ライフサイエンスコーパス: endoderm

1 mally absent from the presumptive pancreatic endoderm.

2 capable of specifying the entire C. elegans endoderm.

3 transcriptional program of embryonic foregut endoderm.

4 ox transcription factor Lhx1 in the visceral endoderm.

5 delineates the boundary with the underlying endoderm.

6 which is expressed in branchial ectoderm and endoderm.

7 ly suppressed Sox2 broadly over the anterior endoderm.

8 lishment of early pancreatic fate within the endoderm.

9 and slower aggregation favoring mesoderm and endoderm.

10 aracteristic of either epiblast or primitive endoderm.

11 rentiating into prepancreatic and intestinal endoderm.

12 entified 363 lncRNAs in the lung and foregut endoderm.

13 to the extraembryonic parietal and visceral endoderm.

14 quires inductive signals secreted from early endoderm.

15 mbryonic germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm.

16 ge specification, respectively, from foregut endoderm.

17 in for Wnt signaling activity in the foregut endoderm.

18 e for Nodal in development of the definitive endoderm.

19 thelial defects observed in the cKO visceral endoderm.

20 embryos to investigate the formation of the endoderm.

21 le-directed migration and are independent of endoderm.

22 inding Pou5f3 or Nanog in prospective dorsal endoderm.

23 PGCs whether mislocalized or trapped in the endoderm.

24 develop from third pharyngeal pouch (3rd pp) endoderm.

25 ingle G protein-coupled receptor, Trapped in endoderm 1 (Tre1), mediates germ cell polarization at th

26 rigins: the gills of cyclostomes derive from endoderm [9-12], while gnathostome gills were classicall

27 SHH pathway activation throughout pouch endoderm activated ectopic Tbx1 expression and partially

28 Subsequently, lung-biased anterior foregut endoderm (AFE) is specified by sequential inhibition of

29 enhanced, giving rise to excess mesoderm and endoderm, an effect that can be rescued by reducing sign

30 Coordination between the endoderm and adjacent cardiac mesoderm is crucial for he

31 B3b coordinates the movements of the hepatic endoderm and adjacent lateral plate mesoderm (LPM), resu

32 tails of the intricate interplay between the endoderm and ALPM during embryogenesis, highlighting why

33 o study the role of BRA in activin A-induced endoderm and BMP4-induced mesoderm progenitors.

34 without maternally provided vg1 fail to form endoderm and head and trunk mesoderm, and closely resemb

35 ose we identified small molecules that aided endoderm and hepatocyte differentiation without compromi

36 n and cell cycle progression in the urethral endoderm and in the surface ectoderm.

37 r to endoderm), yet, 24 hr later, suppressed endoderm and induced mesoderm.

38 ng calcein label is mainly excluded from the endoderm and is concentrated in the spicules.

39 tiating multiple hPSC lines exclusively into endoderm and its derivatives.

40 ds, the intermediate step between definitive endoderm and mature organoids.

41 is, which reinforces the hypothesis that the endoderm and mesoderm in triploblastic bilaterians evolv

42 factors involved in the establishment of the endoderm and mesoderm respectively, is not conserved.

43 gether with Fgf, to determine the pattern of endoderm and mesoderm specification.

44 combinatorial signaling interactions between endoderm and mesoderm, but how these signals are interpr

45 m layers; the ligands are required to induce endoderm and mesoderm, whereas inhibitors are required f

46 s dorsal-ventral gene expression in both the endoderm and mesoderm, whereas Wnt/beta-catenin acts as

47 oting hPS cell differentiation to definitive endoderm and mesoderm.

48 issect the roles of Nkx2.5 in the pharyngeal endoderm and mesoderm.

49 complex and dynamic associations between the endoderm and myocardial precursors.

50 SHH signaling is active in both dorsal pouch endoderm and neighboring neural crest (NC) mesenchyme.

51 is required for the development of multiple endoderm and neural crest cell (NCC)-derived structures

52 nd GATA4 in the formation of both definitive endoderm and pancreatic progenitor cells.

53 eny, expand the neuroendocrine repertoire of endoderm and redefine the boundaries of neural crest div

54 role during embryogenesis as it patterns the endoderm and specifies the pancreatic field.

55 rting with the differentiation of hPSCs into endoderm and subsequently into foregut progenitor (FP) c

56 maintaining VEGF in the developing visceral endoderm and that a VEGF-responsive paracrine signal, or

57 ve the proliferative expansion of the distal endoderm and the underlying mesenchyme during lung branc

58 of both extra-embryonic lineages, primitive endoderm and trophectoderm, but not the embryonic lineag

59 t, we analyzed tissue-specific mutants using endoderm and/or NCC-specific Cre drivers.

60 found in a variety of tissues, such as root endoderms and periderms, storage tuber periderms, tree c

61 ary band, in the apical plate and pharyngeal endoderm, and 4-6 serotonergic neurons that are confined

62 in the blastocyst: trophectoderm, primitive endoderm, and epiblast.

63 lso expressed in branchial arch ectoderm and endoderm, and morpholino knock-down of foxi1 also causes

64 x interactions between the cardiac mesoderm, endoderm, and the rest of the embryo, whereby the risk c

65 ht tissue patterning to develop into several endoderm- and ectoderm-derived tissues, mimicking their

66 gata4/5/6, which are later restricted to the endoderm; and activation of ets1 and erg in the mesoderm

67 rther found that in both zebrafish and mouse endoderm, Anxa4 is broadly expressed in the developing l

68 ich FGFs induce hepatic character within the endoderm are ill defined.

69 which these networks interact to pattern the endoderm are less well understood.

70 ouches, which form by budding of the foregut endoderm, are essential for segmentation of the vertebra

71 The primitive endoderm arises from the inner cell mass during mammalia

72 uncover the anterior intestinal portal (AIP) endoderm as a putative heart organizer.

73 he outside layer, mesoderm in the middle and endoderm at the centre of the colony, reminiscent of gen

74 he collective migration of anterior visceral endoderm (AVE) cells in the early mouse embryo.

75 The anterior visceral endoderm (AVE) signaling center emerges at the distal ti

76 t direct expression in the anterior visceral endoderm (AVE), primitive streak (PS) and definitive end

77 required for specification of the primitive endoderm, but its role in polarisation of this tissue is

78 pecies can generate neurons from mesoderm or endoderm, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

79 pectively induced pancreas versus liver from endoderm by suppressing the alternate lineage.

80 Interestingly, functional primitive endoderm can be rescued in Oct4-deficient embryos in emb

81 indicating that loss of YY1 in the visceral endoderm causes defects in the adjacent yolk sac mesoder

82 played defects in ventral closure of the gut endoderm causing cardia bifida.

83 a loss of expression of markers of primitive endoderm cell fate and maintenance of the pluripotency m

84 elial cells and express markers of primitive endoderm cell fate.

85 in-null blastocysts and found that primitive endoderm cells are present but segregate away from, inst

86 Endoderm cells move by amoeboid shape changes, but in co

87 tly expressed in trophectoderm and primitive endoderm cells of human blastocyst-stage embryos.

88 This data shows that primitive endoderm cells of the outer layer of embryoid bodies gra

89 mation and abnormal allocation of definitive endoderm cells on embryonic day 7.5.

90 rin-null embryoid bodies, in which primitive endoderm cells segregated and appeared as miniature aggr

91 ty is indispensable for the rearrangement of endoderm cells that underlies the elongation of the Xeno

92 Endoderm cells undergo sequential fate choices to genera

93 l chimera studies demonstrate that wild-type endoderm cells within the liver and pancreas can rescue

94 We isolated endoderm cells, pancreas progenitors, and endocrine prog

95 ube assembly, interactions with the adjacent endoderm control the medial movement of cardiomyocytes,

96 eficient embryos is sufficient to rescue the endoderm convergence defect and cardia bifida, and, conv

97 the S1pr2/Galpha(13)/RhoGEF pathway impairs endoderm convergence during segmentation, and the endode

98 and that this movement likewise depended on endoderm convergence.

99 rm (subduction) and migration independent of endoderm convergence.

100 g antagonizes the Activin-induced definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation of human embryonic stem ce

101 (AVE), primitive streak (PS) and definitive endoderm (DE) have yet to be defined.

102 First, definitive endoderm (DE) is induced in the presence of high concent

103 We identify a definitive endoderm (DE) transcriptomic signature that leads us to

104 applied to enrich production of mesoderm and endoderm derivatives and be further differentiated into

105 landscape during ESC differentiation to the endoderm derivatives pancreas and liver.

106 equired for the differentiation of primitive endoderm derivatives, as long as an appropriate developm

107 Like many gut endoderm derivatives, embryonic C cells were found to co

108 Cs remain capable of forming extra-embryonic endoderm derivatives.

109 sed chromatin state at enhancers specific to endoderm-derived cell lineages in gut tube intermediates

110 Here, we show that the endoderm-derived dual Nodal/bone morphogenetic protein (

111 Hoxb6 and Hoxc6) leads to a dramatic loss of endoderm-derived endocrine cells, including insulin-secr

112 d bladder urothelium, cell lineages in these endoderm-derived epithelia remain highly controversial,

113 Our evidence shows that unlike other endoderm-derived epithelial tissues, such as the intesti

114 or amniote hypoxia-sensitive cell evolution: endoderm-derived NECs were retained as PNECs, while the

115 me with hypopituitarism, hyperinsulinism and endoderm-derived organ abnormalities.

116 dysmorphic features, choroidal coloboma and endoderm-derived organ malformations in liver, lung and

117 or cellular and physiological homeostasis of endoderm-derived organs postnatally.

118 that NECs are not neural crest-derived, but endoderm-derived, like PNECs, whose endodermal origin we

119 E1 and HDE2, which stain different stages of endoderm development and distinct derivative cell types.

120 ivation of Lhx1 disrupts anterior definitive endoderm development and impedes node and midline morpho

121 l copy of GATA6 is sufficient for definitive endoderm development and pancreas formation, but it is i

122 iption factor FoxA2 is a master regulator of endoderm development and pancreatic beta cell gene expre

123 rgenic RNA) and LL34, play distinct roles in endoderm development by controlling expression of critic

124 s play an important role in foregut and lung endoderm development by regulating multiple aspects of g

125 ts the basal cell lineage during normal lung endoderm development to allow the proper patterning of e

126 differentiation was not affected by altered endoderm development, as assessed by nephrin and podocin

127 ype, which can be rescued by manipulation of endoderm development, podocyte differentiation was not a

128 Here, we investigate a key step in primitive endoderm development, the acquisition of apico-basolater

129 derm, is required to promote normal visceral endoderm development.

130 -repressor protein Sin3a is crucial for lung endoderm development.

131 c switching occurs during early mesoderm and endoderm differentiation, high glycolytic flux is mainta

132 ity, promoting a more robust mesendoderm and endoderm differentiation.

133 endoderm to generate a coherent roadmap for endoderm differentiation.

134 inked kinase (ILK), which is antagonistic to endoderm differentiation.

135 part due to severe disturbances in visceral endoderm displacement.

136 tial anisotropic growth between mesoderm and endoderm drives diagonal folding.

137 ing an ectodermal fate at the expense of the endoderm during embryoid body (EB) formation.

138 derm, ciliated band cells and cells from the endoderm/ectoderm boundary that will give rise both to h

139 he function of this pathway in the primitive endoderm, embryoid bodies were cultured in the presence

140 e expression and up-regulates extraembryonic endoderm (ExEn) genes, revealing a conserved function in

141 nd spontaneous differentiation toward a meso-endoderm fate, owing to de-repression of BMP signalling.

142 ming of lung epithelial cells to a posterior endoderm fate.

143 , which is expressed in the future posterior endoderm-fated territory; intermediate levels are requir

144 -like EpiSCs are biased towards mesoderm and endoderm fates while retaining pluripotency.

145 The trunk endoderm first contacts the leader TVC, then 'encases' b

146 ras we show that Bmp signals directly to the endoderm for proper morphogenesis.

147 at BRA is essential for mesoderm but not for endoderm formation.

148 ges of development in the definitive ventral endoderm forming the foregut.

149 the oral aspect of the embryo that separate endoderm from ectoderm and ectoderm from neurogenic apic

150 n precursors of the pharynx, which separates endoderm from ectoderm.

151 chinery that directs formation of definitive endoderm from pluripotent stem cells is not well underst

152 Previously we reported that definitive endoderm from which liver was derived, expressed Globo H

153 s three layers of cells (ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm) from a single sheet, while large scale cell mo

154 wnstream from Wnt signaling to regulate lung endoderm gene expression.

155 correct initiation of both the mesoderm and endoderm gene regulatory networks.

156 shows Gata6 enrichment near pluripotency and endoderm genes, suggesting that Gata6 functions as both

157 complexes onto neuroectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm genes.

158 The endoderm germ layer contributes to the respiratory and g

159 YY1 loss in the developing endoderm had no apparent consequences until late gestati

160 ory networks involved in defining definitive endoderm have been identified, the mechanisms through wh

161 human embryonic-stem-cell-derived pancreatic endoderm (hESC-PE) in mice.

162 nd phenotypes and induce early expression of endoderm (Hhex-Venus) and neural (Sox1-GFP) reporter gen

163 are both derived from the posterior foregut endoderm, however, the interdependence of these two cell

164 In endoderm, Hoxa3 temporally regulated initiation of the t

165 which we show is restricted to the primitive endoderm in both human and mouse embryos.

166 dy epithelium emerging from pharyngeal pouch endoderm in early organogenesis, differential Foxa1/Foxa

167 g thyroid lineage specification from foregut endoderm in mouse and Xenopus.

168 al. (2016) demonstrate an active role of the endoderm in this process, challenging the prior view tha

169 differs, both are able to form mesoderm and endoderm in vivo.

170 layers, namely the somitic mesoderm and the endoderm, in quail embryos.

171 s of these antibodies enable one to optimize endoderm induction and hepatic specification from any hP

172 reveals a de-repression mechanism underlying endoderm induction that may be recapitulated in other de

173 hibians, but we show that at the cell level, endoderm internalisation exhibits characteristics remini

174 propose that apical constriction leading to endoderm invagination is the source of the extrinsic for

175 This suggested that endoderm invagination is the source of the tensile force

176 s blocked but is abolished in the absence of endoderm invagination.

177 We found that both mesoderm and endoderm invaginations are synchronous with the onset of

178 range signals and reveal a novel function of endoderm, involving fibronectin and its downstream signa

179 -lapse imaging showed that hepatic-specified endoderm iPSCs (HE-iPSCs) self-assembled into three-dime

180 that extinction of Tbx1 expression in 3rd pp endoderm is a prerequisite for thymus organogenesis.

181 During amphibian gastrulation, presumptive endoderm is internalised as part of vegetal rotation, a

182 ithin the posterior foregut of the mammalian endoderm is largely unexplored.

183 process, challenging the prior view that the endoderm is passively pushed by the mesoderm.

184 development of Sox2+ progenitors in the lung endoderm is regulated by histone deacetylases 1 and 2 (H

185 provide direct evidence that Sox17+ anterior endoderm is the only source of differentiated C cells an

186 Sox17, a marker of primitive endoderm, is not detected following prolonged culture of

187 ation to ectoderm (early switch) or mesoderm/endoderm (late switch).

188 hed from the core spheroids, and a primitive endoderm layer failed to form on the surface.

189 rise, and formation of a polarised primitive endoderm layer requires the Fgf receptor/Erk signalling

190 ssential for the attachment of the primitive endoderm layer to the epiblast during the formation of a

191 ponsible for the failure to form a primitive endoderm layer.

192 Loss of Sin3a in mouse early foregut endoderm led to a specific and profound defect in lung d

193 r20a, the most highly expressed miRNA in the endoderm library, was also predicted to regulate some of

194 of soluble molecules to generate definitive endoderm-like cells that did not pass through a pluripot

195 These endoderm-like cells were then directed toward pancreatic

196 r differentiation of the essential primitive endoderm lineage from embryonic stem cells.

197 in the epiblast marks the entire definitive endoderm lineage, the anterior mesendoderm, and midline

198 ico precursors of the epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages and revealed a role for MCRS1, TET1, a

199 a consistent ratio of epiblast and primitive endoderm lineages is achieved through incremental alloca

200 d specification of epiblast versus primitive endoderm lineages using conditional genetic deletion.

201 o differentiate down mesoderm, ectoderm, and endoderm lineages, demonstrating pluripotency.

202 SC differentiation towards both epiblast and endoderm lineages.

203 and lower levels of markers for mesoderm and endoderm lineages.

204 t can be further programmed into mesoderm or endoderm lineages.

205 enes, including numerous anterior definitive endoderm markers and components of the Wnt signaling pat

206 ingly, the ligand pdgfaa is expressed in the endoderm medial to the pdgfra-expressing myocardial prec

207 path is distinct from other lineages such as endoderm, mesendoderm, and neural ectoderm.

208 specific differentiation into germ layers of endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm during gastrulation.

209 the subdivision of the blastula embryo into endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm.

210 ll lines representing intermediate stages of endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm, and neural crest (NC) deve

211 The endoderm-mesoderm interaction promoted precardiac mesode

212 wnstream of high nbeta-catenin segregate the endoderm/mesoderm boundary, which is further reinforced

213 ALPM during embryogenesis, highlighting why endoderm movement is essential for heart development, an

214 ndent migratory modes: co-migration with the endoderm, movement from the dorsal to the ventral side o

215 thelin 1 (Edn1) expression in the pharyngeal endoderm of the dorsal arch, thus preventing dorsal EDNR

216 s are caused by loss of Gata4 in the hepatic endoderm or in the septum transversum mesenchyme remains

217 manipulation of SHH signaling in either the endoderm or NC mesenchyme had direct and indirect effect

218 e the SHH signal transducer Smo in either pp endoderm or NC mesenchyme.

219 does not form, embryos fail to elongate, and endoderm organization, ectodermal cell polarity and patt

220 transcription factor expressed in tissues of endoderm origin.

221 including the second heart field, pharyngeal endoderm, outflow tract and atrioventricular endocardial

222 el signalling mechanisms that regulate early endoderm patterning and gastric endocrine cell different

223 key stages following gastrulation, including endoderm patterning, organ specification, and organogene

224 er trophectoderm (TE) and internal primitive endoderm (PE) in the blastocyst and subsequently give ri

225 CM), followed by epiblast (EPI) or primitive endoderm (PE) specification within the ICM.

226 ll form the new organism, from the primitive endoderm (PE), which will form the yolk sac, is a crucia

227 HDE1 marks a definitive endoderm population with high hepatic potential, whereas

228 s (hPSCs) requires the induction of a proper endoderm population, broadly characterized by the expres

229 expressing cells arising from the respective endoderm populations exhibit extended differences in the

230 between the epiblast (Epi) and the primitive endoderm (PrE) fate that occurs in the mammalian preimpl

231 nalysis of EPI and extra-embryonic primitive endoderm (PrE) formation during preimplantation developm

232 ey signal driving specification of primitive endoderm (PrE) versus pluripotent epiblast (EPI) within

233 to the pluripotent epiblast or the primitive endoderm (PrE), marked by the transcription factors NANO

234 h forms the embryo proper, and the primitive endoderm (PrE), which forms extra-embryonic yolk sac tis

235 g two lineages: epiblast (Epi) and primitive endoderm (PrE).

236 cell mass and the formation of the primitive endoderm (PrE).

237 be specified in epiblast (Epi) or primitive endoderm (PrE).

238 ironments codifying hPSCs towards definitive endoderm, precardiac or presomitic mesoderm within the f

239 ortical tension in the apical cell cortex of endoderm precursor cells.

240 ecursors of the epiblast (Epi) and primitive endoderm (PrEn) lineages.

241 cogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) on definitive endoderm production.

242 tent progenitor cell (iMPC) state from which endoderm progenitor cells and subsequently hepatocytes (

243 reby establishing their broader potential as endoderm progenitors and demonstrating direct conversion

244 involve both differentiation of distal lung endoderm progenitors and extensive cellular remodeling o

245 as early as 2.5 weeks; and human definitive endoderm progenitors can be differentiated into function

246 expandable neural stem cells and definitive endoderm progenitors can be obtained from human fibrobla

247 Deletion of Ezh2 in early lung endoderm progenitors leads to the ectopic and premature

248 y tissues in chimeric animals while Sox17(+) endoderm progenitors specifically contributed in a regio

249 ptotic gene BCL2 enables EpiSCs and Sox17(+) endoderm progenitors to integrate into blastocysts and c

250 aling in these cells allows specification of endoderm progenitors, while the cells further from the m

251 nscription factor, Ptf1a, in embryonic mouse endoderm (Ptf1a(EDD)) dramatically expanded the pancreat

252 ues of the notochord, floor plate and dorsal endoderm, raising the question of whether midline tissue

253 cluding splanchnic mesoderm sliding over the endoderm, results in HT formation.

254 The stomach, an organ derived from foregut endoderm, secretes acid and enzymes and plays a key role

255 a novel role for these proteins in mesoderm-endoderm signaling during embryogenesis.

256 Through this approach, we identified two endoderm-specific antibodies, HDE1 and HDE2, which stain

257 anscription through the sonic hedgehog (Shh) endoderm-specific enhancer MACS1 and that GATA-binding s

258 promoter, it can replace the complete set of endoderm-specific GATA factors: END-1, END-3, ELT-7 and

259 including at genes involved in mesoderm and endoderm specification and at the Hox and Fox gene famil

260 ior axis and anterior neural development, or endoderm specification and axial elongation.

261 n3a is an essential regulator for early lung endoderm specification and differentiation.

262 signaling is initially normal and increasing endoderm specification does not rescue mesendodermal cel

263 g as a major mechanism regulating pancreatic endoderm specification during patterning of the gut tube

264 e core transcriptional network necessary for endoderm specification while promoting neuroectoderm fac

265 The mechanisms underlying mesoderm and endoderm specification, migration, and allocation are po

266 re, we show that, in addition to its role in endoderm specification, the beta-catenin-related protein

267 with EMS spindle rotation without affecting endoderm specification.

268 Tcf7l1 represses FoxA2, a pioneer factor for endoderm specification.

269 yonic stem cells (hESCs), hESC-derived early endoderm stage cells (CXCR4+ cells), and pancreatic isle

270 ultiple cell types to induced extraembryonic endoderm stem (iXEN) cells.

271 phoblast stem cell lines and extra-embryonic endoderm stem cells can be directly derived from expande

272 t from the dorsal to the ventral side of the endoderm (subduction) and migration independent of endod

273 Strategies to identify and isolate endoderm subpopulations predisposed to the liver fate do

274 the changing mechanical properties of their endoderm substrate.

275 erest are organs derived from the definitive endoderm, such as the pancreas and liver, and animal stu

276 e formation of hepatic progenitor cells from endoderm that has been derived from human induced plurip

277 In the ventrolateral endoderm, the Elabela / Aplnr pathway limits Sox32 level

278 o specify hepatic fate within the definitive endoderm through activation of the FGF receptors (FGFRs)

279 o promote the morphogenesis of pouch-forming endoderm through wnt11r and fgf8a expression.

280 hat AChE is specifically required in the gut endoderm tissue, a non-neuronal cell population, where i

281 anterior-posterior patterning of definitive endoderm to generate a coherent roadmap for endoderm dif

282 by FGFR activity during the transition from endoderm to hepatic progenitor cell.

283 ependent on a Cxcr4a-regulated tether of the endoderm to mesoderm.

284 ates H3K27me3, modulates the transition from endoderm to pancreas progenitors, but the role of Ezh2 a

285 paraxial mesoderm, lateral plate, ectoderm, endoderm) to drive axis morphogenesis remain largely unk

286 SGP behavior: posterior migration along the endoderm towards the PGCs, extension of a single long pr

287 Moreover, endoderm transplantation reveals that the presence of wi

288 We found that during segmentation the endoderm underwent three distinct phases of movement rel

289 ved from the trophectoderm and the primitive endoderm upon reintroduction to the blastocyst.

290 the specific requirements for Nkx2.5 in the endoderm versus mesoderm with regard to early heart form

291 cross germ layers provides evidence that the endoderm was the first germ layer to evolve.

292 ntractility and compliance in the underlying endoderm, we find that MET in HPCs can be accelerated in

293 enhances Nodal signaling to properly specify endoderm, whereas the 'migration model' posits that Todd

294 ated by hedgehog expression from the foregut endoderm, which is required for connection of the pulmon

295 on is promoted by convergent movement of the endoderm, which itself is controlled by the S1pr2/Galpha

296 n II flows towards the presumptive posterior endoderm, which still undergoes apical constriction in a

297 quired for Nepn expression in the definitive endoderm, while RA signaling restricts expression to the

298 and progressive atrophy of the proximal lung endoderm with complete epithelial loss at later stages o

299 human embryonic stem cell-derived definitive endoderm with the goal of identifying cell surface marke

300 ied anterior primitive streak (progenitor to endoderm), yet, 24 hr later, suppressed endoderm and ind