ライフサイエンスコーパス: envelope

1 re consistent with disruption of the nuclear envelope.

2 common function of penetrating the bacterial envelope.

3 tion and biophysical properties of the viral envelope.

4 ECE2, and SECA2 was found in the chloroplast envelope.

5 the central plaque of the SPB to the nuclear envelope.

6 multi-protein assemblies that span the cell envelope.

7 used to suggest the organization of the HCV envelope.

8 is envelope compared to colonies without the envelope.

9 he gene products are distributed in the cell envelope.

10 ostly target elements in the parasite's cell envelope.

11 a planar-gap stage within the MS instrument envelope.

12 infectivity with a perturbation of the viral envelope.

13 line reporter construct, within the nuclear envelope.

14 eceptor for binding to PS exposed on the HCV envelope.

15 es, facilitating CCR5 recognition by the HIV envelope.

16 erichia coli are protected by a complex cell envelope.

17 ealed with use of sequential numbered opaque envelopes.

18 myelinated axons and perisynaptic astroglial envelopes.

19 SYNE1 (synaptic nuclear envelope 1) encodes multiple isoforms of Nesprin1 (nucle

20 he expression of genes of the late cornified envelope-1 (Lce1) family involved in epidermal terminal

21 Chromatin and nuclear envelope A-type lamin proteins are known to be key nucle

22 Structural nuclear LMNA-associated envelope abnormalities, that is, blebs, were confirmed b

23 en (1) force and the approximately 20 Hz SM1 envelope and (2) the absolute change rate of the force a

24 The viral envelope and 5'-UTR sequences of the lymphotropic HCV st

25 asmic reticulum (ER) consists of the nuclear envelope and a reticulated interconnected network of tub

26 -labeled microsections revealed that the HCV envelope and core proteins colocalize with apolipoprotei

27 ich we show is associated with both the cell envelope and cytoplasm.

28 elaxation of external tethers to the nuclear envelope and internal chromatin-chromatin tethers, toget

29 ent an important determinant of host thermal envelope and spatial distribution.

30 lis which monitors the assembly of the spore envelope and specifically eliminates, through cell lysis

31 roteins form a complex that bridges the cell envelope and that has been proposed to cause fusion of t

32 es viruses that carry glycoproteins in their envelopes and that are routinely used for infection of C

33 matitis, Rabies, Mokola and Ross River viral envelopes) and self-complementary adeno-associated viral

34 with an occluded CD4 binding site on the HIV envelope antigen, demonstrating a potentially important

35 ly gained through analyses of isolated viral envelope antigens, host CD4 receptors, and cognate antib

36 Next, we used a climate-envelope approach to project how N-fixing tree relative

37 in nuclei, leading to disruption of nuclear envelope architecture, partial sequestration of factors

38 study, we tested the effects of the propolis envelope as a natural defense against Paenibacillus larv

39 mmunity had remained within the same thermal envelope as in the 1920s-1930s, community peak abundance

40 s in the division plane (eMTOCs) and nuclear-envelope associated MTOCs in interphase cells (iMTOCs).

41 ed decrease in expression of several nuclear envelope-associated components (Lamin B1, Lamin A/C, Sun

42 ression in keratinocytes and suggest nuclear envelope-associated genes as important targets mediating

43 ements of this multi-protein machine are the envelope-associated needle complex, the inner membrane e

44 genes included several involved in bacterial envelope biogenesis, protein translocation, and metaboli

45 of the mRNAs to the cytoplasm after nuclear envelope breakdown (NEBD) at prometaphase.

46 e retinoblastoma protein and lamins, nuclear envelope breakdown, and duplication of centrosomes.

47 ed in prometaphase within minutes of nuclear envelope breakdown.

48 arge quantities of unenveloped and partially enveloped capsids in neuronal cytoplasm.

49 ontrast, the CTD in empty HBV virions (i.e., enveloped capsids with no RNA or DNA) was found to be ph

50 e reveal that the extra-embryonic epithelial enveloping cell layer, thought mainly to provide protect

51 and, to a lesser extent, magnified cortical envelope coding in left posteromedial auditory cortex pr

52 We propose a framework in which magnified envelope coding in posteromedial auditory cortex disrupt

53 gher when challenged colonies had a propolis envelope compared to colonies without the envelope.

54 Often the outermost cell envelope component, S-layers serve diverse functions inc

55 Loss of BamE altered cell envelope composition, leading to slower growth and an in

56 Using power envelope computation and visual inspection of power dist

57 oordinates peptidoglycan (PG) remodeling and envelope constriction.

58 correlated with released particles with flat envelope curvature in the absence of the matrix (M1) pro

59 al spacing, acylation significantly affected envelope curvature.

60 that the surface treatment causes bacterial envelope damage and cell aggregation.

61 Moreover, the strength of LRTC of the speech envelope decreased at the maximal rate, suggesting an in

62 However, envelope-defective recombinant HIV-1 did not infect the

63 stribution function analysis, and difference envelope density analysis, with electron microscopy imag

64 ule to interact with three independent HIV-1 envelope determinants: the CD4 binding site, the membran

65 mer immunogen and did not require additional envelope diversity.

66 reened cohorts in Brazil and Mexico for ZIKV envelope domain III (ZEDIII) binding and neutralization.

67 prompted by release of GCL from the nuclear envelope during mitosis.

68 centers move from centrosomes to the nuclear envelope during muscle development.

69 le virus, DNA or RNA that express the virus' Envelope (E) glycoprotein as the antigen.

70 d others have defined antigenic sites on the envelope (E) protein of viruses of dengue virus serotype

71 mer spanning quaternary epitope in the DENV3 envelope (E) protein, but it is unclear whether all inte

72 N-linked glycosylation site within the viral envelope (E) protein, whereas many isolates of the Afric

73 by coexpressing precursor membrane (prM) and envelope (E) proteins, with an F108A mutation in the fus

74 ts of Lv2 susceptibility mapped to the HIV-2 envelope (Env) and capsid (CA).

75 ithin the variable loop 3 (V3) region of HIV envelope (Env) and neutralizing responses against easy-t

76 oadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to HIV envelope (Env) develop during natural infection can help

77 y for HIV-1 vaccine development is to define envelope (Env) evolution of broadly neutralizing antibod

78 n the present study, we investigated whether envelope (env) genes could be amplified from proviral DN

79 The HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein binds to host cell receptors

80 The envelope (Env) glycoprotein of HIV is the only intact vi

81 d with soluble recombinant SIVmac239-derived envelope (Env) gp140 and Gag p55 (protein) or with virus

82 targets the V3 glycan supersite on the HIV-1 envelope (Env) protein.

83 to stabilize the structurally flexible HIV-1 envelope (Env) trimer in a conformation that displays pr

84 d covering the surface of the HIV gp120/gp41 envelope (Env) trimer, and how the glycan shield impacts

85 rnary epitope at the apex of the surface HIV envelope (Env) trimer.

86 residue at position 169 (K169) in the HIV-1 envelope (Env) V2 region.

87 , chosen from 200 well-characterized clade C envelope (Env)-pseudotyped viruses from early infection.

88 Ebolavirus (EBOV), an enveloped filamentous RNA virus causing severe hemorrhag

89 Nuclear envelope fluctuations are suppressed on the stiffest mat

90 nsport, mitotic spindle assembly and nuclear envelope formation.

91 The unusual envelope found in AFV1 also has many implications for bi

92 equencing a subgenomic fragment of the HIV-1 envelope from study participants in the DRC, we identifi

93 By envelope gene (env) sequencing, we identified eight muta

94 Expression of the HERV-K envelope gene (env) was highly significantly increased i

95 Strikingly, the envelope gene from a founder HIV-1 virus is far better a

96 erozygous splice site variant in the nuclear envelope gene SYNE1 in a child with severe dilated cardi

97 438 incident and 305 chronic specimens' HIV envelope genes from a diverse global cohort.

98 Syncytins are envelope genes from endogenous retroviruses that have be

99 s starts with interactions between the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) and cellular CD4 receptors a

100 and guide them to cells expressing the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) are a promising new weapon f

101 Designing an effective HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) immunogen for elicitation of

102 esidues (G382R and H442Y) into the SIVmac239 envelope glycoprotein (Env) markedly increased its neutr

103 The development of soluble envelope glycoprotein (Env) mimetics displaying ordered

104 are among viruses for having a low number of envelope glycoprotein (Env) spikes per virion, i.e., app

105 this insight to generate a form of SIVmac239 envelope glycoprotein (Env) that utilized rhesus CD4 mor

106 Soluble, recombinant native-like envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers of various human imm

107 Interaction of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env) with a specific cellular rec

108 immunogens that antigenically mimic the HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env), such as the soluble cleaved

109 y include a recombinant version of the viral envelope glycoprotein (Env).

110 Although the Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein (GP1,2) antagonizes the trapping o

111 (MACV) and Junin virus (JUNV), bound to the envelope glycoprotein 1 (GP1) with JUNV monoclonal antib

112 e show that transgenic mice expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein 120 in their central nervous syste

113 f the interaction between the gp120 exterior envelope glycoprotein and CD4; (ii) premature triggering

114 Membrane fusion induced by the envelope glycoprotein enables the intracellular replicat

115 e, we describe the crystal structure of HTNV envelope glycoprotein Gn, an integral component of the G

116 d a neuropathic pain model of perineural HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120 application onto the rat sci

117 rus, which binds to the cell surface via the envelope glycoprotein Gp64.

118 dly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) by HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein immunogens would be a major advanc

119 in providing the necessary stability to the envelope glycoprotein in order to withstand the interact

120 The envelope glycoprotein of diverse endogenous and exogenou

121 ate the binding affinities between the gp120 envelope glycoprotein of HIV-1 and three broadly neutral

122 pped to a conserved domain of the retroviral envelope glycoprotein of several exogenous as well as en

123 ers changes in the conformation of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer important for virus entry.

124 use of various designs of recombinant HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimers that mimic the structure o

125 vesicular stomatitis virus-Zaire Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein vaccine (rVSVG-ZEBOV-GP) across a

126 epitope in the gp120 C1 region of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein.

127 HSV) entry through interactions with a viral envelope glycoprotein.

128 ion of replication-competent provirus, HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) are expressed and accumulat

129 HIV-1-infected cells presenting envelope glycoproteins (Env) in the CD4-bound conformati

130 1) entry into cells is mediated by the viral envelope glycoproteins (Env), a trimer of three gp120 ex

131 HIV-1 and its surface envelope glycoproteins (Env), gp120 and gp41, have evolv

132 1 into target cells is mediated by the viral envelope glycoproteins (Env).

133 The envelope glycoproteins (Envs) from human immunodeficienc

134 The envelope glycoproteins (Envs) of HIV-1 continuously evol

135 The envelope glycoproteins (Envs) on the surfaces of HIV-1 p

136 In presence of cells expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs), these BiKEs activated spe

137 ing of the CD4-mimetic compound to the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins depends upon how many of the thre

138 However, the relative ability of SIV envelope glycoproteins to bind or utilize these CD4 orth

139 mer are bound and upon the propensity of the envelope glycoproteins to undergo conformational changes

140 res the coordinated action of multiple virus envelope glycoproteins, including gH, gL, and gB.

141 triggering of conformational changes in the envelope glycoproteins, leading to irreversible inactiva

142 A substrate envelope-guided design strategy is reported for improvin

143 In addition, colonies with a propolis envelope had significantly reduced levels of AFB clinica

144 To better understand the biogenesis of quasi-enveloped HAV (eHAV) virions, we conducted a quantitativ

145 a for specific functions in maintaining cell envelope homeostasis.

146 New HIV-1 envelope immunogens are being engineered to selectively

147 ciliated edge is represented as a continuous envelope imposing a periodic moving velocity boundary co

148 ation progression associate with the nuclear envelope in sap1 mutant cells.

149 pid formation of a bacterial biofilm that is enveloped in a complex extracellular polymeric substance

150 The consequent isotopic envelopes in mass spectra can reveal the ion stoichiomet

151 Diffusion of Env and other envelope incorporated proteins in mature HIV-1 is two or

152 l lysis, sporulating cells that assemble the envelope incorrectly.

153 el where power-law fluctuations of the alpha envelope inhibit baseline activity closely replicated ou

154 ization through their effect on enterococcal envelope integrity and antimicrobial resistance.

155 e polysaccharides that are critical for cell envelope integrity and cell shape and also represent key

156 gonistically to IreK and interfere with cell envelope integrity, antimicrobial resistance, and GIT co

157 roduce the Prg adhesins and display impaired envelope integrity, as evidenced by antibiotic susceptib

158 ks of aged cells include compromised nuclear envelope integrity, impaired nucleocytoplasmic transport

159 repeats and differed in a helical segment of envelope involved in entry and targeted by the host immu

160 n the plasma membrane, indicating that HIV-1 envelope is intrinsically a low mobility environment, ma

161 Dynein anchored on the nuclear envelope is known to be important for centrosome separat

162 ticularly in polar regions where the thermal envelope is narrow.

163 tive component of the Corynebacterineae cell envelope is the mycolyl-arabinogalactan (mAG) complex.

164 these lipids are transported across the cell envelope is(are) much less known.

165 Deletion of late cornified envelope (LCE) genes LCE3B and LCE3C (LCE3B/C-del) is a

166 e lacked a functional corneocyte-bound lipid envelope leading to a severe skin barrier defect and pre

167 r functions including sterol uptake and cell envelope maintenance.

168 Others are targeted to the inner chloroplast envelope membrane by undescribed translocases.

169 FTSH12 was integrated into the envelope membrane in a coupled import-integration reacti

170 ess requires an ABC transporter in the inner envelope membrane with three subunits, TRIGALACTOSYLDIAC

171 membrane) machineries in the outer and inner envelope membranes, respectively.

172 he mutated residues, with loss of the native enveloping movement of the binding site around its ligan

173 uclear escape, a process referred to nuclear envelope (NE) budding.

174 spectrin 1) that associate with the nuclear envelope (NE) through a C-terminal KASH (Klarsicht/Anc1/

175 lies at the plasma membrane (PM) and nuclear envelope (NE).

176 leton (LINC) bridging complex at the nuclear envelope (NE).

177 mSPB) on the cytoplasmic side of the nuclear envelope (NE).

178 Ebola virus (EBOV) is an enveloped negative-sense RNA virus that causes sporadic

179 Hantaviruses (family Bunyaviridae) are enveloped negative-sense tripartite RNA viruses.

180 Arenaviruses are enveloped negative-strand RNA viruses that cause signifi

181 d viruses in that they acquire their primary envelope not through budding from cellular membranes but

182 The cell envelope of gram-negative bacteria, a structure comprisi

183 the outer membrane has long defined the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria.

184 ominant stress-bearing structure in the cell envelope of most bacteria, and also a potent stimulator

185 However, the indigestible outer envelope of the spermatophore delays female remating, al

186 MOSP) is a prominent constituent of the cell envelope of Treponema denticola (TDE) and one of its pri

187 ard (POB) agreed to make available a maximum envelope of US $45 million toward supporting countries n

188 tural layer between the nucleocapsid and the envelope of virions.

189 on both gene assays, 52 were positive on the envelope only, and none were positive on the NS2B only.

190 ted data were as follows: RNA or DNA genome, enveloped or not, primary transmission pathway, temperat

191 nstrate functional links between the nuclear envelope organization, chromatin architecture, and gene

192 conformation and that the protruding density envelopes originating from GstDnaB1-300 could completely

193 lopment, there was missorting of capsids and enveloped particles in the neuronal cytoplasm, which can

194 ) targeting the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) envelope pentamer complex (PC) are thought to be importa

195 es, we show how the polarization and carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of HH pulses can be controlled by c

196 thus expected to have passive stable carrier-envelope phase, which can be used to seed either a chirp

197 coherently synthesise the passively carrier-envelope phase-stable signal and idler pulses to generat

198 function of the intensity and of the carrier envelope phase.

199 up of viruses that lack any lipid coating or envelope-play vital roles in all the stages of the viral

200 Here we probe how the non-enveloped polyomavirus SV40 penetrates the endoplasmic r

201 iotics, virulence factors, peptides and cell envelope precursors.

202 c DNA vaccine encoding ZIKV pre-membrane and envelope (prME) completely protects mice against ZIKV-as

203 The climate-envelope projection showed that rhizobial N-fixing trees

204 in (a "class I" fusogen) and West Nile virus envelope protein ("class II").

205 estral sequence and reconstruct a functional envelope protein (ancHTenv) that could support infection

206 Bacterial cell envelope protein (CEP) complexes mediate a range of proc

207 ns) that express either the full length ZIKV envelope protein (ZENV) alone or include the ZENV precur

208 nalyze binding interactions between the zika envelope protein (ZENV) and proposed host cell receptors

209 -bonding interaction network within the ZIKV envelope protein contribute to stability differences bet

210 cture epitopes near the hinge region between envelope protein domain I (EDI) and EDII.

211 Previous studies demonstrated that HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 binds and signals through alpha4b

212 agents dichloroacetate and paclitaxel or HIV envelope protein gp120.

213 For example, in the influenza envelope protein hemagglutinin (HA), the low pH in the e

214 to an I-Ab-associated epitope of the F-MuLV envelope protein is dominated by clones expressing a Val

215 ells that overexpress the GFP-tagged nuclear envelope protein lamin A.

216 We show that the envelope protein PilY1 and functional type IV pili are r

217 have revealed the key features of the HIV-1 envelope protein that are associated with viral resistan

218 It is a nonglycosylated envelope protein that is regulated as a gamma1 gene.

219 tes have co-opted a viral gene to produce an envelope protein that prevents infection by the HERV-T v

220 rsor to the membrane protein upstream of the envelope protein, and our rVSV-ZIKV constructs showed ef

221 The uncleaved ectodomain of the envelope protein, called gp140, has also been made as a

222 volunteers vaccinated with a recombinant HIV envelope protein.

223 HIV-1 envelope proteins (Envs) play a critical role in HIV inf

224 risk associated with ZIKV vaccines using the envelope proteins as immunogens).

225 ent nanodiamonds (FNDs) coated with vaccinia envelope proteins as the model system.

226 vious reports indicate that some HIV-1 gp120 envelope proteins bind to and signal through alpha4beta7

227 dromedaries with different soluble trimeric envelope proteins derived from HIV-1 subtype C.

228 100 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding the envelope proteins is fully nested within the ORF of the

229 Taking advantage of the fact that envelope proteins of different HIV-1 strains exhibit dif

230 ologies between the Zika and Dengue viruses' envelope proteins raise the possibility that cross-react

231 of resistance to IFITM3 and that these HIV-1 envelope proteins share the same domain structure and si

232 ough chromosome movement mediated by nuclear envelope proteins, microtubules, and dynein.

233 ulated genes, most of which encoded putative envelope proteins.

234 tion to provide HDV with HBV surface antigen envelope proteins.

235 protein B (ApoB), ApoE, and the HCV core and envelope proteins.

236 We chose from 200 southern African, clade C envelope-pseudotyped viruses with neutralization titers

237 nesis and its duration is coupled to nuclear envelope reassembly and the nuclear sequestration of the

238 d separation checkpoint" that delays nuclear envelope reassembly and, consequently, Pebble nuclear se

239 s conditional on expression of the ecotropic envelope receptor murine cationic amino acid transporter

240 e causative agent, measles virus, is a small enveloped RNA virus that infects a broad range of cells

241 y of the H2S slow-releasing donor GYY4137 on enveloped RNA viruses from Ortho-, Filo-, Flavi- and Bun

242 l activity against a broad range of emerging enveloped RNA viruses, and should be further explored as

243 However, the importance of the envelope's multilayered architecture remains unknown.

244 logy can be used to generate full-length HCV envelope sequences at the single-molecule level, providi

245 Our results indicate that the propolis envelope serves as an antimicrobial layer around the col

246 lling of HIV-infected CD4 T cells by the HIV envelope-specific broadly neutralizing antibody PGT121.

247 codes multiple isoforms of Nesprin1 (nuclear envelope spectrin 1) that associate with the nuclear env

248 (HIV-1)/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) envelope spike (Env) mediates viral entry into host cell

249 extraordinary genetic diversity of the HIV-1 envelope spike [Env; trimeric (gp160)3, cleaved to (gp12

250 ich predicted T90 from DNA or RNA structure, enveloped status, whether primary transmission pathway w

251 can be completely bypassed by activating an envelope stress response without compromising traffickin

252 cherichia coli, CpxRA senses and responds to envelope stress; CpxA is a sensor kinase/phosphatase for

253 ance our understanding of mycobacterial cell envelope structure and dynamics and have implications fo

254 odel will provide a useful framework for HCV envelope structure and the development of antiviral stra

255 system indicate adaptation to different cell envelope structures, bacterial lifestyles, and/or bacter

256 sting cholesterol and desmosterol in the HSV envelope support similar levels of infectivity.

257 IM-to-OM distance is required for effective envelope surveillance and protection, suggesting that ce

258 iments, may result in rupture of the nuclear envelope that can lead to cell death, if not prevented o

259 The polysaccharide-rich wall, which envelopes the fungal cell, is pivotal to the maintenance

260 hyaloid membrane is a true basement membrane enveloping the posterior hyaloid surface.

261 annels capsids are able to reach the nuclear envelope, the site of their nuclear egress.

262 s to function as molecular solubilizers that envelope their insoluble cargo before transporting it to

263 ding proteins that are localized to the cell envelope; these include metallopeptidases, multidrug-res

264 ellum inflexible and alters the 3D flagellar envelope, thus preventing sperm from reorienting against

265 anions in interstellar clouds, circumstellar envelopes, Titan, and cometary comae.

266 ks of two using sequentially numbered sealed envelopes to glycaemic regulation with a bihormonal bion

267 We found those envelopes to split in differential ion mobility (FAIMS)

268 cognize the V2 region at the apex of the HIV envelope trimer are among the most common bNAb specifici

269 ficiency of IDLVs pseudotyped with different envelopes (vesicular stomatitis, Rabies, Mokola and Ross

270 nsport of small molecules across the nucleic envelope via insertion of nanopores into the bilayers.

271 o viral infections: it traps newly assembled enveloped virions at the plasma membrane in infected cel

272 rograde transport of unenveloped capsids and enveloped virions.

273 sis virus (IHNV) as a model to study aquatic enveloped virus diseases and their inhibition.

274 Marburg virus (MARV) is a lipid-enveloped virus from the Filoviridae family containing a

275 ad-spectrum antiviral compound that inhibits enveloped virus infections by specifically targeting pho

276 , these results highlight the variability of enveloped virus persistence in the environment and the v

277 The apparent suitability of Phi6 as an enveloped virus surrogate was dependent on the temperatu

278 Many enveloped viruses cause devastating disease in aquacultu

279 embly.IMPORTANCE Poxviruses are unique among enveloped viruses in that they acquire their primary env

280 Enveloped viruses infect host cells by fusing their memb

281 compared with persistence values from other enveloped viruses reported in the literature.

282 arburg viruses are filoviruses: filamentous, enveloped viruses that cause haemorrhagic fever.

283 Enveloped viruses transfer their genomes into host cells

284 Hepatitis B viruses (HBVs), which are enveloped viruses with reverse-transcribed DNA genomes,

285 For many enveloped viruses, binding to a receptor(s) on a host ce

286 As archetypical non-enveloped viruses, their biology has been extensively st

287 ntiviral compound that specifically inhibits enveloped viruses.

288 on, a process that remains enigmatic for non-enveloped viruses.

289 Morphology of the nuclear envelope was assessed with immunofluorescence on culture

290 insights on the T-box mechanism, a molecular envelope was calculated from small angle X-ray scatterin

291 the tegument layer between capsid and viral envelope was reduced.

292 Using colonies with and without a propolis envelope, we quantified: 1) the antimicrobial activity o

293 and complete breaches in the bacterial cell envelope were observed.

294 The nuclear envelope, which can be modeled as a double lipid bilayer

295 teasome and its anchor, Cut8, at the nuclear envelope, which in turn regulates proteostasis of certai

296 er understanding of the structure of the HCV envelope, which is responsible for attachment and fusion

297 Fusion of the viral envelope with a cellular membrane is required for releas

298 the cellular surface and fusion of the viral envelope with cellular membranes.

299 vulnerable and conserved sites on the HIV-1 envelope, with the goal of eliciting antiviral antibodie

300 tural layer between the nucleocapsid and the envelope within virus particles.