ライフサイエンスコーパス: expiration

1 parenchyma to increase in attenuation during expiration).

2 n alveolar size from peak inspiration to end expiration).

3 ation-based lung deformation (inspiration vs expiration).

4 the highest correlation with coefficient on expiration.

5 ation by preventing alveolar collapse at end expiration.

6 lacement was smaller during inspiration than expiration.

7 tary breathing as controlled inspiration and expiration.

8 respiratory neural activity generated during expiration.

9 piration followed by a prominent rise during expiration.

10 h, which is done immediately after a maximum expiration.

11 rred only when stimuli were delivered during expiration.

12 The diaphragm is an important regulator of expiration.

13 ension and prevents alveolar collapse at end expiration.

14 eement by facilitating identification of end-expiration.

15 at least, a portion of their activity during expiration.

16 ases during inspiration and decreases during expiration.

17 the alveolus, maintaining lung volume at end expiration.

18 l ventilation and completely collapse at end expiration.

19 Measurements were recorded at end-expiration.

20 e alveoli collapse totally (type III) at end expiration.

21 ratory muscle and is assumed to relax during expiration.

22 ratory onset (3) mid-inspiration and (4) mid-expiration.

23 entially during post-inspiration and stage 2 expiration.

24 were performed either during inspiration or expiration.

25 alveolar pressure is near zero at the end of expiration.

26 alveolar pressure that exists at the end of expiration.

27 ing an inhibitory synaptic volley relayed by expiration.

28 ratory events, with little attention paid to expiration.

29 : inspiration, glottic narrowing, and forced expiration.

30 whereas it did not change significantly with expiration.

31 ume (baseline), deep inspiration, and forced expiration.

32 bursts during both inspiration and the early expiration.

33 its inspiratory neurons, thereby lengthening expiration.

34 aths triggered late in inspiration or during expiration.

35 urate assessment of alveolar pressure at end-expiration.

36 n was shorter during inspiration than during expiration.

37 vered selectively during desired portions of expiration.

38 ement for an increased shunt fraction during expiration.

39 ormed with the use of mean density values on expiration.

40 teral parafacial region (pFL) driving active expiration.

41 e., cessation of both inspiration and active expiration.

42 ith a greater percentage of large alveoli at expiration.

43 ity of spinal respiratory neurons engaged in expiration.

44 is tracheal diameter from inspiration to end-expiration.

45 atelet products are frequently wasted due to expiration.

46 asured in units of 0.1 cm following a normal expiration.

47 urface tension to avoid lung collapse at end-expiration.

48 ith bicuculline and strychnine led to active expiration.

49 ivated, e.g., during exercise, drives active expiration.

50 ral CO2-chemoreception and for gating active expiration.

51 internal and external, are activated during expiration.

52 RG) as the site for the generation of active expiration.

53 lectromechanical coupling during spontaneous expiration.

54 lus coincided with late-inspiration or early-expiration.

55 firing is correlated with late-phase active expiration.

56 breathing frequency, inspiration, and active expiration.

57 ated less frequently during inspiration than expiration.

58 anipulated the frequency of inspirations and expirations.

59 E velocity was similar after inspiration and expiration (0.81 +/- 0.24 and 0.84 +/- 0.21 m/s, respect

60 on, 0.8+/-0.3 versus 1.5+/-0.7 [p < 0.0001]; expiration, 1.0+/-0.3 vs. 1.9+/-0.7 [p < 0.0001]) and de

61 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration, 2.2 percent predicted [95% CI, 0.1% to 4.3%]

62 The average percentage of stenosis at end expiration (21% +/- 16) was significantly higher than th

63 Estimated PL was 1.5 +/- 6.3 cm H2O at end-expiration, 21.4 +/- 9.3 cm H2O at end-inflation, and 18

64 inspiration, 198+/-53 ms versus 137+/-32 ms; expiration, 225+/-43 ms vs. 161+/-33 ms [p < 0.0001]).

65 wed that maximum MSNA always occurred at end expiration (25% to 30% of total activity) and minimum ac

66 frame area) at inspiration (39.9%-42.2%) and expiration (35.9%-38.7%) similar to that in the control

67 r occupancy at inspiration (46.7%-47.9%) and expiration (40.2%-46.6%) similar to that in the control

68 hat in the control group (inspiration 53.3%; expiration 50.3%; P > .01).

69 espiratory group (RTN/pFRG) generates active expiration (AE).

70 iration (25%) and from 6.4 to 3.8 L (41%) at expiration after surgery and correlated well with measur

71 to 38% at inspiration and from 60% to 27% at expiration after surgery.

72 tion Pes averaged 17.5 +/- 5.7 cm H2O at end-expiration and 21.2 +/- 7.7 cm H2O at end-inflation and

73 en alveolar area at peak inspiration and end expiration and assessed as a percentage change (I-E Delt

74 resulted in prolongations of inspiration and expiration and decreases of phrenic amplitude; phasic ph

75 CT scans were acquired at end expiration and end inspiration.

76 CT scans were acquired at end expiration and end inspiration.

77 S promote the transition from inspiration to expiration and function as part of the 'Inspiratory Off

78 nstability and a tendency to collapse during expiration and increased work of breathing necessitating

79 at low tilt angles, but occurred equally in expiration and inspiration at high tilt angles.

80 Images acquired during expiration and inspiration of the rostral, mid-, and cau

81 he percent mass of nonaerated tissue between expiration and inspiration.

82 ne group of motoneurones is activated during expiration and only one of the pathways has been detecte

83 abenz, an alpha2-agonist, prolonged baseline expiration and potentiated PHFD.

84 hibiting neurons that are most active during expiration and provide a framework for respiratory sinus

85 Phasic RTN stimulation produced active expiration and reduced early expiratory airflow (i.e. in

86 Phasic stimulation also produced active expiration and reduced early expiratory airflow but only

87 tical metabolic conditions to provide forced expiration and reduced upper airway resistance simultane

88 tidal ventilation but remained patent at end expiration and those that totally collapsed and reexpand

89 Arterial wave energy decreased during expiration and Valsalva manoeuvre due to decreased ventr

90 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration and/or the peak expiratory flow rate, which c

91 onist bicuculline methiodide (BIC) shortened expirations and call durations.

92 acity plus 1 L), CT (at full inspiration and expiration), and spirometry or plethysmography were perf

93 he expiratory phase (the terminal 10-100% of expiration), and two different TGI catheter flow rates w

94 SPC-muscle activation during inspiration or expiration, and airway reopening.

95 ti-detector row CT: end inspiration, dynamic expiration, and end expiration (the latter was performed

96 When applied to the patent UA during expiration, and especially during late expiration, HFPOs

97 tiple aspects of breathing, including active expiration, and maintain breathing automaticity during n

98 tilation but did not totally collapse at end expiration; and type III alveoli (n = 12) demonstrated a

99 ntilation but do not totally collapse at end expiration; and type III, alveoli visibly change size du

100 Inspiration and active expiration are commonly viewed as antagonistic phases of

101 We hypothesize that inspiration and expiration are generated by coupled, anatomically separa

102 Since the major muscles of expiration are innervated by the first thoracic segment

103 oblique at 45 degrees or 30 degrees angle on expiration as well as 45 degrees and 39 degrees projecti

104 lung structure is optimized for the rate of expiration as well as minimum energy loss.

105 Depolarizing pFL neurons produced active expiration at rest, but not when inspiratory activity wa

106 were analyzed during apnea, inspiration and expiration, at atrial paced heart rates of 60, 80, 100 a

107 ype II in that they totally collapsed at end expiration (atelectasis) and reinflated during inspirati

108 images were obtained at full inspiration and expiration before and after surgery.

109 n, BMI [r = 0.37], WC [r = 0.43], P < .0001; expiration, BMI [r = 0.24], WC [r = 0.26], P < .0001).

110 on, BMI [r = 0.57], WC [r = 0.62] P < .0001; expiration, BMI [r = 0.58], WC [r = 0.64], P < .0001) an

111 Normal PV flow was higher in expiration, but this effect was lost in TCPC and APC pat

112 r than 0.794 help airways remain open during expiration by increasing both viscous pressure drop and

113 ed as the RR interval change associated with expiration by phase-rectified signal averaging.

114 differential effects during inspiration and expiration by unresolved central mechanisms.

115 ntuation of celiac artery compression at end expiration can give rise to a potential pitfall of breat

116 namic lung compliance during inspiration and expiration cannot be modeled accurately with conventiona

117 ntilator then cycles to a lower pressure and expiration commences.

118 and approximately 6% in PAH patients during expiration compared to inspiration, while the wave speed

119 , followed by a significant narrowing at end-expiration compared with the peak CSA during that expira

120 of behaviors and reflex responses, including expiration, coughing, sneezing, vomiting, postural contr

121 ation compared with the peak CSA during that expiration (CSA: breath-3, 79 +/- 3% to 62 +/- 6%; breat

122 ecreased attenuation of the lung parenchyma; expiration CT scans were scored for extent of air trappi

123 getable oils according to conservation state expiration date employing near infrared (NIR) spectrosco

124 sibility to extend the storability after the expiration date, for a possible recovery of bioactive co

125 f bisphenol A in all of these food, based on expiration date, the amount of glucose and sodium chlori

126 increase in the amount of glucose, NaCl and expiration date.

127 d different levels of plasminolysis at their expiration dates, as revealed by alphas2-CN (f1-25) 4P a

128 third-party payer issues and product patent expiration dates.

129 third-party payer issues and product patent expiration dates.

130 when the enzyme blends were used within the expiration dating specified by the manufacturer.

131 and each inspiration was preceded by active expiration, denoting abdominal muscle contraction.

132 astly, lifting of the object occurred during expiration during most experimental conditions.

133 d the diaphragmatic electric activity during expiration, dynamic computed tomographic scans, and resp

134 measured at peak inspiration (I) and at end expiration (E) by image analysis and I minus E was calcu

135 was measured at peak inspiration (I) and end expiration (E) on individual subpleural alveoli by image

136 The ratio of the mean lung density at end expiration (E) to end inspiration (I) was calculated in

137 iration (EI) and 50% corresponding to end of expiration (EE).

138 ng the amount of sinus arrhythmia related to expiration (expiration-triggered sinus arrhythmia [ETA])

139 s content at end-inspiration (F(EI)) and end-expiration (F(EE)) using the formula sVol = (F(EI) - F(E

140 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV(1)) of at least 50% predicted, and negat

141 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (FEV1) at age 4 and 5 years.

142 erior/superior positions by full inspiration/expiration (FI/FE) during pull-throughs.

143 efficiency, declining innovation, key patent expirations, fierce price competition from generics, hig

144 ced by turning off the respirator during end expiration for 2 min.

145 r separation was also acquired at the end of expiration for PET attenuation correction purposes.

146 ed efficiency, stagnant success rate, patent expirations for key drugs, fierce price competition from

147 During expiration, for all breaths there was an initial signifi

148 elds were subsequently applied to the end-of-expiration frame of the acquired 4D MRI volume and the A

149 n infants the rate of emptying during forced expiration from near total lung capacity to residual vol

150 rst-order surrogates for infected human lung expirations from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

151 uring expiration, and especially during late expiration, HFPOs prolonged expiratory time (TE) and ton

152 constant airflow during both inspiration and expiration, highlighting a design optimized for efficien

153 Increase in tonic scalene activity at end-expiration, however, was equivalent during crescendo and

154 hted 4D MR images were registered to the end-expiration image using a nonrigid B-spline registration

155 ns were obtained at full inspiration and end expiration in 21 pediatric lung transplant recipients wi

156 hould be set to prevent lung collapse at end expiration in ARDS.

157 harges were present for both inspiration and expiration in both external and internal intercostal ner

158 ppler ultrasonography during inspiration and expiration in both the supine and upright positions.

159 and closing during chewing, and inspiration-expiration in breathing, which must be labile in frequen

160 NEP could be used to assess FL during forced expiration in infants.

161 riable and inconsistent phasic activation in expiration in one or more of the PCs was present in seve

162 rease during inspiration and decrease during expiration in the presence of a variable shunt fraction,

163 Diaphragmatic electric activity during expiration increased by decreasing end-expiratory lung v

164 %], P<.001 versus end-tidal volume), whereas expiration increased the cardiac volume included (median

165 ricular systolic area during inspiration and expiration is a reliable catheterization criterion for d

166 clude that in anesthetized adult rats active expiration is driven by the pFL but requires an addition

167 minute ventilation remains unchanged and end-expiration is included in the catheter flush period.

168 In mammals, expiration is lengthened by mid-expiratory lung inflatio

169 ro-posterior oblique projection performed on expiration is recommended for diagnostics and interpreta

170 e such that for a 45 degrees oblique view on expiration is recommended for radiographic imaging of pa

171 n of the transitions between inspiration and expiration is the timing of the inspiratory off-switch (

172 tion (%LAA-950insp) and less than -910 HU at expiration (%LAA-910exp) obtained with single univariate

173 to produce a technically satisfactory forced expiration lasting 0.5 second, only 46 (58%) could produ

174 g 0.5 second, only 46 (58%) could produce an expiration lasting 1 second, with the youngest children

175 rrow range of breathing amplitude around end-expiration level with 35% of the counts in a 7-min acqui

176 e in 1s), because airway constriction during expiration limits the rate of rapid respiration.

177 ate rhythm generators, one generating active expiration located close to the facial nucleus in the re

178 d to the transitions between inspiration and expiration may vary, and abnormal respiratory mechanics

179 ated that the rate of emptying during forced expiration measured by both parameters was greatest in t

180 obtained during suspended respiration at end expiration (n = 50) or at end inspiration (n = 50), and

181 elastically registered to the single end-of-expiration NAC PET image.

182 with the normal chest wall condition, at end-expiration non aerated lung tissue weight was increased

183 alveolar homogeneity between inspiration and expiration occurred with higher PEEP (16-24 cm H2O) (P >

184 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration of 0.6 L [0.2 L], and mean [SD] Paco2 while b

185 raphy (CT) scans acquired at inspiration and expiration of 194 individuals with COPD from the COPDGen

186 Bilateral renal ischemia led to the expiration of 64% of wild-type mice within 4 days of rep

187 ly estimated at peak inspiration and at peak expiration of each gasp by transesophageal methods.

188 rt and persists to re-excite the heart after expiration of the refractory period.

189 ts had at least mild artery narrowing at end expiration, of whom 40 (73%) had less narrowing at end i

190 ith atelectasis and alveolar flooding at end-expiration (open-lung ventilation).

191 cluded an excitatory wave in inspiration, in expiration, or in both of these.

192 ith dynamic expiration versus 30.9% with end expiration (P < .0001); and bronchus intermedius, 57.5%

193 ynamic heterogeneity between inspiration and expiration (P < .01 for both) with a greater percentage

194 plasma viral load (P < .02), and time to kit expiration (P < .01).

195 ith dynamic expiration versus 28.6% with end expiration (P = .0022).

196 ith dynamic expiration versus 35.7% with end expiration (P = .0046); carina, 53.6% with dynamic expir

197 partial pressure of oxygen during end-tidal expiration (P(ET)o(2)) was kept between 50 and 60 mmHg,

198 lapse; (3) airway dilatation occurred during expiration, particularly early in the phase; and (4) mag

199 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (percent of predicted) over time differed bet

200 creased probability of SWRs during the early expiration phase.

201 ssure exerts its effects keeping open at end-expiration previously collapsed areas of the lung; conse

202 oduced a significant reduction of CSA at end-expiration prior to obstructive apnea.

203 f these neurones showed peak activity during expiration prior to the onset of hypoxia.

204 Continuing lung deflation at end- expiration raises the end-expiratory C02 concentration w

205 uring the same period, our model reduces the expiration rate from 10.5 to 3.2%.

206 Compared with historical expiration rates during the same period, our model reduc

207 aths/min (range 31 to 46) and an inspiration/expiration ratio (I/E) of 1:1.2 (range 1:1.1 to 1:2) was

208 : tidal volume 250 mL; FIO2 0.5; inspiration/expiration ratio 1:3; respiratory rate 25 breaths/min; p

209 raphe nuclei, and nucleus retroambiguus (the expiration region of the caudal ventral respiratory grou

210 the concept that it is not only involved in expiration-related activities but also in species specif

211 In contrast, individual MUs typically showed expiration-related decreases in firing as exercise inten

212 Maintenance of alveolar patency at end expiration requires pulmonary surfactant, a mixture of p

213 ced expiratory volume in the first second of expiration (RR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.26-2.85; P = .002; I(2)

214 xtracted from the respective inspiration and expiration scans of 248 asthmatic patients.

215 ught that inhibition between inspiration and expiration simply prevents activity in the antagonistic

216 cross-sectional area during inspiration and expiration, smaller increases in airway area during insp

217 way performance often record some measure of expiration, such as FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1s

218 pressure-time area during inspiration versus expiration (systolic area index) was used as a measureme

219 .2 +/- 4.7 cm H2O) and the time constant for expiration (tau = CL/Gu) decreased (2.67 +/- 0.62 to 2.3

220 athetic bursts occurred more commonly during expiration than inspiration at low tilt angles, but occu

221 th a high BMI averaged lower breath-hydrogen expiration than other HI subjects.

222 thod to facilitate the identification of end-expiration that can significantly improve interobserver

223 end inspiration, dynamic expiration, and end expiration (the latter was performed only at the levels

224 At end expiration, the average celiac artery angle was signific

225 ince flow progressively decreases throughout expiration, the reduction in dynamic hyperinflation resu

226 ly one direction during both inspiration and expiration through most of the tubular gas-exchanging br

227 should be considered for samplers with short expiration times and labile analytes; (5) two study-spec

228 he difference in the respiratory change from expiration to inspiration (%E) between pulsed Doppler mi

229 Expiration to inspiration changes (median) affected TR p

230 S/D and S/D-VTI significantly increased from expiration to inspiration.

231 ocity and D-VTI significantly decreased from expiration to inspiration; 2) the %E in PV-D velocity (2

232 e that some motor tasks are performed during expiration to take advantage of changes in intrathoracic

233 Expiration-triggered sinus arrhythmia (ETA) is a potent

234 t of sinus arrhythmia related to expiration (expiration-triggered sinus arrhythmia [ETA]) from short-

235 ed inspiratory activity and initiated active expiration, ultimately progressing to apnea, i.e., cessa

236 tely 120 ms at both the beginning and end of expiration under all conditions.

237 in frequency resulted from a prolongation of expiration (up to 276%), which gradually returned to bas

238 rs were measured at peak inspiration and end expiration using digital image analysis, and strain was

239 illness, more atopy, lower flow at end-tidal expiration (V'maxFRC), and greater declines in lung func

240 and bronchus intermedius, 57.5% with dynamic expiration versus 28.6% with end expiration (P = .0022).

241 tion (P = .0046); carina, 53.6% with dynamic expiration versus 30.9% with end expiration (P < .0001);

242 as follows: aortic arch, 53.9% with dynamic expiration versus 35.7% with end expiration (P = .0046);

243 parenchyma density values on inspiration and expiration, visual HRCT scores, and pulmonary function t

244 It is involved in expiration, vomiting, vocalization, and probably reprodu

245 revealed that scalene muscle activity at end-expiration was 50.7 +/- 14.0% higher at highest increase

246 inuation of mechanical inflation into neural expiration was associated with failure of the subsequent

247 NOe at end expiration was measured by chemiluminescence in an isola

248 Although PL at end-expiration was significantly correlated with positive en

249 in which mid-expiratory inflation lengthens expiration was used to study afferent modulation of resp

250 NO (estimated from bronchiolar gases at end-expiration) was near zero, suggesting NO in exhaled gase

251 yperpolarizing pFL neurons attenuated active expiration when it was induced by hypercapnia, hypoxia,

252 ibly obvious collapse of the alveolus during expiration, whether this collapse is total or partial.

253 This model minimizes waste due to expiration while avoiding shortages; the number of remai

254 l end of the facial nucleus abolished active expirations, while rhythmic inspirations continued.

255 as which accompany a swallow are followed by expiration (xE swallows).