ライフサイエンスコーパス: fluorine

1 n, from the elemental ratios of nitrogen and fluorine.

2 icularly accessible to the interactions with fluorine.

3 arious aliphatic carboxylic acid groups with fluorine.

4 nown protein inhibitors upon introduction of fluorine.

5 ed a spiro-fused ring system: azoniabenzo[de]fluorine.

6 tudy, a public NSCLC data set that contained fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emiss

7 Purpose To compare fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) combined po

8 cyte-M-CSF (GM-CSF) and its implications for fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) imaging of

9 sessment of tissue-specific insulin-mediated fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) influx rate

10 e the performance characteristics of interim fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron em

11 Computed tomography (CT), fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron em

12 Purpose To assess whether dynamic fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron em

13 onents of glucose metabolism, exemplified by fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron em

14 that positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine 18 ((18)F) fluorthanatrace (FTT) depicts activa

15 d finding that was further investigated with fluorine 18 ((18)F) flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emi

16 identify quantitative imaging biomarkers at fluorine 18 ((18)F) positron emission tomography (PET) f

17 temetamol injection labeled with radioactive fluorine 18 (Vizamyl; GE Healthcare) administration foll

18 he established patterns of hypometabolism on fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission t

19 trinsic contrast of melanin in comparison to fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission t

20 Purpose To assess the diagnostic accuracy of fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission t

21 he correlation between metabolic activity at fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission t

22 It has been reported that fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission t

23 ts suspected of having abdominal or thoracic fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positive lesions un

24 rials and Methods Between 2010 and 2013, 219 fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET examinations were per

25 etail methods for controlling the quality of fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET imaging conditions to

26 ndmark finding relied on the use of clinical fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomogra

27 patients (20.7%) with adequate follow-up had fluorine 18 fluorodeoxyglucose-avid IMLN, with a median

28 temetamol injection labeled with radioactive fluorine 18 positron emission tomography imaging for bra

29 temetamol injection labeled with radioactive fluorine 18 was safe and had high sensitivity and specif

30 Exposures: Imaging with fluorine 18-labeled AV-1451 ([18F]AV-1451) (formerly kno

31 orylated tau pathologic findings measured by fluorine 18-labeled AV-1451 ([18F]AV-1451) positron emis

32 Fluorine 18-labeled fluoromisonidazole ([18F]FMISO), a P

33 Molecules labeled with fluorine-18 ((18)F) are used in positron emission tomogr

34 Among the beta(+)-emitting radionuclides, fluorine-18 ((18)F) is the isotope of choice for PET, an

35 ty were synthesized (4, 5, and 6), and their fluorine-18 analogs were evaluated for use as positron e

36 The fluorine-18 analogue was prepared via nucleophilic subst

37 zinone derivatives labeled with carbon-11 or fluorine-18 as PDE5-specific PET tracers.

38 erapy with both computed tomography (CT) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomogra

39 sthetic group was synthesized to incorporate fluorine-18 for PET imaging.

40 lled modular build-up approach), introducing fluorine-18 in a fast and efficient manner in a building

41 by late-stage radiofluorination, introducing fluorine-18 in the last step of the synthesis, or by a b

42 Fluorine-18 is the most frequently used radioisotope in

43 Fluorine-18 is the most widely used radioisotope for PET

44 overview of the synthesis and application of fluorine-18 labelled building blocks since 2010.

45 lucose homeostasis was studied in mice using fluorine-18 labelled glucose molecular imaging probes an

46 or selection of a synthetic approach for new fluorine-18 labelled PET tracers.

47 (PTC) (e.g. kryptofix 2.2.2) associated with fluorine-18 preparation has been found to be detrimental

48 The new procedures are effective for fluorine-18 radiochemistry and, as proof of concept, hav

49 challenging to synthesize using traditional fluorine-18 radiochemistry.

50 series of candidates, radiolabeled them with fluorine-18 radioisotope, and determined their physicoch

51 ctively targeting the ghrelin receptor using fluorine-18 tagged entities would allow localization and

52 nd successfully radiolabeled with carbon-11, fluorine-18, and gallium-68.

53 Two of them were radiolabeled with fluorine-18, and their biodistribution was investigated

54 1, and glycolytic genes, hk1 and pdk1, lung fluorine-18-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose ligand uptak

55 Existing fluorine-18-labeled amino acid-based radiotracers predom

56 Although inflammation can be measured using fluorine-18-labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission

57 with a positron-emitter, either carbon-11 or fluorine-18.

58 investigate whether the magnitude of in vivo fluorine 19 ((19)F) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sign

59 by using free-breathing dynamic fluorinated (fluorine 19 [(19)F]) gas magnetic resonance (MR) imaging

60 However, ligand-observed fluorine ((19)F) and protein-observed NMR confirms 1 bin

61 arvested at day 2, 7 and 14 for whole-sample fluorine-19 ((19)F) NMR to quantitatively measure the pr

62 no significant effects were observed in the fluorine-19 chemistry when the reaction was heated to 90

63 Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI) probe

64 Fluorine-19 NMR and hyperpolarization form a powerful co

65 using unnatural amino acid incorporation and fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance ((19)F-NMR) spect

66 By using site-specific Fluorine-19 nuclear magnetic resonance experiments guide

67 le, ionic, and precursor fraction, and total fluorine after extraction indicate that mass balance was

68 Fluorine also enables assignment of tautomeric states in

69 lon)-fluoroacetyllysine (FAcK), an isosteric fluorine analogue of acetyllysine.

70 c coating of titanium dioxide, co-doped with fluorine and copper has been prepared on float glass sub

71 erts a stereoelectronic effect comparable to fluorine and introduce oxime ligation as a tool for the

72 Multipolar interactions involving fluorine and the protein backbone have been frequently o

73 stereogenic centers bearing moieties such as fluorine and the trifluoromethyl group.

74 to predict that the reactions between atomic fluorine and water tetramer (or even larger water cluste

75 coupling between the SF5-group's equatorial fluorines and proton/carbon nuclei of -H, -CH3, and -OH

76 isostere to exploit the unique properties of fluorine, and 2) using 1,3-interactions to control the c

77 ectroscopy demonstrated that both sulfur and fluorine are present in the coating, indicating the inco

78 6-hexafluorocyclohexane, in which all of the fluorines are 'up', is prepared in a 12-step protocol.

79 balances were designed to study and measure fluorine-aromatic (F-pi) interactions.

80 oup that complements the traditional role of fluorine as a slightly deactivating aryl substituent in

81 Fluorous PNA analogues possessing fluorine as inherent part of aminopropylglycine (apg) ba

82 We found that introduction of fluorine at favorable geometry for interactions with bac

83 tivity was further enhanced by addition of a fluorine atom adjacent to the phenolic hydroxyl group as

84 clo-DNA series, no short contact between the fluorine atom and the H6 of the base, reminiscent of a n

85 Second, the introduction of a fluorine atom at C3 also interrupts the sigmatropic shif

86 n of the benzylamine moiety, combined with a fluorine atom at the 3-position of the aniline ring, we

87 The fluorine atom caused a small deviation from planarity in

88 to measure a relative anchimeric role of the fluorine atom in hydrolysis versus mu-hydrido bridging.

89 h reference compounds that the presence of a fluorine atom increases the in vitro anti-HIV activity,

90 The incorporation of fluorine atom into a stereogenic center is a highly chal

91 A fluorine atom introduced in the para-position of phenyla

92 To evaluate the effect of fluorine atom on molecular shapes, X-ray data for 5- and

93 r this transformation have used bench-stable fluorine atom sources; however, many still rely on the u

94 fluorobenzonitrile (2) substituting its para-fluorine atom to form 2-(4-cyanotetrafluorophenyl)-4,4,5

95 Tethering a fluorine atom to the aminoquinoline C(3) position afford

96 placement of one or more hydrogen atoms with fluorine atom(s) is a common tactic to improve potency a

97 ally substituted with hydrogen (H12SubPc) or fluorine atoms (F12SubPc).

98 We also introduced fluorine atoms and long alkyl chains into polymer backbo

99 nes induces distinct (19)F NMR shifts of the fluorine atoms appended on the ligand that defines a chi

100 uted) is described in which the nitrogen and fluorine atoms are attached to sp(3)-hybridized carbons.

101 The presence of two fluorine atoms at the beta-position of the enamide moiet

102 ine atoms in the molecule, (2) the number of fluorine atoms at the C2 and C6 positions, and (3) the n

103 an increase in MW as a result of introducing fluorine atoms does not lead to higher risk of P-gp medi

104 The smaller fluorine atoms in [Fe(dftpy)2](2+) enable spin crossover

105 signals are created by strategically placing fluorine atoms in close proximity to bound analytes so t

106 lly, clustering three highly electronegative fluorine atoms in close proximity.

107 Here, we report that adding fluorine atoms in the benzyl ring of the abscisic acid (

108 bination of three factors: (1) the number of fluorine atoms in the molecule, (2) the number of fluori

109 orbital level: (1) increasing the number of fluorine atoms lowers the energy of the pi*(M identical

110 e carbon increases with increasing number of fluorine atoms on the alkoxide ligands for both molecula

111 Introduction of two fluorine atoms on the phenyl ring yielded analogue 4y th

112 hesis of perhexiline analogues incorporating fluorine atoms onto the cyclohexyl ring(s) provided a ra

113 side chains containing between three and 21 fluorine atoms readily polymerize under controlled condi

114 C6 positions, and (3) the number of pairs of fluorine atoms which are ortho to one another.

115 ues by systematically changing the number of fluorine atoms, and we determined high-resolution crysta

116 order to facilitate the design of multipolar fluorine-backbone interactions in protein-ligand complex

117 ein interfaces, we postulate that multipolar fluorine-backbone interactions may represent a particula

118 Such fluorine-backbone interactions may substantially contrib

119 , and provides access to lactones containing fluorine-bearing stereogenic centers in high enantio- an

120 Despite the notion of fluorine being a poor acceptor, computational and IR stu

121 Ab initio calculations suggest that carbon-fluorine bond formation proceeds via a concerted transit

122 The carbon-fluorine bond functionalization reaction is highly selec

123 Addition of the carbon-fluorine bond of a series of perfluorinated and polyfluo

124 However, the formation of new carbon-fluorine bonds with controlled regiochemistry and functi

125 unds, that is molecules rich in sp(3) carbon-fluorine bonds.

126 s of the terminal xenon atoms and associated fluorine bridge bonds correspond to the positive sigma-h

127 [XeOXeOXe](2+) cation (C2h symmetry) that is fluorine bridged through its terminal xenon atoms to two

128 rings of five to six atoms, and a variety of fluorine, bromine, and hydride leaving groups.

129 ove that the DBDI can be applied to exchange fluorine by oxygen of perfluorinated compounds (PFC).

130 Imagine instead a carbon-fluorine (C-F) bond positioned tightly over the pi cloud

131 emonstrate here that, somewhat surprisingly, fluorine can be incorporated into the bulk of disordered

132 dopa analogues and show that the presence of fluorine can further fix the position of the ligand in t

133 he glove-box-free palladium-catalysed carbon-fluorine, carbon-nitrogen, and carbon-carbon bond-formin

134 annels, affording the close proximity of the fluorine centers, permitted the enhancement of the CO2-f

135 at the vicinity of the periodically aligned fluorine centers, promoting the selective adsorption of

136 + RY with X and Y denoting the halogen atoms fluorine, chlorine and iodine.

137 emical properties of the four halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine) and the diversi

138 In soils halogens (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine) are cycled through

139 The fluorine concentrations determined in standard reference

140 The fluorine concentrations were ranged from <LOQ to 3.75mug

141 ituted ketones can be readily converted into fluorine containing pyrazole derivatives and oxetanes.

142 Fourteen fluorine-containing analogues of S1P ligands were synthe

143 yl esters are useful for the construction of fluorine-containing carboxylic acid derivatives.

144 diazoethanes generated a large number of new fluorine-containing chemical entities for medicinal chem

145 methodology enables the formation of acyclic fluorine-containing compounds in good yields with excell

146 kylammonium cyanide and phenoxide salts) and fluorine-containing electrophiles (e.g., acid fluoride,

147 A series of fluorine-containing PDE10A inhibitors were designed and

148 ties across a variety of fields that exploit fluorine-containing polymers for tailored bulk, interfac

149 clear magnetic resonance signals of a remote fluorine-containing residue located 1 to 2 nanometers aw

150 tionalization approach by utilizing the high fluorine content to systematically build complex biaryls

151 Fluorine-corrected molecular weight (MWFC), where the mo

152 f the (3)J(CH) coupling constant between the fluorine-decoupled (13)CF3 resonance and the vicinal hyd

153 :6',2''-Terpyridyl (tpy) ligands modified by fluorine (dftpy), chlorine (dctpy), or bromine (dbtpy) s

154 Additionally, the presence of fluorine differentiates between C-H bonds at different p

155 Carbon-fluorine distance measurements show that at a cholestero

156 en-doped graphene/gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)/fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass electrode.

157 xide/platinum-palladium (ZnO/Pt-Pd) modified fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass plate was fabricate

158 graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite modified fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO).

159 ector-generator cell, utilizes a transparent fluorine doped tin oxide electrode to sense O2.

160 Nanocrys zeo were deposited on the Fluorine doped tin oxide glass electrode (FTO) by drop-c

161 A fluorine-doped antiperovskite Li-ion conductor Li2 (OH)X

162 ption energy and in water uptake is seen for fluorine-doped carbon, large internal free energy barrie

163 ctro-polymerization of pyrene pyrrole onto a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode allowed the tar

164 NIs) deposited on a glass slide covered with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), which acts as a biosenso

165 Illumination of the resulting fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)|SnO2/TiO2|-[Ru(a) (II)-Ru

166 O2/mpTiO2/MAPI/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au, where FTO is fluorine-doped tin oxide, sTiO2 indicates solid-TiO2, an

167 ent perovskite solar cells grown directly on fluorine-doped tin oxide-coated substrates without using

168 ht irradiation and no activity, for a purely fluorine-doped titania.

169 ormance of the coating, relative to a purely fluorine-doped VLA photocatalyst.

170 We explore the effect of fluorine doping on hydrophobicity of nanoporous silicon

171 ough frequently discussed, the origin of the fluorine effect on the reactivity of alpha-fluorinated C

172 This is not a specific "fluorine effect", as the same is also observed for the p

173 ecules are found to undergo further chlorine-fluorine exchange reactions by treatment with silver(I)

174 underwent positron emission tomography with fluorine F 18-labeled N-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)benzyl)-N-(4-

175 thy control individuals (n = 20) underwent a fluorine F 18-labeled N-(2-(2-fluoroethoxy)benzyl)-N-(4-

176 Here, we report that exothermic reactions of fluorine (F) atoms in d3-acetonitrile and d2-dichloromet

177 been designed and synthesized by introducing fluorine (F) atoms onto the end-capping group 1,1-dicyan

178 A), are not placed into the context of total fluorine for papers and textiles.

179 Despite the many advantages provided by fluorine for tuning key molecular properties, it is rare

180 uoro- and 3,3-difluoro-GABA with that of the fluorine free parent compound showed that introduction o

181 icating attenuation by biodegradation of the fluorine-free moiety, supported by the observation of li

182 step in the determining regioselectivity in fluorine functionalization is fluoride fragmentation fro

183 r Waals heterostructures of graphene and its fluorine-functionalized derivative is presented.

184 tive anode materials, with in situ generated fluorine gas, by using a fluoropolymer, CYTOP, as the pr

185 r", avoiding direct handling of highly toxic fluorine gas.

186 The recent report showed that the fluorine gauche effect can extend to Period 3 elements,

187 lt of the pronounced directing effect of the fluorine group.

188 Fluorine has become an important element for the design

189 Co-doping with copper and fluorine has been shown to improve the performance of th

190 weight (MWFC), where the molecular weight of fluorine has been subtracted, was found to be a more rel

191 units, consistent with the notion that a 4'-fluorine in 2'-F-araU switches the preferred sugar confo

192 ivo imaging due to the only trace amounts of fluorine in biological systems.

193 The role of fluorine in drug design and development is expanding rap

194 he effects of the strategic incorporation of fluorine in drug molecules and applications in positron

195 studies of derived PNA oligomers containing fluorine in in the acetyl side chain (-CHF-CO-) bearing

196 tions are made for hydrogen bond basicity of fluorine in situations where relevant experimental measu

197 Introduction of a m-fluorine in the benzyl moiety eventually led to the disc

198 Nucleoside analogues bearing a fluorine in the C2'-position have been synthesized by SN

199 mpling analysis, micro-scale distribution of fluorine in the samples was also determined.

200 sampling technique for the determination of fluorine in various baby foods via molecular absorption

201 e optimized parameters, the concentration of fluorine in various baby foods were determined.

202 Fluorine incorporation into organic molecules imparts fa

203 ence reduction on the anion site, offered by fluorine incorporation, opens up significant opportuniti

204 We also discovered a novel fluorine-induced hydrophobic collapse that locked the li

205 lipophilicity, and strategic introduction of fluorine into 1.

206 The judicious introduction of fluorine into a molecule can productively influence conf

207 The introduction of fluorine into the structure of pharmaceuticals has been

208 leoside level reveal that introduction of 4'-fluorine introduces a strong bias toward the North confo

209 more subtle stereoelectronic consequences of fluorine introduction.

210 actions; that is, contrary to common wisdom, fluorine is a good lone pair electron donor toward gemin

211 Molecular editing with fluorine is a validated strategy for modulating the stru

212 Here, the authors show that incorporating fluorine is an effective strategy which substantially im

213 Fluorine is an element with unusual properties that has

214 ey parameter in design, and incorporation of fluorine is associated with a disproportionate increase

215 Unlike the ubiquitous hydrogen atom, fluorine is nearly absent in biological systems, making

216 mical properties through the introduction of fluorine is of paramount importance in medicinal chemist

217 A new, to our knowledge, fluorine-labeled ALM derivative was prepared and charact

218 In a murine myositis model, fluorine-labeled analogs of all 3 molecules could rapidl

219 Fluorine-labeled analogs, that could be developed as PET

220 anostic conjugates 1 and 2, bearing either a fluorine-labeled prosthetic as a potential (18)F-PET rad

221 geting of an anti-PD-L1 adnectin after (18)F-fluorine labeling.

222 nt compound showed that introduction of each fluorine lead to acidification of both the amino and the

223 ion of a new carbon-magnesium bond and a new fluorine-magnesium bond and is analogous to Grignard for

224 ithin analytical error) of the initial total fluorine measured by PIGE.

225 -F(ReO2F3)2]2 consists of a series of oxygen/fluorine metathesis reactions that are presumably mediat

226 sible or IR irradiation rearranges via a 1,2-fluorine migration from boron to carbon.

227 stabilizes the zwitterion and suppresses the fluorine migration, thus providing a convenient and effi

228 The fluorine nanoemulsion is a clinically applicable cell la

229 MS/MS, and precursors were compared to total fluorine (nmol F/cm(2)) determined by particle-induced g

230 A quantitative fluorine NMR ((19)F qNMR) method was developed to determ

231 Fluorine NMR analysis of 2a-e demonstrates predominant f

232 a2-adrenergic receptor (beta2AR) using (19)F-fluorine NMR and double electron-electron resonance spec

233 sses and analyzes ligand-observed proton and fluorine NMR binding data in a fully automated fashion.

234 Fluorine NMR data on the 7-kDa globular N-terminal SH3 d

235 Fluorine NMR paramagnetic relaxation enhancement was eva

236 h a variety of nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and fluorine nucleophiles afforded chiral 3,4-disubstituted

237 pi* carbon atom in benzene ring attached to fluorine of levofloxacin was investigated by C K-edge X-

238 umber and site of the fluorine substitution: fluorine on carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group induce

239 onyl group induces higher lipophilicity than fluorine on nucleobase or in the backbone.

240 set to understand the effect of introducing fluorine on the risk of encountering P-glycoprotein medi

241 erties that accompany the placement of axial fluorines on a cyclohexane and the unusual property of a

242 PhF2,6), which differ by the arrangement of fluorines on the phenylene structural unit, were designe

243 hioxotetrahydropyrimidinone bearing either a fluorine or a hydroxyl group was accomplished.

244 deprotonated at C-6 and reacted with carbon, fluorine, or sulfur electrophiles before the Grignard ad

245 a putative frontside SNi mechanism involving fluorine participation, KIE studies indicate that an ide

246 consistent with a transition state involving fluorine participation; this is also confirmed by a sign

247 should be relevant to drug discovery, where fluorine plays a prominent role.

248 ned by PIGE, indicating that the majority of fluorine remains associated with the papers and textiles

249 mass of the method were 0.20ng and 0.17ng of fluorine, respectively.

250 y to form Cs (III) and (V) valence states at fluorine-rich conditions.

251 Our findings indicate that fluorine's polarizing ability does enhance CH-pi binding

252 developed, as evidenced by the high ortho-to-fluorine selectivity observed in the C(sp(2))-H borylati

253 The electronically enhanced ortho-to-fluorine selectivity observed with the cobalt catalysts

254 This result stands in contrast to the fluorine shift in 5-fluorocyclopentadiene which requires

255 For 3-fluorocyclopropene, the [1,3] fluorine shift is much easier than the hydrogen shift.

256 The [1,7] suprafacial fluorine shift is relatively easy, having a TS with cycl

257 but have a single hydrogen substituted for a fluorine someplace in their structure.

258 luoroacetic acid as a stable and inexpensive fluorine source.

259 The use of electrophilic fluorine sources enabled new modes of gold catalysis.

260 on of AHF provides nitrogen, phosphorus, and fluorine sources for tri-doping with N, P, and F, and si

261 phosphate, or fluorophosphate imidazolide as fluorine sources, we prepared over 30 fluorophosphate-co

262 degrees C, respectively), are attractive for fluorine storage applications.

263 changes in Tm were detected, attributing the fluorine substituent a neutral role in RNA affinity.

264 -F bond, thus, demonstrating the role of the fluorine substituent in stabilizing the U-shaped conform

265 By incorporating a fluorine substituent in the 3-position of the tri-aminop

266 In this study, we show that changing the 7-fluorine substituent of modulators BPAM97 (2) and BPAM34

267 gen atom, and if available, the hydroxyl and fluorine substituent solvate the metal ion.

268 ted aromatic substrates containing two ortho fluorine substituents adjacent to the C-H bond and 1,2,3

269 at their sugar C2' positions with methoxy or fluorine substituents are stable to nucleases, but they

270 Fluorine substituents gave rise to increasingly more sta

271 ty is possible by the judicious placement of fluorine substituents in the chiral ligand.

272 been demonstrated also for an isatin bearing fluorine substituents on the aromatic ring.

273 nd heteroaryl compounds including those with fluorine substituents.

274 e of mechanism in which chain extension with fluorine-substituted extender units switches largely to

275 tane, acting as a rotator, and a set of five fluorine-substituted iodobenzenes that take the role of

276 Fluorine-substituted iron(III) salophene complexes (salo

277 of allyl and allenyl organoboron reagents to fluorine-substituted ketones.

278 (X = H, F) as model systems, the effects of fluorine substitution on main-chain conformations, packi

279 sulfate with differing mixes of hydrogen and fluorine substitution was also observed.

280 introduction of a benzyl alcohol group and a fluorine substitution, each of which resulted in over 10

281 ated a remarkable electronic effect of the 4-fluorine substitution, while the effect of the 4-methyl

282 ers, dependent on the number and site of the fluorine substitution: fluorine on carbon adjacent to th

283 represent a valuable tool for designing new fluorine substitutions and support ligand optimization i

284 oly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) bioplastics with fluorine substitutions ranging from around 5-15 %.

285 The results show that the fluorine/sulfur gauche effect is primarily electrostatic

286 tionally observed for hydrodefluorination of fluorines that can undergo intramolecular hydrogen bonds

287 Charming fluorine: This Essay examines the recent surge in late-s

288 u or added separately, serves as a source of fluorine to generate the fluorodecarboxylation products.

289 The special properties imparted by fluorine to organic molecules have been exploited in gol

290 d to nonfluorinated methane, the addition of fluorine to the substrate assists the reactivity through

291 bility of a range of anions, some containing fluorine, to block (99m)TcO4(-) uptake in hNIS-expressin

292 bility of a range of anions, some containing fluorine, to block (99m)TcO4(-) uptake in hNIS-expressin

293 ro-2-methylbenzamides undergo chemoselective fluorine transfer to provide the corresponding fluorides

294 talyst composed of nitrogen, phosphorus, and fluorine tri-doped graphene is reported, which was obtai

295 Indeed, gold and fluorine truly formed a very fruitful partnership, and d

296 n MW considering the van der Waals radius of fluorine versus hydrogen.

297 Fluorine was determined at CaF wavelength, 606.440nm in

298 In order to understand the effect of fluorine, we synthesized a series of analogues by system

299 ygen cleaves from graphene more readily than fluorine, which in turn cleaves more readily than hydrog

300 dinary enhancement of the oxidizing power of fluorine with strong Lewis acids had previously not been