ライフサイエンスコーパス: feather

1 nicum hard tick is entangled in a pennaceous feather.

2 flight and its associated wings with flight feathers.

3 lles (melanosomes) and colour in extant bird feathers.

4 with the evolution and development of flight feathers.

5 sis are exemplified by the mammary gland and feathers.

6 al methods used to detect these compounds in feathers.

7 t these yellow pigments match those found in feathers.

8 e same feather, as well as between different feathers.

9 thes in being composed of multiple layers of feathers.

10 unexpected diversity of "protofeathers" and feathers.

11 and nitrogen isotope ratios in winter grown feathers.

12 cal flight feathers overlain by short covert feathers.

13 igrate to Great Salt Lake each fall to moult feathers.

14 hology not previously observed in any fossil feathers.

15 ibution to our knowledge of the evolution of feathers.

16 wingless int (Wnt3)a in flight but not downy feathers.

17 he endemic tree Psidium galapageium on their feathers.

18 d with melanin pigment in situ within extant feathers.

19 coincident with the evolution of pennaceous feathers.

20 ms the evolutionary developmental pathway of feathers.

21 ures associated with the insertion of flight feathers.

22 that melanosomes can be preserved in fossil feathers.

23 ve yielded varied theropod dinosaurs bearing feathers.

24 ug/g fresh weight; n = 20) than winter-grown feathers (3.19 +/- 1.64 mug/g; n = 19), but Hg in winter

25 entation in fossil integument beyond that of feathers, allowing for the reconstruction of colour over

26 s establish a continuum of asymmetric flight feathers along the wing, while switch-like modulation of

27 Mercury concentrations in feathers also were uncorrelated with mercury concentrati

28 ference time-domain modeling using realistic feather anatomies and experimentally determined refracti

29 elta(13)C, delta(15)N, delta(2)H) in primary feathers and a combined Bayesian assignment and isotopic

30 onsidered exclusive to modern birds, such as feathers and a furcula, are now known to have first appe

31 eir ubiquity both in natural systems such as feathers and adhesive pads and in engineered systems fro

32 ake Ontario by a repeated sampling of breast feathers and blood from recaptured individuals.

33 Further studies with newly grown feathers and blood samples would be required in order to

34 res, including undifferentiated primary wing feathers and broad body contour feather shafts, evolved

35 This paper proposes a review on the PHCs in feathers and factors influencing the pollutant load.

36 Surface appendages such as bristles, feathers and hairs exhibit both long- and short-range or

37 theropod that preserves direct evidence for feathers and helps close the gap between feathers report

38 ations between the concentrations of PHCs in feathers and internal tissues, providing positive expect

39 ts attaches to the follicles of the remigial feathers and maintains the functional integrity of the w

40 e (delta(2) H) values of metabolically inert feathers and metabolically active liver.

41 lationship evolved relative to the origin of feathers and other novel integumentary structures, such

42 ertebrate carcass, by ripping off any fur or feathers and rolling the flesh into a rounded ball.

43 are absent or at very low concentrations in feathers and several tissues of white recessive canaries

44 utter is intrinsic to stiff airfoils such as feathers and thus explains tonal sounds that are common

45 ecies have provided unequivocal evidence for feathers and/or downlike integuments.

46 s ago) and their classic small, lightweight, feathered, and winged body plan was pieced together grad

47 e evaluated mercury concentrations in blood, feathers, and eggs of marsh wrens in wetlands of Great S

48 ften provide well preserved remains of bone, feathers, and eggshell dating from hundreds to thousands

49 implicating Bmps in evolution of beak shape, feathers, and toothlessness, suggest that modulation of

50 , although birds with lower deltaD values in feathers appeared to have greater concentrations of Hg t

51 ligo (SLV), postnatal loss of melanocytes in feathers appears to be due to cell-mediated immunity.

52 Nonlethal sampling of bird blood and feathers are among the more common ways of estimating th

53 Feathers are amongst the most complex epidermal structur

54 Following poultry slaughter, feathers are converted by rendering into feather meal an

55 Penguin feathers are highly modified in form and function, but t

56 haeopteryx, which shows that portions of the feathers are not impressions but are in fact remnant bod

57 Leg feathers are present in many fossil dromaeosaurs, early

58 among theropod dinosaurs is limited because feathers are typically preserved only in lagerstatten li

59 Hair and feathers are unique because (1) their stem cells are con

60 parisons between different parts of the same feather, as well as between different feathers.

61 sition of distinct avian characters, such as feathers, as seen in Archaeopteryx from the Solnhofen li

62 e novel insights into the early evolution of feathers at the sub-cellular level, and unequivocally de

63 s the largest theropod with long, pennaceous feathers attached to the lower hind limbs (that is, 'hin

64 by antibody neutralization resulted in dual feather axes formation.

65 chemotherapeutic agents, whereas the rachis (feather axis) remains unperturbed.

66 eparation in the corresponding region of the feather barb.

67 ysis shows that nanostructure in single bird feather barbs can be varied continuously by controlling

68 tructural organization of the keratin matrix feather barbs of the crown.

69 tion by quasi-ordered nanostructures in bird feather barbs.

70 of occult avian antigens from commonly used feather bedding.

71 aterials, as we illustrate with examples for feathers, beetle tarsi, sprays and microfabricated syste

72 lyzing stable isotope profiles of the birds' feathers, blood, and putative food sources.

73 ockade of cell proliferation was seen in the feather branching area, along with a downregulation of s

74 duces distinct defects in feather formation: feather branching is transiently and reversibly disrupte

75 ic mechanism plays a primary role in hair or feather bud development, we are beginning to discover th

76 irectional cell rearrangements and abolishes feather bud elongation.

77 ceptor impair the epithelial contribution to feather bud morphogenesis, while the dermal contribution

78 inhibiting this transcription factor alters feather bud number and size in a stage-specific manner.

79 pment by the localized molecular reversal of feather bud polarity.

80 rizing activity," localized in the posterior feather bud, is necessary and sufficient to mediate the

81 blishment of the periodic pattern of hair or feather buds in the developing skin.

82 ve the potential to bioaccumulate in poultry feathers but available data are scarce.

83 long arms and broad wings comprised of vaned feathers, but a single specimen (the holotype of Tianyur

84 Neighboring feathers can be aerodynamically coupled and flutter eith

85 Beneath the feathers, carbonized soft tissues offer a glimpse of pre

86 se sounds are produced by air flowing past a feather, causing it to aeroelastically flutter and gener

87 arding feather presence in larger members of feathered clades.

88 of stable isotope analysis (SIA) of seabird feathers collected over a 13-year period, in relation to

89 an finch (Erythrura gouldiae), in which head feather colour is genetically determined by a single sex

90 Parrot feathers contain red, orange, and yellow polyene pigment

91 Discovering plumage carotenoids in fossil feathers could provide insight into the ecology of ancie

92 Lifetime feather cyclic regeneration resets pigment patterns for

93 rrelated with mercury concentrations in down feathers (decreasing by 45% across the range of observed

94 Mean feather delta(2)H and delta(34)S values (+/- SD) decline

95 erived avian characters is the possession of feathers, details of which were remarkably preserved in

96 oncerns about the phylogenetic placement and feather development of DIP-V-15103, the amber-entombed t

97 n proximity to genes known to be involved in feather development or pigmentation: agouti signaling pr

98 receptors and analysed their roles in early feather development.

99 Remarkable feathered dinosaur fossils have blurred the lines betwee

100 bodies, likely indicating cohabitation in a feathered dinosaur nest.

101 In the two decades since the discovery of feathered dinosaurs [1-3], the range of plumage known fr

102 Adaptation of feathered dinosaurs and Mesozoic birds to new ecological

103 e Jurassic bird Archaeopteryx and Cretaceous feathered dinosaurs had the same arrangement.

104 tegument and the plumage of fossil birds and feathered dinosaurs have been of melanin-based coloratio

105 The famous 'feathered dinosaurs' from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoni

106 new family Deinocrotonidae fed on blood from feathered dinosaurs, non-avialan or avialan excluding cr

107 leterious effects of an outbreak of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) were revealed on hatch succ

108 ars and screened for the circovirus Beak and feather disease virus (BFDV).

109 od, a severe outbreak of psittacine beak and feather disease, which is caused by BFDV, occurred in Ec

110 y evolving single-strand DNA virus, beak and feather diseases virus (BFDV), which infects parrots, ex

111 Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius) feathers display periodic variations in the reflected co

112 he hypothesis that oviraptorosaurs used tail-feather displays in courtship behavior previously predic

113 However, a complete understanding of feather distribution among theropod dinosaurs is limited

114 chanisms for diversity in hindlimb scale and feather distribution.

115 nitrogen dioxide, rodents (nonoccupational), feather/down pillows (protective relative to synthetic b

116 The feather DP is enriched in BMP/TGF-beta signaling molecul

117 uctural advantages to the Archaeopteryx wing feather during this early evolutionary stage of dinosaur

118 (delta13C) and nitrogen (delta15N) in blood, feathers, eggshell, and bone have been used in seabird s

119 anges that drive high expression of MuPKS in feather epithelia.

120 Wnt ligands are mainly expressed in the feather epithelium and pulp.

121 dicted by developmentally informed models of feather evolution [4-10].

122 Many feathers exhibit a short, slender rachis with alternatin

123 Feather explants offer a fundamental and testable model

124 The fossil reveals that key feathering features, including undifferentiated primary

125 We found that feathered feet in pigeons result from a partial transfor

126 with the hypothesis that symmetric 'flight' feathers first evolved in dinosaurs for non-aerodynamic

127 hat distinctive bird characteristics such as feathers, flight, endothermic physiology, unique strateg

128 ous virus particles being released only from feather follicle epithelial (FFE) cells in the skin.

129 Staining of feather follicle epithelial cells in the skins of infect

130 ggest that the Wnt signaling in the proximal feather follicle is fine-tuned to accommodate feather re

131 Here we use the feather follicle to investigate details of this damage r

132 rocesses, we profiled gene expression in the feather follicle using an absolute quantification approa

133 h is derived from DP cells and nourishes the feather follicle, and the ramogenic zone epithelium (Erz

134 f genes that mark specific components of the feather follicle: the dermal papillae (DP) which control

135 In developing flight-feather follicles, the barb ridges are organized helical

136 , the new fossil possesses the longest known feathers for any non-avian dinosaur.

137 those chemotherapeutic agents that disrupted feather formation also downregulated Shh gene expression

138 in mice and man, induces distinct defects in feather formation: feather branching is transiently and

139 could only have been done together with our feathered friends.

140 a(15) N, delta(2) H and delta(18) O data for feathers from a population of eared grebes (Podiceps nig

141 he bioaccumulated form of mercury) in museum feathers from an endangered seabird, the black-footed al

142 model, we isolated bacteria associated with feathers from barn swallows Hirundo rustica from three s

143 e layered arrangement may have prevented the feathers from forming a slotted tip or separating to red

144 t al. describe the extraordinarily preserved feathers from two subadults of the oviraptorisaur Simili

145 the juvenile specimen are not a specialized feather generation, but fossilized 'pin feathers' or dev

146 but fossilized 'pin feathers' or developing feather germs.

147 thelial cylinder, which gradually emerges as feathers grow.

148 )C), nitrogen (delta(15)N), and delta(2)H in feathers grown during the winter.

149 We found feathers grown on Lake Winnipeg had greater Hg concentra

150 otherapeutic reagents and irradiation during feather growth.

151 rostructure identical to that of modern bird feathers had evolved as early as the Jurassic.

152 ranes, insect cuticle, vertebrate epidermis, feathers, hair and adhesive structures known as 'setae'

153 Ectodermal appendages such as feathers, hair, mammary glands, salivary glands, and swe

154 Plants and animals use plumes, barbs, tails, feathers, hairs and fins to aid locomotion.

155 Feathers have many advantages that make them an excellen

156 Avian feathers have robust growth and regeneration capability.

157 M. gui's feathered hindwings, although effective for gliding, wou

158 d carrion), analysis of delta(15) N in chick feathers identified a three-guild community structure th

159 The spacing of hair in mammals and feathers in birds is one of the most apparent morphologi

160 c expression of Tbx5 is associated with foot feathers in chickens, suggesting similar molecular pathw

161 provides an opportunity to document pristine feathers in direct association with a putative juvenile

162 appears abruptly, near the origin of pinnate feathers in maniraptoran dinosaurs.

163 Evidence for filaments or feathers in noncoelurosaurian theropods is circumstantia

164 It has generally been assumed that wing feathers in the Jurassic bird Archaeopteryx and Cretaceo

165 We present direct evidence of feathers in Velociraptor mongoliensis based on the prese

166 othermy in association with the evolution of feathered insulation and a small mass.

167 tly, we have proved that cEbf1 expression in feather is regulated by Shh.

168 the dark black-brown color of extant penguin feathers is generated by large, ellipsoidal melanosomes

169 the reflection by the richly colored breast feathers is three-directional and extraordinarily comple

170 reflection by the silvery colored occipital feathers is unidirectional as in a classical multilayer,

171 lexities often present in natural studies of feather isotope values.

172 Feather isotopes from these birds are consistent with th

173 tion distance of each individual by matching feather isotopic values (delta(2)H and delta(13)C) to wi

174 rom previously published studies that report feather isotopic variance, but they were bimodally distr

175 lytic microorganisms through the addition of feather keratin to compost enhanced degradation of PrP(2

176 e studied two groups of ecologically similar feather lice (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera) that differ in t

177 sic ornithischian dinosaur Kulindadromeus as feather-like appendages and alternatively proposes that

178 evidence to conclude that such filaments are feather-like structures.

179 al traits (for example, antlers, horns, tail feathers, mandibles and dewlaps), show that the giant sp

180 However, feathered maniraptoran dinosaurs (including Mesozoic bir

181 those of non-penguin avian taxa and that the feathering may have been predominantly gray and reddish-

182 dividual feathers weak, layering of the wing feathers may have produced a strong airfoil.

183 widespread among the entire dinosaur clade; feathers may thus have been present in the earliest dino

184 We analyzed feather meal (n = 12 samples) for 59 pharmaceuticals and

185 n MacConkey agar was inhibited by sterilized feather meal (p = 0.01) and by the antimicrobial enroflo

186 er, feathers are converted by rendering into feather meal and sold as fertilizer and animal feed, the

187 coli strain was not inhibited by sterilized feather meal or enrofloxacin.

188 st study to detect antimicrobial residues in feather meal.

189 risks posed to consumers by drug residues in feather meal.

190 enrofloxacin (p < 0.0001) at levels found in feather meal.

191 ish dynamic retinoic acid (RA) landscapes in feather mesenchyme, which modulate GREM1 expression and

192 ned a significant independent covariate with feather methylmercury levels among the albatrosses.

193 duced by multiple component mechanisms (e.g. feather microstructure and carotenoid pigmentation), the

194 g wavelength-specific analyses, we show that feather microstructure, while sensitive to annual variat

195 l three receptors are expressed during early feather morphogenesis and dominant negative forms of eac

196 we used the repetitive, periodic pattern of feather morphogenesis on chicken skin as a model.

197 preserved and provides the first evidence of feather morphologies and distribution in a short-armed (

198 However, three-dimensional feather morphology and evolutionary patterns remain diff

199 d N fixation by cyanobacterial associates in feather moss carpets that reside on the forest floor.

200 Understanding the aerodynamic performance of feathered, non-avialan dinosaurs is critical to reconstr

201 It possessed asymmetric flight feathers not only on the manus but also on the pes.

202 We analysed feathers of 12 species of Cinclodes to test the isotopic

203 Using stable-hydrogen isotope ratios in feathers of American redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla) cap

204 The tail feathers of an older, immature specimen (STM22-6) show a

205 ctive tissues in association with the flight feathers of birds.

206 Furthermore, gene-expression data from feathers of different bird species suggest that parrots

207 brometery and high-speed video of individual feathers of different sizes and shapes in a wind tunnel

208 topic (delta(15)N, delta(13)C) evidence from feathers of Glaucous-winged Gulls (Larus glaucescens) ha

209 n is that mercury concentrations in blood or feathers of individuals captured in a given area are cor

210 ntrations and mercury concentrations in down feathers of recently hatched (<3 days) and blood of olde

211 coloration of both the occipital and breast feathers of the bird-of-paradise Lawes' parotia is produ

212 The preserved tail feathers of the juvenile specimen (STM4.1) show a morpho

213 I propose that the feathers of the tail of the juvenile specimen are not a

214 ird species produce diverse sounds with tail feathers of varying shapes.

215 axa had large wings consisting of pennaceous feathers on the arms and long pennaceous feathers on the

216 ing the spatial arrangement of follicles and feathers on the body, and micrometer-scale features of t

217 relatives clearly show well-developed flight feathers on the hind limbs as well as the front limbs.

218 rmed relatives, but potentially lacked vaned feathers on the legs.

219 ous feathers on the arms and long pennaceous feathers on the tail very similar to their smaller and l

220 The contour feathers on the tibia were positioned posteriorly, orien

221 he distribution and morphology of scales and feathers on their feet, yet the genetic and developmenta

222 dinosaurs were at least partially covered in feathers or filamentous protofeathers.

223 s may have been originally absent from these feathers or the pigments may have degraded during burial

224 ized feather generation, but fossilized 'pin feathers' or developing feather germs.

225 g of Microraptor that is concordant with its feather orientation for producing lift and normal therop

226 ent and isotopic threshold model to identify feather origins and the potential winter use of aquacult

227 osed of a layer of long, asymmetrical flight feathers overlain by short covert feathers.

228 Here we show that a continuum of feather patterns, ranging from stripes to spots, can be

229 we study the cellular and molecular basis of feather pigment pattern formation.

230 nt to both the genetic architecture of avian feather pigmentation and the evolutionary history and co

231 The yellow and red feather pigmentation of many bird species [1] plays pivo

232 ogenesis and also suggest that activators of feather placode fate undergo mutual regulation to reach

233 Their brilliant, structurally colored feathers play a principal role in mating displays.

234 isexpressing nuclear beta-catenin randomizes feather polarity.

235 ar beta-catenin zone and leads to randomized feather polarity.

236 ed animals, limiting our knowledge regarding feather presence in larger members of feathered clades.

237 n amber (Miocene to mid-Cretaceous) and in a feather preserved as a compression fossil (Eocene).

238 ught chemical evidence of carotenoids in six feathers preserved in amber (Miocene to mid-Cretaceous)

239 nverting micro-signaling centers into stable feather primordia.

240 growth, and experimental manipulability, the feather provides a rich model to study growth control, r

241 have arisen in non-avian dinosaurs, such as feathers, pulmonary innovations, and parental care and n

242 Only if the primary feather rachises were solid in cross-section (the strong

243 cle: the dermal papillae (DP) which controls feather regeneration and axis formation, the pulp mesenc

244 eather follicle is fine-tuned to accommodate feather regeneration and axis formation.

245 maintenance of DP marker gene expression and feather regeneration, excessive Wnt signaling delays reg

246 of a nonavian theropod clade represented by feathered relatives is a substantial contribution to our

247 d as part of the evolutionary lineage toward feathers remains controversial.

248 for feathers and helps close the gap between feathers reported in coelurosaurian theropods and filame

249 wever, all theropod dinosaurs with preserved feathers reported so far are coelurosaurs.

250 second introgressed region required for red feathers resides within the epidermal differentiation co

251 and bone are tough, and porcupine quills and feathers resist buckling.

252 upper Yuba Fan to the lower Yuba Fan and the Feather River.

253 Furthermore, reexamination of the feather's morphology leads us to interpret it as an uppe

254 ion that mercury concentrations in blood and feather samples from birds captured in a defined area we

255 34)S) isotope values from this same 150-year feather set and found additional isotopic evidence suppo

256 unctional implications: although the slender feather shafts of Archaeopteryx and Anchiornis make indi

257 primary wing feathers and broad body contour feather shafts, evolved early in the penguin lineage.

258 nalling modules introduced new dimensions of feather shape diversification.

259 ter earlier macrostructural modifications of feather shape linked to aquatic flight.

260 Analysis of the rachises of their primary feathers shows that the rachises were much thinner and w

261 ting melanosomes discovered in this isolated feather specimen.

262 aline wetlands during winter - inferred from feather stable isotope values - induces residual effects

263 Throat feather stable isotopes indicated that individuals exhib

264 We examined 48 feather stable-hydrogen (delta(2)H) and -sulfur (delta(3

265 the ramogenic zone epithelium (Erz) where a feather starts to branch.

266 ogenetically diverse database of extant bird feathers, statistical analysis of melanosome morphology

267 Through cyclic regeneration, feather stem cells are molded into different shapes unde

268 s were flapping flyers, they must have had a feather structure that was fundamentally different from

269 thousand to -11 per thousand) values in bird feathers suggested a wide pattern of exposure for highly

270 Here we describe the feathered tail of a non-avialan theropod preserved in mi

271 The lengthy feathered tail of the new fossil provides insight into t

272 gliding between trees, where the horizontal feathered tail offered additional lift and stability and

273 With tail feathers that are nearly 30 cm long, roughly 30% the len

274 These structures are identical to the type 1 feathers that have been reported in some ornithischians,

275 ime-depth recorders and stable isotopes from feathers to determine differences in foraging behaviour

276 melanin preservation in fossils ranging from feathers, to mammals, to amphibians.

277 ng the first concrete examples of follicles, feather tracts and apteria in Cretaceous avialans.

278 nalling confers distinct vane shapes between feather tracts.

279 Similar defects are observed in feathers treated with 5-fluorouracil or taxol but not wi

280 show that the reflection properties of both feather types can be quantitatively explained by finite-

281 was potentiated by rapid diversification of feather vane shapes.

282 at the original colour of this Archaeopteryx feather was black, with 95% probability.

283 eemingly modern propatagial traits hint that feathering was a significant factor in how basal paravia

284 1.64 mug/g; n = 19), but Hg in winter-grown feathers was not related to any specific habitat.

285 A giant penguin with feathers was recovered from the late Eocene (~36 million

286 The nanostructure of penguin feathers was thus modified after earlier macrostructural

287 nd local surface water show that some of the feathers we assumed to have been grown locally must have

288 With reference to a modern feather, we sought chemical evidence of carotenoids in s

289 In post-1940 and -1990 feathers, we detected significantly higher mean methylme

290 Archaeopteryx and Anchiornis make individual feathers weak, layering of the wing feathers may have pr

291 mmers have negative effects due to increased feather wear.

292 immune function-related cytokines in growing feathers were investigated throughout SLV development an

293 nges and variances of isotope values for the feathers were larger than those from previously publishe

294 However, Hg concentrations in bird feathers were not significantly different between years,

295 Mercury concentrations in winter feathers were positively related to predicted spatial pa

296 However, delta(15) N in chick feathers, which reflected trophic (level) specialization

297 y a new study on iridescent bird of paradise feathers, which suggests the potential behavioural impor

298 l birds Archaeopteryx and Confuciusornis had feathered wings resembling those of living birds, but th

299 stic pigeons have striking variation in foot feathering within a single species, providing a tractabl

300 Avian feathers within a single tract extend from dome-shaped p