggest that the efficacy of CO-RMs resul

55 scence spectra, titration behavior with both dithionite and sulfite, and preferential binding of the

56 quinol (O-quinol) generated by reduction by dithionite and the physiologically relevant aminoquinol

57 cofactor is cleaved only in the presence of dithionite and the substrate analogue trans-4,5-dehydrol

58 brane bilayer was followed by quenching with dithionite and TNBS, respectively.

59 inol form that was generated by reduction by dithionite, and an N-quinol form that was generated by r

60 diferric cluster could be reduced by sodium dithionite, and the diferrous state was found to be stab

61 zyme could be regenerated in the presence of dithionite, and the reduced enzyme is resistant to inact

62 ition, ODQ-oxidized sGC can be re-reduced by dithionite, and this re-reduced sGC has identical NO-sti

63 ants used in these experiments (AH2DS, CN32, dithionite, and uraninite).

64 e next reduced to aminotyrosines with sodium dithionite, and-at pH 5.0-cleavable biotin tags were sel

65 Flavin oxidation of dithionite- and dimethylglycine-reduced enzyme by O2 occ

66 Analysis of the dithionite- and DTT-reduced derivatives indicated that c

67 Dithionite apparently effects the Cred1/Cred2 conversion

68 n the catalytic activity of the enzyme using dithionite as a reducing agent are discussed.

69 r, and resonance Raman spectroscopies, using dithionite as the electron donor.

70 n-free iNOS(heme) was examined, using sodium dithionite as the reductant.

71 e the first step in vitro in the presence of dithionite as the reductant.

72 talysis using E. coli IspH as the enzyme and dithionite as the ultimate electron source.

73 -quinol and O-semiquinone forms of MADH with dithionite, as well as an N-semiquinone form which conta

74 Upon reduction with dithionite at high pH, the visible spectra of both the w

75 s twice as energy efficient (ATP/2e- = 2) as dithionite (ATP/2e- = 4).

76 s containing SAM, BChlide c or d, and sodium dithionite, BciD catalyzed the conversion of SAM into 5'

77 In contrast, citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate (CDB) extraction at room temperat

78 nzyme cannot convert to the Cred2 form using dithionite, but pretreatment with CO or CO2/dithionite e

79 radical can add to the [4Fe-4S] cluster and dithionite can be used to trap radicals at the active si

80 Treatment with dithionite caused Fe (3+) ions of the nanoparticles to b

81 PS I, reduction of F(A) and F(B) with sodium dithionite causes a approximately 30% increase in the am

82 ant strategy to characterize Fe plaque using dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extraction and elem

83 The sensitivity of FeMoco maturation to dithionite concentration suggests an essential role of r

84 ore, the rate of reaction was independent of dithionite concentration, indicating that dithionite doe

85 The conversion rate varies with dithionite concentration.

86 Fe(II)-CBS with nitrite was obtained at low dithionite concentrations.

87 ption, estimates of quinone content based on dithionite consumption by the HS under anoxic conditions

88 de leaves most of the nZVI as Fe(0), whereas dithionite converts a majority of the nZVI to FeS (thus

89 The reducing agents, dithionite, deferoxamine, and dithiothreitol, reversed a

90 e wild-type protein and is reduced by sodium dithionite, demonstrating that it is a flavin-binding do

91 ytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), the kinetics of dithionite-dependent reduction was studied in solution,

92 A dithionite-dependent transient formation of flavin semiq

93 Under dithionite-depleted conditions, Av2 undergoes an Av1-med

94 apacity by 44%, while exposure to millimolar dithionite did not increase the buffering capacity.

95 of dithionite concentration, indicating that dithionite does not reduce nitrite to nitric oxide direc

96 tylene-reduction reactions using Ti(III) and dithionite (DT) as reductants were examined and compared

97 ured and compared to the same reaction using dithionite (DT).

98 e protein), ATP, and an exogenous reductant (dithionite, DT), as with N2 and known alternative substr

99 An alternative assay uses dithionite (DTH) to provide reduced Fd.

100 ox per Av1 can accumulate in the presence of dithionite during catalysis, suggesting that the convers

101 dithionite, but pretreatment with CO or CO2/dithionite effectively "cures" such batches of this disa

102 f directly reducing the flavin cofactor, but dithionite eliminated the FMN peaks, indicating successf

103 sulfidation for this purpose (using sulfide, dithionite, etc.) is the main topic of this review, but

104 ss trimethylamine, but not by reduction with dithionite, even at high pH or in the presence of the ef

105 (N2-equilibrated solution containing 0.5 mM dithionite) evoked exocytosis from type I cells when ext

106 In addition, we have shown that dithionite evokes catecholamine release regardless of PO

107 ins 18.6 mol Fe/mol and, upon reduction with dithionite, exhibits an unusually strong S = 1/2 EPR sig

108 tation in the presence of a S-source such as dithionite (Fe/FeS).

109 Additional sodium dithionite first produces some neutral, blue flavin semi

110 educed to 3-aminotyrosine (3AT) using sodium dithionite followed by derivatization of light and heavy

111 tivated samples that were first reduced with dithionite for 1 h prior to CO exposure recovered their

112 signal as prepared but, after reduction with dithionite, gave an electron paramagnetic resonance sign

113 ents to the 5'-deazaFAD T491V reductase from dithionite generated a stoichiometric amount of the FMN

114 Reduction with dithionite generates its Cu(I) homologue which is again

115 at the two-electron level by NADPH, NADH or dithionite generates the same spectral species, consiste

116 treatment of the reconstituted protein with dithionite gives rise to an axial EPR spectrum, displayi

117 ared either anaerobically using DMS or using dithionite, have been characterized.

118 rmal stability upon reduction of copper with dithionite identified transitions resulting from the unf

119 ously been shown that reduction of BioB with dithionite in 60% ethylene glycol produces one [4Fe-4S](

120 ith GTP, S-adenosyl-L-methionine, and sodium dithionite in the absence of MoaC.

121 n studies show that anaerobic reduction with dithionite in the presence of 60% (v/v) ethylene glycol

122 in is completely bleached instantaneously by dithionite in the presence of atmospheric oxygen, which

123 After reduction with sodium dithionite in the presence of light, approximately 65% o

124 at when a HbRC core is incubated with sodium dithionite in the presence of light, the 15 ms charge re

125 Reduction of the FAD cofactor with dithionite increases the quantum yield of repair.

126 Reductive titration using dithionite indicates a five-electron capacity for DHODB.

127 Reductive titration with sodium dithionite indicates heme reduction takes place prior to

128 In contrast, proline and sodium dithionite induce tight binding of PutA to the lipid bil

129 residues, remains ferric in the presence of dithionite ion.

130 We found that chemically reduced (dithionite) iron-bearing clay minerals reduced nitrobenz

131 Sodium dithionite is added subsequently to reduce the nitro gro

132 Dithionite is reported in this paper to effect this conv

133 emodin hydroquinone, for example with sodium dithionite, is obligatory for the enzymatic reduction by

134 duction of the ferric-NO species with sodium dithionite led to the formation of two spectrally distin

135 eaction requires an ATP-regenerating system, dithionite, molybdate, homocitrate, and at least NifB-co

136 Sodium dithionite (Na(2)S(2)O(4)), lowering pO(2) to 10 Torr, a

137 d when [Ca2+]o was doubled.Hypoxia by sodium dithionite (Na2S2O4) induced large [Ca2+]i increases in

138 ion of the Hox sample with 100% H2 or sodium dithionite (NaDT) nearly eliminated the 2.1 signal, whic

139 Characterization analysis of the nZVI-dithionite nanoparticles shows that most of the iron was

140 nding domain resulted in extracts possessing dithionite-nitrite reductase activity but no NADPH-nitri

141 c reductase activity and an FAD-independent dithionite-nitrite reductase activity.

142 y but no NADPH-nitrite reductase activity or dithionite-nitrite reductase activity.

143 hat occur when oxidized CODHCt is reduced by dithionite occur within 2 min at 10 degrees C.

144 The effects of CO2, CS2, CO, and dithionite on the Cred1/Cred2 conversion rate followed a

145 Dithionite or 6-methyltetrahydropterin can reduce the ir

146 ne (SAH) and a strong reducing agent such as dithionite or deazariboflavin and light.

147 Reduction with either sodium dithionite or dithiothreitol decreased the copper bindin

148 Reduction of the oxidase with dithionite or dithiothreitol under anaerobic conditions

149 In the presence of sodium dithionite or in the presence of P. aeruginosa ferredoxi

150 ns show that approximately 1 equiv of sodium dithionite or NADPH is required to fully reduce C135S-C3

151 anges occur on CYP51 reduction (using either dithionite or natural redox partners), including a blue-

152 Thus, dithionite or photochemical reduction of the 60 kDa frag

153 the flavin cofactor was reduced by NADPH or dithionite or photochemically.

154 naerobic reduction of the enzyme with sodium dithionite or substrate yields no detectable semiquinone

155 ts that only the 30% fraction not reduced by dithionite or Ti3+ citrate represents functional A-clust

156 Upon reduction with dithionite or Ti3+ citrate, samples of Ni-activated alph

157 n (nitrogen flushing followed by addition of dithionite), or transiently, by rapidly mixing oxyhemogl

158 ding to FCII, and CO, CO2 in the presence of dithionite, or CS2 in dithionite accelerate CN- dissocia

159 e sulfidation reagent (viz., sodium sulfide, dithionite, or thiosulfate) or the sequence of sulfidati

160 he outer leaflet of the plasma membrane with dithionite permitted quantification of the internal cell

161 nnot be reduced by cytochrome c, but only by dithionite, possibly due to a large decrease in its redu

162 treating them with the reducing agent sodium dithionite prior to EPR measurements.

163 Reduction by dithionite produces a mixed-valence Cu(Z) site (Z(mv)) w

164 hotoaccumulation at 205 K in the presence of dithionite produces EPR signals in anaerobically prepare

165 ion of this RRE reaction product with sodium dithionite produces the one-electron-reduced RRE, having

166 lusters per dimer; subsequent reduction with dithionite produces two [4Fe-4S](1+) clusters per BioB d

167 via 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl (NBD)/dithionite quenching assays.

168 Quantitative dithionite quenching of fluorescent extracellular NBD he

169 Measurement of the extent of dithionite quenching of the fluorescence of 7-nitrobenz-

170 cribes a method in which the initial rate of dithionite quenching, rather than the extent of quenchin

171 in CPR reduced to the two-electron level by dithionite rather than NADPH, demonstrating that coenzym

172 ically isolated (oxidized) and the anaerobic dithionite-reduced (at pH 8.0) forms of the native Azoto

173 ned oxidized (P(OX)/M(OX)) and the native or dithionite-reduced (P(N)/M(N)) forms of the enzyme.

174 ther with a third, b-type heme, exhibiting a dithionite-reduced absorbance maxima at 560 nm and not a

175 ntermediate in value between those seen with dithionite-reduced and NADPH-reduced enzyme, indicating

176 n and the DeltanifH MoFe protein in both the dithionite-reduced and oxidized states.

177 hobic cyanide analogue, butyl isocyanide, to dithionite-reduced b(6) f complex perturbs and significa

178 hat, in the case of low Fe-bearing (STx) and dithionite-reduced clays, the Fe(II) uptake follows the

179 redominantly present as Fe(II) on Fe-low and dithionite-reduced clays.

180 Dithionite-reduced crystals or crystals formed from dith

181 Furthermore, the dithionite-reduced Delta(nifH) MoFe can be further reduc

182 is study clearly shows that each half of the dithionite-reduced DeltanifH MoFe protein contains a [4F

183 used as a model quinone substrate to oxidize dithionite-reduced DHOD.

184 features observed during EPR spectroscopy of dithionite-reduced DHODB are consistent with the midpoin

185 OS) by bubbling O2 through a solution of the dithionite-reduced enzyme at -30 degrees C in a cryogeni

186 the air-oxidized enzyme, while the NADH- or dithionite-reduced enzyme exhibits a stable anionic flav

187 erature jump experiments were performed with dithionite-reduced enzyme in the presence of 2',5'-ADP a

188 and in absorption transients collected with dithionite-reduced enzyme indicates this phase does not

189 ite-reduced crystals or crystals formed from dithionite-reduced enzyme revealed the absence of the ab

190 vel with NADPH is 55 +/- 2 s-1, whereas with dithionite-reduced enzyme the observed rate is 11 +/- 0.

191 We attribute the coupled protons in the dithionite-reduced enzyme to coordinated water at the co

192 btained for the oxidized, NADPH-reduced, and dithionite-reduced enzyme.

193 e loss of one N- (or O-) donor ligand in the dithionite-reduced enzyme.

194 Addition of CO to the dithionite-reduced ferrous C52 mutants results in spectr

195 and with carbon monoxide and cyanide in the dithionite-reduced form.

196 experiments performed on the succinate- and dithionite-reduced forms of the enzyme demonstrated that

197 When sodium dithionite-reduced LipA was incubated with octanoyl-ACP,

198 The NADPH- and dithionite-reduced Mo(IV) forms of the enzyme are des-ox

199 also evident in the EPR signal seen with the dithionite-reduced native enzyme, and this coupling is l

200 ronic coupling as do the ET reactions of the dithionite-reduced O-quinol and O-semiquinone forms.

201 6 A for oxidized OmcA, and 89 A for NADH and dithionite-reduced OmcA).

202 ined in air-oxidized, succinate-reduced, and dithionite-reduced preparations at 4-10 K.

203 ower saturation profile were detected in the dithionite-reduced preparations at a low temperature ran

204 Treatment of the dithionite-reduced protein with L-serine results in a sl

205 ichroism (VTMCD) studies of the as-prepared, dithionite-reduced protein.

206 : +2 for the as-purified protein, and +1 for dithionite-reduced protein.

207 s cytochrome P450-CAM with one equivalent of dithionite-reduced putidaredoxin (Pdx) was monitored for

208 nzyme active site, whereas ET reactions from dithionite-reduced quinol and semiquinone forms of MADH

209 se have been investigated in as-prepared and dithionite-reduced samples using the combination of UV-v

210 xidized state and at 1.5 A resolution in the dithionite-reduced state, providing the first structural

211 In the dithionite-reduced state, the beta-188(Cys) MoFe protein

212 ous work, the higher-resolution data for the dithionite-reduced structure suggest that the heme may b

213 EPR spectra of dithionite-reduced, Ni-activated alpha exhibited feature

214 The dithionite-reduced, resting states of the alpha-96(Leu)-

215 protoheme concentration is estimated from a dithionite-reduced-minus-ferricyanide-oxidized spectrum.

216 By contrast, dithionite reduces the oxidized B-cluster much faster, p

217 etected in terms of a change in the ratio of dithionite-reducible probe to total probe.

218 hydrolysis rates were 20 times higher under dithionite reducing conditions (approximately 4,000 nmol

219 While in 60% ethylene glycol the product of dithionite reduction is one [4Fe-4S](2+) cluster per dim

220 report here the first detailed study of the dithionite reduction kinetics of a copper-containing dis

221 es showed that superoxide anion generated by dithionite reduction of molecular oxygen was not a facto

222 Dithionite reduction of PutA, however, caused formation

223 he Cu(I) protein could be prepared by either dithionite reduction of the Cu(II) derivative or by reco

224 on, solvent extraction, O-deacetylation, and dithionite reduction to produce an analyte containing N-

225 Dithionite reduction under CO yielded an absorbance maxi

226 During dithionite reduction, an EPR resonance with g approximat

227 e native b(561) by pH adjustment followed by dithionite reduction, suggesting the reversibility of th

228 ated with 60% (v/v) glycerol after prolonged dithionite reduction.

229 and Geobacter sulfurreducens) and chemical (dithionite) reduction experiments revealed a two-stage p

230 (2) Dithionite reductive activation results in the formation

231 Under H2 or sodium dithionite reductive treatments, the EPR spectra show si

232 uctive cleavage reaction upon treatment with dithionite, releasing unmodified FMN.

233 ent reduction of the [4Fe-4S](2+) cluster by dithionite reported earlier.

234 f the iron-substituted Fe3+-Fe2+ enzyme with dithionite resulted in a gradual loss of activity toward

235 Titration of the FMN domain with sodium dithionite resulted in the conversion of the protein to

236 Reduction of emodin by sodium dithionite resulted in the formation of two tautomeric f

237 and anaerobic reduction of BioB with sodium dithionite results in conversion to enzyme containing [4

238 Reduction with sodium dithionite results in small quantities of an S = 1/2 [4F

239 Fe-4S]1+ cluster; reduction of SP lyase with dithionite results in the appearance of a new EPR signal

240 of carbon monoxide to CpI in the presence of dithionite results in the inhibition of hydrogen evoluti

241 publication-grade graphical presentation of dithionite scramblase assays and demonstrate its utility

242 [3Fe-4S] center, and reduction of SplB with dithionite shifted the spectrum to that of a [4Fe-4S] ce

243 the TMADH x ETF protein complex with sodium dithionite shows that a total of five electrons are take

244 apidly mixing oxyhemoglobin with nitrite and dithionite simultaneously.

245 n this process, and the optimal potential of dithionite solution could serve as a guideline for futur

246 e same extent as samples not pretreated with dithionite, suggesting that the major defect was an inab

247 shows that when purified in the presence of dithionite, T14C FdI is an O2-sensitive 8Fe protein.

248 ioredoxin reductase from human placenta with dithionite takes place in two spectral phases: formation

249 confirm that it is the reducing agent sodium dithionite that facilitates release of CO from these CO-

250 As isolated in the presence of excess dithionite the MoFe cluster-containing protein is EPR si

251 ast, in the absence of the strong reductant, dithionite, the carboxylate of 6-CP is esterified to gen

252 Dithionite, Ti(III) citrate, and NADH are able to serve

253 Dithionite titration of an R303M mutant [E(FAD, Cys42-su

254 As a method, anoxic dithionite titrations may further allow additional insig

255 uring reductive titrations (91% yield during dithionite titrations), although the relatively slow for

256 nteraction is generated during NADH, but not dithionite, titrations and may be indicative of a specie

257 up to 38 h and by reductive titration adding dithionite to enzyme and mediator.

258 amino acids can be hydrolyzed with alkaline dithionite to generate the free amino acid.

259 for an 18-amino acid peptide substrate using dithionite to supply the requisite electron and a value

260 nones by addition of small molar excesses of dithionite to these samples under anoxic conditions prod

261 an alternative treatment coupling nZVI with dithionite to treat 1,2-DCA is proposed in this work.

262 Following removal of dithionite, transbilayer lipid redistribution (presumabl

263 prepared in the as-isolated redox state, the dithionite-treated state, and the O 2-treated state.

264 isms for 1,2-DCA degradation by coupled nZVI-dithionite treatment.

265 tly, incubation of the oxidized protein with dithionite under anaerobic conditions leads to restorati

266 When BMR is titrated with NADPH or sodium dithionite under anaerobic conditions, addition of 2 ele

267 t when its [2Fe-2S] clusters were reduced by dithionite under anaerobic conditions, and it was rapidl

268 released from Ndi1 by treatment with NADH or dithionite under anaerobic conditions.

269 is very slow to reduce with cytochrome c or dithionite under stopped-flow and steady-state condition

270 pecies and nanoparticles were not reduced by dithionite until the detergent deoxycholate was added to

271 nitrite was characterized in the presence of dithionite using hemoglobin in solution or bound to the

272 Upon partial reduction with dithionite using methyl viologen as a mediator, a signal

273 slower rate (kso = 5.3 x 10(-2) M-1 s-1 for dithionite vs 4.4 x 10(6) M-1 s-1 for CO).

274 ely, and when electron acceptors are absent; dithionite was a very poor substitute.

275 Coupled nZVI-dithionite was able to degrade >90% 1,2-DCA over the cou

276 Secretion was also observed when 0.5 mM dithionite was added to air-equilibrated solutions.

277 Anaerobic reduction with dithionite was complete at 1 equiv.

278 A precisely obeyed half-order reaction in dithionite was observed at concentrations up to 21 mM wi

279 leading to an overestimation of GSSG levels, dithionite was used to reduce GSSG.

280 iferyl-N-acetyl-alpha-D-neuraminic acid, and dithionite), we find that yeast vacuolar SNAREs (SNAP [S

281 ly increases the rate of reduction by sodium dithionite when compared to pentacoordinate hemoglobins.

282 A reducing agent, such as dithionite, which can quench the fluorescence of accessi

283 s oxidation state ([Fe4S4]0), in contrast to dithionite, which only reduces Av2 to the [Fe4S4]1+ stat

284 ith different rate constants of reduction by dithionite, while the second conformer shows no response

285 in protein solutions alone i.e. when sodium dithionite, widely used in previous studies of CO releas

286 Subsequent treatment with CO or dithionite yielded C(red2).