ライフサイエンスコーパス: envelopment

1 viral matrix and envelope proteins to drive envelopment.

2 these changes occur independently of capsid envelopment.

3 tein in the late stages of assembly, such as envelopment.

4 prior to UL11 protein in virion cytoplasmic envelopment.

5 irion egress, possibly at the stage of final envelopment.

6 replication, cell-cell spread, and secondary envelopment.

7 and its main role appears to be in secondary envelopment.

8 viral envelope proteins at the site of final envelopment.

9 erted to 58 kDa at some stage prior to final envelopment.

10 incorporated into the virion until secondary envelopment.

11 nt fashion, are essential for this secondary envelopment.

12 was sufficient for transport to the site of envelopment.

13 apsids to cellular organelles and subsequent envelopment.

14 volved in contact with core particles during envelopment.

15 s and was shown recently to be essential for envelopment.

16 for cVAC biogenesis and efficient secondary envelopment.

17 there is profound inhibition of cytoplasmic envelopment.

18 ntifying the TGN as a possible site of virus envelopment.

19 gE, and gI exhibited more severe defects in envelopment.

20 rently immobilized in intermediate stages of envelopment.

21 ixed to produce configurations of incomplete envelopment.

22 e for VP22 during tegumentation and/or final envelopment.

23 nd further support the TGN as a site of HCMV envelopment.

24 argeting of the protein to the site of virus envelopment.

25 rotein UL20, facilitating cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

26 in I (gI) is required within the TGN for VZV envelopment.

27 ation may precede the events of UL36p-driven envelopment.

28 ified that allow NC maturation but block its envelopment.

29 , including an essential role in cytoplasmic envelopment.

30 , but not to the cytoplasmic sites of virion envelopment.

31 urs prior to the function of UL36p in capsid envelopment.

32 ed the effects of NFV on capsid assembly and envelopment.

33 s also been implicated in cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

34 ein complex to facilitate cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

35 e UL20 protein, play crucial roles in virion envelopment.

36 o function in nuclear egress and cytoplasmic envelopment.

37 gK and UL20 to facilitate cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

38 ent protein to facilitate cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

39 ous virion production and cytoplasmic virion envelopment.

40 viral replication at the stage of secondary envelopment.

41 ese compartments unable to support secondary envelopment.

42 e UL20 protein (UL20p) in cytoplasmic virion envelopment, a cadre of mutant viruses was constructed a

43 ed that some viral particles after secondary envelopment accumulated in a heterogeneous population of

44 the gE CT domain was important for secondary envelopment, although more C-terminal residues also cont

45 n the cytoplasm that had undergone secondary envelopment and a reduction in the amount of viral parti

46 huge excess over the amount needed for viral envelopment and are secreted as a heterogeneous mixture

47 erminus of pp28 have additional roles in the envelopment and assembly of the virion other than simply

48 1) capsids leave the nucleus by a process of envelopment and de-envelopment at the nuclear envelope (

49 ication of cellular membranes and sequential envelopment and deenvelopment steps.

50 ner, are not essential in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and egress from infected cells.

51 1 play important roles in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and egress from infected cells.

52 ed that the p37 protein is involved in viral envelopment and egress, and suggested that attachment of

53 ll viruses are blocked in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and egress, as indicated by an accumulation

54 is thought to be important for nucleocapsid envelopment and egress, the actual function of this prot

55 mportant prerequisite for cytoplasmic virion envelopment and egress.

56 it is thought to play a role in nucleocapsid envelopment and egress.

57 it substantial defects in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and egress.

58 ral DNA synthesis is absolutely required for envelopment and export, and a strong further bias exists

59 ons with gK to facilitate cytoplasmic virion envelopment and infectious virus production.

60 d tested for their ability to inhibit virion envelopment and infectious virus production.

61 lved in the regulation of cytoplasmic virion envelopment and infectious virus production.

62 lved in the regulation of cytoplasmic virion envelopment and infectious virus production.

63 UL20p membrane topology and efficient virion envelopment and infectious virus production.

64 s serve critical roles in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and interactions with gK.

65 t in addition to their roles in nucleocapsid envelopment and lamina alteration, U(L)31 and U(L)34 pla

66 its antiviral action at a point before viral envelopment and may prevent the proper encapsidation of

67 terminus substantially enhanced cytoplasmic envelopment and overall production of infectious virions

68 the efficient coordination of Core particle envelopment and postenvelopment events at the DRM to gen

69 the AC represented an essential step in the envelopment and production of infectious virions.

70 s an essential tegument protein required for envelopment and production of infectious virus.

71 port to the view that the virus undergoes de-envelopment and reenvelopment steps during virus egress.

72 toplasmic assembly compartment, where virion envelopment and release are orchestrated.

73 h multiple functions in the process of virus envelopment and release.

74 is involved in the complex process of virion envelopment and release.

75 Mature NCs are then selected for envelopment and secretion as complete-virion particles o

76 hosphorylation of the mature NCs may trigger envelopment and secretion.

77 e cytoplasm but failed to complete secondary envelopment and subsequent exit from the cell.

78 e viral factory to the site of intracellular envelopment and that expression of the viral A27 protein

79 x serves crucial roles in cytoplasmic virion envelopment and that it interacts with the UL37 tegument

80 nfectious virus was secondary to a defect in envelopment and the accumulation of tegumented, noninfec

81 31 phosphorylation modulate both the primary envelopment and the subsequent fusion of the nascent vir

82 to be transported to the TGN sites of virus envelopment and to function in virion envelopment, since

83 formation, indicating that core functions in envelopment and uncoating/nuclear delivery of RC DNA wer

84 lone or in a redundant manner in cytoplasmic envelopment and virion egress, confirming previous findi

85 rus type 1 (HSV-1) have shown that secondary envelopment and virus release are blocked in mutants del

86 d drastically inhibited intracellular virion envelopment and virus-induced cell fusion.

87 l portion that promote aberrant nucleocapsid envelopment and/or membrane fusion between different vir

88 f VP1, VP2 late domains involved in membrane envelopment, and a cis-acting replication element within

89 s involved in cell-to-cell spread, secondary envelopment, and entry.

90 ar analyses of genomic DNA packaging, capsid envelopment, and intracellular virion trafficking.

91 indicate that gK is involved in nucleocapsid envelopment, and more importantly in the translocation o

92 lar IDE, gE targeting to TGN sites of virion envelopment, and phosphorylation at SSTT are dispensable

93 onal protein important for cell-cell spread, envelopment, and possibly entry.

94 ls demonstrated capsid assembly, cytoplasmic envelopment, and the formation of extracellular envelope

95 toplasm, leading to tegumentation, secondary envelopment, and then egress.

96 expression, capsid assembly and cytoplasmic envelopment, and transcellular transmission in different

97 ltered DNA synthesis also display defects in envelopment, and we provide quantitative estimates of th

98 s suggest that HSV gB functions in secondary envelopment, apparently acting downstream of gE/gI.

99 HV-68), complete tegumentation and secondary envelopment are dependent on intact ORF52.

100 e cytoplasmic processes of tegumentation and envelopment are not well understood.

101 disassociation between capsid formation and envelopment as an explanation for the invariably low VZV

102 ls demonstrated a marked defect in secondary envelopment at cytoplasmic membranes, resulting in very

103 ought to be involved in virion transport and envelopment at internal membrane sites.

104 nucleocapsid organization through secondary envelopment at the assembly compartment.

105 (i) Nucleocapsids undergoing envelopment at the INM, or B capsids abutting the INM, w

106 cles lacking DNA from exiting the nucleus by envelopment at the inner lamella of the nuclear membrane

107 Capsids in the nucleus undergo primary envelopment at the inner nuclear membrane (INM), and the

108 mograms of capsids attached to or undergoing envelopment at the inner nuclear membrane (INM), capsids

109 l barrier to viral nuclear egress or primary envelopment at the inner nuclear membrane.

110 and plays an important role in nucleocapsid envelopment at the inner nuclear membrane.

111 e nucleus by a process of envelopment and de-envelopment at the nuclear envelope (NE) that is accompa

112 ant particles can participate in the initial envelopment at the nuclear membrane, although this proce

113 undantly in membrane fusion during virion de-envelopment at the outer nuclear lamellae.

114 oprotein K (gK) are required for cytoplasmic envelopment at the TGN and virion transport from the TGN

115 aces and are required for cytoplasmic virion envelopment at the TGN.

116 s 1 (HSV-1) UL37 protein functions in virion envelopment at trans-Golgi membranes, as well as in retr

117 equence required to account for their mutual envelopment behavior.

118 ating cells can partially compensate for the envelopment but not for the cellular egress deficiency o

119 rotein UL36p, which is clearly essential for envelopment but plays a poorly understood role.

120 ted a "bridging" function during cytoplasmic envelopment, but this conjecture has not been tested.

121 number of distinct steps, including primary envelopment by budding into the perinuclear space, de-en

122 d plays critical roles in cytoplasmic virion envelopment by interacting with gK.

123 Mature NCs have two alternative fates: (i) envelopment by viral envelope proteins, leading to secre

124 tomegalovirus (HCMV) assembly, specifically, envelopment, by investigating the intracellular traffick

125 These defects in envelopment can explain the defects in axonal transport

126 hether gB might also contribute to secondary envelopment, collaborating with gD and gE/gI, is also no

127 VZV glycoproteins are delivered to the final envelopment compartment.

128 All envelopment-defective HBc mutations tested were competen

129 Some of the envelopment-defective HBc mutations were found to alter

130 nt in differentiated neuronal cells, and the envelopment deficiency caused by ORF7 deletion results i

131 nt proteins, which are involved in the final envelopment during viral maturation.

132 n and includes domains involved in secondary envelopment, efficient cell-cell spread, and skin infect

133 aused the most severe defects in cytoplasmic envelopment, egress, and infectious virus production, fo

134 glycoprotein K (gK) that functions in virion envelopment, egress, and virus-induced cell fusion.

135 te and localization of the necessary primary envelopment factor, the UL34 protein.

136 or CCC DNA formation and/or its preferential envelopment for virion secretion.

137 p in virus-induced cell fusion and virion de-envelopment from perinuclear spaces as well as to compar

138 virus plays a critical role in the secondary envelopment; however, the mechanistic details remain elu

139 mic (CT) domain of gE required for secondary envelopment, HSVs lacking gD and expressing truncated gE

140 nd that ORF7 is required for VZV cytoplasmic envelopment in differentiated neuronal cells, and the en

141 ry different mechanisms of tegumentation and envelopment in extracellular compared with perinuclear v

142 that there is a complete block in secondary envelopment in the absence of UL94.

143 ted by NFV, whereas later steps (e.g., final envelopment in the cytoplasm and release of infectious v

144 Secondary envelopment in the cytoplasm is known to involve HSV gD

145 NA to form nucleocapsids, and concludes with envelopment in the cytoplasm to form infectious virions

146 The impact of quasi-envelopment in the virus life cycle and pathogenesis is

147 mplex virus 1 (HSV1)-infected cells revealed envelopment in tubular membranes.

148 ractions are believed to contribute to final envelopment in virion assembly.

149 protein K (gK) also functions in cytoplasmic envelopment, in a protein complex with the membrane-asso

150 ins that concentrate Ub cargo prior to their envelopment into ILVs, and the activity of Cos proteins

151 achinery cause glycoprotein accumulation and envelopment into specific TGN compartments that are sort

152 hesized that the gE CT domain promotes virus envelopment into TGN subdomains from which nascent envel

153 nt by budding into the perinuclear space, de-envelopment into the cytoplasm, cytoplasmic reenvelopmen

154 Envelopment involves the complex interplay of a large nu

155 ed into the cytoplasm then undergo secondary envelopment, involving trans-Golgi network (TGN) membran

156 We find that while capsid envelopment is clearly defective, a subpopulation of cap

157 of progeny herpesvirus capsids where capsid envelopment is mediated by two viral proteins, forming t

158 mmers and Mason proposed in 1982 that virion envelopment is somehow linked to the state of genomic ma

159 e VZV exocytosis pathway following secondary envelopment may converge with the autophagy pathway.

160 rotein localization, single-step growth, and envelopment morphology in both HEp-2 and Vero cells.

161 ress vesicles, where final tegumentation and envelopment normally occur.

162 Envelopment occurs at modified host membranes and exploi

163 jority of the tegument is acquired and final envelopment occurs.

164 Furthermore, the artificial envelopment of Ad presented herein is an illustration of

165 he U(L)34 protein is essential for efficient envelopment of capsids.

166 s particles, possibly through less efficient envelopment of core particles.

167 sorting machinery, and then participates in envelopment of cytosolic nucleocapsids there.

168 GN) along with gp350/220, a site where final envelopment of EBV particles takes place.

169 microvascular plasticity involving the rapid envelopment of emboli by endothelial membrane projection

170 However, the role of pp28 in the envelopment of HCMV remains undefined.

171 pre-S1 critical for HBV assembly allowed the envelopment of HDV and had no effect on infectivity in p

172 ps4 function is required for the cytoplasmic envelopment of herpes simplex virus type 1.

173 The final envelopment of herpesviruses during assembly of new viri

174 suggested that a key function of pp28 in the envelopment of infectious HCMV is expressed after the pr

175 This machinery is used during envelopment of many RNA viruses and some DNA viruses, in

176 s of the magnitude of the preference for the envelopment of mature DNA.

177 ened electrostatic interaction underlies the envelopment of NPs by lipids that are attracted from SLB

178 rpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is required for envelopment of nucleocapsids at the inner nuclear membra

179 ells, where both play important roles in the envelopment of nucleocapsids at the inner nuclear membra

180 lear membrane and are required for efficient envelopment of nucleocapsids at the inner nuclear membra

181 ate times and (ii) PRV gE/gI participates in envelopment of nucleocapsids into cytoplasmic membrane v

182 observations that gE/gI participates in the envelopment of nucleocapsids into cytoplasmic vesicles a

183 ctive but also precluded the optimal primary envelopment of nucleocapsids.

184 ) US3 kinase is likely important for primary envelopment of progeny nucleocapsids since it localizes

185 clear membrane and is required for efficient envelopment of progeny virions at the nuclear envelope,

186 Envelopment of Sindbis virus at the plasma membrane is a

187 The final steps in the envelopment of Sindbis virus involve specific interactio

188 We demonstrate the striking envelopment of T cells by sheet-like membrane extensions

189 proposed for alphaherpesviruses and involve envelopment of tegumented subviral particles at the nucl

190 gi complex and thus possibly for cytoplasmic envelopment of the capsid.

191 Final envelopment of the cytoplasmic herpes simplex virus type

192 s 1 (HSV-1) UL20 plays a crucial role in the envelopment of the cytoplasmic virion and its egress.

193 ts viral replication and is required for the envelopment of the HDV genomic RNA by hepatitis B virus

194 Membrane association and envelopment of the HSV capsid are essential for the asse

195 conclude that pp28 is required for the final envelopment of the human cytomegalovirus virion in the c

196 otential role of pp28 multimerization in the envelopment of the infectious virion.

197 ugh a shared feature of DNA ligases is their envelopment of the nicked duplex as a C-shaped protein c

198 hances capsid binding to facilitate membrane envelopment of the nucleocapsid for budding.

199 pp28 must accumulate in the AC for efficient envelopment of the particle and provide evidence for a d

200 normal function by overexpression impairs de-envelopment of the primary virions leading to their accu

201 The envelopment of the Sindbis virus nucleocapsid in the mod

202 virions, VP16 was acquired prior to primary envelopment of the virus at the inner nuclear membrane.

203 ize the ESCRT apparatus to drive cytoplasmic envelopment of their capsids.

204 Envelopment of this virus requires the function of at le

205 e Golgi compartment and function in membrane envelopment of vaccinia virus.

206 nvolved in virion production after secondary envelopment of viral capsids, the encapsidation of HCMV

207 mbly complex, thereby facilitating secondary envelopment of virions.

208 viral genes but clearly impacted cytoplasmic envelopment of VZV capsids, resulting in a dramatic incr

209 dicate that ORF7 is required for cytoplasmic envelopment of VZV capsids, virus transmission among neu

210 is that the TGN plays a critical role in the envelopment of VZV.

211 changes in hematocrit we show that a close "envelopment" of the leukocyte by the red blood cells is

212 he pregenomic RNA are incompetent for either envelopment or uncoating.

213 upported the conclusion that the endocytosis-envelopment pathway is an essential component of the VZV

214 ce of either one of these HSV glycoproteins, envelopment proceeds; however, without both gD and gE, o

215 The envelopment process is predominantly dictated by two vir

216 onal information required for the budding or envelopment process proposed to occur at cytoplasmic com

217 cells undergo secretion by a unique membrane envelopment process to produce milk lipids.

218 During the envelopment process, the viral nucleocapsid as well as t

219 ve applications for studying the herpesvirus envelopment process.

220 Our data reveal that, while membrane envelopment protects HAV against neutralizing antibody,

221 ependently or synergistically in cytoplasmic envelopment, recombinant viruses having either the UL20

222 and the processes leading to their membrane envelopment remain largely unknown.

223 reduced virus yield, and defective secondary envelopment, similar to the phenotype previously shown f

224 virus envelopment and to function in virion envelopment, since mutants lacking UL37 accumulate capsi

225 Proteins UL31 and UL34, markers of potential envelopment sites at the INM and perinuclear virions, lo

226 mina potentially excludes nucleocapsids from envelopment sites at the inner nuclear membrane, the lam

227 ol groups, without exhibiting excess Schwann envelopment specific to denervating terminals.

228 This envelopment stage shares many characteristics with the f

229 rate that organelles utilized for HSV capsid envelopment still accumulate surface-bound capsids in th

230 US3 kinase affects the morphology of primary envelopment such that in its absence, UL34 protein-conta

231 tment (cVAC), where virion tegumentation and envelopment take place.

232 rther investigate the role of UL37 in virion envelopment, the recombinant virus DC480 was constructed

233 Thus, in addition to the defects in envelopment, there was missorting of capsids and envelop

234 re complex, particle assembly, and secondary envelopment, through mechanisms that are still incomplet

235 protein appears to facilitate core particle envelopment, thus shortening the window of plus strand D

236 e perinuclear space, tegument formation, and envelopment to complete de novo virus production.

237 ces of U(L)34 that are necessary for primary envelopment to occur, a library of 19 U(L)34 charged clu

238 mitylated protein (p37) that is required for envelopment, translocation, and cell-to-cell spread of v

239 we demonstrate that blocking ESCRT-mediated envelopment using the dominant-negative inhibitor Vps4A-

240 Viral envelopment was compromised, and no virions were deliver

241 In contrast, secondary envelopment was markedly reduced, and there were numerou

242 be secreted extracellularly as virions after envelopment with the viral surface proteins or, alternat

243 the capsid surface that selectively block NC envelopment without affecting NC maturation.