ライフサイエンスコーパス: eyeblink

1 n and performance of classically conditioned eyeblinks.

2 uring acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblinks.

3 tervals, which do not support acquisition of eyeblinks.

4 e acquisition and maintenance of conditioned eyeblinks.

5 found between KO and WT mice in spontaneous eyeblink activity, auditory brainstem response (ABR) amp

6 e emergence of the conditioned response (CR; eyeblink after CS presentation and before US presentatio

7 ypothesized that the frequency and timing of eyeblinks also depends on the social signals contained i

8 me conditioned and unconditioned stimuli for eyeblink and fear conditioning.

9 ubjects and served as indices of conditioned eyeblink and fear responses, respectively.

10 e amplitude of evoked reflex and conditioned eyeblinks and in the percentage of CRs.

11 ircuits that control associative learning of eyeblinks and other defensive reflexes in mammals.

12 crucial role in the classically conditioned eyeblink circuit.

13 within the IO, which affects the rest of the eyeblink circuits in a nonspecific manner.

14 ermining possible sites of plasticity within eyeblink circuits is the reversible inactivation of circ

15 tivation did not affect other known parts of eyeblink circuits, such as the cerebellar interposed nuc

16 and in the excitability of extra-cerebellar eyeblink circuits.

17 (5 g/kg/day or more) impairs acquisition of eyeblink classical conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-depe

18 Acquisition and retention of eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC) was examined in 3

19 cerebellum are critically involved in trace eyeblink classical conditioning (EBCC).

20 im was to compare cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink classical conditioning and hippocampus-dependen

21 The authors examined 400 ms delay eyeblink classical conditioning in 20 participants with

22 this question, we used a neural correlate of eyeblink classical conditioning in an isolated brainstem

23 neural circuitry supporting delay and trace eyeblink classical conditioning in humans and laboratory

24 The role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink classical conditioning remains unclear.

25 ned the role of tTLL in an in vitro model of eyeblink classical conditioning using an isolated brains

26 out mice were also defective in learning the eyeblink classical conditioning.

27 containing AMPARs using an in vitro model of eyeblink classical conditioning.

28 Cerebellar cortical contributions to eyeblink conditioned excitation have been examined exten

29 cerning the role of the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioned inhibition.

30 Discrimination of the eyeblink conditioned response (CR) between conditioned s

31 Retention of the eyeblink conditioned response (CR) during both tests was

32 Eyeblink conditioned response (CR) timing was assessed i

33 or long-term retention of the standard delay eyeblink conditioned response (CR).

34 ges in neuronal activity correlated with the eyeblink conditioned response were evident in the cerebe

35 SHRs exhibited faster acquisition of eyeblink conditioned responses (CRs) and displayed misti

36 al somatosensory cortex and to support trace-eyeblink conditioned responses when paired with corneal

37 Eyeblink-conditioned responses established with pontine

38 Recent studies of delay eyeblink conditioning (EBC) in young rats have demonstra

39 Trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is a forebrain-dependent ass

40 Trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) is an associative learning t

41 Eyeblink conditioning (EBC) was used in the current stud

42 d trimester, also show deficits in classical eyeblink conditioning (EBC), a cerebellar-dependent asso

43 causes SCA6-like symptoms, i.e., deficits in eyeblink conditioning (EBC), ataxia, and PC degeneration

44 nucleus during acquisition and retention of eyeblink conditioning (Experiment 2).

45 r the learning of a tactile variant of trace eyeblink conditioning (TTEBC) and undergoes distinct map

46 Eyeblink conditioning abnormalities have been reported i

47 se findings contribute to evidence of robust eyeblink conditioning abnormalities in schizophrenia and

48 ess a severe learning deficit in associative eyeblink conditioning after a stressful life event, but

49 tched healthy controls by means of classical eyeblink conditioning and blink reflex recovery cycle be

50 well as the eyeblink CR, is acquired during eyeblink conditioning and influences the development of

51 bellar cortex in normal acquisition of delay eyeblink conditioning and MWM and raise questions about

52 With stimulus conditions that produce eyeblink conditioning and research designs that produce

53 The former has been implicated in eyeblink conditioning and the latter in vestibular contr

54 tial cerebellar brain circuits for Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning appeared relatively complete by 20

55 rebellar nuclei and the cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioning are not well understood.

56 for the interpositus nucleus to learn delay eyeblink conditioning as the ISI departs from an optimal

57 rhinal cortex plays a role in discriminative eyeblink conditioning by resolving ambiguity in discrimi

58 e neural correlates of human delay and trace eyeblink conditioning by using functional MRI.

59 been debate about whether differential delay eyeblink conditioning can be acquired without awareness

60 prenatal or perinatal physiological insults, eyeblink conditioning can provide a well-studied method

61 Eyeblink conditioning emerges ontogenetically between po

62 Eyeblink conditioning entails a variety of paradigms tha

63 Each eyeblink conditioning experiment was immediately followe

64 Eyeblink conditioning has been hypothesized to engage tw

65 Trace eyeblink conditioning has been shown to enhance the surv

66 Eyeblink conditioning has been used for decades a model

67 e the survival of new neurons, whereas delay eyeblink conditioning has no such effect.

68 l cerebellar cortex and deep nuclei to delay eyeblink conditioning have been debated and are difficul

69 llum and impairments in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning have been observed in ADHD, prompt

70 llum and impairments in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning have been observed in attention-de

71 investigation into whether SHRs also exhibit eyeblink conditioning impairments.

72 e removal of the medial septum retards delay eyeblink conditioning in a manner similar to the disrupt

73 In this study, we demonstrate that pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in adult mice can induce robust ax

74 ng study to compare directly trace and delay eyeblink conditioning in an animal model.

75 Partial reinforcement retarded eyeblink conditioning in both the trace and delay paradi

76 male rats, whereas the same stressor impairs eyeblink conditioning in female rats.

77 facilitation in males and the retardation of eyeblink conditioning in females.

78 ioned eyelid and fear responses during delay eyeblink conditioning in freely moving rats.

79 Our results pave the way for using eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice as a platform f

80 We have developed a novel apparatus for eyeblink conditioning in head-fixed mice.

81 erebellar nuclei simultaneously during delay eyeblink conditioning in humans.

82 an acute stressful event enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, but severely impairs

83 e to an acute stressful event enhances trace eyeblink conditioning in male rats, even when rats begin

84 Acute stress exposure enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, whereas exposure to

85 Acute inescapable stress enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, whereas the same str

86 y over multiple days of cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in mice, that granule cell populat

87 climbing fibers during cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in mice.

88 The present study examined trace eyeblink conditioning in order to test the hypothesis th

89 with the conditioning response in classical eyeblink conditioning in patients.

90 rts the development of procedures to conduct eyeblink conditioning in preweanling lambs and demonstra

91 nt were studied on Pavlovian delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

92 the acquisition and performance of classical eyeblink conditioning in rabbits using a delay paradigm.

93 wo hallmark features of cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning in rabbits: (1) gradual acquisitio

94 to show that the developmental emergence of eyeblink conditioning in rats is associated with the mat

95 ed eyelid responses bilaterally during delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

96 merge ontogenetically in parallel with delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

97 factor contributing to the ontogeny of delay eyeblink conditioning in rats.

98 retin, significantly enhances acquisition of eyeblink conditioning in rats.

99 relates of cross-modal transfer of pavlovian eyeblink conditioning in rats.

100 Eyeblink conditioning in restrained rabbits has served a

101 strain, Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, to compare eyeblink conditioning in strains that are exclusively hy

102 In addition, classical eyeblink conditioning in transgenic mice and control lit

103 ngs with a 200-ms trace interval resulted in eyeblink conditioning in younger animals than previously

104 plasticity mechanisms may also contribute to eyeblink conditioning including LTP, excitability, and e

105 of the sensory input pathways necessary for eyeblink conditioning indicate that the cerebellum regul

106 Trace eyeblink conditioning is a Pavlovian conditioning task t

107 Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning is a useful model system for study

108 Rabbit eyeblink conditioning is a well characterized model of a

109 In mice, the role of the cerebellum in eyeblink conditioning is less clear and remains controve

110 standard model of the mechanisms underlying eyeblink conditioning is that there two synaptic plastic

111 Cerebellar learning during eyeblink conditioning is therefore a dynamic interactive

112 The temporal gap in trace eyeblink conditioning may be bridged by forebrain region

113 yeblink CR to equal levels, suggest that rat eyeblink conditioning may provide a useful behavioral mo

114 IO) is considered a crucial component of the eyeblink conditioning network.

115 (1 s, 500 ms, 250 ms) selected for classical eyeblink conditioning of behaving rabbits.

116 that the hippocampus is active during trace eyeblink conditioning or is differentially responsive to

117 terns in the region during blocks of a trace eyeblink conditioning paradigm performed in two environm

118 gus cuniculus), whose performance in a delay eyeblink conditioning paradigm was compared with that of

119 sker stimulation as a CS in the well studied eyeblink conditioning paradigm will facilitate character

120 Adult male rats were trained using the trace eyeblink conditioning paradigm, an associative learning

121 nisms are being systematically examined with eyeblink conditioning paradigms in nonprimate mammalian

122 onditional discrimination in trace and delay eyeblink conditioning paradigms was investigated.

123 A standard delay eyeblink conditioning procedure with four different inte

124 These methods will permit application of eyeblink conditioning procedures in the analysis of func

125 present study utilized previously determined eyeblink conditioning procedures that effectively decoup

126 the entire cerebellum simultaneously during eyeblink conditioning sessions.

127 spinach-enriched lab chow diet learned delay eyeblink conditioning significantly faster than old anim

128 We used a long-delay eyeblink conditioning task in which a tone conditioned s

129 strain, Wistar, were trained on a long-delay eyeblink conditioning task in which a tone conditioned s

130 hat learning the hippocampus-dependent trace eyeblink conditioning task induces enhanced inhibition o

131 week later with paired stimuli using a trace eyeblink conditioning task or exposed to the same number

132 locations was probed using a place-dependent eyeblink conditioning task.

133 ociated temporal lobe regions play a role in eyeblink conditioning that becomes essential in more com

134 e responsive to shock from an early age, but eyeblink conditioning to a tone-conditioned stimulus (co

135 ously from multiple tetrodes during auditory eyeblink conditioning to examine the relative timing of

136 (fMRI) in parallel with both delay and trace eyeblink conditioning to image the learning-related func

137 dy examined the role of cerebellar cortex in eyeblink conditioning under conditioned stimulus?uncondi

138 Eyeblink conditioning using a conditioned stimulus (CS)

139 f RN and pararubral neurons during classical eyeblink conditioning using a delay paradigm.

140 terpositus nucleus was lesioned bilaterally, eyeblink conditioning was completely prevented.

141 e of the perirhinal cortex in discriminative eyeblink conditioning was examined by means of feature-p

142 The amygdalar involvement in eyeblink conditioning was examined further by applying t

143 -ms CS, 500-ms trace interval, 1,250-ms ISI) eyeblink conditioning was examined in 5-month-old human

144 lus (CS) pathway that is necessary for delay eyeblink conditioning was investigated with induced lesi

145 rkinje cell degeneration, and standard delay eyeblink conditioning was performed in the conditional k

146 ecific effects, the acquisition of classical eyeblink conditioning was potentiated or depressed by th

147 In this study, classical eyeblink conditioning was used as a marker of cerebellar

148 hanisms underlying excitatory and inhibitory eyeblink conditioning were compared using muscimol inact

149 of both cerebellar cortex and AIP nucleus in eyeblink conditioning were seen.

150 correlates of latent inhibition (LI) during eyeblink conditioning were studied in 2 experiments.

151 Delay and trace eyeblink conditioning were tested in separate experiment

152 ats as young as 12 days old show associative eyeblink conditioning when pontine stimulation is used i

153 ncies is not required for differential delay eyeblink conditioning when simple conditioned stimuli ar

154 rebellum is involved in both delay and trace eyeblink conditioning whereas the hippocampus is critica

155 , all rats underwent 10 days of 350 ms delay eyeblink conditioning with a tone conditioned stimulus (

156 llowed by twenty 100-trial sessions of delay eyeblink conditioning with a tone CS and then five sessi

157 aminergic projections and retarded Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning with low-salient conditional stimu

158 ellum in establishing cross modal savings in eyeblink conditioning with rats.

159 In Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, a conditioned stimulus (CS) must

160 we provide evidence that the development of eyeblink conditioning, a form of associative learning th

161 vivo: VGF and the IEGs increased after trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampal-dependent learning

162 nces, we trained freely moving rats in trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampally dependent task in

163 We trained adult rabbits in trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampus-dependent nonspatia

164 roles of the cerebellar cortex and nuclei in eyeblink conditioning, a novel mouse model with Purkinje

165 Eyeblink conditioning, a type of associative motor learn

166 the acquisition rate of cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning, a type of associative motor learn

167 ve, which is a component of the circuitry of eyeblink conditioning, and is also essential for motor p

168 lts suggest that, even during a simple delay eyeblink conditioning, animals learn about different asp

169 ssful experiences include classical fear and eyeblink conditioning, as well as processes related to l

170 ppocampus plays a critical role during trace eyeblink conditioning, but there is no evidence to date

171 s, Pavlovian fear conditioning and Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, by describing studies using mutan

172 In eyeblink conditioning, for instance, a subject learns to

173 ly and remotely acquired memory in rat trace eyeblink conditioning, in which a stimulus-free interval

174 verely impaired acquisition and retention of eyeblink conditioning, indicating that the amygdala cont

175 Trace eyeblink conditioning, like other hippocampus-dependent

176 We have shown that, in cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning, male WKHAs emit eyeblink CRs with

177 BLA, respectively) was recorded during delay eyeblink conditioning, Pavlovian fear conditioning, and

178 and rabbits has been shown to support trace eyeblink conditioning, presumably by providing an input

179 , breast feeding, poison-avoidance learning, eyeblink conditioning, sexual conditioning, fear conditi

180 The tasks included: trace eyeblink conditioning, spontaneous alternation in the Y

181 In Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning, the conditioned response (CR) is

182 Like eyeblink conditioning, the DH is necessary for trace fea

183 Using rats trained in trace eyeblink conditioning, we examined how these two measure

184 the LEC had no effect on retrieval in delay eyeblink conditioning, where two stimuli were presented

185 stressful event did not exhibit facilitated eyeblink conditioning, whereas those infused with the ve

186 occur robustly in both eyelids of rats given eyeblink conditioning, which is similar to previous find

187 t, the BLA exhibited minimal activity during eyeblink conditioning, while demonstrating pronounced in

188 ained with a temporal learning task of trace eyeblink conditioning, while the other half were not tra

189 ge differences in cerebellum-dependent delay eyeblink conditioning, with 24-month mice showing impair

190 We find that in patDp/+ mice delay eyeblink conditioning--a form of cerebellum-dependent mo

191 s (IpN) neurons over the course of Pavlovian eyeblink conditioning.

192 t been systematically demonstrated in rodent eyeblink conditioning.

193 rebellar learning was investigated using rat eyeblink conditioning.

194 ulus input to the cerebellum during auditory eyeblink conditioning.

195 T) and CaMKIV KO mice were tested with delay eyeblink conditioning.

196 neurons have been shown ex vivo, after trace eyeblink conditioning.

197 bit a parallel pattern of timing deficits in eyeblink conditioning.

198 rtex (MC) and its possible role in classical eyeblink conditioning.

199 role in establishing cross modal savings of eyeblink conditioning.

200 hereas the hippocampus is critical for trace eyeblink conditioning.

201 in hippocampal neurons after learning trace eyeblink conditioning.

202 cy auditory CS pathway that is necessary for eyeblink conditioning.

203 s delay and half were tested in 500-ms trace eyeblink conditioning.

204 role, if any, of cerebellar cortex in trace eyeblink conditioning.

205 d reinforcement value, within the context of eyeblink conditioning.

206 ulus (CS-US) time intervals during classical eyeblink conditioning.

207 exhibited equivalent levels of differential eyeblink conditioning.

208 learning-specific cerebellar plasticity and eyeblink conditioning.

209 ff that served as the instructive signal for eyeblink conditioning.

210 ns of the medial septum significantly retard eyeblink conditioning.

211 sal paradigm was examined in human classical eyeblink conditioning.

212 in rat pups while they were trained on trace eyeblink conditioning.

213 memory retention for whisker-signaled trace eyeblink conditioning.

214 tructive stimuli during cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning.

215 sis on old arguments and new perspectives on eyeblink conditioning.

216 ntation of temporal information in classical eyeblink conditioning.

217 ultaneous feature-negative discrimination in eyeblink conditioning.

218 ural substrates for standard delay classical eyeblink conditioning.

219 underlie behavioral cross-modal transfer in eyeblink conditioning.

220 ex for its role in forebrain-dependent trace eyeblink conditioning.

221 mals were trained 24 hr later with classical eyeblink conditioning.

222 d following performance on a place-dependent eyeblink-conditioning task.

223 a potent inhibitor of reflex and conditioned eyeblinks, controlling the release of newly acquired eye

224 cations of this apparent bilaterality of the eyeblink CR are discussed.

225 ifferentially favored the development of the eyeblink CR or the CER, prior to a shift of the US to th

226 However, in the trace eyeblink CR procedure, the hippocampus is also necessary

227 Ontogenetic changes in eyeblink CR timing may be related to developmental chang

228 etention, despite initial acquisition of the eyeblink CR to equal levels, suggest that rat eyeblink c

229 fter initial acquisition, the memory for the eyeblink CR was not expressed in either test.

230 ned emotional response (CER), as well as the eyeblink CR, is acquired during eyeblink conditioning an

231 ion, and in long-term retention of the trace eyeblink CR, using muscimol infusion to reversibly inact

232 t that different aspects of the memories for eyeblink CRs are encoded in the cerebellar cortex and th

233 However, reinstatement of extinguished eyeblink CRs has never been demonstrated, and spontaneou

234 ed, and spontaneous recovery of extinguished eyeblink CRs has not been systematically demonstrated in

235 pends largely on the specific development of eyeblink CRs rather than the CER.

236 ndent eyeblink conditioning, male WKHAs emit eyeblink CRs with shortened onset latencies.

237 covery but not reinstatement of extinguished eyeblink CRs.

238 Rabbits were given concurrent training in eyeblink (EB) and jaw movement (JM) conditioning in whic

239 yctolagus cuniculus) were trained on a trace eyeblink (EB) conditioning task to a criterion of 10 con

240 Rabbits were trained on trace eyeblink (EB) conditioning until they reached a criterio

241 Pavlovian eyeblink (EB) conditioning was studied in both trace and

242 The conditioned eyeblink (EB) response was studied with trace conditioni

243 associative learning paradigms, and recorded eyeblink electromyographs as the measure of behavioral r

244 Eyeblink electromyography in normal adults was recorded

245 ct gaze of the stimulus monkeys, also showed eyeblink entrainment, a temporal coordination of blinkin

246 facilitated the expression of unconditioned eyeblinks evoked by trigeminal stimulation.

247 letely blocked the expression of conditional eyeblink facilitation and significantly attenuated the e

248 Discriminant analysis found eyeblink facilitation to be comparable to freezing in pr

249 C or pons manipulations for studies of trace eyeblink in each species are discussed.

250 cits in cerebellar-dependent delay classical eyeblink learning and reduces the proinflammatory cytoki

251 We monitored the eyeblinks of four male adult macaques while they watched

252 e acoustic startle probes were presented and eyeblinks (orbicularis occuli) recorded.

253 bnormalities in the mechanics of the startle eyeblink per se.

254 entify specific neurons that are part of the eyeblink premotor pathway, a retrograde transsynaptic tr

255 These results identify a complete eyeblink premotor pathway, deep cerebellar interconnecti

256 we report that a simple behavioral measure, eyeblink rate, reveals novel and crucial links between n

257 iative and non-associative components of the eyeblink reflex, and that behavioral effects of blocking

258 otor learning, classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex, depends on the cerebellum and interconn

259 timing during classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex.

260 the short-latency (Rl) component of the rat eyeblink reflex.

261 ical consequence of subchronic THC intake on eyeblink reflexes, a fundamental neuronal adaptive respo

262 The conditioned eyeblink response (CR) in rabbits is lateralized to the

263 frequency and topography of the conditioned eyeblink response (CR) were impaired in EtOH rats relati

264 Following conditioning, the unconditioned eyeblink response (UR) was analyzed in subsets of rats f

265 essential for classical conditioning of the eyeblink response and other discrete motor responses (e.

266 Both sexes learned to emit the conditioned eyeblink response during the trace interval.

267 Retention of the classically conditioned eyeblink response in rats was tested with a conditioned

268 Classical conditioning of the eyeblink response is a form of motor learning that is co

269 ing to adapt the timing of their conditioned eyeblink response to a 150- or 350-ms change in the timi

270 ver a 70-dBA noise background as well as the eyeblink response to startling 115-dBA pulses in 15 schi

271 romyographic (EMG) measures were made of the eyeblink response to stimuli 2-16 dB over a 70-dBA noise

272 ocking and latent inhibition (LI) of the rat eyeblink response were examined in the present study.

273 In delay classical conditioning of the eyeblink response, the cerebellum is necessary for acqui

274 minished emotional modulation of the startle eyeblink response.

275 Acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs) in the rabbit critically depend

276 n the acquisition of classically conditioned eyeblink responses (CRs).

277 reduced baseline acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses and normal blink reflex recovery cycl

278 Some rat pups showed conditioned eyeblink responses as early as P12, and by P18, conditio

279 significantly reduced number of conditioned eyeblink responses before alcohol administration compare

280 between the groups in terms of the number of eyeblink responses elicited by the tone.

281 Classical conditioning of eyeblink responses has been one of the most important mo

282 clei during early acquisition of conditioned eyeblink responses in 20 healthy human subjects.

283 ontroversies whether learning of conditioned eyeblink responses primarily takes place within the cere

284 sensory stimulation in the untrained rabbit, eyeblink responses were generated.

285 r learned motor responses (e.g., conditioned eyeblink responses) are stored.

286 rs the acquisition and timing of conditioned eyeblink responses, but with repeated training adults wi

287 were binaurally presented to elicit startle eyeblink responses, measured from electrodes over the or

288 or disconnection alone generated significant eyeblink responses.

289 rns that highly correlated with and preceded eyeblink responses.

290 ic neurons responsible for the generation of eyeblink responses.

291 The present study examined the eyeblink startle responses to acoustic stimuli of 59 hea

292 ative emotion has been shown to affect human eyeblink startle responses, but whether these results de

293 , which trigger adaptively timed conditioned eyeblinks, suppress the unconditional stimulus (US) sign

294 s form of associative learning in the rabbit eyeblink system requires extra-cerebellar learning and/o

295 rabbits were trained to acquire conditioned eyeblinks to a mild vibrissal airpuff as the conditioned

296 s examined on a moment-by-moment basis as in eyeblink trace conditioning studies.

297 using RNase protection assay analysis in the eyeblink-trained animals and in a group of young control

298 a (TNFalpha) and TNFbeta in the cerebelli of eyeblink-trained animals.

299 Rats were killed 3 weeks after eyeblink training.

300 Acquisition of whisker-trace-eyeblink (WTEB) conditioning, a forebrain-dependent trac