ライフサイエンスコーパス: farm

1 groups dependent on whether they lived on a farm.

2 bpopulations commonly housed on this type of farm.

3 omprised of one organic and one conventional farm.

4 d to 42% in layers), was observed in broiler farms.

5 vian influenza viruses in commercial poultry farms.

6 on system under field conditions in Egyptian farms.

7 urrounding farms or non-crop habitats within farms.

8 corresponded with increased yields on these farms.

9 ited to around 1.5 W m(-2) within large wind farms.

10 eproductives than colonies placed at control farms.

11 cale dairy manure irrigation events at three farms.

12 d livestock movement in transmission between farms.

13 lthead seabream from four Mediterranean fish farms.

14 harbor resistant E. coli strains than layer farms.

15 ficantly different between broiler and layer farms.

16 ma risk, particularly in children exposed to farming.

17 both organisms, similar to that achieved via farming.

18 ple and causing significant losses in animal farming.

19 e observed between both species and types of farming.

20 ion between lung cancer and cattle and horse farming.

21 and six OTUs were positively associated with farming.

22 mental component of the advent and spread of farming.

23 adenocarcinomas, but not with poultry or pig farming.

24 environmental influence before the advent of farming.

25 rth Africa, and central America, medium-size farms (20-50 ha) also contribute substantially to the pr

26 Attine ants evolved farming 55-60 My before humans.

27 on from Mesolithic hunting-gathering to late farming, a period spanning 11,000 years.

28 r blaNDM and mcr-1 in hatcheries, commercial farms, a slaughterhouse and supermarkets revealed consid

29 d admixture during the migration that spread farming across Europe during the early Neolithic.

30 uction, storage, and transportation), and on-farm activities (e.g. fertilization and machinery operat

31 n was seen for having a mother who performed farm activities while pregnant (odds ratio, 0.60; 95% CI

32 y-life farm exposures, particularly maternal farming activities while pregnant, were strongly associa

33 845 clinical samples collected from 448 pig farms affected by respiratory distress located in the Po

34 nally at 4.5 and 6 years in 111 children (56 farm and 55 reference children) from the PASTURE/EFRAIM

35 evels correlated positively with living on a farm and increased peripheral blood forkhead box protein

36 throat and 68 nasal samples from school-age farm and nonfarm children were analyzed by 454-pyroseque

37 emia virus (ISAV), spreads easily throughout farmed and wild salmonids, constituting a significant ec

38 ors for Sensitization in Children Related to Farming and Anthroposophic Lifestyle (PARSIFAL) study (n

39 issues related to limited-input small-holder farming and climate stress.

40 where a recent wave of introductions for pig-farming and game-hunting has led to high wild boar popul

41 Both organic farming and higher in-field plant diversity enhanced art

42 as related to closing yield gaps in organic farming and in low-resourced systems typical of much of

43 Overall, both organic farming and in-field plant diversification exerted the s

44 we assessed the relationship between animal farming and lung cancer by investigating the types of an

45 pectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) modulated by farming and managerial practices.

46 enotypic occurrence of ESBLs as modulated by farming and managerial practices.

47 l survey results indicated demand among both farming and nonfarming populations for the environmental

48 Organic farming and plant diversification are farm management sc

49 ataset, we quantified the effects of organic farming and plant diversification on abundance, local di

50 Our results suggest that organic farming and plant diversification promote diverse arthro

51 at a rate of 1.2% with as much as 57% of all farms and 77% of all agricultural animals co-occurring w

52 rbanisation due to growing distances between farms and consumers.

53 causes significant economic losses in shrimp farms and hatcheries and poses a threat to food-security

54 iation in pollutant emissions from livestock farms and lung function in a general, nonfarming, rural

55 d and common lambsquarters in mixed-cropping farms and monoculture fields in New York and Hawaii, USA

56 Runoff from farms and output from wastewater treatment plants also c

57 PCB-containing materials in animal husbandry farms and shows that the diffuse contamination of soils

58 dies in a variety of environments, including farms and urban communities, suggest that diverse exposu

59 Run-off from farms and wastewater treatment plant overflows contribut

60 0 m of the home, (2) distance to the nearest farm, and (3) modeled annual average fine dust emissions

61 rise coincided with both the introduction of farming, and a dramatic population increase.

62 ausing substantial economic losses in shrimp farming, and Enterospora canceri, a pathogen that lives

63 rly-life exposures including early childhood farm animal contact and raw milk consumption.

64 astrophic effects of infectious outbreaks in farmed animals.

65 All farms applied year-round pasture grazing.

66 eg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is the most farmed aquaculture species worldwide with global product

67 In contrast, the aquaculture industry was farming aquatic animals at CO2 levels that far exceed en

68 tosterone production and semen parameters in farmed Arctic foxes by dietary exposure to persistent or

69 fourfold (>400%) increase in suitable coffee farming area.

70 integrated pest management, IPM) and organic farming, as means to increase the accumulation of chemop

71 Mutant worms that cannot farm bacteria benefit from farming by other worms in dir

72 Farming-based economies appear relatively late in Northe

73 manure is increasing in the United States as farms become larger and economies of scale make manure i

74 The farming behavior can therefore be exploited if it is ass

75 n GB, highlighting the importance of between-farm biosecurity in preventing widespread dissemination

76 actice on Biodiversity Management of Organic Farming (BMOF) at Hongyi Organic Farm (HOF) over eight y

77 developed an integrated within- and between-farm bTB transmission model utilizing data from Uruguay'

78 t cost-effective way for controlling between-farm bTB transmission, while targeted surveillance aimed

79 of the most fundamental components of early farming, but direct evidence of their use in early culin

80 For example, there is evidence that dairy farming by humans favored alleles for adult lactose tole

81 ary to promote more environmentally friendly farming by identifying situations where ecosystem servic

82 worms that cannot farm bacteria benefit from farming by other worms in direct proportion to the fract

83 stem by using data on the infection state of farms by paratuberculosis.

84 t moves infectious planting material between farms can, for vertically-transmitted plant diseases, ac

85 children not exposed to farming, whereas in farm children Moraxella colonization was unrelated to as

86 pronounced and reliably directional when the farming class is limited to dairying populations.

87 uscle, data on pig urine, a non-invasive, on-farm collectable matrix, are lacking.

88 ost connectivity since Neolithic times, when farming communities expanded and forest burning was used

89 g a sample associated with an early European farming community.

90 ctors for human MERS-CoV seropositivity at a farm complex in Qatar.

91 We built between-farm contact networks using data on cattle exchange (dir

92 Additionally, 3 out of 5 farms contained IAV isolates (n = 5) with gene segments

93 rate of electricity generation in large wind farms containing multiple wind arrays is, therefore, con

94 between continents was large enough to make FARM contribute to the variability in PTOT at that scale

95 In these regions, large farms contribute between 75% and 100% of all cereal, liv

96 agricultural sector is dairy and beef cattle farming contributing about $11 billion to the Russian ec

97 ine is robust across both field-trial and on-farm data.

98 Here, we demonstrate that fish farm-derived organic wastes can be readily detected at t

99 18:1(n-9) are potential biomarkers for fish farm-derived organic wastes.

100 tential role of indirect contacts in between-farm disease spread and underlined the need for a deeper

101 e GHG emissions were calculated based on pre-farm (e.g. agrochemical production, storage, and transpo

102 tical time window of the 'asthma-protective' farm effect via Tregs during childhood immune maturation

103 ce increased at both scales, and richness on farms embedded in complex relative to simple landscapes.

104 RATIONALE: Livestock farm emissions may not only affect respiratory health of

105 Childhood exposure to a farm environment has been shown to protect against the d

106 o the protective effects associated with the farm environment.

107 Exposure to the farming environment in utero and in early childhood had

108 (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in farm environments can potentially foster the development

109 associated with exposure to poultry flocks, farm environments, or contaminated food.

110 among the most criticized aspects of modern farming, especially as it relates to genetically enginee

111 st and west Eurasia as well as the Neolithic farming expansion into Europe.

112 Sixteen plot experiments and ten on-farm experiments were conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Jia

113 y could be explained by BIOG, while BIOG and FARM explained 38% and 63% of PILAB spatial variability,

114 al diversity and composition were related to farm exposure and asthma status.

115 gs at the age of 6 years were decreased with farm exposure and increased within asthmatics, opposite

116 Farm exposure protects against development of allergies

117 Farm exposure was positively associated with bacterial d

118 samples was restricted to a high gradient of farm exposure, that is, exposure to cows and straw vs no

119 Detailed questionnaires assessing farm exposures and clinical phenotypes from birth until

120 In a large US farming population, early-life farm exposures, particularly maternal farming activities

121 t to examine associations between early-life farming exposures and current asthma and atopy in an old

122 t that protective associations of early-life farming exposures on atopy endure across the life course

123 mostly from Europe, suggest that early-life farming exposures protect against childhood asthma and a

124 Current asthma and early-life farming exposures were assessed via questionnaires.

125 oebozoans that infect marine animals such as farmed fish and sea urchins.

126 Combined, the fillets of farmed fish contained 2-3 times more eicosapentaenoic ac

127 Tilapia are an important group of farmed fish that serve as a significant protein source w

128 common blaNDM-positive E. coli shared among farms, flies, dogs and farmers, providing direct evidenc

129 ing a high or low fish content in 20 Italian farms, focusing on two northern Italian regions (Friuli

130 rogenic acid and rutin were found in organic farming for certain cultivars.

131 his study, we studied 5 swine farrow-to-wean farms for a year and characterized the genetic diversity

132 gitudinal study, we sampled 5 farrow-to-wean farms for a year and collected 4,190 individual nasal sw

133 T283 is a zoonotic GBS clone associated with farmed freshwater fish, capable of causing severe diseas

134 Eighteen poultry farms from Punjab were surveyed, and 1,556 Escherichia c

135 The visceral peptidase from farmed giant catfish could be an alternative protease fo

136 The peptidase from the viscera of farmed giant catfish was used for producing gelatin hydr

137 onsistent with softer diets in preindustrial farming groups and are most pronounced and reliably dire

138 ocess can be traced back to the dispersal of farming groups into the interior of the Balkans in the e

139 ee-year period (2013-2015) was obtained from farms grown under Unilever's sustainable agricultural co

140 0.41, 0.89; P for trend < 0.01) and to horse farming (>/=20 years: hazard ratio = 0.64, 95% confidenc

141 Large farms (>50 ha) dominate production in North America, Sou

142 The Ruens and Free State farms had the lowest (p 0.05) delta(15)N values, followe

143 The occupation of farming has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (R

144 At the global level, both small and large farms have key roles in food and nutrition security.

145 of Organic Farming (BMOF) at Hongyi Organic Farm (HOF) over eight years and between BMOF and CF.

146 nd understanding diversity among smallholder farm households in sub-Saharan Africa is key for the des

147 e-Bangla Agriculture University horticulture farm in Dhaka (Bangladesh).

148 the China Agricultural University and Qixing Farm in Northeast China.

149 The transition from hunting and gathering to farming in Europe was brought upon by arrival of new peo

150 s in earthen-ponds rainbow trout aquaculture farming in Germany were investigated with a special focu

151 Here, we examine the performance of organic farming in light of four key sustainability metrics: pro

152 al samples, the association of richness with farming in nasal samples was restricted to a high gradie

153 entiated hunter-gatherer populations adopted farming in southwestern Asia, that components of pre-Neo

154 . coli isolates obtained from feedlot cattle farms in multiple states in the U.S.

155 We report on two farms in Switzerland heavily contaminated by polychlorin

156 16 using ORF5 sequences collected from swine farms in the Midwest region.

157 ed in 68 milk samples collected from buffalo farms in the territory known as the "Land of Fires" in t

158 se, allowed in both organic and conventional farming, in close proximity to residential areas, may ad

159 enough to render them unsuitable for coffee farming, in the absence of significant interventions or

160 or concern in the Mixed Crop-Livestock (MCL) farms, in which livestock and vegetables grown closely i

161 The co-occurrence of wild pigs and farms increased annually at a rate of 1.2% with as much

162 nsidered the most effective route of between-farm infectious disease transmission.

163 mes: one observed in or around the centre of farming innovation and involving a boost in carrying cap

164 The Malawian Farm Input Subsidy Programme (FISP) has received praise

165 The transition from hunting and gathering to farming involved profound cultural and technological cha

166 number of secondary infections per infected farm is greater than one for vector dispersal, but below

167 dministration and their excessive use in pig farming is depicted.

168 at around 90% of transmission of BTV between farms is a result of vector dispersal, while for SBV thi

169 nability as a technical problem that, at the farm level, is to be solved by better shrimp and managem

170 mine rapidly the contamination source at the farm level.

171 tices such as intercropping, crop rotations, farm-level diversification and reduced agrochemical use.

172 in vegetables and grain crops collected from farms located near two coal-fired power plants.

173 Very small farms (</=2 ha) are important and have local significanc

174 By contrast, small farms (</=20 ha) produce more than 75% of most food comm

175 Globally, small and medium farms (</=50 ha) produce 51-77% of nearly all commoditie

176 We conclude that farm management factors should be prioritized for future

177 ve influence of environmental conditions and farm management factors.

178 Appropriate farm management practices should be adopted to improve t

179 What remains unclear is the extent to which farm management schemes affect biodiversity components o

180 rganic farming and plant diversification are farm management schemes that may mitigate potential ecol

181 ile targeted surveillance aimed at high-risk farms may be more efficient for this purpose.

182 t antimicrobials in Indian broiler and layer farms may contribute to the emergence of resistance and

183 Milk from buffaloes raised on rural farms might be a good indicator of environmental contami

184 Children living on farms might not be susceptible to the disadvantageous ef

185 High vs low farm-milk and animal-stable exposure was associated with

186 At 4.5 years, protection against asthma by farm-milk exposure was partially mediated by regulatory

187 The shift towards lower-input farming most plausibly developed gradually at a househol

188 in a potential infection spread in the dairy farm network of the Province of Parma (Northern Italy).

189 Farming occupation (aOR 1.89, 95% CI 1.07-3.35, p=0.028)

190 cument the dissipation and dissemination off farm of ARGs under Finnish limited antibiotic use and su

191 accounting for sex, breed, season, year and farm of origin.

192 also estimated the relative contribution of farms of different sizes to the production of different

193 The effect of organic farming on l-ascorbic acid was dependent on cultivar and

194 ing saliva swabs) of at least 10 animals per farm or daily air sampling (housed cattle), both of whic

195 Intervention households that had farmed or had used or stored pesticide in the preceding

196 n management of natural habitats surrounding farms or non-crop habitats within farms.

197 f different IAVs within swine farrow-to-wean farms over time, demonstrating that pig subpopulation dy

198 In a large US farming population, early-life farm exposures, particula

199 The finding was replicated in a farming population.

200 urrent asthma and atopy in an older adult US farming population.

201 neonicotinoid thiacloprid as part of normal farming practice.

202 able, have yet to be integrated into routine farming practice.

203 at the conversion to agriculture (BIOG) and farming practices (FARM) were the main drivers of the sp

204 esistance profiles associated with different farming practices and facility types.

205 In particular, the heterogeneity of farming practices between continents was large enough to

206 This is particularly true for the spread of farming practices in Neolithic Europe.

207 oincided with changes in the environment and farming practices that caused explosions in their host r

208 y data for all the processes involved in the farming, production and transport systems that lead to t

209 nial species on marginal lands not currently farmed provides substantial potential for climate mitiga

210 Coffee farming provides livelihoods for around 15 million farme

211 y observe millions of individual smallholder farms raises possibilities for monitoring and understand

212 supports the hypothesis that the boundary of farming rapidly extended north at 6,000 cal.

213 unctions of land use in Fresno County, a key farming region in California's Central Valley.

214 posure, while cohorts from the remaining two farms remained negative over the grazing season.

215 egy based on eliminating testing in low-risk farms resulted in a 40% reduction in sampling effort wit

216 Observations across five farms reveal that farm size and/or distance away from it

217 blebee colonies placed at the same raspberry farms revealed thiacloprid residues of up to 771 ppb in

218 disease (PKD) is a major threat to wild and farmed salmonid populations because of its lethal effect

219 This review will focus primarily on farmed salmonids (salmon and trout) within a comparative

220 muscle, liver, gills, bone and intestine of farmed seabass and gilthead seabream from four Mediterra

221 over 8,000 tonnes per year from the Chinese farming sector(2).

222 ystems, with causes presently unknown, while farm set was the dominant influence factor on protein co

223 Sampling was conducted on two farms sets, each comprised of one organic and one conven

224 All calves from one farm showed evidence of exposure, while cohorts from the

225 Organic farming significantly increased the levels of caffeic ac

226 s of taxonomic composition from the earliest farming sites in southeast Europe to reconstruct this pi

227 INTERPRETATION: Our results show that farm size and diversity of agricultural production vary

228 Observations across five farms reveal that farm size and/or distance away from it influence the spa

229 ltural and nutrient production diminishes as farm size increases.

230 ize, and also study the associations between farm size, agricultural diversity, and nutrient producti

231 obal agricultural and nutrient production by farm size, and also study the associations between farm

232 sity produce more nutrients, irrespective of farm size.

233 Efforts to maintain production diversity as farm sizes increase seem to be necessary to maintain the

234 diversity index [H]) changes with different farm sizes.

235 and populations (Jordan) who likely lived in farming societies or were pastoral nomads.

236 to 180 days in a forest soil and an organic farm soil.

237 lf-lives of 32.6 and 24.5 days in forest and farm soils, respectively.

238 Within farms, some IAVs were detected only once, while others w

239 unity and yield of co-blooming strawberry on farms spanning a gradient in cover of apple orchards in

240 The global farm-specific data set of 890 observations across 14 cou

241 Between-farm spread of infections through fomites is mostly due

242 ithic population structure were preserved as farming spread into neighboring regions, and that the Za

243 Continuous observation of livestock by farm staff is impractical in a commercial setting to the

244 ody levels in sera of children enrolled in 2 farm studies: the Prevention of Allergy Risk factors for

245 e IAV VG was documented at different levels (farm, subpopulation, and individual pigs), highlighting

246 and welfare, and address issues in livestock farming, such as antimicrobial use.

247 The ambrosia beetle-fungus farming symbiosis is more heterogeneous than previously

248 irect and indirect network structures in the farm system by using data on the infection state of farm

249 ta on veterinarian on-farm visits in a dairy farm system, we built a simple simulation model to asses

250 as crucial for the expansion of the earliest farming system beyond its native bioclimatic zone.

251 tive classification for oranges based on the farming system using their volatile profiles (90 and 100

252 milk composition are not exclusive to either farming system, and pasture feeding conventional cows wi

253 t time that a comparative study dealing with farming systems and orange aroma profile has been perfor

254 g diverse plant and arthropod communities in farming systems therefore requires sustainable practices

255 to address this emerging threat to ruminant farming systems, and associated risks for food security

256 Oligosaccharides differed between farming systems, with causes presently unknown, while fa

257 and is used in both conventional and organic farming systems.

258 differed between milk produced by these two farming systems.

259 ity and adaptation to survival under African farming systems.

260 on of goldenberry samples from two different farming systems.

261 new wave towards the improvements of viable farming techniques.

262 lity to reduce these footprints using select farming technologies, building on previous city-scale UF

263 Vertical farming technology (VFT) with current applications for f

264 S. agnetis is likely more prevalent on dairy farms than S. hyicus Also, some S. agnetis isolates in t

265 found in children growing up on traditional farms, thereby being exposed to a wide spectrum of micro

266 rvival, within the host specific niche, from farm to fork.

267 ifically by assessing the exposure of coffee farming to future climatic shifts.

268 e, and tree diversity across 120 sites on 20 farms to answer three questions.

269 e surveillance to reduce the risk of between-farm transmission.

270 Adjusting for farm type (broiler vs. layer), the odds of resistance (a

271 ons, land occupation, water use, etc.) Urban farming (UF) has been advocated as a means to increase u

272 we project changes in suitability for coffee farming under various climate change scenarios, specific

273 Farms using single fertilizer application methods in gen

274 us, models simulating disease spread between farms usually rely on strong assumptions about the contr

275 However, data on farm visitors are often difficult to obtain because of t

276 on cattle exchange (direct contacts), and on-farm visits by veterinarians (indirect contacts).

277 on the probability to observe consecutive on-farm visits from the same operator that allows overcomin

278 By using data on veterinarian on-farm visits in a dairy farm system, we built a simple si

279 tly due to indirect contacts generated by on-farm visits of personnel that can carry pathogens on the

280 coli colonisation, whereas living next to a farm was associated with mcr-1-negative E coli colonisat

281 Broiler farms were 2.2 [ampicillin (AMP), p=0.017] to 23 [nalidi

282 to agriculture (BIOG) and farming practices (FARM) were the main drivers of the spatial variability i

283 re to F. hepatica, on three commercial dairy farms, were sampled over the course of a grazing season.

284 ied the resistome of Finnish dairy and swine farms where use of antibiotics is limited to treating ba

285 distribution of swine IAVs on farrow-to-wean farms, where novel IAVs can emerge.

286 e genus Moraxella in children not exposed to farming, whereas in farm children Moraxella colonization

287 nitiation of CLS epidemics in mixed-cropping farms, whereas external sources of inoculum may be contr

288 A hot spot was localized in the farm, which corresponded to a pre-feed storage tank, the

289 amic evolution of IAVs within farrow-to-wean farms, which is crucial to improve health interventions

290 iversity of swine IAVs within farrow-to-wean farms, which is where most pigs are born.

291 Raw farmed whitefish was harder, less springy, and lighter i

292 ifestyle of hunting, gathering, fishing, and farming with few cardiovascular risk factors, but high i

293 per m(2)), as yet unachievable in commercial farms with current hybrids due to lodging and diseases,

294 e bloom, pollinator abundance was greater on farms with high apple cover and corresponded with increa

295 a(15)N values, followed by the Northern Cape farms, with Hantam Karoo/Calvinia having the highest del

296 eled annual average fine dust emissions from farms within 500 m and 1,000 m of the home address.

297 atial exposure was assessed as (1) number of farms within 500 m and 1,000 m of the home, (2) distance

298 on was found between the number of livestock farms within a 1,000-m buffer from the home address and

299 nctional brain imaging data from Costa Rican farm workers enrolled in an epidemiological study on the

300 While no commercial-scale deep water wind farms yet exist, our results suggest that such technolog