ライフサイエンスコーパス: formal

1 tho-substituted benzylic boronic esters with formal 1,1'-benzylidene insertion into the C-B bond.

2 These complexes were prepared by a formal 1,4-proton migration reaction when the metal tria

3 s catalytic B(C6 F5 )3 can be used to effect formal 1,5-alkyl migrations from the ester functional gr

4 on under mild conditions to give products of formal [1,3] rearrangement rather than benzoin condensat

5 Overall, this metal-free formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition provides access to poly

6 Metal-free, formal [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition strategies for the synt

7 re, we report a multicomponent, Ti-catalysed formal [2+2+1] reaction of alkynes and diazenes for the

8 afford four-membered anionic heterocycles in formal [2+2] cycloaddition reactions.

9 e with a conjugated enal, proceeding through formal [2+2] cycloaddition, 4pi-electrocyclic ring openi

10 ysis yields catalytic exchange rates (at the formal 2H(+)/H2 potential, at 0 degrees C) of 157 electr

11 ic synthesis of cis-gamma-lactones through a formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition of enediolates with alpha,b

12 benzyl derivatives undergo microwave-induced formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition with cis-N-benzyl-2-benzoyl

13 lkyne hydroarylation, a cyclopropanation via formal [3 + 2] cycloaddition/nitrogen extrusion, and a r

14 d bicyclic methylene aziridines results in a formal [3+1] ring expansion to yield highly substituted

15 This formal [3+2] annulation allowed the synthesis of diverse

16 onyl chloride derived ammonium enolate and a formal [3+2] cycloaddition between an imidate and cyclop

17 We report Ti-catalyzed radical formal [3+2] cycloadditions of N-acylaziridines and alke

18 A one step formal [3+2]-annulation protocol for the synthesis of 2,

19 Finally, two of these alkenes undergo a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition to form a trithiazole-subst

20 Only a few natural enzymes catalyze even a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition, and it remains uncertain i

21 A Rh(II) -catalyzed, formal [4+1]-cycloaddition between diazooxindoles as ele

22 rogenous heterocycle that is assembled via a formal [4+2] cycloaddition between two dehydroalanine (D

23 the biosynthesis of spinosyn A, catalyzes a formal [4+2] cycloaddition of a 22-membered macrolactone

24 We report a formal [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of styrenes under vi

25 N-aryl and N-alkyl imines readily undergo formal [4+2] cycloaddition to provide lactams with high

26 ls and reacts with O2, CO2, and ethylene via formal [4+2] cycloaddition to the central diborabutadien

27 eaction pathway switched to an unprecedented formal [5 + 1]-cyclization that provided multifunctional

28 ling homoallylic ring expansion to yield the formal "6-endo" products with aromatization via stereoel

29 a subsequent Cope rearrangement produces the formal [6F + 4T] adduct.

30 adical additions, which are initiated by the formal addition of a hydrogen atom to a C[double bond, l

31 nism for the 3 --> 1 transformation involves formal addition of HCl across the Mo horizontal lineN im

32 pendent academy tasked with the provision of formal advice are compelling.

33 Combining formal algorithmic behavioral analysis with muscimol ina

34 total of 335 participants were randomized to formal allergy assessment or normal care.

35 use of a sodium amide has been exploited for formal allylic C(sp(3))-H bond activation of alkenes und

36 Remarkably, a new formal alpha-chloroacetyl directing group has been devel

37 Here, we exploit the formal analogy between diffusion and electrical conducti

38 Development of a new technique for formal analysis of circadian waveform, first derivative

39 s and methods from computer science, such as formal analysis, model checking, static analysis, and ru

40 ddress a spectrum of infection risks in both formal and informal care settings as well as in the comm

41 g in particular the constraints given by the formal and informal norms, rules, and regulations that g

42 ing diagnostic and treatment capacity in the formal and informal private sector, as well as in the pu

43 ortical and machine signals is indicative of formal and mechanistic alignment between representationa

44 Reinforcement learning models provide formal and testable characterizations of the mechanisms

45 These reactions are reliant upon the formal anti-carbonickelation of the alkyne, which is pos

46 cally useful functional groups, resulting in formal anti-Markovnikov hydroamination, among other tran

47 e clinical studies before their marketing or formal approval from regulatory agencies, and for this r

48 Using formal arguments, we show that a gauge theory for neuron

49 hospital policies concerning supervision and formal assessment of competencies varied between and wit

50 ective antitumor immunotherapy and support a formal assessment of this combination approach in a larg

51 A formal asymmetric (er > 99:1) synthesis of (+)-anti-mefl

52 to form multiple pancake-bonded dimers with formal bond orders of up to five.

53 erendipitous discovery of a borane-catalyzed formal C(sp(3))-CF3 reductive elimination from Au(III) t

54 This formal C-H bond functionalization is a direct and effici

55 Finally, on annealing, the formal C-X insertion product of DPC is observed.

56 We report Ni-catalyzed formal carboacylation of o-allylbenzamides with arylboro

57 gid binary judgments and train them to adopt formal carer roles that promote a more contextualised ri

58 trategy culminates in isolation of the first formal Ce horizontal lineN bonded moiety in the complex

59 Here, we performed formal cellular kinetic analyses of CTL019 in a larger c

60 d allergy status at 1 year was determined by formal challenge.

61 -deficient Bi2O2Cu1.7Se2 blocks, producing a formal charge modulation along the stacking direction.

62 first class of polyelectrolytes that bear a formal charge on carbon.

63 nd biotic processes with, the presumed, same formal chemical degradation mechanism.

64 E system into a finitary structure akin to a formal chemical reaction network.

65 Formal classification systems such as the El Escorial cr

66 ondary outcome, standardized definitions and formal clinical reviews were used significantly less oft

67 Their results suggest that a formal clinical trial of MB in human subjects with sever

68 These complexes have formal Co(-I) oxidation states, representing the only co

69 ficant neurodegenerative disease who had had formal cognitive assessments within 12 months of death.

70 xploratory phase 2 study was not powered for formal comparisons among treatment groups; no statistica

71 rrently, technical skill assessment is not a formal component of board certification.

72 ve utility prediction error, consistent with formal concepts of economic decision theory.

73 a systematic review of the literature and a formal consensus process.

74 e chain reaction methods is examined through formal considerations and Monte Carlo simulations.

75 Formal considerations suggest why tensor structure might

76 We understand these observations by noting a formal correspondence with electromagnetically induced t

77 METHOD: The authors applied the formal criteria for testing equivalence, implying a part

78 role("a1u") interaction, a unique feature of formal d(5) metallocorroles.

79 borane which undergoes a temperature-induced formal dearomatization of the pyridine ring.

80 dies and DFT calculations revealed that this formal dearomatization sequence led to an aromaticity sw

81 a prespecified adjudicated end point using a formal definition.

82 We used a formal Delphi consensus process to help develop a defini

83 ptarenaviruses, cause IBD, there has been no formal demonstration of disease causality since their di

84 This formal description of avoidance within the reinforcement

85 tured flows on manifold (SFM) that provide a formal description of behavior as a low-dimensional proc

86 Current methods either do not rely on a formal description of randomness (NIST test suite) on th

87 ght on phenomena that have thus far eluded a formal description, such as attention and the link betwe

88 pinion (37.8%) than for patients sent with a formal diagnosis (3.7%).

89 ular surface signs related to XP, before any formal diagnosis of XP was made.

90 ntrol and motor awareness and may complement formal diagnosis procedures (normally requiring time, co

91 somerization-dimerization sequence to afford formal Diels-Alder adducts that undergo a smooth gold-ca

92 intermediates subsequently undergo either a formal Diels-Alder cycloaddition or a competitive Michae

93 were enrolled; 42 received treatment in the formal dose-escalation phase.

94 stable borirane (boracyclopropane) formed by formal double hydroboration along with 5% of the (E)-alk

95 ession among floral organs of wild type and "formal double" and "anemone double" is presented.

96 Formal education and higher asset level were associated

97 rtionately affected younger adults with less formal education and those with antisocial personality d

98 was stratified by parents' highest level of formal education attained (primary school, secondary sch

99 Most interventions (n=6) had a formal education component, and 5 included a mechanism f

100 Nurses with more formal education reported more favorable attitudes towar

101 ding professional support, peer support, and formal education, change behavior and that the harms of

102 knowledge of print in young children, before formal education, is sufficient to develop specialized l

103 tee, the purpose of the plan is to guide the formal efforts of ASCO in this area over the next three

104 emperature management, coronary angiography, formal electrophysiology assessments, or functional surv

105 two open-ended questions: To what extent do formal elements of art elicit negative affect, and do ar

106 y alcohol, which represents the product of a formal enantioconvergent aliphatic nucleophile addition.

107 A formal enantioselective synthesis of nectrisine, a poten

108 A catalytic formal ene reaction between ketone-derived silyl enol et

109 However, no formal evaluation has been conducted on such projects.

110 Formal evaluation of emergent model behavior at multidec

111 Therefore, to initiate a formal evaluation of FALD, the American College of Cardi

112 a since the mid-2000s, but there has been no formal evaluation of how much of this decline is attribu

113 the vast majority of which (93%) included a formal evaluation of the statistical significance of the

114 or individual responsibility supplemented by formal evaluation practices and institutional and regula

115 Formal exchange of C=C units with isoelectronic B=N or B

116 pport of hypotheses about the use of unusual formal features and the interplay between sound and mean

117 of participants remaining after each round; formal feedback of group ratings; definitions of consens

118 ns and those with detectable SPT results had formal food challenges.

119 e, which are rarely investigated in the same formal framework.

120 depressive symptoms, and neuroticism; using formal genetic twin models and molecular genetic methods

121 ng of wake-sleep states of mice, and provide formal guidelines for the latter.

122 There are no formal guidelines for treatment of these patients, and t

123 r-H ([Cr](R)-H, R= H, Me) were evaluated for formal H atom transfer reactivity and were selected due

124 l interaction in the transition state of the formal H-atom transfer that drives the inherent reactivi

125 ze cyclohexadiene substrates to benzene in a formal H2-transfer process.

126 singly widespread use of misoprostol outside formal health systems in contexts where abortion is lega

127 Several formal heteroborylative cyclization reactions have been

128 is-acid catalyzed (hetero)arene interrupted, formal homo-Nazarov cyclization have been disclosed.

129 available alkyne source is employed in this formal homologation process that serves as a surrogate f

130 , any octet expansion is now seen as largely formal, however, because the central element essentially

131 unsaturated hydrocarbons utilizing water as formal hydride source is described.

132 The method represents a formal hydroacylation of alkenes and alkynes and provide

133 Formal hydrogen atom abstraction from the nitrogen-hydro

134 fundamental step(s) of initial transfer of a formal hydrogen atom from the SmI2-water reagent system

135 does not provide a unique reagent system for formal hydrogen atom transfer to substrates.

136 A domino hydroboration/trifluoromethylation (formal hydrotrifluoromethylation) of alkynes using the f

137 Literature for conducting formal hypothesis testing on an integrative gene set lev

138 Our study focused on the formal identification and the quantification of new vari

139 esearch over the last 7 years has led to the formal identification of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), i

140 computed across multiple ontologies using a formal inference mechanism of set-theoretic operations.

141 ng model parameter space has captured little formal information about the emergent connections betwee

142 dels; Family and Support Network; Lifestyle; Formal Information Sources; Knowledge; and Feeding in fr

143 ranging from public engagement activities to formal instruction in evolution, population genetics, an

144 However, the formal integration of spatial and genetic data ('landsca

145 ubstance use by early adulthood, without any formal intervention.

146 A formal intramolecular vicinal 1,2-diamination of alkynes

147 paper represents a unique example of a net (formal) intramolecular carbene insertion reaction into a

148 76, P = .043) comparing phase 1 and phase 2 (formal introduction of risk stratification).

149 study (N = 500, phase 1) performed prior to formal introduction of risk stratification.

150 that time funding agencies began to support formal investigation of aerosol therapy which until then

151 cal collision technique can be used to probe formal ion transfer potentials between water and solvent

152 ting catalysts are presented together with a formal kinetics model to account for the key chemical st

153 s that are designed for single use outside a formal laboratory, with in-home pregnancy tests the best

154 These results suggest that awarding formal land titles to local communities can advance fore

155 ndigenous groups and other local communities formal legal title to land.

156 here has been a global movement to develop a formal legal/regulatory EIA process for large industrial

157 First, we provide a formal likelihood function of actions (pro- and antisacc

158 akeholders and form a working committee, (2) formal literature and guideline review, (3) retrospectiv

159 at accommodates both metal d electrons and a formal M identical withP triple bond.

160 It was developed for convenience, without formal mathematical and graphic assessment to validate i

161 Finally, we provide formal mathematical support for the idea that Menzerath'

162 erception is influenced by human exposure to formal mathematics.

163 le, thus many patients require little if any formal medical care.

164 r satisfaction and retention, development of formal mentorship programs should be considered for all

165 rvival definitions were too inconsistent for formal meta-analyses for the bisphosphonate trials.

166 le sizes were generally too small to conduct formal meta-analyses, published literature suggests that

167 We performed a formal meta-analysis on study-level effects of body size

168 f populations and methodology did not permit formal meta-analysis, we present a narrative analysis.

169 orted outcomes were heterogeneous precluding formal meta-analysis.

170 aviors in health and disease, and provides a formal method to link genotype to phenotype in excitable

171 health impacts caused by climate change uses formal methods to determine a) whether the occurrence of

172 under scrutiny should be within the scope of formal methods.

173 ical evidence support an association between formal mindfulness practice and decreased respiration ra

174 catalysis, the Mo center cycles between the formal Mo(VI) horizontal lineS and Mo(IV)-SH states, and

175 Demographic models are ranked through formal model comparison and structural risk minimization

176 or rates and reaction times in this task, no formal model comparison has yet been performed.

177 Formal model comparison indicated that the model of mult

178 Formal model comparison revealed that, of the tested mod

179 Using formal model comparison, we found that participants impl

180 This paper uses a formal model of optimal policing to explore how society

181 We first propose a formal model to assess probabilistically function-impact

182 me of the assumptions and predictions of our formal model.

183 mental B. pseudomallei and combine this in a formal modelling framework(8-10) to estimate the global

184 exity, tackling domains for which ready-made formal models are not available.

185 Prediction-error signals consistent with formal models of "reinforcement learning" (RL) have repe

186 tigate quantitative models by distilling the formal models to qualitative predictions.

187 This connection provides a formal motivation for the success of personalized PageRa

188 East Asian ancestry, male sex, younger age, formal music training-especially before age 6-and Englis

189 In the absence of a formal national clinical registry since regulatory appro

190 ually lead to amides or lactams arising from formal NH insertion as the major products.

191 t of Fe(3+) doping promotes the formation of formal Ni(4+), which in turn directly correlates with an

192 k in the degeneracy of the p orbitals on the formal nitrenium/oxenium center.

193 We sought to evaluate the effects of formal observation training in the visual arts on the ge

194 However, it is recommended that formal OPC be applied for approval of new-generation THV

195 ty-five of 76 departments (33%) described no formal or informal pairing of mentors with mentees.

196 Only one ICU had a formal overnight quiet time policy at the start of the s

197 e reactions with C6Cl4O2 or (tht)AuCl afford formal oxidation of the phosphindene center and the phos

198 in a discrete methyl intermediate where the formal oxidation state (FOS) on the carbon remains uncha

199 of these compounds the boron atom is in the formal oxidation state +I which contrasts with classical

200 Each boron atom in 3 is in the formal oxidation state +II, and tetracoordinate with a P

201 is a species with phosphorus in the unusual formal oxidation state +II, it is capable of reducing ca

202 n near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) suggested a formal oxidation state change of Mn(II)2 in 1 to Mn(II)

203 We report a new formal oxidation state for plutonium, namely Pu(2+) in [

204 found an iridium-containing compound with a formal oxidation state of 9.

205 Despite the fact that the formal oxidation state of the nickel in 3 is +4, experim

206 (NH2)](-) and their onward conversion to the formal oxidative addition product Sn(boryl)2(H)(NH2).

207 ractability of the more realistic models, no formal parameter inference has previously been conducted

208 he lymphatic vasculature is not considered a formal part of the immune system, but it is critical to

209 filling this potential requires standardized formal patterns for structuring ontologies and annotatio

210 f the fused naphthalene unit that enforces a formal pentalene subunit at the central five-membered ri

211 Such networks establish a new formal phenotype of cancer which captures the cell-cell

212 ding in urban informal areas that often lack formal planning.

213 Of those, 60.9% (15/24) had a formal policy for their use, and 21.7% (5/24) had never

214 Furthermore, the formal potential (E(0)') and heterogeneous rate constant

215 hen redox species with a relatively positive formal potential (e.g., Fe(CN)6(3/4-)) were added to the

216 ed upon adding redox species with a negative formal potential (e.g., Ru(NH3)6(3/2+)).

217 nd nitrate reduction took place at a similar formal potential of -175+/-05 and -175+/-34mV vs. SHE, r

218 By using strong (acidic) proton donors, the formal potential of the quinone redox reactions is tuned

219 her concentrations, the OCP moves toward the formal potential of the redox couple and eventually beco

220 g in a KBr solution, stable and reproducible formal potentials of -157 +/- 2 mV (vs Ag/AgCl/3 M KCl)

221 esults described here are the first detailed formal presentation of cellular kinetics across 2 diseas

222 This paper summarizes the topics of formal presentations and informal discussions from the s

223 established psychological constructs and the formal processes implicit in mathematical descriptions o

224 In summary, our findings provide formal proof of the predominant T cell-intrinsic role of

225 herapy-refractory reservoir for relapse, but formal proof of this model is lacking.

226 ly identified to date, but there has been no formal quality assessment of these studies.

227 Study centre and can be used within existing formal quality management approaches.

228 Total Diet Studies that could be included in formal quality management systems.

229 genetics lack either temporal resolution or formal quantification of the underlying mobility, are po

230 n emergencies, we highlight three needs: for formal randomized trials-even in most emergencies; for i

231 stroke rate was 3.20 per 100 person-years ('formal rate assessment').

232 neonates, despite the long-standing existing formal recognition of ARDS syndrome in later life.

233 mbursement, priority for donor's family, and formal recognition of donation.

234 ophthalmologic examinations are required, no formal recommendations for clinical care of children wit

235 o specific studies on this topic have led to formal recommendations, we suggest some options for adap

236 Given that the only formal record of OA in Dolly is a brief mention of a sin

237 nalysis afforded an estimate of the chlorine formal reduction potential E degrees (Cl(*/-)) = 1.87 V

238 otein has allowed the first determination of formal reduction potentials (E degrees ') for a Y residi

239 Formal rehabilitation programs, including inpatient prog

240 perceptual sensory attenuation; however, the formal relationship between physiological and perceptual

241 Formal removal of two bonding partners from boranes, BR3

242 Formal replication of our results in other populations a

243 ogether, our model and experiments provide a formal reputational account of TPP, and demonstrate how

244 No responses that met formal response criteria occurred in patients who receiv

245 an indication of objective nasal patency as formal rhinomanometry and has the advantage to be cheap,

246 ntion, high-risk primary prevention based on formal risk assessment, and primary prevention based on

247 We present formal rules that assign gene pairs to specific xenolog

248 lly detected only after approximately 1 y of formal schooling and reading acquisition.

249 t cognitive reserve, as measured by years of formal schooling, can counteract the ongoing pathologica

250 acy, benefits, and potential harms of brief, formal screening instruments for ASD administered during

251 d on health workers' motivation, focusing on formal sector staff but not CHWs.

252 e corrupted institutions deter conversion to formal sector usage.

253 Recent advances in formal semantics provide a framework for incorporating b

254 Replication of these data in formal settings of cancer screening and treatment is req

255 The method has formal similarities to so-called partially balanced inco

256 observations can be well accounted for by a formal single-level tunnelling model where the temperatu

257 and bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene, serving as formal sources of 1, a reactivity manifold traditionally

258 n 3, which is found to be facile despite the formal spin-forbidden nature of this process.

259 the beginnings of organized surgery and the formal start of the professionalization and specializati

260 0.63-1.21; p=0.41), thus precluding further formal statistical analysis.

261 The descriptive study design did not support formal statistical comparisons by physician and practice

262 ions of unrelated individuals and provides a formal statistical framework for leveraging and evaluati

263 s strongly on exploratory analysis; the more formal statistical properties obtained under idealized a

264 Formal stereocontrolled syntheses of (+/-)- and (+)-C9-d

265 By means of a formal structural hybridization of the antipsychotic dru

266 Application of these reactions to the formal syntheses of baclofen and (+)-monomorine was demo

267 Concise, scalable, and enantioselective formal syntheses of eight dimeric and three monomeric nu

268 We describe herein formal syntheses of the indole alkaloids cis-trikentrin

269 he utility of the method is showcased by the formal synthesis of a potent histone deacetylase inhibit

270 of combretastatins D-2 and D-4 as well as a formal synthesis of combretastatin D-1 by a conceptually

271 escribe our first-generation approach to the formal synthesis of lasonolide A.

272 ty of this method is demonstrated toward the formal synthesis of mesembrine.

273 es, is highlighted by its application to the formal synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product rhopal

274 A facile formal synthesis to aphanorphine and its analogue is des

275 venom immunotherapy, has been informed by a formal systematic review and meta-analysis and produced

276 taxonomic information prior to completion of formal taxonomic revisions.

277 A formal test for gene flow confirmed secondary contact, s

278 A formal test of interaction between race/ethnicity-specif

279 IVA-associated cardiomyopathy precluded any formal testing.

280 ype, and microsatellite stability), although formal tests for heterogeneity did not produce statistic

281 een proposed to support perceptual learning, formal tests of causality are lacking.

282 Thus, by introducing a formal theoretical framework for exploring cooperation t

283 bles of high-dimensional systems, offering a formal theory-based approach for analyzing single-cell m

284 We now investigate the catalyst-free formal thioboration reaction of alkynes to gain mechanis

285 polated the scope of this methodology to the formal total syntheses of dimeric cyclotyrptamine alkalo

286 reparation of macrolactone 33a we describe a formal total synthesis of amphidinolide Q.

287 The formal total synthesis of both the enantiomers of cyclop

288 A formal total synthesis of the cytotoxic macrolide amphid

289 e total synthesis of tubocurine represents a formal total synthesis of the famous arrow poison alkalo

290 In 62 (82%) and 59 (78%) departments, no formal training existed for mentors or mentees, respecti

291 However, few are included in the formal training of researchers.

292 nd beta-ketoenamine-linked COFs based on the formal transimination of N-aryl benzophenone imines.

293 planting an old kidney may be useful, but no formal trials are available.Old donors constitute an eno

294 A ruthenium-catalyzed sequence for the formal two-carbon scission of allyl groups to carboxylic

295 ult to reconcile network complexities with a formal understanding of their behavior.

296 mission spectra were directly related to the formal unpaired Fe(d) spin count, indicating HS Fe(II) i

297 nments were required to provide the WHO with formal validation of execution and monitoring of the swi

298 Here, we consider formal valuation accounts of emotions.

299 A formal valuation and metareasoning framework may thus pr

300 d-bound patients in hospital where access to formal visual field testing is difficult, or indeed in r