ライフサイエンスコーパス: extinction

1 n in Earth's oceans resulting in marine mass extinction.

2 isolation of populations and their possible extinction.

3 romote memory strengthening while inhibiting extinction.

4 29S1/SvlmJ (S1) mouse model of impaired fear extinction.

5 ved secular decreases in rates of background extinction.

6 eciation rate decelerated with time, with no extinction.

7 tigated the role of nigrostriatal DA in fear extinction.

8 therefore be considered in policies aimed at extinction.

9 e fear conditioning, it may also reduce fear extinction.

10 ng severe global warming and subsequent mass extinction.

11 marine invasions have consistently ended in extinction.

12 ranolol rescues the IED, but impairs delayed extinction.

13 terococcal species following the End Permian Extinction.

14 ill others where one population is driven to extinction.

15 li, in contrast to those who underwent yoked extinction.

16 umerous different lineages that survived the extinction.

17 luence rediscovery from those that influence extinction.

18 tion strategies to prevent this species from extinction.

19 cally to mice to evaluate its effect on fear extinction.

20 rocesses can drive even large populations to extinction.

21 salidroside has driven some species close to extinction.

22 ly been shown to play a crucial role in fear extinction.

23 s known, respectively, as reconsolidation or extinction.

24 standard extinction training or retrieval + extinction.

25 eutral one; and (4) inhibition impaired fear extinction.

26 xaggerated fear expression and impaired fear extinction.

27 on and promoted persistent responding during extinction.

28 , particularly among organisms threatened by extinction.

29 required for pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction.

30 only for individuals who were responsive to extinction.

31 y may cause resistance to or facilitation of extinction.

32 nalysis might illuminate mechanisms of viral extinction.

33 in timing and pacing the Late Devonian mass extinction.

34 lecular mechanisms that are not required for extinction.

35 s that paralleled more rapid contextual fear extinction.

36 played persistently elevated freezing during extinction.

37 f incentive cues that is highly resistant to extinction.

38 This prevents harvesting to extinction.

39 as a contributor to the latest Permian mass extinction.

40 nds can also provide refuge from continental extinction.

41 the facilitatory effect of D-serine on fear extinction.

42 d conservation strategy for populations near extinction.

43 ge over Neanderthals, which led to the their extinction.

44 stem function relations following non-random extinctions.

45 perturbations that are more likely to cause extinctions.

46 luding the end-Permian and end-Triassic mass extinctions.

47 us provinces are long-lived compared to mass extinctions.

48 tion rates and to avert a new wave of global extinctions.

49 onge remains were deposited after other mass extinctions [5, 6], suggesting a general pattern of spon

50 f D1 receptors in the DS did not impact fear extinction acquisition or memory, but blocked fear renew

51 t, because mean time to the first determined extinction across all fragments is 7 years.

52 Classical learning theories predict extinction after the discontinuation of reinforcement th

53 Both the end-Permian and end-Triassic mass extinctions also triggered abrupt shifts to increased do

54 ng the effects of species characteristics on extinction and detection, and using models with the assu

55 pecies' range sizes generally contracted pre-extinction and expanded post-colonisation, but the range

56 , these studies point to old age of TRF, low extinction and high speciation rates as credible drivers

57 cells resulted in attenuation of cocaine CPP extinction and lack of extinction-dependent changes in h

58 consumers, but ultimately led to population extinction and loss of ecosystem process.

59 mt1(+/-) knockout mice were impaired at fear extinction and novel- and spatial object recognition.

60 sia, placebo hypoalgesic effects show little extinction and persist after the discontinuation of rein

61 Although extinction and reconsolidation provide opportunities to

62 This makes statistical analysis of extinction and rediscovery challenging.

63 Conditioned place preference, extinction and reinstatement of extinguished preference

64 on of ethanol self-administration but before extinction and reinstatement.

65 r, and amygdalo-striatal projections control extinction and relapse in a rat model of alcohol seeking

66 red the acquisition of both conditioned fear extinction and response-outcome conditioning, as expecte

67 rate and magnitude of the end-Triassic mass extinction and subsequent biotic recovery.

68 Habitat fragmentation due to mega-wetlands extinction, and climate instability are suggested as the

69 hus, hsaHTenv may have contributed to HERV-T extinction, and could also potentially regulate cellular

70 e medial DS (DMS) were recruited during fear extinction, and Gq-DREADD-induced DA potentiated activit

71 on, including anxiogenesis, deficits in fear extinction, and increased ethanol consumption.

72 of thousands of species are threatened with extinction as a result of human activities.

73 mutants correlates well with defects in fear extinction as well as the appearance of depression-like

74 suggest that DG contributes to retrieval and extinction, as well as to the initial establishment of c

75 Es, free fatty acid (FFA) contents, specific extinction at 232 and 268 nm (K232 and K268), p-anisidin

76 light on the chondrichthyan response to the extinction at the end of the Devonian period.

77 n, which may exacerbate the problem of local extinction at this retreating boundary.

78 Although several population declines and extinctions attributed to Bd have been reported among cr

79 tive decline and could boost the efficacy of extinction-based exposure therapies.SIGNIFICANCE STATEME

80 cortex (IL-mPFC), a structure implicated in extinction, before four 45-min or immediately after four

81 s in diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) between habitats are often weak and inconsis

82 The data suggest that the influence of extinction, bottleneck events and/or selective sweeps wi

83 s a lineage survived the Jurassic-Cretaceous extinction boundary and expanded their known range, at l

84 ne seeking following self-administration and extinction, but each treatment potentiates reinstatement

85 a critical factor affecting disease-induced extinction, but the relative importance of transmission

86 into halting the ongoing wave of vertebrate extinctions by revealing the vulnerability of large and

87 change, and implicate humans, as the primary extinction cause.

88 in concentration by linear regression (molar extinction coefficient 23.2 (+/-0.3)x10(3)M(-1)cm(-1)).

89 The extinction coefficient K270 well reflected the EVOO prod

90 gap of 1.49 eV in thin film and a high molar extinction coefficient of 1.90 x 10(5) m(-1) cm(-1) in s

91 higher refractive index and slightly higher extinction coefficient than for the RMS TiOx.

92 a selective metallochromic sensor with high extinction coefficient, low quantum yield, and high phot

93 rcome enhancement in canopies with low light extinction coefficients and/or leaf area, pointing towar

94 nature even at elevated temperature, and the extinction coefficients of nucleic acids are also affect

95 ure their hypochromicity and determine their extinction coefficients.

96 chemical cycling - to determine whether post-extinction compensatory mechanisms alter biodiversity-ec

97 then assessed relapse to drug seeking under extinction conditions after 1 and 21 abstinence days.

98 ntagonist nor-binaltorphimine (NorBNI) under extinction conditions.

99 erm or angiosperm) and evolutionary pattern (extinction, continuation, or origination) during this in

100 Neither extinction date nor the population trajectory was sensit

101 ced drug seeking during early abstinence (on extinction day 1 (ED1)) may contribute to drug seeking v

102 iodiversity decline (e.g., the relaxation of extinction debts, or the progress of climate change) aga

103 This immediate extinction deficit (IED) may be due to stress-induced dy

104 However, ancient extinctions demonstrate that even active organisms can s

105 uation of cocaine CPP extinction and lack of extinction-dependent changes in hippocampal PSD CaMKII e

106 h to test this hypothesis and find that mass extinctions did increase faunal cosmopolitanism across P

107 t influence the probability of detection and extinction differently.

108 he black rhinoceros is again on the verge of extinction due to unsustainable poaching in its native r

109 and may thus provide an explanation for why extinctions due to Allee effects are rare in social spec

110 tinction risk of that population, Bd-induced extinction dynamics were far more sensitive to host resi

111 forces a re-evaluation of its demography and extinction dynamics.

112 n these functions lead to drastic changes in extinction dynamics.

113 sequence of South China may have aided post-extinction ecosystem recovery by stabilizing the sedimen

114 e fauna provides a unique window into a post-extinction ecosystem.

115 termined whether trace fear conditioning and extinction engages the SR/D-serine system in the brain.

116 a causal relationship with the end-Triassic extinction event ( approximately 201.5 Ma).

117 The largest mass extinction event in Earth's history marks the boundary b

118 Yet people are now driving the sixth mass extinction event in Earth's history.

119 antian, approximately 445 million years ago) extinction event was among the largest known, with 85% s

120 the full extent of the terminal Pleistocene extinction event.

121 e likely to survive during three of the four extinction events (Guadalupian, end-Permian, and end-Tri

122 Mass extinction events are short-lived and characterized by c

123 he result of multiple range contractions and extinction events.

124 Following cocaine self-administration and extinction, female rats were ovariectomized to isolate e

125 s abandonment, severe constriction, or local extinction followed by subsequent immigrations from sing

126 the effect of spatial coupling on the polio extinction frequency in islands relative to larger land

127 We modeled the two phases of relapse after extinction from cocaine self-administration to assess ho

128 tions and price increases capable of causing extinction from profitable overharvesting, and we compar

129 ng the early warning signals of catastrophic extinctions has recently become a central focus for ecol

130 Mass extinctions have profoundly impacted the evolution of li

131 Simulations show that marine extinctions help drive the pattern of young, depauperate

132 and Hg/TOC are observed at the end-Triassic extinction horizon, confirming that a volcanically induc

133 dated long-term memory can be neutralized by extinction if the learned prediction was inaccurate.

134 ent within Ae. aegypti but may promote local extinction in areas where they compete with Ae. albopict

135 aradigm to study threat-related learning and extinction in children that models real-world cues, envi

136 destruction in the tropics will cause a mass extinction in coming years, but the potential magnitude

137 mpus-dependent fear memory consolidation and extinction in mice.

138 fect of trophic position on fluctuations and extinction in natural communities.

139 active avoidance may be more effective than extinction in persistently diminishing threat responses.

140 nal downregulation following successful fear extinction in S1 mice.

141 have deficits in latent inhibition and fear extinction in the amygdala, suggesting a critical role f

142 es with load-dependent pathology have led to extinction in wildlife populations.

143 ty infrastructures have contributed to local extinctions in 260 species and currently influence 970 i

144 as been proposed as the driving force behind extinctions in the marine realm and glaciation on Antarc

145 rs promote diversification (speciation minus extinction) in clades.

146 pecies in our model is always driven towards extinction, in general the overall ecosystem diversity r

147 assic periods) containing four global change extinctions, including the end-Permian and end-Triassic

148 m effector of mTORC1, blocked within-session extinction, indicating a role for S6K1 independent of pr

149 in the basolateral amygdala, showed specific extinction-induced, but not fear-induced, increased expr

150 ssion in both extinction-rescued S1 mice and extinction-intact C57BL/6 (BL6) mice.

151 While disease-induced extinction is generally considered rare, a number of rec

152 l change over the interval where the earlier extinction is identified, it is impossible to exclude th

153 d counterparts.Although the mass end-Permian extinction is linked to large igneous provinces, its tri

154 f specific nodes of translational control in extinction is unknown.

155 Island biotas' sensitivity to extinction is well known, but islands can also provide r

156 their arrival in recipient communities, and "extinction lags" of resident species.

157 During extinction learning (day 2), TMS was paired with one of

158 orced lever pressing impaired within-session extinction learning and promoted the subsequent cued rei

159 We demonstrate that bHRs have facilitated extinction learning and retention compared with outbred

160 inistered on the day after birth facilitated extinction learning and retention in bHRs, but not in bL

161 rague Dawley rats, whereas bLRs show reduced extinction learning and retention.

162 The infralimbic cortex (IL) mediates extinction learning and the active suppression of cocain

163 Disruptions in fear-extinction learning are centrally implicated in a range

164 ldhood/adolescence, an understanding of fear-extinction learning in children is essential for (1) det

165 these behavioral phenotypes and facilitates extinction learning in outbred animals, therefore we exa

166 ately after the instrumental response during extinction learning of cocaine seeking encodes informati

167 (KCa2) channels have also been implicated in extinction learning of fear memories, and mGlu5 receptor

168 ect-location Paired-Associates learning- and Extinction learning tasks was found to be unimpaired.

169 rventions, such as exposure therapy, rely on extinction learning to reduce the development of stress-

170 Finally, we show that DG contributes to fear extinction learning, a process in which learned fear is

171 he striatum in human active avoidance versus extinction learning, and indicate that active avoidance

172 6 years, that children show intact fear and extinction learning, and show evidence of divergence in

173 In addition, following extinction learning, PV interneurons enable a competing

174 when the cue's salience was diminished after extinction learning.

175 dysregulation of neural circuits involved in extinction learning.

176 renoceptor blockade on immediate and delayed extinction learning.

177 ter appetitive conditioning with sucrose and extinction learning.

178 The aversive valence of these new extinction memories neutralizes previously learned odour

179 studies have shown that the consolidation of extinction memory requires de novo protein synthesis.

180 receptors during fear extinction render fear extinction memory resistant to the disrupting effects of

181 he animals' consolidation of both memory and extinction memory.

182 romising biomarker and imply that population extinctions might be preceded by a loop of physiological

183 The fear conditioning and extinction neurocircuitry has been extensively studied i

184 allosteric inhibitor) significantly enhanced extinction of alcohol-seeking behavior across multiple e

185 Ca2 channels as a novel target to facilitate extinction of alcohol-seeking behavior in rats.

186 re a novel target to facilitate long-lasting extinction of alcohol-seeking behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STAT

187 essed during the consolidation, retrieval or extinction of associative memories.

188 Humans have also been implicated in the extinction of Australia's megafauna.

189 Cav1.2 in the dorsal hippocampus attenuated extinction of cocaine CPP.

190 ptor-expressing cells of the hippocampus for extinction of cocaine CPP.

191 ampus and in D1 receptor-expressing cells in extinction of cocaine-associated memories, providing a f

192 further exploration of mechanisms underlying extinction of cocaine-seeking behavior.

193 cine site NMDA receptor agonist, can enhance extinction of conditioned fear responses.

194 dipoR2 was both necessary and sufficient for extinction of contextual fear and intrinsic excitability

195 pples, changes associated with a decrease in extinction of contextual fear memories.

196 cortex (IL-PFC) facilitates learning during extinction of cue-conditioned alcohol-seeking behavior.

197 Extinction of ES cell identity in single cells is acute.

198 Genetic extinction of Kras(mut) resulted in specific elimination

199 ng regional-scale biotic homogenization, the extinction of less-competitive species and the spread of

200 Overexploitation leads to the ecological extinction of many oceanic species.

201 NA and DNA methylation facilitates the acute extinction of naive pluripotency, a pre-requisite for ra

202 enefiting pollinators, could also hasten the extinction of native remnant plants in urban settings, o

203 In this model, stochastic extinction of oncogenic Kras signalling and emergence of

204 of treatment expectancies, resulting in less extinction of placebo hypoalgesia.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

205 seeking and neither pathway is necessary for extinction of responding.

206 ed measures of eventual damage (for example, extinction of species).

207 nd volcano, resulting in near-complete local extinction of the colony, with, on average, 400-800 year

208 n western North America will lead to genomic extinction of the latter.

209 te session, the amygdala is now required for extinction of the updated memory but the retrosplenial c

210 Extinction of these contextual associations, which invol

211 e HERV-T virus and likely contributed to the extinction of this virus.

212 a network as a bulwark against the continued extinction of wild populations, species, and ecosystems.

213 2,500 stream km, and contribute to 100 local extinctions of aquatic species.

214 nvasions by causing population collapses and extinctions of native species.

215 s distribution areas through potential local extinctions of the most vulnerable driest rear-edge stan

216 However, recent research suggests that extinction often fails to reduce fear when administered

217 fects of active avoidance learning and yoked extinction on threat responses in humans and contrasted

218 has also pushed many of our prey species to extinction or endangerment, a technology-driven process

219 mics has absorbing states and allows for the extinction or fixation of ideas, marking a key differenc

220 ugh a few paradigms probed fear conditioning/extinction or utilized peripheral immune, sleep, and non

221 f amygdalar neurons during fear learning and extinction over 6 days in behaving mice.

222 e net effect of projected climate change was extinction over a 70-year time window (2015-2085); small

223 emission tomography) with a fear-regulating extinction paradigm.

224 In novel Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction paradigms, pharmacological inactivation of ar

225 on in CTDP-32476 self-administration with an extinction pattern of drug-taking behavior, suggesting s

226 ous phase of the GST section we adjusted the extinction peak of the dipolar mode at the telecommunica

227 Subjects selectively bred for divergent extinction phenotypes were fear conditioned to a tone st

228 ered, our new approach provides estimates of extinction probability in species with few observation r

229 e labile memory could then be weakened by an extinction protocol or strengthened by reconditioning.

230 cue-elicited memory retrieval (ie, retrieval-extinction [R-E] training) can attenuate/eradicate the a

231 biome/habitat, estimated diversification and extinction rates, and evaluated biome/habitat and geogra

232 dle' or 'museum', emphasizing speciation and extinction rates.

233 of 84%, on-state efficiency 85%, and on-off extinction ratio of 19 dB at 1,550 nm wavelength under e

234 fabricated polarizing beamsplitter exhibits extinction ratios as high as 42 dB along with insertion

235 After extinction, rats received intra-pPVT administration of O

236 During extinction recall (day 3), the cue paired with TMS to ta

237 entromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) during extinction recall (etap2 = 0.178, P = .02).

238 .176 and P range between 0.02 and 0.003) and extinction recall (etap2 range between 0.111 and 0.235 a

239 or conditioning and r = -0.464, P = .004 for extinction recall) and the number of co-occuring anxiety

240 conditioning and etap2 = 0.227, P = .004 for extinction recall).

241 onductance response group differences during extinction recall, brain activation patterns between anx

242 ning downstream Cav1.2 targets revealed that extinction recruited calcium/calmodulin (Ca(2+)/CaMK)-de

243 and to enhanced cocaine seeking measured in extinction/reinstatement tests following an extended 3 w

244 Yet, cause-and-effect chains leading to the extinction remain poorly constrained as Late Devonian st

245 N DA neurons and DS D1 receptors during fear extinction render fear extinction memory resistant to th

246 Memory extinction requires output neurons with dendrites in the

247 t fear-induced, increased expression in both extinction-rescued S1 mice and extinction-intact C57BL/6

248 evealed PTSD-associated behaviors, including extinction-resistant fear memory, hyperarousal, generali

249 ad no effect on cocaine self-administration, extinction responding, and reinstatement of drug seeking

250 ITO counter-electrode, altering the optical extinction response.

251 ion sessions, had similar results during the extinction retention tests.

252 models provide a quantitative evaluation of extinction risk assessments for species, allow for ident

253 p was found across all vertebrates such that extinction risk changes around a body mass breakpoint of

254 onservation of Nature Red List categories of extinction risk for 19,432 vertebrate species worldwide.

255 populations (n = 10 per population) along an extinction risk gradient.

256 Challenging the paradigm of increased extinction risk in small populations, we suggest that ra

257 Extinction risk in vertebrates has been linked to large

258 Bd to invade an amphibian population and the extinction risk of that population, Bd-induced extinctio

259 forecasted to impose unprecedented levels of extinction risk on many more species worldwide, especial

260 A review of the drivers of extinction risk revealed that the heaviest vertebrates a

261 species, with shearwaters having the highest extinction risk under current mortality rates.

262 l capacity, and consequently, are already at extinction risk under projected acceleration of OA over

263 tionship was found between TL and population extinction risk, with shorter telomeres in populations f

264 htest and heaviest vertebrates have elevated extinction risk.

265 utside of protected areas, further elevating extinction risk.

266 ds considered, CM leads to unacceptably high extinction risks and, as a result, to lower genetic dive

267 undance declines may pose unexpectedly large extinction risks to harvested species.

268 unreinforced lever presses during shortened extinction sessions decreased lever pressing during thes

269 of alcohol-seeking behavior across multiple extinction sessions, an effect that persisted for 3 week

270 four 45-min or immediately after four 30min extinction sessions, had similar results during the exti

271 Environmental change across the extinction severely affected Devonian reef-builders, bes

272 More precisely, plasmonic extinction spectra and near-field enhancement are descri

273 Yoked extinction subjects showed an increase in conditioned re

274 Following extinction, subjects received injections of saline or MB

275 Post-extinction survival faunas are invariably low diversity,

276 Following the end-Permian extinction, terrestrial vertebrate diversity recovered b

277 ats were euthanized one day after the second extinction test and the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dors

278 lymorphic bird species are at lesser risk of extinction than nonpolymorphic ones, after controlling f

279 land surface are not only driving species to extinction, they pose serious threats to human health an

280 situation calls for realistic efforts of de-extinction through selective breeding without genetic en

281 Borago GLA-rich species are under threat of extinction, thus revealing the importance of the preserv

282 d salt also lowered between-site variance in extinction timelines, especially when combined with vect

283 KO mice exhibited impairment in fear memory extinction to tone presentation.

284 test statistical methods of evaluating mass extinctions to account for the incompleteness of the fos

285 apine-N-oxide (CNO) in conjunction with fear extinction training (a form of aversive conditioning) an

286 ed memory processes suggests that protracted extinction training following brief cue-elicited memory

287 ne stimulus and administered either standard extinction training or retrieval + extinction.

288 The fossil record, which contains multiple extinctions triggered by multistressor global change, is

289 ng Sumatran tigers still face a high risk of extinction unless deforestation can be controlled.

290 Rescuing impaired fear extinction via dietary zinc restriction was associated w

291 ole of miRNAs in the rescue of impaired fear extinction was assessed using the 129S1/SvlmJ (S1) mouse

292 covers when tested outside the context where extinction was learned.

293 telomeres in populations facing high risk of extinction when compared to non-threatened ones.

294 reinforcement learning, learned effects show extinction when reinforcement is discontinued.

295 that even active organisms can suffer major extinction when the intensity of environmental disruptio

296 by blocking reconsolidation or facilitating extinction, which are mediated by NMDA receptors (NMDArs

297 Most of these extinctions will occur over an extended time, and theref

298 bust immune responses that can lead to viral extinction with a single spacer targeting an essential p

299 event the shock through an action, and yoked extinction, with shock presentation matched to the activ

300 from 45,000 to 43,100 years ago, placing the extinctions within 4,000 years of human dispersal across