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1 -oxidation, resulting in increased levels of free fatty acid.
2 ction profiles but shared elevated levels of free fatty acids.
3 epatic uptake of adipose-derived circulating free fatty acids.
4 tabolites in muscle and elevated circulating free fatty acids.
5 despite normal insulin suppression of plasma free fatty acids.
6 the hydrolysis of TGs to diacylglycerols and free fatty acids.
7 y hydrolyses glycerophospholipids to release free fatty acids.
8 as a control group with elevated circulating free fatty acids.
9 acids, trans-isomers, and specific released free fatty acids.
10 of the nascent acyl chains to the medium as free fatty acids.
11 mones, and circulating levels of glucose and free fatty acids.
12 ial role of RpfB is uptake and activation of free fatty acids.
13 l metabolites and increased levels of plasma free fatty acids.
14 inantly triacylglycerols, sterol esters, and free fatty acids.
15 mpanied by the increase of phospholipids and free fatty acids.
16 uring this period, changes in the content of free fatty acids (1.4-3.8 mg/g oil), TBARS values (8.8-1
17 or of their actions is the G protein-coupled free fatty acid 2 (FFA2) receptor, and this has been sug
18 of function of these on the closely related free fatty acid 2 receptor, and a dearth of FFA3-selecti
19 oles of the short chain fatty acid receptor, free fatty acid 3 receptor (FFA3), has been severely lim
20 hermogenesis and can consume, in addition to free fatty acids, a very high amount of glucose from the
23 ssue (VAT), intrahepatic lipid (IHL), plasma free fatty acids, adipose cell diameter, and percentage
25 Culturing renal proximal tubular cells with free fatty acid and FXR agonists showed that FXR activat
26 onary sinus blood sampled to measure cardiac free fatty acid and glucose oxidation and lactate uptake
27 more impaired GT, lower plasma T3 and higher free fatty acid and hepatic triglycerides compared with
28 isted aqueous process had a lower content of free fatty acid and lower color imparting components tha
29 on, and growth hormone levels increased, and free fatty acids and 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations an
31 ations in glucose metabolism, divergences in free fatty acids and carnitine conjugated lipid levels,
32 ding the first reaction, oxidative terpenes, free fatty acids and carotenoids degradation products we
33 cium (Ca(2+)) depletion induced by saturated free fatty acids and cytokines causes beta-cell ER stres
36 inflammation markers, as well as individual free fatty acids and free amino acids, were measured in
37 hondrial dysfunction; however, the impact of free fatty acids and glucose on mitochondrial traffickin
38 d in HF because baseline oxidation levels of free fatty acids and glucose were, respectively, >70% lo
39 lipases are added to transform the fat into free fatty acids and glycerol, which elute at the end of
41 s also suggest that an accumulation of liver free fatty acids and hepatic lipotoxicity marked by an e
42 to ambient UFP (diameter < 180 nm) increased free fatty acids and lipid metabolites in the mouse smal
43 ugh generation of small neoantigens, such as free fatty acids and lysophospholipids, from common phos
49 ilic molecules are observed in obesity (e.g. free fatty acids and phosphatidic acid) and plastics exp
50 els of cytotoxic lipid intermediates such as free fatty acids and phosphatidic acid, suggesting a buf
52 mediates stemming from exposure to saturated free fatty acids and rescues hepatocytes from death.
55 ease also elevates the levels of circulating free fatty acids and thus causes IR in insulin-sensitive
56 actions: polar lipids (PL), diacylglycerols, free fatty acids and triacylglycerols (TAG) using thin l
58 oups and decreased the circulating levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides in the HFD-FBX4w anim
59 iers of GCK mutations showed lower levels of free fatty acids and triglycerides than healthy control
61 atrix consist of ceramides, cholesterol, and free fatty acids, and can form two coexisting crystallin
62 ters, squalene, ceramides, free cholesterol, free fatty acids, and cholesterol and retinyl esters.
63 , pyrimidines, phospholipids, sphingolipids, free fatty acids, and glycerolipids) which were mapped t
64 ized triglyceride monomers, diglycerides and free fatty acids, and induction period based on Rancimat
66 o lipid biosynthesis, including cholesterol, free fatty acids, and neutral and acidic phospholipids.
67 lesterol, cholesterol esters, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and phosphatidylcholine, which is bloc
68 hepatocyte death upon exposure to saturated free fatty acids, and secretion of both IL-8 and TNFalph
69 increase in fasting plasma LDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, and total ketone bodies by 25, 49, and
71 d acid lipase expression and accumulation of free fatty acids are also present in a Pex19-deficient p
73 the strong UV absorption properties of this free fatty acid as well as of the glycerophospholipids h
74 f4)-induced lipotoxicity and accumulation of free fatty acids as the cause for mitochondrial damage i
75 nalyses indicate that TAG lipolysis releases free fatty acids at a time that correlates well with mei
76 nificantly different between groups included free fatty acids, bile acids, and amino acid metabolites
77 phatidic acid into lysophosphatidic acid and free fatty acid (both implicated in metastasis), was inc
78 -L-methionine (SAM) dependent methylation of free fatty acids, but FAME production by this route has
79 consumption, fasted blood glucose or plasma free fatty acids, but fasted plasma insulin and the home
80 e tissue insulin sensitivity (suppression of free fatty acids by insulin) showed a continuous worseni
81 We also investigated whether circulating free fatty acid (cFFA) levels predicted the magnitude of
83 ctor, and the ability of the lipase to alter free fatty acid composition and sensory characteristics
84 Maternal EGP per unit insulin and plasma free fatty acid concentration during hyperinsulinemia mo
85 dams also had lower serum glucose and higher free fatty acid concentrations than controls on GD 21.
88 duce hepatic diacylglycerol, cholesterol, or free fatty acid content; improve histologic measures of
90 gnificant increase in the diacylglycerol and free fatty acid contents as well as in the number of deg
91 e, C-peptide, fructosamine, triglyceride and free fatty acid contents decreased by 44.7%, 46.2%, 4.0%
94 es to the refining process, as the amount of free fatty acids could be reduced significantly from 2%
95 oblasts derived from ATGL KO mice, exogenous free fatty acids did not affect insulin sensitivity.
97 to their coenzyme A derivatives, accumulates free fatty acids during the stationary phase of growth.
99 l that the coexistence of hypoxia along with free fatty acids exacerbates macrophage-mediated inflamm
100 h and inflammatory responses after saturated free fatty acid exposure by activating NF-kappaB through
101 esterification of vanillyl alcohol (VA) with free fatty acids (FA) and coconut oil (CO) as acyl donor
102 The obtained data showed esterified and free fatty acids, fatty alcohol, sterols, alkanes and ar
103 (TG) levels and HOMA-IR and positively with free fatty acid (FFA) and HDL after control for age and
104 ffects of high as opposed to low circulating free fatty acid (FFA) and triglyceride levels in patient
106 release, triglyceride and glycogen contents, free fatty acid (FFA) content and release, and cholester
107 fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition, free fatty acid (FFA) content, peroxide index, thermal p
108 cycle were analyzed for 3-MCPD esters, GEs, free fatty acid (FFA) contents, specific extinction at 2
110 nistration significantly reduced insulin and free fatty acid (FFA) levels (P < 0.001) and ameliorated
111 increased adipose lipolysis, elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels, and impaired insulin signa
114 Insulin resistance and dysregulation of free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism are core defects in typ
116 cell function and dysfunction in a model of free fatty acid (FFA) palmitate-induced oxidative stress
117 atty acids from chylomicrons into the plasma free fatty acid (FFA) pool is an important source of FFA
118 of biologic responses through members of the free fatty acid (FFA) receptor family, which includes FF
119 , finding several triacylglyceride (TAG) and free fatty acid (FFA) species to be significantly increa
120 nstrated that CD36 facilitates cell membrane free fatty acid (FFA) transport, but its role in human m
122 p4 and Fabp5 (Fabp4/Fabp5) impairs exogenous free fatty acid (FFA) uptake by CD8(+) TRM cells and gre
124 (FATP1) to plasma membrane, and thus greater free fatty acid (FFA) uptake, in adipocyte cell models.
125 ted receptor alpha (PPARalpha) activation by free fatty acid (FFA), and cAMP response element-binding
129 hox activation of calpain-1 degrades Erk5 in free fatty acid (FFA)-stressed cardiomyocytes, whereas t
131 centration of triacylglycerols, DAG, MAG and free fatty acids (FFA) and the concentration of saturate
133 ucted: (i) fish oil extraction, (ii) Omega-3 free fatty acids (FFA) concentration (low temperature wi
135 pothesis that an inherent increase in plasma free fatty acids (FFA) in the HFD together with an HFD-i
136 We measured the incorporation of systemic free fatty acids (FFA) into circulating very low-density
137 es (TBARS), fluorescence compounds (OFR) and free fatty acids (FFA) were evaluated throughout the sto
139 on, for total lipid content and composition, free fatty acids (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive sub
141 uated Adipo-IR (fasting and mean OGTT plasma free fatty acid [FFA] x insulin concentrations), periphe
142 crophages results in increased intracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) and elevated expression of uncou
143 with a higher abundance of saturated C16-C20 free fatty acids (FFAs) and long polyunsaturated complex
147 ch in n-3 were produced by extraction of the free fatty acids (FFAs) from flaxseed oil, concentration
149 ary damage, as well as increased circulating free fatty acids (FFAs) in NAFLD, we hypothesized the in
151 evated concentrations of the polyunsaturated free fatty acids (FFAs) linoleic and alpha-linolenic aci
154 s in response to an elevated plasma ratio of free fatty acids (FFAs) to albumin when proteinuria reac
155 scribe longitudinal relations of serum total free fatty acids (FFAs) to insulin resistance (IR) and c
158 flecting chylomicrons of intestinal origin), free fatty acids (FFAs), insulin, glucose, glucagon, glu
159 s is responsible for the slow suppression of free fatty acids (FFAs), which in turn is responsible fo
163 The chemical components (hydrocarbons - HCs, free fatty acids - FFAs, free fatty alcohols - FALs and
164 beta-carotene) and lipid digestion products (free fatty acids, FFAs, and monoacylglycerides, MAGs) du
165 dance of biomarkers such as HDL cholesterol, free fatty acids, FGF21, bilirubin, and lactate depend o
166 at autophagy is necessary for the release of free fatty acids from intracellular stores within neutro
167 (2)H5]glycerol turnover rate and circulating free fatty acids, glycerol, and triglycerides), lipid ox
168 (TAG) and glucose uptake decreased, and the free fatty acid/glycerol ratio increased during the anta
169 the local regulation of ANGPTL4 via AMPK and free fatty acids have key roles in governing lipid homeo
170 obese, remained insulin sensitive, had lower free fatty acid in plasma, were protected against athero
172 compounds particularly medium and long-chain free fatty acids in cooked cured pork ham exudates.
175 ell as SMc01003 contribute to the release of free fatty acids in S. meliloti, neither one can use pho
178 ough transport phenomena not yet understood, free fatty acids in the oil binding medium migrate throu
180 yao, has been shown to bind leukotrienes and free fatty acids in vitro Therefore, here we assessed wh
182 oup, the EPA and DHA contributions to plasma free fatty acids increased (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.003, re
183 ity, plasmatic and hepatic triglycerides and free fatty acids, increased adiponectin-to-leptin ratio,
184 found that stimulation of A2B ARs suppressed free fatty acid-induced deleterious inflammatory and met
187 wed that FXR activation protected cells from free fatty acid-induced oxidative stress and endoplasmic
190 thioester bonds by thioesterases to produce free fatty acids is important for dictating the diversit
192 encompass increased 1) circulating levels of free fatty acid, ketone bodies, and long-chain acylcarni
193 ent and selective agonist for the long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) receptor 4 (FFA4; previously G pr
194 r the first time that long chain unsaturated free fatty acids (LCUFAs) present in Salmonella growth m
195 se increased responsiveness of host cells to free fatty acid, leading to a radical increase in the es
196 ase activity results in a reduction of serum free fatty acids, leading to improved peripheral insulin
197 3 phosphorylation positively correlated with free fatty acid level and measures of insulin sensitivit
198 ns, metabolic function, and triglyceride and free fatty acid levels and reverses weight gain in T2DM.
199 s, and chronically elevated blood long chain free fatty acid levels are thought to contribute to beta
202 al fat were positively correlated with serum free fatty acid levels, suggesting that collagen alpha1
207 hanced lipolysis, elevated concentrations of free fatty acids, maximal beta-oxidation, and mitochondr
209 nolenoylethanolamides, but not corresponding free fatty-acid metabolites, contributed to the reversib
210 ssiveness were identified, including various free fatty acids, metabolites, and complex lipids such a
211 to characterize the molecular speciation of free fatty acids, monoacylglycerol species, unmodified a
213 nsidered that accumulation of nonesterified (free) fatty acids (NEFAs) in the first trimester of preg
217 ma BCAs in both insulin groups but increased free fatty acids only in the high insulin group, however
218 h a 41.3+/-6.7% and 32.5+/-10.9% increase in free fatty acid oxidation and a 31.3+/-9.2% and 41.4+/-8
219 abolism in normal dogs, whereas they enhance free fatty acid oxidation and reduce glucose oxidation i
220 patic de novo lipogenesis, decreased hepatic free fatty acid oxidation, or decreased very-low-density
223 f 32.6%, 46 ppm total phenolic content, 0.7% free fatty acids, peroxide value of 0.2 and 11.5 h of Ra
224 The following analyses were carried out: free fatty acids, peroxide value, specific extinction at
225 rous cow milk fat was evaluated by measuring Free Fatty Acids, peroxide value, Thiobarbituric Acid va
226 method was developed for elucidation of the free fatty acid profile in mussel samples, avoiding a pr
227 to determine oxidation (headspace analysis, free fatty acids profile, peroxide value and anisidine v
228 eted metabolomic measurement of serum BA and free fatty acid profiles was applied to sera of 381 indi
231 colon, the involvement of the SCFA receptor free fatty acid receptor (FFA)3, one of the free fatty a
236 in-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) also known as free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) is highly expressed i
239 second long-chain free fatty acid receptor, free fatty acid receptor 1, the simple chemical structur
244 idue produced a signalling-biased variant of Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 in which Gi-mediated signalli
246 s to homology models of both human and mouse Free Fatty Acid Receptor 2 suggested that a single lysin
247 d SCFAs, propionate, activates ileal mucosal free fatty acid receptor 2 to trigger a negative feedbac
249 there is great interest in the potential of free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFA4) as a novel therapeutic
252 free fatty acid receptor (FFA)3, one of the free fatty acid receptor family members, has not been cl
254 upled receptor 40 (GPR40), a Galphaq-coupled free fatty acid receptor linked to MAPK networks and glu
255 614 did not antagonize the second long-chain free fatty acid receptor, free fatty acid receptor 1, th
257 Human GPR40 receptor (hGPR40), also known as free fatty-acid receptor 1 (FFAR1), is a G-protein-coupl
260 -derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and free fatty acid receptors including GPR43 are thought to
261 receptors 1 and 4 (FFAR1 and FFAR4) are two free fatty acid receptors under increasing investigation
262 ycerol, glycerol, and medium- and long-chain free fatty acids, reflective of lipid mobilization and c
264 rom SGA newborns, whereas GPR120 (related to free fatty acid regulation) was hypomethylated in placen
266 ype cytokine signaling in adipocytes induces free fatty acid release from visceral adipocytes, thereb
269 d digestion were examined by determining the free fatty acids released from various oil-in-water emul
272 e cholesterol, phospholipids, ceramides, and free fatty acids showed distributions in good agreement
275 FLD, causes more oxidative damage than other free fatty acids such as palmitic acid, and mediates sel
276 weight, serum cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids, suggesting altered lipid metabolism in
278 lights the critical role of plasma saturated free fatty acids that are abundant in the WD with respec
279 In this study, we report that saturated free fatty acids that are elevated in obesity alter reso
280 ulated metabolic process called lipolysis to free fatty acids that serve as energy substrates for bet
281 se (FAAH) degrades NAE into ethanolamine and free fatty acid to terminate its signaling function.
283 otein-coupled receptor that binds long-chain free fatty acids to enhance glucose-dependent insulin se
284 y by catalysing uptake and activation of the free fatty acids to give acyl-CoAs that can be utilized
285 wn adipose tissue (BAT) utilizes glucose and free fatty acids to produce heat, thereby increasing ene
287 w that autophagy-mediated lipolysis provides free fatty acids to support a mitochondrial respiration
288 A2 (PLA2) to mobilize lysophospholipids and free fatty acids to sustain fatty acid oxidation and oxi
289 of Sinorhizobium meliloti, unable to convert free fatty acids to their coenzyme A derivatives, accumu
290 layed a decrease in fasting plasma levels of free fatty acid, triglyceride, and insulin as well as im
291 hat cathepsin B regulates VLDL secretion and free fatty acid uptake via cleavage of LFABP, which occu
292 cising muscle is mediated by elevated plasma free fatty acids via peroxisome proliferator-activated r
293 nhanced fat oxidation, circulating levels of free fatty acids were reduced in the HFD-fed AdSod2 KO m
295 ow volatility, such as medium and long-chain free fatty acids, whereas compounds with high volatility
296 other legumes, LOX from lupin only converted free fatty acids, whereas trilinolein and beta-carotene
297 to endogenous lipase-dependent generation of free fatty acids, which destroy the viral lipid envelope
300 ow hypoxia modulates the response of ATMs to free fatty acids within obese adipose tissue is limited.
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