ライフサイエンスコーパス: epicatechin

1 1,3-glucanase and PAL, and higher content of epicatechin.

2 coside as well as a decrease of catechin and epicatechin.

3 C, 0.1M HCl in methanol and 3h without added epicatechin.

4 iron III chloride or the nitration inhibitor epicatechin.

5 ch as 2,3-trans-(+)-catechin and 2,3-cis-(-)-epicatechin.

6 r procyanidin oligomers than did catechin or epicatechin.

7 umption of other foods that are also rich in epicatechin.

8 ( approximately 30%) were observed with (-)-epicatechin.

9 strains were significantly improved with (-)-epicatechin.

10 giving minimal training error, which was (-)-epicatechin.

11 are major dietary sources of the flavan-3-ol epicatechin.

12 ive effect on the extraction of catechin and epicatechin.

13 od intake only after being supplemented with epicatechin.

14 lkalized cocoa mixture that contained 0.6 mg epicatechin, 0.2 mg catechin, and 2.9 mg monomer-decamer

15 (-)-epicatechin (1 mg/kg daily) treatment was administered v

16 (-)-Epicatechin (1), reynoutrin (3) and avicularin (4) were

17 DT-14-(-)-Epi received (-)-epicatechin (1.0 mg/kg 2 x/d), whereas water was given t

18 Participants received (-)-epicatechin (100 mg/d), quercetin-3-glucoside (160 mg/d)

19 ched chocolate/d [850 mg flavan-3-ols (90 mg epicatechin) + 100 mg isoflavones (aglycone equivalents)

20 5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-benzyl-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)epicatechin (2) by replacing the previously employed Lew

21 of catechin [2,3-trans-(+)-flavan-3-ol] and epicatechin [2,3-cis-(-)-flavan-3-ol], respectively.

22 dins were isolated and identified using NMR, epicatechin-(2 beta --> O --> 7, 4 beta --> 8)-catechin

23 red in the perfusate either as unchanged (-)-epicatechin (22 mg) or conjugates (0.8 mg); with stabili

24 he trimeric PAC, ent-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin-(2beta-->O-->7,4beta-->8)-catechin (3), repr

25 like Medicago MATE1, functions to transport epicatechin 3'-O-glucoside as a precursor for proanthocy

26 UGT72L1 may be involved in the production of epicatechin 3'-O-glucoside in the seed coat as a key ste

27 Despite its high similarity to the epicatechin 3'-O-glucoside transporter MATE1, MATE2 cann

28 level and shown to preferentially transport epicatechin 3'-O-glucoside.

29 e ATP-dependent vacuolar/vesicular uptake of epicatechin 3'-O-glucoside; neither process is active in

30 ), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin 3-gallate (ECG) and epigallocatechin 3-galla

31 (-)-Epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) functioned similar to EGCG b

32 king predicted high binding energies for (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate

33 Similarly, (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate had the highest effect on the Circ

34 Among these polyphenols, (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate showed the highest Stern-Volmer mo

35 atechin-3-gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate], flavones (kaempferol, kaempferol

36 ers [(+)-catechin C, (-)-epicatechin EC, (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, ECG] and oligomers [B1, B2, B3,

37 The fate of (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, the main flavan-3-ol in green t

38 re inversely correlated with epicatechin and epicatechin-3-O-gallate.

39 A subunits catechin and epicatechin, but not epicatechin-3-O-gallate.

40 nt and investigated the ADME of [2-(14)C](-)-epicatechin (300 muCi, 60 mg) in humans (n = 8).

41 correlation), and of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epicatechin-3O-gallate as extension units (positive corr

42 unds was identified as catechin (945 mug/g), epicatechin (482 mug/g), gallic acid (319 mug/g) and res

43 n the preparation of the prototypical dimer, epicatechin-4alpha,8-epicatechin (6), by reaction of the

44 ed synthesis of bis(5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-benzyl)epicatechin 4beta,8-dimer (3) from 5,7,3',4'-tetra-O-ben

45 r the first time in Argan fruits namely III. epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-catechin dimer (procyanidin B1),

46 anidin B1), IV.p-coumaric acid glycoside, VI.epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin dimer (procyanidin B

47 acid glycoside, XIX.epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin trimer (procyanidin

48 pine bark has yielded the trimeric PAC, ent-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin-(2beta-->O-->7,4beta

49 anidin B2), VIII.caffeic acid glycoside, XIX.epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatec

50 ynthetic epicatechin metabolite, 3'-O-methyl-epicatechin-5-O-beta-glucuronide (3'-O-Me-EC-Gluc), one

51 the prototypical dimer, epicatechin-4alpha,8-epicatechin (6), by reaction of the protected 4-ketones

52 ndividual compounds, (+)-catechin (60%), (-)-epicatechin (60%), kaempferol (33%) and quercetin-3-ruti

53 entified (-)-epicatechin and its metabolite, epicatechin-7-O-glucuronide, as independent predictors o

54 The flavanol (-)-epicatechin, a component of cacao (cocoa), has been show

55 Epicatechin, a major polyphenol from Camellia sinenesis,

56 hanistically, supporting evidence shows that epicatechin affects nitric oxide synthesis and breakdown

57 These findings indicate that (-)-epicatechin alone or in combination with exercise induce

58 s, mitofilin, porin and capillarity than (-)-epicatechin alone.

59 rich and contain the monomeric flavanols (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin and oligomeric procyanidins

60 and polymers of flavan-3-ols, primarily (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin, but the mechanism by which

61 ally occurring forms of cocoa flavanols, (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin, was determined joint the o

62 on the belief that tea PAs are made from (-)-epicatechin and (+)-catechin.

63 , was determined joint the occurrence of (+)-epicatechin and (-)-catechin due to the epimerization re

64 Both converted cyanidin to a mixture of (+)-epicatechin and (-)-catechin, although in different prop

65 inal unit (negative correlation), and of (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epicatechin-3O-gallate as extension

66 cinolysis allowed us to describe reaction of epicatechin and acetaldehyde.

67 Besides nutrients, flavan-3-ols (i.e., epicatechin and B-type procyanidins) as also hydroxycinn

68 sted a 'minimum effective concentration' for epicatechin and caffeic acid, whilst addition of caffeoy

69 cid, baicalein and kaempferol (T. aestivum), epicatechin and catechin (T. magnatum).

70 dical scavenger in V. opulus P3 (74%), while epicatechin and catechin (the main antioxidants in V. op

71 (-)-Epicatechin and conjugates were measured in intestinal p

72 gallocatechin were inversely correlated with epicatechin and epicatechin-3-O-gallate.

73 to salt stress in presence of flavan-3-ols, epicatechin and epigallocatechin.

74 The combination of (-)-epicatechin and exercise resulted in further increases i

75 The interaction between saliva and catechin, epicatechin and gallocatechin has been studied.

76 eaves expressing both transgenes accumulated epicatechin and gallocatechin monomers, and a series of

77 gallic acid, epicatechin gallate, catechin, epicatechin and isoquercitrin, were identified in the co

78 led to the accumulation of higher levels of epicatechin and its glucoside than of catechin, again hi

79 tivariate regression analyses identified (-)-epicatechin and its metabolite, epicatechin-7-O-glucuron

80 of the underlying mechanism of action of (-)-epicatechin and its potential clinical application as an

81 es that may affect human health: flavonoids (epicatechin and oligomeric procyanidins), theobromine, a

82 re phenolic compounds (chlorogenic acid, (-)-epicatechin and phloridzin) and an apple peel extract we

83 nce of phenolic compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin and proanthocyanidins.

84 Significant differences in (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 amounts in berries and wi

85 Three compounds: (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin B2 were detected and quantif

86 otal phenol, total tannin, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and procyanidin C1 concentrations were posit

87 dies have suggested that the cocoa compounds epicatechin and procyanidins may be involved.

88 h we explored the effects of higher doses of epicatechin and procyanidins.

89 gated the effects of supplementation of pure epicatechin and quercetin on vascular function and cardi

90 correlation for vanillic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin and resveratrol.

91 t activity (r>0.7111) were epigallocatechin, epicatechin and rutin; while epicatechin, quercetin and

92 radation (72-78%) of most intact precursors (epicatechin and several unidentified compounds) within 1

93 Similar results were obtained when pure (-)-epicatechin and the methylxanthines theobromine and caff

94 he smaller secondary trial, a combination of epicatechin and the nonalkalized cocoa mixture that cont

95 se with high propelargonidins (epiafzelechin-epicatechin) and those with high procyanidins contents.

96 l blood flow, serum flavonoids (catechin and epicatechin), and nitric oxide were measured at baseline

97 Procyanidin dimer, (-)-epicatechin, and (+)-catechin were detected in the plasm

98 that each of the tea polyphenols [catechin, epicatechin, and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG)

99 ive compounds gallic acid, (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, and (E)-resveratrol.

100 ive specifically toward the PA precursor (-)-epicatechin, and its expression pattern in developing se

101 The IC(50) values for catechin, epicatechin, and various flavonoids ranged from 1.0 to 8

102 Mal d 1-, catechin-, epicatechin- and total phenol content as well as the act

103 namely, tea catechins [(+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin] and a representative flavonoid (quercetin),

104 Higher intakes of flavonols, epicatechins, anthocyanidins, and proanthocyanidins were

105 Theobromine and epicatechin are absorbed efficiently in the small intest

106 as seed displayed caffeic acid, catechin and epicatechin as its main phenolics.

107 es of polymerization between 2 and 4 and (-)-epicatechin as the main flavanol unit.

108 nd without the phenolic compounds, rutin and epicatechin, as cross linking agents, were tested for th

109 It is possible that epicatechin at a dose of >1.6 mg/kg body weight, alone o

110 quinic acid, and flavonols, particularly (-)-epicatechin, B-type procyanidin dimers and trimers.

111 LAR converts 4beta-(S-cysteinyl)-epicatechin back to epicatechin, the starter unit in PAs

112 compared to the control treatment, with (-)-epicatechin being the most efficient antioxidant and phl

113 ta --> 8)-catechin (proanthocyanidin A1) and epicatechin-(beta --> 2 O --> 7, 4 beta --> 8)-epicatech

114 e dominant terminal PA subunits catechin and epicatechin, but not epicatechin-3-O-gallate.

115 The yield of catechin and epicatechin by using aqueous solutions of CDs was simila

116 ndrick mass defect filtering targeting ethyl-epicatechin (C17H16O6) units.

117 the free SO2, phenolic compounds, catechin, epicatechin, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, acetaldehyde,

118 tion of free SO2, total phenolics, catechin, epicatechin, caffeic and coumaric acids.

119 The most important phenols in apple are epicatechin, catechin and their polymeric structures, wh

120 epresentative active compounds of chocolate (epicatechin, catechin) were combined with seven of cinna

121 olic components of teas and wines, including epicatechin, catechin, and malvidin-3-glucoside, poorly

122 between 240 and 290 nm, for the analysis of epicatechin, catechin, caffeic acid, gallic acid, and va

123 Gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin, (+)-catechin, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside we

124 action, based on the content of polyphenols, epicatechin/catechin quantification, yield and operating

125 atechin causes a decrease of some fractions, epicatechin causes the decrease or increase of fractions

126 the nature and substitution position of (-)-epicatechin conjugation are major determinants of the me

127 nfluence of naturally occurring catechin and epicatechin contents in apple on the allergenicity of ap

128 hift in control PCO animals, whereas the (-)-epicatechin curves were comparable with those of the sha

129 An intake of 25 mg epicatechin/d led to a mean reduction of -4.1 mm Hg (95%

130 s of the dose consumed, whereas doses >50 mg epicatechin/d resulted in greater effects on systolic an

131 oat proanthocyanidins are known catechin and epicatechin derivatives, all biosynthesized from leucocy

132 catula leads unexpectedly to loss of soluble epicatechin-derived PAs, increased levels of insoluble P

133 Epicatechin did not change BP (office BP and 24-h ambula

134 Calpain, BITC, simvastatin, and epicatechin did not reverse the loss of cell viability i

135 c acid glycoside, VI.epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin dimer (procyanidin B2), VIII.caffeic acid gl

136 was chosen to investigate the impact of the epicatechin dose on changes in SBP and DBP.

137 and trained with 14 d of detraining and (-)-epicatechin [DT-14-(-)-Epi].

138 Monomers [(+)-catechin C, (-)-epicatechin EC, (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, ECG] and ol

139 Consequently, we selected the flavanol (-)-epicatechin (EC) as an example of a widely studied bioac

140 High concentrations of the tea catechins epicatechin (EC) or epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhi

141 extract (GTE), the green tea polyphenol (-)-epicatechin (EC) or the isomeric (+)-catechin (C), were

142 ty at 5 microM in MCF10A cells; whereas, (-)-epicatechin (EC) was unable to inhibit HGF-induced event

143 nthocyanidin monomers, (+)-catechin (C), (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-catechin gallate (CG), and (-)-epi

144 t effect on the caffeine content followed by epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC) and to some ext

145 n of flavanol contents, namely catechin (C), epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin 3-

146 tea catechins, had a similar effect but (-)-epicatechin (EC), the biologically inactive compound, di

147 was inhibited by caffeic acid, punicalagin, epicatechin, ECE and PPE during storage.

148 reflect the behaviours of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, EGC, EGCG and BHT.

149 t the major phenolic constituents in WLT are epicatechin, ellagic acid and gallic acid.

150 The selective nitration inhibitor epicatechin enhanced VEGF's angiogenic function in activ

151 consumption of a plant-derived flavanol, (-)epicatechin, enhances cognition in sedentary or wheel-ru

152 of degradation of chlorogenic acid (CG), (-) epicatechin (EPI), L-ascorbic acid (AA) and polyphenolox

153 1) water, (2) water-exercise (W-Ex), (3) (-)-epicatechin ((-)-Epi), and (4) (-)-epicatechin-exercise

154 ngic acid, procyanidins B1 and B2, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, quercetin 3-beta-d-glu

155 centrations of specific catechins, including epicatechin, epigallocatechin (EGC), and 4'-O-methyl-epi

156 e structural properties of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (-)-epigallo

157 and theasinensin B, and lower levels of (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (-)-epigallo

158 and theasinensin B, and lower levels of (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) and (-)-epigallo

159 t dry matter in raw fresh cocoa beans to 6mg epicatechin equivalents per gram in the final chocolate.

160 ant capacity decreased accordingly from 25mg epicatechin equivalents per gram non-fat dry matter in r

161 ation operator DP1-DP13) decreased from 30mg epicatechin equivalents per gram non-fat dry matter in r

162 C50 of 0.97mg/mL, and total flavonoids (44.7 epicatechin equivalents/100g).

163 e water maze was enhanced by ingestion of (-)epicatechin, especially in combination with exercise.

164 , (3) (-)-epicatechin ((-)-Epi), and (4) (-)-epicatechin-exercise ((-)-Epi-Ex).

165 Condensed tannins composed of epicatechin from monomer to octamer were isolated from c

166 eoxyhexoside (1475-2,070 mug/g extracts) and epicatechin gallate (885-1,603 mug/g extracts); while al

167 hin (EC), (-)-catechin gallate (CG), and (-)-epicatechin gallate (ECG) in grape products were success

168 een tea (epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate (ECG)) inhibit GDH in vitro and that

169 n catechin gallate (CG, IC50 = 53 microM) or epicatechin gallate (ECG, IC50 = 76 microM) against the

170 was positively (p<0.05) correlated with (-)-epicatechin gallate and total phenolic contents.

171 tested, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epicatechin gallate were found to inhibit GDH with nanom

172 echins [(-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate)] were most efficient in the inhibit

173 AAPH-induced erythrocyte hemolysis while (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-

174 techins (especially epigallocatechin galate, epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin) than tea infused a

175 phenolics in hazelnut shells were catechin, epicatechin gallate, and gallic acid, as quantified by h

176 Phenolic compounds, such as gallic acid, epicatechin gallate, catechin, epicatechin and isoquerci

177 elated with the phenolic compounds catechin, epicatechin gallate, procyanidin B1, rutin, gallic acid,

178 ocyanidins B1 and B2, catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, quercetin 3-beta-d-glucoside, delfi

179 Coumaroylquinic acid, epicatechin gallate, quercetin, and six other phenolics

180 ea polyphenols, epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate.

181 nyl]-1,3-benzodioxol-5-amine (MSNBA) and (-)-epicatechin-gallate (ECG).

182 ith the most abundant being gallic acid, (-)-epicatechin-gallate, 4-p-coumaroylquinic acid, quercetin

183 uercetin and catechin, moderate affinity for epicatechin, gallic acid and lower affinity for 4-methyl

184 showing concentrations of (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, gallic acid, (-)-gallocatechin and querceti

185 , hesperidin), catechins or flavanols (e.g., epicatechin, gallocatechin), anthocyanidins (e.g., cyani

186 , benzyl isothiocyanate [BITC], simvastatin, epicatechin, genistein, resveratrol, and memantine) befo

187 loping seeds correlated with the presence of epicatechin glucoside and accumulation of PAs.

188 In contrast, epicatechin glucuronides were dominant in plasma, bile,

189 The PCO plus (-)-epicatechin group values were comparable with those of t

190 e comparable with those of the sham plus (-)-epicatechin group.

191 trength (9.3N) over SPI alone (6.4N) whereas epicatechin had no effect.

192 that naturally occurring catechin as well as epicatechin has no impact on the Mal d 1 content of the

193 ocoa flavanol intake, especially that of (-)-epicatechin, has been linked to beneficial effects on hu

194 have shown increasing concentrations of (-)-epicatechin in human plasma after cocoa consumption, no

195 tinal, biliary, and urinary excretion of (-)-epicatechin in humans.

196 d of the proanthocyanidin (PAC) catechin and epicatechin in monomeric (Mo), oligomeric, and polymeric

197 to the protective effects of the flavonoids epicatechin (in cocoa and tea) and quercetin (in tea).

198 specific endonuclease activity, apigenin and epicatechin increase the excision of damages and sakuran

199 The dose of epicatechin ingested via cocoa products influenced the c

200 The objective was to quantify the effect of epicatechin ingested via cocoa products on changes in SB

201 intake than in men in the bottom tertile of epicatechin intake (HR: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.98).

202 ere used to investigate repeated measures of epicatechin intake in relation to 25-y CVD mortality.

203 w, for the first time to our knowledge, that epicatechin intake is inversely related to CHD mortality

204 y was 38% lower in men in the top tertile of epicatechin intake than in men in the bottom tertile of

205 Epicatechin intake was also significantly associated wit

206 Epicatechin intake was estimated 4 times in 15 y with th

207 We investigated the associations of dietary epicatechin intake with 25-y CVD mortality in elderly Du

208 The flavanol (-)-epicatechin is a component of many CTs and contributes t

209 (-)-Epicatechin is a dietary flavonoid present in many foods

210 Almost one-half of the (-)-epicatechin is apparently absorbed in the jejunum but wi

211 Because epicatechin is suggested to be responsible for the treat

212 that the human ingestion of the flavanol (-)-epicatechin is, at least in part, causally linked to the

213 acid conjugation of the model substrate, (-)-epicatechin, is catalyzed mainly by UGT1A8 and UGT1A9.

214 as 1.17mM and for pyranomalvidin-3-glucoside-epicatechin it was 0.87mM.

215 Intake of total catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and myricetin and consumption o

216 lkalized cocoa mixture that contained 1.6 mg epicatechin/kg body weight significantly decreased pizza

217 ids, and benzoic acids, in the seed, reduces epicatechin levels without corresponding effects on othe

218 e of this study was to determine whether (-)-epicatechin (mainly found in cocoa) could attenuate detr

219 Our data suggest that (-)-epicatechin may be a suitable compound to maintain exerc

220 Findings indicate that rutin and epicatechin may be used as a natural means for improving

221 Our results suggest that epicatechin may in part contribute to the cardioprotecti

222 eport for the first time that a biosynthetic epicatechin metabolite, 3'-O-methyl-epicatechin-5-O-beta

223 the curve of the plasma concentration of (-)-epicatechin metabolites over time was higher after the c

224 ate an increased plasma concentration of (-)-epicatechin metabolites that coincides with enhanced vas

225 models were obtained to determine quercetin, epicatechin, oenin and syringic acid.

226 We examined the effects of the flavanol (-)-epicatechin on short- and long-term infarct size and lef

227 oa solids (NFCS) was not a good predictor of epicatechin or flavanol content.

228 ized cocoa mixture containing essentially no epicatechin or procyanidins), the following beverages ca

229 Animals received 1 mg kg(-1) of (-)-epicatechin or water (vehicle) via oral gavage (twice da

230 or 1M methanolic HCl, with (+)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin, or (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) adde

231 range of phenolic compounds, including PAs, epicatechin, other flavonoids, and benzoic acids, in the

232 sible for conversion of anthocyanidin to (-)-epicatechin, paralleled the accumulation of PAs in devel

233 ce of bioactive compounds, such as catechin, epicatechin, piceid and resveratrol.

234 ppetite: 1) a nonalkalized cocoa mixture; 2) epicatechin plus placebo; and 3) procyanidins plus place

235 tration and reaction time, in addition to an epicatechin/PP mass ratio of 2.19.

236 icatechin-(beta --> 2 O --> 7, 4 beta --> 8)-epicatechin (proanthocyanidin A2).

237 h chemical composition showed that catechin, epicatechin, procyanidin B1 and beta-carotene are the ma

238 eobromine, theophylline, caffeine, catechin, epicatechin, procyanidins A2 and B2.

239 ANR) transcripts, the enzyme responsible for epicatechin production, showed similar levels among samp

240 howed the extract (containing scopoletin and epicatechin) progressively prolonged the time to exhaust

241 Furthermore, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and chlorogenic acid were found t

242 n of cells by 52.1% at 48h, whilst catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and gallic acid (60mug/ml) inhibi

243 respectively and, along with pure catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and gallic acid, they were all fo

244 igallocatechin, epicatechin and rutin; while epicatechin, quercetin and rutin were the main contribut

245 trans-resveratrol, oenin, malvin, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin and syringic acid were determined

246 assessed for the quantification of catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, resveratrol, caffeic acid, galli

247 but lacked accuracy in the prediction of (-)-epicatechin (R(2)-P=0.72, RMSEP=0.57).

248 =0.88) as well as individual substances like epicatechin (R(2)=0.93) or lactic acid (R(2)=0.87) could

249 (-)-epicatechin reduces blood pressure in hypertensive patie

250 theobromine and phenols during fermentation, epicatechin remained in the fermented cotyledon in high

251 r remained rich in phenolics, especially (-)-epicatechin, rutin, and (+)-catechin.

252 The cardioprotective mechanism(s) of (-)-epicatechin seem to be unrelated to AKT or ERK activatio

253 ptimum depolymerisation condition with added epicatechin shared the same temperature, acid concentrat

254 Recently, we designed (-)-epicatechin sulfate (ECS), the first small nonsaccharide

255 l, nonsugar, aromatic molecule, (minus sign)-epicatechin sulfate (ECS), was designed to mimic the non

256 pillary electrophoresis as diastereomers (-)-epicatechin sulfate and (+)-catechin sulfate do not reso

257 inding studies with heparin pentasaccharide, epicatechin sulfate, and full-length heparin indicate th

258 Epicatechin supplementation did not change flow-mediated

259 Epicatechin supplementation improved fasting plasma insu

260 llocatechin galate, epicatechin gallate, and epicatechin) than tea infused at 80 degrees C.

261 (-)-Epicatechin, the most bioactive compound and predominant

262 erts 4beta-(S-cysteinyl)-epicatechin back to epicatechin, the starter unit in PAs, thereby regulating

263 cations, especially the epimerization of (-)-epicatechin to (-)-catechin.

264 sults demonstrate the unique capacity of (-)-epicatechin to confer cardioprotection in the setting of

265 odegradation product glyoxylic acid with (-)-epicatechin to form xanthylium cation pigments.

266 Oral administration of chemically pure (-)-epicatechin to humans closely emulated acute vascular ef

267 e, we examined the effects of 15 days of (-)-epicatechin treatment and regular exercise on: (1) exerc

268 abundance were significantly higher with (-)-epicatechin treatment for hindlimb and cardiac muscles t

269 catechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin trimer (procyanidin C1), X. p-hydroxybenzald

270 roanthocyanidins (PAs) composed primarily of epicatechin units accumulate in the seed coats of the mo

271 omeric procyanidins containing 4alpha-linked epicatechin units are rare in nature and have hitherto n

272 dimers and oligomers consisting primarily of epicatechin units.

273 ide-catechol, and pyranomalvidin-3-glucoside-epicatechin] using saturation transfer difference-NMR an

274 (-)-epicatechin warrants further investigation as a cardiopr

275 Mean intake of epicatechin was 15.2 +/- 7.7 mg/d, and the major dietary

276 Contrary to catechin, epicatechin was a reliable predictive value of the polyp

277 microg/mL) or an equivalent concentration of epicatechin was added to the storage solution and the la

278 Epicatechin was compared to EVOO phenolics and the behav

279 Epicatechin was found in untreated fruits, on the contra

280 The addition of epicatechin was found to increase water vapour permeabil

281 ere much higher than in HepG2 cells, and (-)-epicatechin was much more readily conjugated when applie

282 in 8 healthy volunteers, 50 mg purified (-)-epicatechin was perfused into an isolated jejunal segmen

283 echin was found in pigmented tissues whereas epicatechin was restricted to tuber skin.

284 flavonols ranged from 0.095 to 3.264mgg(-1), epicatechin was the predominant flavanol accounting for

285 (-)-Epicatechin was then added, and the solutions incubated

286 When epicatechin was used as a model inhibitor, kinetic analy

287 ensile strengths of SPI films with rutin and epicatechin were similar (35.1 MPa and 22.1 MPa, respect

288 s quantified in araticum fruit, catechin and epicatechin were the major ones from pulp and peel, wher

289 (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin were the most effective compounds in protect

290 ce extraction, and catechin, gallic acid and epicatechin were the principal compounds identified.

291 ith certified concentrations of catechin and epicatechin were used for method validation.

292 cid, trans-resveratrol, (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, were examined using HPLC-MS with direct inj

293 flavanone, naringenin, and the flavanol, (-)-epicatechin, were ineffectual.

294 ponded to the flavanols (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin, whereas malvidin-3-glucoside was the most a

295 coa products depends on the dose of ingested epicatechin, which explains most of the between-study di

296 essure should depend on the dose of ingested epicatechin, which may explain the between-study differe

297 ration, and cysteine oxidation; flavonoid(-)-epicatechin, which prevented ceruloplasmin tyrosine nitr

298 PAs, and accumulation of 4beta-(S-cysteinyl)-epicatechin, which provides the 4-->8 linked extension u

299 Reaction products of (-)-epicatechin with acetaldehyde formed in model solution w

300 In particular, incubation of epicatechin with epigallocatechin with tyrosinase gave a

301 Depolymerisation, with or without added epicatechin, yielded 644 mug and 202 mug of oligomers (m