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1 lycosylated at five asparagines in the first extracellular loop.
2 the principal contact point with the CNIH-3 extracellular loop.
3 g primarily with glutamate 175 in the second extracellular loop.
4 transmembrane region and 5 A for the second extracellular loop.
5 interaction involves predominantly the beta1 extracellular loop.
6 integrins with traceable tags inserted in an extracellular loop.
7 receptor residue Trp(297) within the second extracellular loop.
8 position 6 probe was localized to the first extracellular loop.
9 terminants of OCLN were mapped to its second extracellular loop.
10 volving residues on H6 and within the second extracellular loop.
11 unction of transmembrane domain V and second extracellular loop.
12 e of the receptor, and further stabilized by extracellular loops.
13 ng site located between the second and third extracellular loops.
14 and an extended binding pocket close to the extracellular loops.
15 r and inducing structural alterations in the extracellular loops.
16 to two mutations in different putative XPR1 extracellular loops.
17 ry cysteine scanning of intracellular versus extracellular loops.
18 R1 involves both amino-terminal residues and extracellular loops.
19 gle membrane-spanning domain and without any extracellular loops.
20 n to interact with binding partners in these extracellular loops.
21 y a horizontal binding pocket near the GPR55 extracellular loops.
22 beta-barrel wall with residues in one of the extracellular loops.
23 nt features of the ligand binding pocket and extracellular loops.
24 encompassed the entire cork domain and four extracellular loops.
25 ularly in regions corresponding to predicted extracellular loops.
26 has four transmembrane domains and two large extracellular loops.
27 tope of the receptor that includes all three extracellular loops.
28 ons serve to stabilize key substrate-binding extracellular loops.
29 ing to the eIF4F complex with its two middle extracellular loops.
30 and indicates that rearrangement of the ECD/extracellular loop 1 (ECL1) interface is a critical step
31 ional changes in transmembrane segment 2 and extracellular loop 1 (EL1), which amplify the divergence
32 nal gate, the lumen of LptD channel, and the extracellular loop 1 and 4, providing the first direct e
34 esidues in the human MC4R--such as Leu106 of extracellular loop 1, and Asp122, Ile125, and Asp126 of
35 act cells, reporter cysteines were placed in extracellular loops 1 (A80C, N half) and 4 (R741C, C hal
36 r disulfide bridges and aromatic residues in extracellular loop 2 (ECL-2) for ligand binding and acti
37 way A, the D192-K305 salt bridge between the extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) and the apex of the transmem
38 e (TM) bundle, prior studies have implicated extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) as having a significant role
39 eport that N-linked glycosylation of PAR1 at extracellular loop 2 (ECL2) controls G12/13 versus Gq co
40 cellular side of transmembrane 3 (TM3), TM4, extracellular loop 2 (ECL2), and ECL3 to be involved in
41 e between transmembrane segment 3 (TMS3) and extracellular loop 2 (ECL2), as playing a role in odoran
43 ing kinetics may be due to a "lid" formed by extracellular loop 2 (EL2) at the entrance to the bindin
45 pon flexibility in the C-terminal segment of extracellular loop 2 and that mutations or ligand bindin
46 this, we identified key residues within both extracellular loop 2 and the transmembrane domain region
47 e to a similar salt bridge found between the extracellular loop 2 and TM7 in beta2AR reported recentl
48 g receptor structure, a beta-hairpin fold in extracellular loop 2 in conjunction with two extracellul
49 for the position of NLX and of the receptor extracellular loop 2 in relation to the DOR binding pock
50 lphide bridge in GPCRs between helix III and extracellular loop 2 is not observed and appears to be d
51 f CPE in complex with a peptide derived from extracellular loop 2 of a modified, CPE-binding Claudin-
54 d by mutating as few as four residues in the extracellular loop 2 region of glycine receptors (GlyRs)
57 r-138/Phe-139), and the transition of TM3 to extracellular loop 2, ECL2 (Thr-141/Ile-142) and ECL2 (A
68 nce of antibodies against the N terminus and extracellular loops 2/3 of CXCR4 confirm that the ubiqui
69 erminal receptor domain, whereas blockade of extracellular loops 2/3 prevents receptor binding and ac
70 residues after the conserved Cys residue in extracellular loop 2b (ECL2b) associated with selective
71 the propensity for the C-terminal segment of extracellular loop 2b to form an extended alpha-helix wa
73 brane helix 6 (TMH6) and TMH7 at the base of extracellular loop 3 (ECL3) is sufficient to allosterica
76 we demonstrate that transmembrane helix VI, extracellular loop 3 and the HD play a central role in t
77 seesaw movement of helix VII and a shift of extracellular loop 3 are likely specific to A(2A)AR and
78 Glu mutation at position 406 (L406E) in the extracellular loop 4 (EL4) of human SERT, which induced
79 were introduced at positions 359 and 448 of extracellular loop 4 and transmembrane helix 10, respect
80 n the bacterial homologue LeuT suggests that extracellular loop 4 closes the extracellular solvent pa
84 extracellular vestibule, interposed between extracellular loops 4 and 6 and transmembrane helices 1,
89 rate, which harbors mutations in a conserved extracellular loop, accumulates on BamD during assembly,
90 allowed the first high resolution mapping of extracellular loop amino acids critical for NMO-IgG bind
91 ) epitope tag was introduced into the second extracellular loop and GFP was attached to the carboxyl
92 ith N-terminal residues (binding site-I) and extracellular loop and helical residues (binding site-II
93 ty of the channel, which is supported by the extracellular loop and involves two arginines (R68 and R
94 ) cotransporter NBCe1-A, EL-3 is the largest extracellular loop and is predicted to consist of 82 ami
95 or we found that E172 and E175 in the second extracellular loop and N419 in the third extracellular l
96 rface alters the configuration of the second extracellular loop and partially dissociates a spin-labe
97 study identifies subunit interactions in the extracellular loop and shows that dynamic changes of the
98 s comprise cylindrical beta-sheets with long extracellular loops and create pores to allow passage of
99 charged amino acids in the first and second extracellular loops and found that mutating Glu-361 in t
100 sis of a number of potential partners in the extracellular loops and outer parts of the transmembrane
102 genesis approach to identify residues in the extracellular loops and transmembrane segments of hERG1
103 egree of conformational rearrangement in the extracellular loop, and desensitization was faster from
104 omprises the first 45 amino acids, the third extracellular loop, and seventh transmembrane domain.
105 ted against the CCR5 amino terminus (NT) and extracellular loops, and CCR5 point mutants revealed tha
106 ond extracellular loop and N419 in the third extracellular loop are involved in allosteric binding of
108 me-scale dynamics measurements show that the extracellular loops are disordered and unstructured.
110 ng in the second phase, leaving the flexible extracellular loops as the likely site of unfolding.
111 in, is composed of three immunoglobulin-like extracellular loops as well as a cytoplasmic tail contai
112 receptor residue Tyr(205), within the first extracellular loop, as the site of labeling by the posit
113 es) are predicted in an environment of other extracellular loops being fully flexible and the transme
114 -spanning domains one and two and the second extracellular loop between membrane-spanning domains thr
115 an immunoprecipitation method, we found that extracellular loops between the first and second transme
116 gments of TRPP2 and TRPP3 associate with the extracellular loops between the sixth and seventh transm
119 E702 and E705 are predicted to be in an extracellular loop, but antigenic epitopes introduced in
121 ivity to neutralizing antibody or CD81 large extracellular loop (CD81-LEL) inhibition, entry factor u
122 ted to contain a highly conserved additional extracellular loop compared to the remaining strains and
123 hat an ambient-exposed region comprising the extracellular loop connecting TM4-TM5 and ambient-proxim
124 of exon 29 coding for 19 amino acids in the extracellular loop connecting transmembrane domains IVS3
125 these peptides often bind to hyper-variable extracellular loops, creating the potential for subtype
126 ions of our findings on the functions of the extracellular loop cysteines in SR-BI and compare our re
127 ain-of-function Stg carrying mutation in its extracellular loop, demonstrating that both the extracel
129 AR synaptic transmission relies on the first extracellular loop domain and its carboxyl-terminus.
134 and PPADS was conferred by the nature of the extracellular loop (e.g. nanomolar for NF449 at P2X1 and
135 barrier is formed by a segment of the first extracellular loop (E1) (the parahelix) and appears to b
136 D2, and that a binding region on the second extracellular loop (E2) may play a role in both enantios
137 ted by specific mutations in the CD151 large extracellular loop (EC2 domain) or in intracellular CD15
138 we identified the second half of the second extracellular loop (EC2) and specific amino acids within
139 arated pairs of helices, capped by the large extracellular loop (EC2) at the outer membrane leaflet.
140 tors contain a cysteine residue in the third extracellular loop (EC3) and a complementary cysteine re
141 duced into the conserved motif in the second extracellular loop (ECII) of EP3, resulting in acquisiti
142 op model by showing that the putative fourth extracellular loop (ECL 4) is intracellular and may cont
144 alanine-scanning mutagenesis, a key role for extracellular loop (ECL) 2 of the receptor in propagatin
145 ating cysteines in every position along each extracellular loop (ECL) and adjacent parts of transmemb
146 L11 depends on the ACKR3 N terminus and some extracellular loop (ECL) positions for primary binding,
147 ridge between transmembrane (TM) helix 3 and extracellular loop (ECL)-2, chemokine receptors (CCR) co
148 tudy first provided evidence that the second extracellular loop (ECL-2) of claudins is specifically i
149 eric receptors was created by exchanging the extracellular loops (ECL) of human NHE1 (huNHE1) and chN
152 actions with residues Tyr-179, in the second extracellular loop (ECL2) and Trp-400(7.35) in transmemb
153 in transmembrane helix (TM) 2 and the second extracellular loop (ECL2) discriminated between the diff
154 the importance of its N terminus and second extracellular loop (ECL2) in binding gp120 and mediating
157 ngens enterotoxin (cCPE) binds to the second extracellular loop (ECL2) of a subset of claudins, e.g.
159 ined the effects of low pH and of the second extracellular loop (ECL2) of CD81, one of the four entry
160 nine-scanning mutagenesis of the A1AR second extracellular loop (ECL2) with radioligand binding and f
161 2 (TMII), Tyr-179 and Phe-182 in the second extracellular loop (ECL2), and Glu-397(7.32) and Trp-400
162 accurately restore the extremely long second extracellular loop (ECL2), which is also key for GPCR li
164 o acid residues located within the predicted extracellular loop (ECL3 and ECL4) sequences of Xpr1 are
166 reestablishing an interaction with the CXCR4 extracellular loops (ECLs) and rendering it highly susce
167 between the open inward-facing (NBDs apart, extracellular loops (ECLs) close together) and the close
170 or receptors have also been described [e.g., extracellular loop (EL) 3 in the A(2A) adenosine recepto
172 hodopsin triggers displacement of the second extracellular loop (EL2) and motion of transmembrane hel
176 ancers bind to a pocket formed by the second extracellular loop, flanked by residues S150 and M162.
179 r membrane protein A (OmpA), a molecule with extracellular loops has been shown to contribute to the
180 studies suggest that the stalk and the first extracellular loop have critical roles in modulating pep
181 eas the small molecule compound 43 activated extracellular loop I with downstream signaling dependent
182 loid A non-genomic responses were reliant on extracellular loops I and II, whereas the small molecule
184 cells) to identify the N-terminal region and extracellular loop II as the FPR2/ALX domain required fo
186 e sixth transmembrane helix and the adjacent extracellular loop in the pore region of mouse TRPV3.
187 caution against excluding the N terminus and extracellular loops in structural studies of this 7 tran
188 ial role of these functionally underexplored extracellular loops in the assembly and function of the
189 al role of arginine(172), located in the 2nd extracellular loop, in the action of decanoic acid but n
191 the C165-E166-S167-F168 motif at the second extracellular loop is critical for GPR81 function, and t
192 correct position of the cap relative to the extracellular loops is also required for optimal photoch
196 Protein fragments corresponding to the large extracellular loop (LEL) of each TSP were produced in re
197 Their rod-shaped structure includes a large extracellular loop (LEL) that plays a pivotal role in te
198 wer affinity for LqhII, indicating that this extracellular loop may form a secondary component of the
199 etion mutant (DeltagraS strain), a nonameric extracellular loop mutant (DeltaEL strain), and four res
200 teral frontoparietal polymicrogyria-inducing extracellular loop mutations (R565W and L640R) in the co
201 Hence, the C-terminal part of the first extracellular loop not only determines VRAC inactivation
202 green fluorescent protein is inserted in an extracellular loop of a voltage-sensing domain, renderin
204 cterize conformational changes in the second extracellular loop of BtuB upon ligand binding and compa
207 rst structural characterization of the large extracellular loop of CD81, expressed in mammalian cells
209 e findings demonstrate the importance of the extracellular loop of CD98 in the innate host defense re
210 icts an amino acid substitution in the first extracellular loop of choline transporter-like protein 2
211 t E1E2 complexes can interact with the first extracellular loop of Claudin-1, whereas soluble E2 did
213 Chimeragenesis demonstrates that the first extracellular loop of Cx36 contains a Mg(2+)-sensitive d
214 C by binding to glycosylated residues in the extracellular loop of ENaC-alpha, as well as to a hither
215 his interaction was likely through the large extracellular loop of FtsX(Spn) and the amino terminal c
218 e residues experimentally introduced into an extracellular loop of hERG1a and hERG1b subunits and pro
220 cific interaction, LptE contacts a predicted extracellular loop of LptD through the lumen of the beta
221 that this loop makes contact with the first extracellular loop of MC1R through a series of key hydro
222 Introduction of the HA tag into the second extracellular loop of mouse DAT did not perturb its expr
223 resent study, 21 amino acids in TM11 and the extracellular loop of NaDC1 were mutated one at a time t
224 causes significant structural changes in the extracellular loop of p22(phox) and reduces its interact
228 Autoantibodies directed against the second extracellular loop of the cardiac beta1-adrenergic recep
229 resulting p.Glu391Lys variation in the last extracellular loop of the equilibrative nucleoside trans
231 s simultaneously at defined positions in the extracellular loop of the human P2X1 receptor during not
232 lso demonstrate that lysine 523 in the third extracellular loop of the M(3) receptors forms a hydroge
233 ve glycosylation sites situated in the large extracellular loop of the protein have been identified;
234 e ECD involves an interaction with the third extracellular loop of the receptor and suggest that gluc
235 n 2 probe labeled a residue within the first extracellular loop of the receptor, a region not previou
236 We detected a T352P mutation in the third extracellular loop of the voltage-gated potassium channe
237 pan14 constructs demonstrated that the large extracellular loop of Tspan14 mediated its co-immunoprec
239 binding both stabilizes and repositions key extracellular loops of BtuB, optimizing interactions wit
240 onstructed knock-in mice in which the second extracellular loops of CD81 and OCLN were replaced with
243 ll crystallographically available intra- and extracellular loops of four G-protein-coupled receptors
244 eal that disease-associated mutations to the extracellular loops of G1 differentially alter receptor
246 Concomitant sequence-based analysis of the extracellular loops of Na(v)s suggests that alpha-toxins
247 me, the roles played by different regions of extracellular loops of OmpA of E. coli K1 in the pathoge
248 he first time the different contributions of extracellular loops of OmpA to the pathogenesis of E. co
251 ral analysis in a membrane revealed that all extracellular loops of rhomboid make stabilizing interac
254 racellular domain of CaValpha2delta1 and the extracellular loops of the CaValpha1 protein in repeats
255 mprehensive mutational analysis of the three extracellular loops of the M23 isoform of human AQP4 usi
258 against chimeric channels, we identified the extracellular loops of the TRPA1 S1-S4 gating domain as
259 s that negatively charged amino acids in the extracellular loops of TRPML3 may interfere with the obs
261 rs is the presence of highly conserved, long extracellular loops or domains (ECDs) with unknown funct
263 The amino terminus of S1P(1), but not any extracellular loop, prevented anti-S1P(1) Ab suppression
265 eptide (E-pore peptide) corresponding to the extracellular loop region connecting the S5 and S6 segme
266 , was site-selectively incorporated into the extracellular loop regions (ECLs) of GCGR and GLP-1R, tw
268 an additional unique segment in the CNIH-2/3 extracellular loop required for both physical interactio
272 Based upon the conserved transmembrane and extracellular loop segments, our focus was on identifyin
273 als an unusually complex arrangement of long extracellular loops stabilized by four disulphide bonds.
274 identified seven novel residues in the first extracellular loop that are critical for entry of HCV is
276 69 sterically blocks movements of the second extracellular loop that have been linked to receptor act
277 drogen bond with glutamate 219 of the second extracellular loop that hinders methoctramine binding to
278 ents initially identified a site in the long extracellular loop that stretches between helices 3 and
279 ) and M(3) receptors in the second and third extracellular loops that are involved in the binding of
280 he separate engineering of each of the seven extracellular loops that control access to the pore.
281 ing of ferredoxin occurs through specialized extracellular loops that form extensive interactions wit
282 beta-barrel outer membrane protein with four extracellular loops that mediates cell binding and resis
284 Following the deletion of each of the four extracellular loops that potentially interact with host
285 rs, but it has substantial rearrangements in extracellular loop three and the extracellular tip of tr
286 demonstrate that Y. pestis Ail uses multiple extracellular loops to interact with substrates importan
287 at the oligosaccharides of LPS stabilize the extracellular loops to some degree, apparently obviating
288 f the substrate, which ultimately becomes an extracellular loop, to the lumen of the forming beta-bar
291 containing a hemagglutinin tag in the second extracellular loop, we developed an assay to detect tran
292 pore-lining amino acid residues in the first extracellular loop were mutated to cysteine and screened
293 which three or four amino acids from various extracellular loops were changed to alanines, and we exa
294 The resulting ensemble revealed that the extracellular loops, which bind host receptors, occupy c
295 ors is intertwined by three intra- and three extracellular loops, whose local conformations are impor
296 omains that constitute the pore, and a large extracellular loop with defined domains termed the finge
297 than were donors to replacement of the CCR5 extracellular loops with corresponding regions of CCR2b,
298 four times and has one intracellular and two extracellular loops with the amino and carboxyl termini
299 ved N-linked glycosylation site in the first extracellular loop, with complex glycosylation in COS-7
300 ion of beta-barrel proteins is burial of the extracellular loops within the forming beta-barrel.
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