ライフサイエンスコーパス: farmer

1 ynovitis in the hand of a 58-year-old cattle farmer.

2 crue to the broader community as well as the farmer.

3 n exposure to some pesticides and RA in male farmers.

4 the strong and consistent role of innovative farmers.

5 allergic and non-allergic wheeze among male farmers.

6 ible admixture, between hunter-gatherers and farmers.

7 lation that was the source of Europe's first farmers.

8 ed in pottery vessels of Neolithic Old World farmers.

9 dmixture events between hunter-gatherers and farmers.

10 aptation, particularly for rural subsistence farmers.

11 62 rainforest hunter-gatherers and sedentary farmers.

12 States with dense populations of prehispanic farmers.

13 hat also relates to later European Neolithic farmers.

14 ction through additional restrictions on pig farmers.

15 o the implementation of veterinary advice by farmers.

16 economic losses and threaten livelihoods of farmers.

17 uction is unaffected by the frequency of non-farmers.

18 trates a win-win for biodiversity and coffee farmers.

19 rance as a consequence of selection by early farmers.

20 illion hectares and benefit around 1 million farmers.

21 r significant distances for use by scores of farmers.

22 y in which veterinary advice is delivered to farmers.

23 e digestible commodity for early prehistoric farmers.

24 particularly for small-scale and subsistence farmers.

25 ents that would otherwise have been given to farmers.

26 ies have found lower risks of lung cancer in farmers.

27 o European and Anatolian and Levantine early farmers.

28 ls of genetic admixture among European early farmers.

29 directional differences between foragers and farmers.

30 l and peripheral nerve conduction of Chinese farmers.

31 be focused remotely, a convenience to shrimp farmers.

32 persistence arose in a haplotype present in farmers.

33 ridging knowledge and action gaps for shrimp farmers.

34 reached levels later found in early European farmers.

35 n among nonfarmers (0.42; 0.34-0.46) than in farmers (0.82; 0.54-1.11).

36 was less common (~19%) among Early Neolithic farmers (~5450 BC) and virtually absent in Mesolithic hu

37 ns of prehistoric hunter-gatherers and early farmers (6000-300 B.P.; n = 176).

38 ith little or no genetic input from incoming farmers [7].

39 A total of 72 Thai families, consisting of a farmer, a spouse, and a child, participated in this stud

40 epresentative matched longitudinal data from farmers across rural Mexico.

41 tigating illegal badger killing by livestock farmers across Wales.

42 e on ecosystems and indirect effects through farmers' adaptations are likely to affect ES bundles thr

43 These influences are distinct from the early farmer admixture that transformed the genetic landscape

44 uestration of C when a greater proportion of farmers adopt new agricultural practices.

45 ns and farmers' concerns were addressed, the farmers adopted recommended management practices, thereb

46 cultural scientists living in villages among farmers, advancing participatory innovation and technolo

47 Among 567 farmers aged 37-78 years, 83 (14.6%) self-reported treat

48 articular food supply chains is necessary if farmers, agri-food industries and consumers are to share

49 ing for tropical smallholders and industrial farmers alike.

50 hunter-gatherer-related admixture into early farmers also increased over the course of two millennia.

51 When farmer and non-farmer amoebae are mixed together at various frequencies

52 in terms of contributions to food security, farmer and beekeeper livelihoods, social and cultural va

53 When farmer and non-farmer amoebae are mixed together at vari

54 ethnic origin [Han and non-Han], occupation [farmer and non-farmer], annual household income [< yen10

55 We analyzed data from 1746 farmers and 1555 spouses (mean age, 63) from a case-cont

56 SPT was performed in 116 bakers, 47 farmers and 33 subjects exposed to natural rubber latex

57 a methodology used in the UK for guidance to farmers and agronomists on ways of reducing lodging risk

58 ts can be used as decision support for local farmers and authorities.

59 virus-associated yield losses in cassava for farmers and can additionally enable the exploitation of

60 er reproductive allocation conflicts between farmers and cultivars constrain crop yield, possibly exp

61 , genetic affinities between later Anatolian farmers and fourth to third millennium BC Chalcolithic s

62 ive in Madagascar long before the arrival of farmers and herders and before many Late Holocene faunal

63 on structure and differential growth between farmers and hunter-gatherers are necessary to explain bo

64 tentially benefiting millions of subsistence farmers and livestock.

65 uld they continue, may increase costs for US farmers and may even destabilize crop production over ti

66 d 6.06% in produce products (P < 0.001) from farmers and organic retail markets, but none from conven

67 nefits of biological control that will allow farmers and others to internalize the benefits that ince

68 major component of the diets of prehistoric farmers and pottery-using late hunter-gatherers.

69 c diversity is an indispensable resource for farmers and professional breeders responding to changing

70 ient divergence between the ancestors of the farmers and Pygmies, 90,000 or 150,000 yr ago.

71 ivestock monitoring is anticipated to assist farmers and the agricultural industry to improve animal

72 enetic dissimilarity between early Anatolian farmers and the inhabitants of Ganj Dareh supports a mod

73 esearchers is to construct tools relevant to farmers and their advisers that improve upon their curre

74 apidly with an increase in the percentage of farmers and their defensive symbionts.

75 n rural populations, particularly among male farmers and their families.

76 Farmers and their wives provided information on insectic

77 een Mediterranean and Central European early farmers and those of Greece and Anatolia, extending the

78 pigs, and the potential impact of improving farmers and traders' clinical diagnosis ability-its time

79 g genetic similarity both among Aegean early farmers and with those from across Europe.

80 show that the communication network between farmers' and their perceptions of profit and loss affect

81 efect represents a serious problem for wheat farmers, and apart from the circumstantial evidence that

82 e attainable level to 97.0% among 71 leading farmers, and from 62.8% to 79.6% countywide (93,074 hous

83 Corn is an essential crop for farmers, and is grown on more than 150 million hectares

84 of a similar length to those from Neolithic farmers, and shorter than those of Caucasus and Western

85 eeding goal for early nineteenth century pig farmers, and that Asian variants of genes related to thi

86 Older age groups, females, illiterates, farmers, and those with poor visual acuity were less awa

87 and 13 low-As plots managed by 16 different farmers, and we explore the implications for mitigation.

88 Han and non-Han], occupation [farmer and non-farmer], annual household income [< yen10 000, yen10 000

89 y associated with adherence, whereas being a farmer (AOR = 0.07, 95 % CI: 0.01-0.75, p < 0.028), havi

90 0 years ago, closely related groups of early farmers appeared in Germany, Hungary and Spain, differen

91 rtion of Europeans descending from Neolithic farmers approximately 10 thousand years ago (KYA) or Pal

92 o Europe and from the ancestors of Neolithic farmers approximately 25 kya, around the Last Glacial Ma

93 Associated with the farmer are two strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, only

94 They also agreed (>80%) that if farmers are able to tackle management issues contributin

95 Many Australian commercial wheat farmers are both close to existing production frontiers

96 Given that smallholder farmers are frequently food insecure and rely significan

97 Farmers are members of residence groups at the local sca

98 Shrimp farmers are often cornered in a challenging game of know

99 were: (i) veterinary surgeons believed that farmers are unlikely to actively seek advice on lameness

100 tion between Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and farmers as well as differences between transitional and

101 L1 and STAT6 were hypomethylated in DNA from farmers' as compared to nonfarmers' children, while regi

102 We demonstrate that two clades of farmer-associated Burkholderia isolates colonize D. disc

103 esponses and implicit associations relate to farmers' badger killing behavior reported via RRT.

104 Successful farmers become part of a learning culture through semina

105 xistence between indigenous groups and early farmers before farming communities absorbed the foragers

106 The social networks shrimp farmers belong to are crucial for sifting out misinforma

107 ns may not only affect respiratory health of farmers but also of neighboring residents.

108 nne) is the grass species of choice for most farmers, but lacks resilience against extremes of climat

109 tified the value native predators provide to farmers by consuming coffee's most damaging insect pest,

110 his crop alone, and bats may further benefit farmers by indirectly suppressing pest-associated fungal

111 Alternatively, farmers can change the location where crops are cultivat

112 In contrast, many Chinese farmers can reduce N input without sacrificing productio

113 Farmers can suffer a reproductive cost but also gain ben

114 Here we demonstrate that these farmer-carried Burkholderia inhibit the growth of non-fa

115 proportions of CD27(+) memory B cells among farmers' children and inversely related to proportions o

116 ating BAFF levels were maximal at birth, and farmers' children had higher BAFF levels than nonfarmers

117 provide clear targets to reduce exposure of farmers' children.

118 em in game theory; that is to say, if enough farmers choose to grow Bt maize then because the pest is

119 Farmers chose whether to grow Bt-maize, which is toxic t

120 release was shown to be high, and improving farmers' clinical diagnosis ability does not appear suff

121 The bacteria's host is a "farmer" clone of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoid

122 Farmer clones of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoid

123 sufficient training and technical support to farmers." Cluster analyses, based on participant opinion

124 uce prevalence, but those most acceptable to farmers combine specific information about lactation per

125 us similar economic benefits for smallholder farmers compared with growing Bt G. hirsutum.

126 ter economic benefits for Indian smallholder farmers compared with growing the Asiatic cotton Gossypi

127 tions that have diluted this early Neolithic farmer component, explaining why modern-day Sardinian po

128 When these limitations and farmers' concerns were addressed, the farmers adopted re

129 ximizing long-term cultivar performance: ant farmers could neither increase carbohydrate provisioning

130 D. discoideum clones that could exploit the farmers' crops.

131 occurred because possession of the wealth of farmers--crops, dwellings, and animals--could be unambig

132 rried Burkholderia inhibit the growth of non-farmer D. discoideum clones that could exploit the farme

133 erraces are also created by feedback between farmers' decisions and the ecology of the paddies, which

134 propose an evolutionary game, based on local farmers' decisions that predicts specific power laws in

135 al pathogenesis is therefore of value to the farmer, diagnostician, phytobacteriologist, and taxonomi

136 For example, the majority of farmers did not isolate stock bought onto the farm, but

137 responded to the 2005-2010 interview; 7% of farmers died prior to the interview.

138 ontribution of crop-derived protein to early farmer diets.

139 on a growing body of evidence on smallholder farmers, distributed irrigation systems, and land and wa

140 or and undernourished people are smallholder farmers, diversifying production on these smallholder fa

141 or can it be explained with stress: Although farmers do show more stress before harvest, that does no

142 decision tools because the current basis for farmers' dose decisions is unclear.

143 eed to be considered by sorghum breeders and farmers during sorghum production to produce grain with

144 ould thus have originated among Near Eastern farmers during the African Humid Period.

145 riculture may lead to downstream exposure of farmers' families to pesticide residues inadvertently ta

146 The end users (farmers/farm managers) determined that developing their

147 for large demonstration areas compared with farmers' fertilizer practices (FFP), respectively.

148 ently, 30% of the identified accessions from farmers' fields were matched to specific released variet

149 native method to track released varieties in farmers' fields, using cassava, a clonally propagated ro

150 uth America, exploited commercially by local farmers for the pulp extracted from its fruits.

151 ahead which enables national governments and farmers forecast crop yield to ensure supplies of afford

152 he genomes of a approximately 7,000-year-old farmer from Germany and eight approximately 8,000-year-o

153 maize's metapopulation dynamics may prevent farmers from accessing germplasm suitable to a rapidly c

154 arts of Europe by migrations, first of early farmers from the Near East and then Bronze Age herders f

155 eal the origin and the demographic impact of farmers from the Neolithic period spreading into Europe.

156 We document how the spread of farmers from western Africa involved complete replacemen

157 r-gathering populations present up to 50% of farmer genomic ancestry, and that substantial admixture

158 ing irrigation spend significantly more than farmers growing Bt G. hirsutum without irrigation.

159 ercially released in 2002 and by 2014 95% of farmers had adopted Bt G. hirsutum(1).

160 p relationships and show that early European farmers had approximately 44% ancestry from a 'basal Eur

161 Zimbabwean farmers have the opportunity for significant production

162 the alterations in pesticide use may benefit farmer health in China and globe, which has positive imp

163 tence strategy facilitated the adaptation of farmers-herders to the challenges of global temperature

164 We assessed farmers' homophily, propensity to exchange seeds with me

165 These results for farmers implicate several pesticides that are commonly u

166 he Agricultural Health Study enrolled 52,394 farmers in 1993-1997 and collected additional informatio

167 d evaluated yield potential by surveying 735 farmers in 2008-2012 and then conducting 6 rice field ex

168 In this study, 56 cattle farmers in a 100 km(2) area of north-west England were q

169 Therefore, farmers in a region are often influenced by similar circ

170 mated to have separated from Early Neolithic farmers in Anatolia some 46,000 to 77,000 years ago and

171 e] is a staple food for more than 90 million farmers in arid and semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Afr

172 essential to the food security of many small farmers in Asia and Africa and is a model system for oth

173 Coffee farmers in Central America, in particular, are highly vu

174 If farmers in China could achieve average grain yields equi

175 g provides livelihoods for around 15 million farmers in Ethiopia and generates a quarter of the count

176 ition (particularly stunting) in subsistence farmers in low- and middle-income countries.

177 fferences between transitional and intensive farmers in mandibular variation which is consistent with

178 Farmers in many countries often apply reduced doses, alt

179 ultural Health Study, a prospective study of farmers in North Carolina and Iowa, we evaluated the ass

180 d from the same ancestral gene pool as early farmers in other parts of Europe, suggesting that migrat

181 Cowpea is an important crop for subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, yet its CWR are under-col

182 ecies, and to the livelihoods of subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa.

183 Our interviews with 49 farmers in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso, which pro

184 plex interactions among hunter-gatherers and farmers in the Danube basin, demonstrating that in some

185 he relationship between hunter-gatherers and farmers in the Lower Danube basin, a geographically inte

186 e made during the domestication of barley by farmers in the southern and northern regions of the Leva

187 orms in direct proportion to the fraction of farmers in the worm population.

188 example, have explored including smallholder farmers in their value chains.

189 tan and all Sudan wheat-growing regions) and farmers in these regions will be hit hardest by increasi

190 idence among wives of pesticide applicators (farmers) in the prospective Agricultural Health Study.

191 ice in the developing world that can improve farmer incomes and food security.

192 s in crop suitability affecting impoverished farmers intersect with changes in ranges of restricted-r

193 pproaches, elicitation of variety names from farmer interviews and morphological plant descriptors, h

194 ween cultures after the arrival of the first farmers into Europe.

195 ions between rainforest hunter-gatherers and farmers introduced by the spread of farming were not acc

196 e economic impact of bovine Tuberculosis for farmers is dominated by the costs associated with testin

197 RRT estimated that 10.4% of farmers killed badgers in the 12 months preceding the st

198 nonfarmers and infectiously endow them with farmer-like characteristics, indicating that Burkholderi

199 urry of social studies seems to confirm that farmers maintain considerable diversity.

200 and 66.67% versus 7.76% in conventional and farmers markets (P < 0.001).

201 arms' environment and their products sold in farmers markets and warrants taking necessary measures t

202 rawberry consumption from roadside stands or farmers' markets (matched odds ratio, 19.6; 95% confiden

203 In order to maintain yields, farmers may be forced to change cultivation practices, t

204 We estimated that local farmers may experience severe economic losses of up to 2

205 We investigated how farmers' membership in three major social groups interac

206 This paper empirically analyzes farmer "mental models" of sustainability from three wine

207 are nodes, and links are established when a farmer mentions two concepts in their stated definition

208 of shrimp aquaculture believe they know what farmers need to know and should be doing.

209 ntegrated into technology packages that meet farmers' needs across the great diversity of production

210 and include increase in yields, increase in farmers' net revenue and reduction in pesticide applicat

211 t is neither ancestral to the first European farmers nor has contributed substantially to the ancestr

212 y were more likely to be traders rather than farmers (odds ratio [OR], 6.15; 95% confidence interval

213 and synchronously after the arrival of early farmers of Anatolian origin [1-3], who largely replaced

214 The Estonian first farmers of Corded Ware culture show high similarity in t

215 ta from five hunter-gatherers and five first farmers of Estonia whose remains date to 4,500 to 6,300

216 nce for such differentiation among the first farmers of Neolithic Europe.

217 naffected by Holocene climatic fluctuations, farmers of regions further inland had to apply irrigatio

218 throughout history and remains common among farmers of small landholdings in the tropics.

219 Among the Bantu farmers of sub-Saharan Africa, the ancestral kinship pat

220 lethal crisis of the first Central European farmers of the Early Neolithic Linearbandkeramik Culture

221 nuity between hunter-gatherers and the first farmers of the Neolithic.

222 s of their ancestry from the first Neolithic farmers of western Anatolia and the Aegean, and most of

223 n backyard and small-scale herds, where poor farmers often attempt to limit the disease's economic co

224 l that simulates the decisions of individual farmers on what type of maize to grow.

225 These Australian farmers operate close to eco-efficient frontiers in rega

226 , and 8.38% in chicken meat (P < 0.001) from farmers, organic, and conventional retail markets respec

227 econd, we examined the cognitive function of farmers over the planting cycle.

228 keratitis was significantly associated with farmers (P = 0.0001), daily laborers (P = 0.0001), unemp

229 m that fosters exchange and innovation among farmers, plant breeders, and seed companies.

230 tion in N applications of 55-60% compared to farmers' practice and/or further 20% N saving compared w

231 trol strategies failed to account for forest farmers' prolonged stays at forest farms/fields (61% dur

232 E. coli shared among farms, flies, dogs and farmers, providing direct evidence of carbapenem-resista

233 ollected detailed pesticide use history from farmers recruited in 1998-2000 in France.

234 elect more resistant individuals and to help farmers reduce parasite transmission by identifying and

235 s without yield declines or economic harm to farmers, reducing the potential for pest resistance, non

236 Many farmers rely on regular pesticide applications to avoid

237 zing on the explosion of data emanating from farmers, researchers, and the public, as novel sampling

238 The estimates describe how the farmers respond to altering climate and can be used for

239 Forty-six percent of enrolled farmers responded to the 2005-2010 interview; 7% of farm

240 eople, testing for HIV was more common among farmers (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.67-0.79) and students (0.73,

241 A farmer's decision on whether to control a pest is usuall

242 t, and a chromene that potently enhances the farmer's spore production and depresses a nonfarmer's sp

243 This generated an incentives dilemma for farmers: selecting IPM activities for individual fields

244 Mesolithic whereas all other European early farmers show greater genetic similarity to modern-day Sa

245 a from ancient hunter-gatherers and European farmers showed that the Kalash share genetic drift with

246 We found that the same farmer shows diminished cognitive performance before har

247 s showed that seed exchanges are embedded in farmers' social organization.

248 e compared against simulated grain yields at farmer-specified levels of nitrogen (N) input.

249 Conversely, farmer spore production is unaffected by the frequency o

250 farming symbiosis, certain amoebas (termed "farmers") stably associate with bacterial partners.

251 e began nine thousand years ago when Mexican farmers started to collect the seeds of the wild grass,

252 ers are often not available and small-holder farmers suffer the resultant poor yields.

253 r, but sizeable, contribution from Anatolian farmers, suggesting multiple admixture events between hu

254 We utilize data from smallholder farmer surveys from 12 countries with 30 years of rainfa

255 patial, and province-level census data, with farmer surveys to examine the climatic, demographic, and

256 interventions are directly the reduction of farmers' take-home exposures and indirectly frequent cle

257 Prehispanic rain-fed maize farmers tended to live in agricultural refugia--areas mo

258 trast to central and northern early European farmers, the Chalcolithic El Portalon individuals additi

259 By approximately 6,000-5,000 years ago, farmers throughout much of Europe had more hunter-gather

260 Transfer from the farmer to the child occurs indirectly, primarily through

261 tion of different exposure pathways from the farmer to their children can provide clear targets to re

262 ave been part of the route used by Neolithic farmers to enter Europe.

263 s mainly used for the migration of Neolithic farmers to Europe.

264 d a qualitative risk assessment approach for farmers to evaluate their food safety practices.

265 stems for delivering positive incentives for farmers to forgo deforestation have been designed but no

266 Declining yields could then lead farmers to leave the sector and result in a further loss

267 omplete the social stage, the ability of non-farmers to produce spores falls off rapidly with an incr

268 ingle pulse of unidirectional gene flow from farmers to Pygmies, as previously suggested.

269 Effective control strategies can help farmers to reduce prevalence, but those most acceptable

270 ic developments create strong incentives for farmers to shift from transplanted to direct-seeded rice

271 ze, suggesting a substantial influx of early farmers to the island.

272 y affect transfer of pesticide residues from farmers to their children.

273 demic researchers, industry researchers, and farmers to understand and manage plant-microbiome intera

274 Farmers took two millennia ( approximately 1100 B.C. to

275 In the developed world, farmers use unsustainable levels of inorganic fertiliser

276 . 5900-2400 cal B.C.), which show that early farmers used livestock manure and water management to en

277 enue does not significantly increase because farmers using irrigation spend significantly more than f

278 find that genetic diversity in the earliest farmers was conspicuously low, on a par with European fo

279 e find that mobility among European Holocene farmers was significantly higher than among European hun

280 nesses, outreach weaknesses, IPM weaknesses, farmer weaknesses, pesticide industry interference, and

281 N partial factor productivity (PFPN) of the farmers were 336.7 kg ha(-1), 8131.8 kg ha(-1) and 24.2

282 instructions on FRAMp usage were revised and farmers were given the options to skip and select specif

283 y markers and variety names as elicited from farmers were observed.

284 Pesticides used by farmers were recorded and classified as glyphosate, non-

285 pproaches to address the local challenges of farmers while empowering discovery across industry and a

286 SFTS most commonly affected elderly farmers who acquired infection between May and July in m

287 .3; 15 statistics, five studies] in homes of farmers who applied pesticides more recently or frequent

288 cial importance to decrease the yield gap of farmers who can't -or won't- use nitrogen fertilizer.

289 inoculation of the skin in veterinarians or farmers who have exposure to animal products of concepti

290 We also provide the first evidence that farmers who use neonicotinoid seed coatings reduce the n

291 opulation closely related to Early Neolithic farmers, who had colonized Europe 4000 years earlier.

292 eans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also

293 me-wide ancient DNA from Anatolian Neolithic farmers, whose genetic material we obtained by extractin

294 Farmers' willingness to adopt vaccination will require v

295 conservation of biodiversity by smallholder farmers with agricultural intensification is increasingl

296 undergone sex-specific admixture with early farmers with Anatolian ancestry.

297 asma samples from orchard workers and cotton farmers with long-term exposure to organophosphorus pest

298 rs of crop pests and may provide services to farmers worth billions of U.S. dollars.

299 r group members, a late Pleistocene would-be farmer would have had little incentive to engage in the

300 ing yield gaps (that is, differences between farmers' yields and what are attainable for a given regi