ライフサイエンスコーパス: ectotherm

1 quilibrium body temperature of an individual ectotherm.

2 ver broader temperature ranges than tropical ectotherms.

3 e to environmental conditions, especially in ectotherms.

4 that of oxygen consumption in endotherms and ectotherms.

5 mammals, lineages of LMP7 are restricted to ectotherms.

6 d-across geographic ranges of several marine ectotherms.

7 uring cold exposure in this diverse group of ectotherms.

8 being considerably faster in endotherms than ectotherms.

9 ic demands and energy requirements of marine ectotherms.

10 eed the physiological thermal limits of most ectotherms.

11 -visual roles, including thermoregulation in ectotherms.

12 limits among related species of terrestrial ectotherms.

13 lly rather than linearly with temperature in ectotherms.

14 at these results are general for terrestrial ectotherms.

15 For ectotherms, a major constraint on activity is environmen

16 Here, we compile thermal-tolerance limits of ectotherms across a wide range of latitudes and elevatio

17 We compare how major groups of vertebrate ectotherms (amphibians) and endotherms (birds) respond t

18 were intermediate to those of endotherms and ectotherms and closest to those of extant mesotherms.

19 ponsible for tuberculosis-like infections in ectotherms and is an occasional opportunistic human path

20 ions that widespread extinctions of tropical ectotherms, and tropical forest lizards in particular, w

21 Tiny ectotherms are confined to surfaces and are variously su

22 Ectotherms are considered to be particularly vulnerable

23 Phytoplankton and many other ectotherms are smaller at higher temperatures.

24 Tropical ectotherms are thought to be especially vulnerable to cl

25 In ectotherms, behaviors that elevate body temperature may

26 n apparent general decrease in body sizes of ectotherms, both across and within taxa, especially in a

27 mergence is widely reported in high-latitude ectotherms, but a significant number of species exhibit

28 tion can set heat tolerance for some aquatic ectotherms, but only at unrealistic lethal temperatures

29 ht to lead to increased immune reactivity in ectotherms, but we found that the effect of temperature

30 ate warming is expected to benefit temperate ectotherms by lengthening the summer growing season, dec

31 Rather, we propose that tropical ectotherms can perform over a narrower range of temperat

32 y the partitioning of the climatic niche, as ectotherms can rely on water availability and thermoregu

33 In freeze-tolerant ectotherms, cold hardiness is influenced by complex, sea

34 How cells in ectotherms cope with the myriad disruptive effects of te

35 In warming climates, however, aquatic ectotherms could experience frequent fluctuations in foo

36 inting, swimming, and jumping performance of ectotherms decreases by at least 33% over a 10 degrees C

37 that cannot regulate their body temperature (ectotherms) depends on their ability to increase the flu

38 n exert strong natural selection on tropical ectotherms, despite their ability to thermoregulate beha

39 evious findings using air temperatures, most ectotherms do not have a physiological thermal-safety ma

40 Ectotherms do so by moving to warmer places, hence the t

41 Both endotherms and ectotherms (e.g., fish) increase their body temperature

42 ure dynamics could provide new insights into ectotherm ecology both now and in response to future cli

43 The model fits metabolic rates of microbes, ectotherms, endotherms (including those in hibernation),

44 trends in temperature variability: tropical ectotherms evolve to be 'thermal specialists' because th

45 Many ectotherms exhibit striking latitudinal gradients in lif

46 Conversely, tropical ectotherms facing dry summers would have fewer opportuni

47 ncubation temperatures for birds and aquatic ectotherms (fish, amphibians, aquatic insects and zoopla

48 ersity of endotherms (birds and mammals) and ectotherms (fishes, amphibians, and reptiles).

49 data on geographic variation in lifespan in ectotherms from around the globe to determine how much o

50 Ectotherms from higher latitudes can generally perform o

51 ass in ectotherms resulted in endotherms and ectotherms having the same food consumption.

52 Ectotherms, however, do not simply experience mean condi

53 the minimal maintenance metabolic rate of an ectotherm in a post-absorptive and inactive state and ca

54 emperature within species in a wide range of ectotherms in both controlled laboratory experiments and

55 For ectotherms, in particular, temperature has a strong infl

56 Many ectotherms, including C. elegans, have shorter life span

57 More generally, amphibians and other ectotherms inhabiting alpine or boreal habitats at or ne

58 behind the response is well established for ectotherms inhabiting aquatic environments: as higher te

59 ty in developmental delays that characterize ectotherm life cycles.

60 mpacts of future warming trends on temperate ectotherms' life cycle and population persistence are la

61 a critical adaptation for insects and other ectotherms living in thermally variable environments.

62 In ectotherms, longevity is often negatively correlated wit

63 Some ectotherms maintain homeostasis via a daily temperature

64 increases in global temperature, lifespan of ectotherms may be substantially shortened in the future.

65 stantially lower oxygen consumption rates of ectotherms of a given body mass relative to those of end

66 stand resource competition, generally, among ectotherms of different sizes.

67 Ectotherms often attain smaller body sizes when they dev

68 ical thermal-tolerance limits of terrestrial ectotherms often exceed local air temperatures, implying

69 ion, the winter dormancy that is observed in ectotherms, on memory remains unknown.

70 Were dinosaurs ectotherms or fast-metabolizing endotherms whose activit

71 For many ectotherms, overwintering survival depends on the avoida

72 These results suggest that predictions of ectotherm population viability based on rm may be valid

73 to predict the effects of climate warming on ectotherm population viability.

74 ng population persistence depends on whether ectotherm populations can achieve a stable age/stage dis

75 cting the future of Earth's tiny terrestrial ectotherm populations.

76 predictions, both terrestrial endotherm and ectotherm predators have significantly positive predator

77 ture during development of distantly related ectotherms ranging from the insect Drosophila melanogast

78 assemblages, but especially the tropics and ectotherms remain understudied.

79 ral and internal warmth sensors in this tiny ectotherm reminiscent of thermoregulatory systems in lar

80 wer metabolic rates per gram of body mass in ectotherms resulted in endotherms and ectotherms having

81 ormance curves (TPCs), which quantify how an ectotherm's body temperature (Tb ) affects its performan

82 However, in many long-lived ectotherms, selection is expected to remain strong at ol

83 threaten tropical ectotherms while temperate ectotherms should resist or even benefit from higher tem

84 ture and rainfall may thus mold gradients of ectotherm size, with consequences for the structure and

85 etermines the upstream extent of the aquatic ectotherm smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in two

86 s both confirm and confound expectations for ectotherm species affected by climate warming: an increa

87 cts of future climates on a model vertebrate ectotherm species using a large-scale warming experiment

88 The body temperature of small ectotherms, such as Drosophila, relies on the temperatur

89 ; however, comparable adaptations in aquatic ectotherms, such as fishes, have not been as extensively

90 Like other ectotherms, the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans and the

91 Marine ectotherms' thermal tolerance is limited by their abilit

92 Our models predict that ectotherms thermoregulate more accurately when thermal r

93 To evaluate the capacity of a widespread ectotherm to anticipated environmental changes, we condu

94 restimate the vulnerability of many tropical ectotherms to climate change.

95 ld thus control the vulnerability of aquatic ectotherms to global warming.

96 otherms, we show that the temperature ranges ectotherms tolerate (the difference between lower and up

97 nternal energy to regulate body temperature, ectotherms typically regulate body temperature behaviora

98 However, many ectotherms use behavioral adjustments to maintain prefer

99 investigating the gut microbial diversity of ectotherms, we lack an understanding of how environmenta

100 Using a dataset spanning diverse ectotherms, we show that the temperature ranges ectother

101 Although top ectotherms were heavier than top endotherms at a given t

102 the majority of animals and vertebrates are ectotherms, which often experience fluctuations in body

103 emperatures are particularly challenging for ectotherms, which use both basal thermotolerance and acc

104 obal warming will severely threaten tropical ectotherms while temperate ectotherms should resist or e

105 l model that predicts that infection risk in ectotherms will decrease as the difference between host

106 Therefore, tropical ectotherms (with warm baseline temperatures) should expe

107 ngs of the American alligator, an amphibious ectotherm without air sacs, which suggests that this pat