ライフサイエンスコーパス: foreign

1 nt cells as being recognized as dangerous or foreign.

2 lso found an advantage of foreign genotypes (foreign advantage (FA)).

3 ecins Sans Frontieres, Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (through the Research Council of Norway'

4 UK Government, Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooper

5 undation, and from the Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development Canada.

6 evelopment Research Centre and Department of Foreign Affairs, Trade and Development).

7 portantly, CD8(+) T cell responses against a foreign Ag are not inhibited by neonatal ILCs.

8 nal CD4 T cells during a primary response to foreign Ag has yet to be determined.

9 rly understood phenomenon of mixed self- and foreign Ag reactivity in the CD1 system.

10 CD1c-gammadelta TCR interactions and a named foreign Ag.

11 tissues are important in protecting against foreign agents but can also contribute to inflammatory d

12 to accomplish their surveying task for both foreign Ags and survival signals.

13 d B1 B cells have the capacity to respond to foreign Ags more rapidly than conventional B cells, prov

14 sent self-Ags for induction of tolerance and foreign Ags to initiate T cell-mediated immunity.

15 ction of TCR interactions with CD1c carrying foreign Ags, permissive ligands, and nonpermissive lipid

16 olecule that regulates adaptive responses to foreign Ags.

17 ader political and health consequences of US foreign aid in light of the study by Aleksandra Jakubows

18 to characteristic molecules that are deemed foreign and elicit the production of antibodies against

19 raphic history, which includes stocking with foreign and native salmon for at least 2 decades.

20 s DNA fragments (spacers) from both plasmid (foreign) and host genome (self) sequences into its seven

21 The mechanisms that discriminate self- and foreign antigen before T cell activation are unresolved.

22 expression; tissue-specific imprinting; and foreign antigen exposure.

23 en, irrespective of whether it is a self- or foreign antigen.

24 n, including whether they recognize self- or foreign antigen.

25 pable of surviving selection and recognizing foreign antigen.

26 earing alphabeta T cell receptors react with foreign antigens bound to alleles of major histocompatib

27 ological inflammatory responses to innocuous foreign antigens by peripheral regulatory T cells (pT(re

28 gests that early B-cell recognition of large foreign antigens may be transient.

29 To study the ability of Eimeria to secrete foreign antigens or display them on the surface of the s

30 and multiple sclerosis, which are driven by foreign antigens or self-antigens, respectively.

31 ity of T cells to respond to a wide array of foreign antigens while avoiding reactivity to self is la

32 ualitatively assess immune responses against foreign antigens with regard to antibody binding affinit

33 Monoclonal antibodies specific for foreign antigens, auto-antigens, allogeneic antigens and

34 In the host response to foreign antigens, follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) main

35 elicit protective humoral responses against foreign antigens, we tested two B-cell epitopes: a novel

36 ells and germinal center B cells by self and foreign antigens.

37 ibute to the specific response of T cells to foreign antigens.

38 onses and antibody production in response to foreign antigens.

39 ity to cytokines ensures strong responses to foreign antigens.

40 appropriate responses to self and nonharmful foreign antigens.

41 used as platforms for multimeric display of foreign antigens.

42 ells were hyper-responsive towards self- and foreign antigens.

43 Doping a semiconductor with foreign atoms enables the control of its electrical and

44 ility to down-modulate the response when the foreign attack is over.

45 gic disease virus (RHDV) for presentation of foreign B-cell antigens to the immune system.

46 ts of chimeric RHDV VLPs by insertion of the foreign B-cell epitopes at three different locations wit

47 otective humoral responses against displayed foreign B-cell epitopes, demonstrated by both, in vitro

48 whereas other mutations conferred increased foreign binding.

49 In cases of implant failure, implantation of foreign bodies may play a role with subsequent developme

50 Presence of foreign bodies was assessed using PLM.

51 Foreign bodies were found more commonly in I-RLs (n = 13

52 formed on 150 children with MPP or bronchial foreign body (FB) admitted in our hospital.

53 ght lateral pterygoid plate by a penetrating foreign body (wooden twig) in an adult male who presente

54 omputed tomography (MDCT) revealed a tubular foreign body density, compatible with intestinal perfora

55 No differences in foreign body feeling or quality of life scores were dete

56 arameters included chronic pain, recurrence, foreign body feeling, and quality of life scores.

57 eripheral blood derived macrophage adhesion, foreign body giant cell (FBGC) formation and inflammator

58 Corneal abrasions (13.7%) and foreign body in the external eye (7.5%) were the leading

59 Foreign body in the lower urinary tract has a low incide

60 Patients with burns, foreign body injury, toxic effects, or late complication

61 Heavy nasopharynx foreign body load and loss of gland protection alters th

62 Accumulation of large foreign body particles in the bulla stimulates granuloma

63 The method of extraction of a foreign body per urethra depends on the size and shape o

64 ials and biomedical devices generally induce foreign body reaction and end up with encapsulation by a

65 ors, due to the reduction of the detrimental foreign body reaction and of consequent potential failur

66 containing analogs that substantially reduce foreign body reactions in both rodents and, for at least

67 improved biomaterial design and will reduce foreign body reactions.

68 ithout damaging neural tissues or triggering foreign body reactions.

69 This alloy also exhibits compromised foreign body response (FBR) determined by human peripher

70 ibrous encapsulation resulting from the host foreign body response (FBR) reduce sensor sensitivity to

71 The foreign body response is an immune-mediated reaction tha

72 Host recognition and immune-mediated foreign body response to biomaterials can compromise the

73 The foreign body response to implantable biosensors has been

74 o the implant spanning the acute and chronic foreign body response.

75 ation, combat possible infection or stem the foreign body response.

76 erstanding will shed insight on the cause of foreign body responses, which will lead to improved biom

77 mputational modeling discloses the nature of foreign body responses.

78 perianal pain (63 %), weight loss (31 %) and foreign body sensation (22 %).

79 s at day 42 in itching (nominal P = 0.0318), foreign body sensation (nominal P = 0.0418), and eye dis

80 eral face, neck and ear pain, stinging pain, foreign body sensation and dysphagia can be observed wit

81 the presence of burning sensation, tearing, foreign body sensation, conjunctival hyperemia and photo

82 tional VAS items (burning/stinging, itching, foreign body sensation, eye discomfort, photophobia, pai

83 The presence of the foreign body was confirmed on computed tomography and wa

84 the lens insertion, lid eversion revealed a 'foreign body' retained beneath her right upper eyelid, w

85 urethra depends on the size and shape of the foreign body.

86 nding on the physical characteristics of the foreign body.

87 ers have chorioamnionitis or an intrauterine foreign body.

88 terium acnes) is recognized as a pathogen in foreign-body infections (arthroplasty or spinal instrume

89 planations about the development of C. acnes foreign-body infections.

90 Gossypiboma or textiloma is the result of a foreign-body reaction to extraneous material, usually a

91 , although histological examination showed a foreign-body reaction to the microspheres.

92 radiation-induced vascular inflammation, or foreign-body reaction, such as synthetic arterial graft.

93 Prevalence among the foreign born ranged from 9.1% to 20.3%, depending on how

94 ontemporary changes in TB dynamics among the foreign-born - a declining rate of reactivation or a dec

95 S-born African Americans (USAAs) to those of foreign-born African Americans (FBAAs) with chronic hepa

96 which improvements in TB dynamics among the foreign-born continued into the coming decade.

97 and respondent-rated health for US-born and foreign-born Hispanics and 2) assessed whether neighborh

98 salutary (though not always significant) for foreign-born Hispanics.

99 ts, but only with higher lymphocyte count in foreign-born participants.

100 er age, male sex, and past LTBI treatment in foreign-born participants.

101 reservoir of 12.4 million still exists, with foreign-born persons representing an increasingly larger

102 Children, foreign-born persons, Hispanics, and females are disprop

103 particularly the size and composition of the foreign-born population) and TB transmission dynamics co

104 t TB in NYC requires additional focus on the foreign-born population.

105 iture, population density, the percentage of foreign-born residents, and the strength of the national

106 tial stability, and percent white, black, or foreign-born) and self-reported neighborhood social ties

107 iduals in 2010-2015): 86% were men, 39% were foreign-born, and 22% had AIDS at diagnosis.

108 -born in a way that does not occur among the foreign-born.

109 ation factor eIF4F to specifically recognize foreign capped mRNAs, while remaining inactive against h

110 or-derived T cells recognize host tissues as foreign, causing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) which

111 le and effective immune response to multiple foreign cells.

112 sary to sense foreign circRNA, and RIG-I and foreign circRNA co-aggregate in cytoplasmic foci.

113 Use of a human intron to express a foreign circRNA sequence abrogates immune activation, an

114 leic acid sensor RIG-I is necessary to sense foreign circRNA, and RIG-I and foreign circRNA co-aggreg

115 NA structure, or the primary sequence of the foreign circRNA.

116 he detoxification and clearance of drugs and foreign compounds from the liver.

117 epened understanding of molecular effects of foreign compounds in SC fluidity can therefore have stro

118 ities for both biodiversity conservation and foreign direct investment due to projected economic grow

119 anking target DNA is crucial for self versus foreign discrimination.

120 ing a potential mechanism for organellar and foreign DNA acquisition.

121 complex captures 30-40 base pair segments of foreign DNA and catalyzes their integration into the hos

122 two components: Cas-proteins that cleave the foreign DNA and CRISPR array that suits as a virus recog

123 d surveillance complex (Csy complex) to bind foreign DNA and recruit a trans-acting nuclease (i.e., C

124 d surveillance complex (Csy complex) to bind foreign DNA and recruit a trans-acting nuclease for targ

125 primed adaptation, spacer-sized fragments of foreign DNA are associated with Cas1.

126 nucleotide-sensing mechanisms can recognize foreign DNA based on a lack of methylation and initiate

127 heterochromatic contexts as privileged while foreign DNA can be suppressed with no requirement for a

128 s over 500 transcripts enriched for genes of foreign DNA elements and bacterial virulence factors.

129 ion (R-M) systems present a major barrier to foreign DNA entering the bacterial cell.

130 sts a surprising importance for defence from foreign DNA for dilute populations that infrequently enc

131 as2 integrase to capture and integrate short foreign DNA fragments into the CRISPR locus, enabling ad

132 r-sized fragments are cut from one strand of foreign DNA in Cas1- and Cas3-dependent manner.

133 lly, during viral infection, the presence of foreign DNA in the cytoplasm of host cells can initiate

134 The integration of foreign DNA into algal and plant plastid genomes is a ra

135 genetic elements by integrating fragments of foreign DNA into CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced

136 rokaryotes must first integrate fragments of foreign DNA into their genomic CRISPR arrays for use in

137 ng population and might apply to any kind of foreign DNA molecule in mammalian cells.

138 Foreign DNA molecules and chromosomal fragments are gene

139 In recent years it has emerged that foreign DNA potently stimulates the innate immune respon

140 ngly, fortuitous promoter regions arising in foreign DNA produce equal transcription in both directio

141 ts repress Cas2/3 nuclease activity and that foreign DNA recognition by the Csy complex activates Cas

142 ncing to show that Tomelo does not carry any foreign DNA sequences but only carries a deletion that i

143 SPR interference Cas3 generates fragments of foreign DNA that are recognized by the Cas1-Cas2 adaptat

144 ch longer S1-nuclease sensitive fragments of foreign DNA that require Cas3 for their production.

145 CRISPR-Cas nucleoproteins target foreign DNA via base pairing with a crRNA.

146 ression, to increase CRISPR-Cas targeting of foreign DNA, and to promote CRISPR adaptation, all at hi

147 es are powerful weapons in the fight against foreign DNA, such as phages and plasmids, as well as a r

148 Molecular memory is created when a short foreign DNA-derived prespacer is integrated into the CRI

149 6, and that function involves the evasion of foreign DNA-sensing pathways.IMPORTANCE Herpes simplex v

150 gonaute, enabling DNA-guided defense against foreign DNA.

151 ve acquisition of spacers-short fragments of foreign DNA.

152 cell sequencing is sample contamination with foreign DNA.

153 d spacers, that guide Cas proteins to cleave foreign DNA.

154 thway, to direct guide-dependent cleavage of foreign DNA.

155 on modification (RM) system for defence from foreign DNA.

156 nd proinflammatory responses upon sensing of foreign DNA.

157 y, in the first millennium BCE Egypt endured foreign domination leading to growing numbers of foreign

158 cture of Escherichia coli Cascade bound to a foreign double-stranded DNA target.

159 chimeras, regulation could be conferred to a foreign ectodomain, suggesting a common higher-order str

160 g things, is produced from both domestic and foreign emissions of anthropogenic precursors.

161 Promoter regions in foreign environments lose the directionality they have i

162 lulosomes have been developed to incorporate foreign enzymatic activities in cellulosomes so as to en

163 cation-competent viruses harbouring a potent foreign epitope tag.

164 h can be recognized by the immune system as "foreign" epitopes.

165 n about the use of donor corneas supplied by foreign eye banks is the effect of the increased donor d

166 al of divergent selection was a tendency for foreign fish to have higher parasite loads than resident

167 The foreign gene allows identification of cells that are inf

168 previously demonstrated that insertion of a foreign gene at the PIV5 small hydrophobic (SH)-hemagglu

169 viruses have been widely used as vectors for foreign gene expression and virus-induced gene silencing

170 ansient phenotypes is the instability of the foreign gene fragment (insert) in the vector during VIGS

171 However, the function of the foreign gene insertion may need to be considered when de

172 xperimental data concerning the host and its foreign gene overexpression.

173 re, the virus can be engineered to express a foreign gene while still retaining the ability to grow t

174 B virus composed of a complete virus plus a foreign gene.

175 itro and in vivo We found that insertions of foreign genes, such as the RSV F and G genes, were stabl

176 heterologous platform for the expression of foreign genes.

177 trategies to minimize the harmful effects of foreign genes.

178 Cells benefit from silencing foreign genetic elements but must simultaneously avoid i

179 Bacteria and archaea acquire resistance to foreign genetic elements by integrating fragments of for

180 eriophages, and mobile elements, while these foreign genetic elements evolve diverse anti-CRISPR prot

181 an RNA-based adaptive immune system against foreign genetic elements in prokaryotes.

182 and archaea employ adaptive immunity against foreign genetic elements using CRISPR-Cas systems.

183 ptive immune system defends microbes against foreign genetic elements via DNA or RNA-DNA interference

184 aptive immune systems that protect them from foreign genetic elements, such as invading viruses.

185 is used by bacteria and archaea to fend off foreign genetic elements.

186 erred nucleotide contexts (or "hotspots") on foreign genomes such as viruses and retrotransposons.

187 n (LA), many have also found an advantage of foreign genotypes (foreign advantage (FA)).

188 compare the relative fitnesses of native vs foreign genotypes at three nested ecological scales with

189 that paradoxically decreased binding to the foreign immunogen, whereas other mutations conferred inc

190 ffective and safe vector for the delivery of foreign immunogens for vaccine purposes.

191 val and obtained a greater maximum size than foreign individuals, regardless of warming treatment.

192 oning and the immune response induced by the foreign "invader" are important factors in determining t

193 uppressive mechanisms designed to neutralize foreign invaders and resolve injury.

194 ognizing and eliminating danger arising from foreign invaders and tissue trauma.

195 atory response is host protective to contain foreign invaders, much of today's pharmacopeia can cause

196 an body against bacteria, viruses, and other foreign invaders.

197 uiding the host immune system in response to foreign invasions.

198 dds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% CI 0.61-0.90) or by foreign investment (OR 0.80, 0.69-0.92).

199 Specifically, the outcomes of changes in foreign investment and state ownership need to be examin

200 The indirect economic benefits of foreign investment do not translate automatically into b

201 Es), i.e., Ca, K, Mg, and Na, as well as the foreign ions (Al, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) to the solution on the

202 The experiment shows that foreign ions did not influence on recovery of the determ

203 2, n=45), the effects of an intensive 5-week foreign language (English) learning experience on region

204 n the processing of native language or tonal foreign language, which rely on pitch processing.

205 Thus, we identify the long-sought foreign ligand for this key immunoregulatory NKR family

206 TCR discrimination between self-ligands and foreign ligands.

207 omeric linkage has been thought to define a "foreign" lipid antigen motif.

208 T cells recognize self-lipids in addition to foreign lipids, which may have implications in human dis

209 sic training on processing English sounds by foreign listeners.

210 rosecution by engaging in these practices in foreign locations where they judge the risk of criminal

211 ly shown to be elicited by expression of the foreign M.HhaII Type II methytransferase (MTase), as wel

212 ty of the cellular cytoplasm in dealing with foreign material and to develop tools for the directed m

213 s an essential pathway by which cellular and foreign material are degraded and recycled in eukaryotic

214 alcification, valve tissue, artery wall, and foreign material.

215 mbosis is a multifactorial process involving foreign materials, patient-specific blood chemistry, and

216 ating immune responses against pathogens and foreign materials.

217 The generality of this approach of utilizing foreign metal atoms to induce surface restructuring towa

218 ptations that occur as cancer cells colonize foreign metastatic microenvironments and how cancer cell

219 populations with Ag receptors specific for a foreign MHC class II molecule type loaded with peptides

220 because T cells in the recipient attack the foreign MHC molecules on the graft.

221 grew similarly when inoculated with local vs foreign microbial communities, but this neutral response

222 romosomal uptake of autonomously replicating foreign mobile genetic elements.

223 complementation of mutations; expression of foreign, modified, or reporter genes; and even targeted

224 ivated at a low level and arbitrarily probes foreign, modified-self, and also unaltered self-structur

225 eptors that sample subcellular locations for foreign molecular structures, altered host molecules, or

226 ated for an effective and proper response to foreign molecules or damaged tissue.

227 Insertion of foreign molecules such as functionalized fluorescent pro

228 probably involves the recognition of self or foreign molecules, especially nucleic acids, by innate s

229 trinsic immune defenses at the ready to deny foreign mRNA access to ribosomes and block protein synth

230 mechanisms by which Cas proteins respond to foreign nucleic acids and how these systems have been ha

231 timulating host-defense pathways that target foreign nucleic acids and proteins.

232 ng a prompt and efficient immune response to foreign nucleic acids derived from invading pathogens.

233 is a prokaryotic immune system that destroys foreign nucleic acids in a sequence-specific manner usin

234 Detection of foreign nucleic acids is an important strategy for innat

235 y pathways protect prokaryotic cells against foreign nucleic acids using CRISPR RNA (crRNA)-guided nu

236 ptive immune systems defend microbes against foreign nucleic acids via RNA-guided endonucleases.

237 ems, which provide adaptive immunity against foreign nucleic acids.

238 ey extracellular and intracellular space for foreign nucleic acids.

239 ed immune systems that target and deactivate foreign nucleic acids.

240 odelling biological membranes and delivering foreign objects to cells.

241 the cell surface, allowing T cells to detect foreign or mutated peptides.

242 ne system has evolved to prevent invasion of foreign organisms and to promote tissue healing after in

243 but the role of sequence in the detection of foreign organisms remains unclear.

244 Allogeneic transplantation of foreign organs or tissues has lifesaving potential, but

245 T cells recognize lipids with dual self and foreign origin.

246 evolution, including endogenous sequences of foreign origin.

247 ories: dominant state, domestic private, and foreign ownership.

248 dinately to clear inhaled microbes and other foreign particles from airway surfaces.

249 nchronized pattern to continuously transport foreign particulate trapped in a layer of mucous out of

250 ental role in the immune system by engulfing foreign particulates such as nanoparticles.

251 n initiating innate immune responses against foreign pathogens and other types of dangers through the

252 results in antibodies that precisely target foreign pathogens while limiting autoimmunity and excess

253 ne response to discriminate between self and foreign pathogens.

254 organelles could be a key strategy to enable foreign pathways to be efficiently controlled within euk

255 out the body, rapidly identifying almost any foreign peptide.

256 n the CTL recognition of TANs and completely foreign peptides and can estimate the number of CTLs tha

257 (TANs) in much the same way as they would to foreign peptides presented on cell surfaces.

258 rly, exhibiting elevated cross-reactivity to foreign peptides.

259 alling system in the late 19th century, when foreign pig breeds were introduced.

260 unknown but essential, given the paucity of foreign pMHC ligands relative to the ubiquitous self-pMH

261 han temperature may influence the ability of foreign populations and species to establish at more nor

262 ron also confers leaf-specific expression of foreign promoters.

263 eraction and that are sufficient to direct a foreign protein into budding particles.

264 rminus (Fstem) was required, and addition of foreign protein sequences to Fstem allowed incorporation

265 However, the production of foreign proteins in the nucleocytosolic compartment of C

266 ) have been used to successfully target some foreign proteins into chloroplasts, but for other protei

267 efficient system for production of valuable foreign proteins.

268 their ability to recognize insulin or HEL as foreign, rather than autoantigens.

269 olated from healthy donors immunized against foreign rhesus D alloantigen or vaccinia virus.

270 self RNA in the innate immune system against foreign RNA has become clear.

271 alment from cellular proteins that recognize foreign RNA.

272 either grown in other side of the country or foreign samples is represented by Mn content along with

273 derlying the detection and discrimination of foreign sequences from self.

274 Native and foreign sequences with similar GC content to P. tricornu

275 iefs and behaviors by forbidding judgment on foreign societal codes of conduct.

276 ty promoted international collaboration with foreign societies, and in 1900 it opened an impressive h

277 Long-range transport from foreign sources is small relative to domestic influences

278 le sequence requirements may enable DNA from foreign sources to persist in the nucleus as extrachromo

279 ctions to accommodate high concentrations of foreign species within their structures, and find many a

280 ize TCR discrimination of differing self and foreign structures, CD1b autoreactive T cells recognize

281 e in the immune response to pathogens, other foreign substances, and autoantigens.

282 nvironmental context in which they encounter foreign substances, but the regulatory basis for this ha

283 with the ability to respond to multitudinous foreign substances.

284 The early stages of metal deposition on foreign substrates are characterized by a highly dynamic

285 t factor H (CFH) on self-surfaces but not on foreign surfaces.

286 th music (tones in triple meter) and speech (foreign syllable structure).

287 erefore, the first spacer matches the latest foreign threat.

288 cancer cells to form allochthonous tumors in foreign tissue environments.

289 t detects atypical features in viral RNAs as foreign to initiate a Type I interferon signaling respon

290 ied bacterial lipooligosaccharide, to appear foreign to the immune system.

291 ther speak the infants' native language or a foreign tongue (study 2).

292 t decrease in the mobility of organelles and foreign tracer particles.

293 2 emissions embodied in China's domestic and foreign trade from 2007 to 2012.

294 ns have changed greatly in both domestic and foreign trade since the financial crisis.

295 In terms of foreign trade, emissions embodied in China's exports dec

296 Foreign travel within 30 days preceding illness onset wa

297 e (MLV Env) glycoprotein, incorporation into foreign viral particles has been shown to be an active p

298 e (MLV Env) glycoprotein, incorporation into foreign viral particles is an active process, but it doe

299 By analogy to the persistence of a foreign virus, the large mass of alloantigen presented b

300 mapping in S. cerevisiae strains containing foreign yeast DNA.